[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-019d49e9-3dad-72a2-8fc4-af342c16b5f0":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-019ba7d2-7094-7519-b0f1-7b9c0b8d1a84":228},["Reactive",4],{"id":5,"grammarPage":6,"title":7,"instructions":8,"displayOrder":9,"questions":10},"019d49e9-3dad-72a2-8fc4-af342c16b5f0","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019ba7d2-7094-7519-b0f1-7b9c0b8d1a84","Daily Life - Deducing Outcomes","This is a fill-in-the-blank exercise. Click on each blank and choose the correct answer from the dropdown.\nSome sentences may have more than one blank, so make sure you complete all of them.\nUse modal verbs to speculate and make logical deductions about everyday situations, including what is possible, probable, or impossible.",1,[11,33,51,70,89,106,125,144,163,179,196,212],{"id":12,"sentenceTemplate":13,"displayOrder":14,"explanation":15,"exampleSentence":16,"blanks":17},"019d49ea-8351-743b-9022-8d2110f2521d","The project deadline was yesterday and they haven't submitted anything yet. They __1__ about it completely.",0,"Use 'must have + past participle' to express a strong logical deduction about the past when you are almost certain something happened based on evidence.","She scored 100% on the exam. She must have studied very hard.",[18],{"id":19,"blankNumber":9,"options":20},"019d49ea-834f-7270-844c-8f585d1b52ff",[21,25,29],{"id":22,"optionText":23,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-834e-7e53-98a8-2c44ad7f0e81","might have forgotten",false,{"id":26,"optionText":27,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-834e-7ee7-98a8-2c44adddd622","must have forgotten",true,{"id":30,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-834e-7f37-98a8-2c44ae37ce33","can't have forgotten",2,{"id":34,"sentenceTemplate":35,"displayOrder":9,"explanation":36,"exampleSentence":37,"blanks":38},"019d49ea-8351-75f3-9022-8d21145107e0","The sales figures dropped by 50% this quarter despite increased marketing efforts. The new marketing strategy __1__ as planned.","Use 'can't have + past participle' to express a strong logical deduction that something was impossible or did not happen, based on clear evidence.","The door is still locked. He can't have come home yet.",[39],{"id":40,"blankNumber":9,"options":41},"019d49ea-8351-75ab-9022-8d2113d6ba09",[42,45,48],{"id":43,"optionText":44,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-751b-9022-8d2111b5f2ac","must have worked",{"id":46,"optionText":47,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-755b-9022-8d21129b3163","can't have worked",{"id":49,"optionText":50,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7587-9022-8d21132779d1","might have worked",{"id":52,"sentenceTemplate":53,"displayOrder":54,"explanation":55,"exampleSentence":56,"blanks":57},"019d49ea-8351-77cb-9022-8d211a71d8b1","The experiment produced unexpected results three times in a row. There __1__ an error in our methodology.",3,"Use 'must be' to make a strong logical deduction about a present situation when the evidence strongly suggests something is true.","He's yawning constantly. He must be very tired.",[58],{"id":59,"blankNumber":9,"options":60},"019d49ea-8351-7793-9022-8d211a4e1fa7",[61,64,67],{"id":62,"optionText":63,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-7733-9022-8d21187c1e26","might be",{"id":65,"optionText":66,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-7753-9022-8d211915f149","can't be",{"id":68,"optionText":69,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7773-9022-8d2119677ee1","must be",{"id":71,"sentenceTemplate":72,"displayOrder":73,"explanation":74,"exampleSentence":75,"blanks":76},"019d49ea-8351-78a7-9022-8d211ce82a74","The client approved the proposal immediately without any questions. Our presentation __1__ very convincing.",4,"Use 'must have been' to make a strong deduction about a past state or quality based on clear evidence of the outcome.","They finished the marathon in record time. They must have been extremely fit.",[77],{"id":78,"blankNumber":9,"options":79},"019d49ea-8351-786f-9022-8d211bf754e2",[80,83,86],{"id":81,"optionText":82,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-7813-9022-8d211afe5398","can't have been",{"id":84,"optionText":85,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-7833-9022-8d211b52182c","might have been",{"id":87,"optionText":88,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7853-9022-8d211bc67ca3","must have been",{"id":90,"sentenceTemplate":91,"displayOrder":92,"explanation":93,"exampleSentence":94,"blanks":95},"019d49ea-8351-79bb-9022-8d211f7b564a","The factory is running at full capacity but profits are still declining. The problem __1__ with production costs, but we need more data to confirm.",5,"Use 'could be' to suggest a possible explanation when there are multiple potential causes and you are speculating without strong evidence.","The computer keeps crashing. It could be a virus or a hardware issue.",[96],{"id":97,"blankNumber":9,"options":98},"019d49ea-8351-7983-9022-8d211f0bc1a4",[99,101,104],{"id":100,"optionText":69,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-791f-9022-8d211d3ec91a",{"id":102,"optionText":103,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-7943-9022-8d211e23066b","could be",{"id":105,"optionText":66,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7967-9022-8d211ee645e3",{"id":107,"sentenceTemplate":108,"displayOrder":109,"explanation":110,"exampleSentence":111,"blanks":112},"019d49ea-8351-7a93-9022-8d2122bf36cb","Some of the files are missing from the report, so the assistant __1__ all the data.",6,"Use 'might not have + past participle' to speculate about a negative past action when you suspect something did not happen but are not completely certain.","The document is incomplete. She might not have finished it yet.",[113],{"id":114,"blankNumber":9,"options":115},"019d49ea-8351-7a5f-9022-8d21228c6429",[116,119,122],{"id":117,"optionText":118,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-79ff-9022-8d21203aedb9","must have included",{"id":120,"optionText":121,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-7a23-9022-8d2120bb7468","might not have included",{"id":123,"optionText":124,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7a3f-9022-8d2121b1fa4e","can't have included",{"id":126,"sentenceTemplate":127,"displayOrder":128,"explanation":129,"exampleSentence":130,"blanks":131},"019d49ea-8351-7c3b-9022-8d212802de51","They launched a nearly identical product with the same features just two weeks after our announcement. They __1__ our plans somehow.",8,"Use 'must have known' to express a strong deduction about past knowledge based on evidence that makes it almost certain they knew.","She brought an umbrella this morning. She must have known it would rain.",[132],{"id":133,"blankNumber":9,"options":134},"019d49ea-8351-7c07-9022-8d212751147e",[135,138,141],{"id":136,"optionText":137,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-7ba7-9022-8d212648e253","can't have known",{"id":139,"optionText":140,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-7bcb-9022-8d212696520d","must have known",{"id":142,"optionText":143,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7beb-9022-8d2126e759a7","might know",{"id":145,"sentenceTemplate":146,"displayOrder":147,"explanation":148,"exampleSentence":149,"blanks":150},"019d49ea-8351-7d1f-9022-8d212af5bf81","The software update was released yesterday but the bug still exists. The developers __1__ this particular issue.",9,"Use 'can't have + past participle' to make a strong deduction that something definitely did not happen, based on clear evidence.","The window is broken. The burglar can't have used the door.",[151],{"id":152,"blankNumber":9,"options":153},"019d49ea-8351-7ce7-9022-8d212a8a3b5d",[154,157,160],{"id":155,"optionText":156,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-7c7f-9022-8d21282f4d86","must have fixed",{"id":158,"optionText":159,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-7cab-9022-8d2129069d42","might have fixed",{"id":161,"optionText":162,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7ccb-9022-8d2129aeabb1","can't have fixed",{"id":164,"sentenceTemplate":165,"displayOrder":166,"explanation":167,"exampleSentence":168,"blanks":169},"019d49ea-8351-7df3-9022-8d212dcbec4a","We invested heavily in employee training last year and productivity has increased by 40%. The investment __1__ worthwhile given the 40% increase in productivity.",10,"Use 'must be' to make a strong present deduction based on clear evidence that strongly supports the conclusion.","The restaurant is always fully booked. It must be very popular.",[170],{"id":171,"blankNumber":9,"options":172},"019d49ea-8351-7dbf-9022-8d212d735236",[173,175,177],{"id":174,"optionText":63,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-7d63-9022-8d212b6c60c3",{"id":176,"optionText":69,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-7d83-9022-8d212bf25b79",{"id":178,"optionText":66,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7da3-9022-8d212c76beab",{"id":180,"sentenceTemplate":181,"displayOrder":182,"explanation":183,"exampleSentence":184,"blanks":185},"019d49ea-8351-7ec7-9022-8d212f6ed497","The warehouse inventory shows 500 units, but we only sold 200 last month. The remaining stock __1__ from previous months, as no new inventory has been added recently.",11,"Use 'must be' to make a logical deduction about the present when the evidence clearly points to one conclusion.","The lights are off and the door is locked. Everyone must be gone for the day.",[186],{"id":187,"blankNumber":9,"options":188},"019d49ea-8351-7e8f-9022-8d212f08fe94",[189,191,193],{"id":190,"optionText":66,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-7e37-9022-8d212e136a4e",{"id":192,"optionText":69,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-7e57-9022-8d212e4b8eda",{"id":194,"optionText":195,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7e73-9022-8d212ec89e2e","might not be",{"id":197,"sentenceTemplate":198,"displayOrder":199,"explanation":200,"exampleSentence":201,"blanks":202},"019d49ea-8351-7f9b-9022-8d2131a2590a","The research team published their findings ahead of schedule. They __1__ working overtime to meet the early deadline.",12,"Use 'must have been + verb-ing' to make a strong deduction about an action in progress in the past based on present evidence.","Her hands are covered in paint. She must have been decorating her apartment.",[203],{"id":204,"blankNumber":9,"options":205},"019d49ea-8351-7f67-9022-8d2130cb752b",[206,208,210],{"id":207,"optionText":63,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8351-7f0b-9022-8d212f8018a5",{"id":209,"optionText":88,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8351-7f2f-9022-8d212faa25be",{"id":211,"optionText":66,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8351-7f4b-9022-8d2130329a47",{"id":213,"sentenceTemplate":214,"displayOrder":215,"explanation":216,"exampleSentence":217,"blanks":218},"019d49ea-8352-70e4-9116-9a7a91fb6a85","The supplier promised delivery by Friday, but it's now Monday and nothing has arrived. There __1__ a delay in shipping.",13,"Use 'must have been' to make a strong deduction about a past situation when the evidence clearly indicates what happened.","The road is wet but it's not raining now. There must have been a storm earlier.",[219],{"id":220,"blankNumber":9,"options":221},"019d49ea-8352-70b0-9116-9a7a9124ba02",[222,224,226],{"id":223,"optionText":82,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019d49ea-8352-703c-9116-9a7a90cee7f4",{"id":225,"optionText":88,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019d49ea-8352-7068-9116-9a7a90e94980",{"id":227,"optionText":63,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019d49ea-8352-7088-9116-9a7a911a845d",{"title":229,"slug":230,"language":231},"Deduction & Speculation (Modals)","deduction-speculation-modals","en"]