[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-019f7f70-33ae-7c5c-bf14-f60277c6a836":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-019f7f70-2dd1-7322-a642-fae73bf66405":283},["Reactive",4],{"id":5,"grammarPage":6,"title":7,"instructions":8,"displayOrder":9,"questions":10},"019f7f70-33ae-7c5c-bf14-f60277c6a836","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-2dd1-7322-a642-fae73bf66405","Categorías y cantidades","Decide cuándo el sustantivo representa una categoría completa y cuándo aparece sin artículo en una cantidad no específica o después de «sin».",1,[11,33,51,69,88,107,126,145,176,195,214,245,264],{"id":12,"sentenceTemplate":13,"displayOrder":14,"explanation":15,"exampleSentence":16,"blanks":17},"019f7f70-33ae-7db4-bf14-f6027a73eb3e","Para hablar de una clase completa de seres u objetos contables, normalmente usamos __1__.",0,"Las generalizaciones con sustantivos contables suelen llevar el artículo definido plural: «los» o «las».","Las ballenas son mamíferos.",[18],{"id":19,"blankNumber":9,"options":20},"019f7f70-33ae-7d6c-bf14-f6027a5cf1c3",[21,25,29],{"id":22,"optionText":23,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33ae-7cd8-bf14-f6027870a173","un sustantivo plural sin artículo",false,{"id":26,"optionText":27,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33ae-7d10-bf14-f602792dbc81","el artículo definido plural",true,{"id":30,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33ae-7d38-bf14-f60279848e63","un artículo indefinido singular",2,{"id":34,"sentenceTemplate":35,"displayOrder":9,"explanation":36,"exampleSentence":37,"blanks":38},"019f7f70-33ae-7e98-bf14-f6027cbfc3b0","La frase habla de toda la categoría animal, no de unas aves concretas: «__1__ tienen plumas».","Para generalizar sobre la categoría completa usamos el artículo definido plural: «las aves».","Los delfines respiran aire.",[39],{"id":40,"blankNumber":9,"options":41},"019f7f70-33ae-7e60-bf14-f6027c189ca8",[42,45,48],{"id":43,"optionText":44,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33ae-7e00-bf14-f6027ace411b","Unas aves",{"id":46,"optionText":47,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33ae-7e24-bf14-f6027b9ec985","Aves",{"id":49,"optionText":50,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33ae-7e44-bf14-f6027c0f821b","Las aves",{"id":52,"sentenceTemplate":53,"displayOrder":32,"explanation":54,"exampleSentence":55,"blanks":56},"019f7f70-33ae-7f6c-bf14-f6028057bd16","Corrige la generalización «Estudiantes necesitan descansar»: __1__.","Al hablar de los estudiantes como categoría, no omitimos automáticamente el artículo: decimos «los estudiantes».","Los trabajadores necesitan tiempo libre.",[57],{"id":58,"blankNumber":9,"options":59},"019f7f70-33ae-7f38-bf14-f6027f6d03a0",[60,63,66],{"id":61,"optionText":62,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33ae-7ed8-bf14-f6027db8c15c","Los estudiantes necesitan descansar.",{"id":64,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33ae-7efc-bf14-f6027e69d211","Un estudiante necesitan descansar.",{"id":67,"optionText":68,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33ae-7f1c-bf14-f6027f175b01","Estudiantes necesita descansar.",{"id":70,"sentenceTemplate":71,"displayOrder":72,"explanation":73,"exampleSentence":74,"blanks":75},"019f7f70-33af-70ac-9421-34a51184edbb","La oración presenta una actividad en general: «__1__ favorece la concentración».",3,"Con una actividad general expresada en singular usamos normalmente el artículo: «la lectura».","La natación fortalece muchos músculos.",[76],{"id":77,"blankNumber":9,"options":78},"019f7f70-33af-7074-9421-34a510ec9d2f",[79,82,85],{"id":80,"optionText":81,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-7010-9421-34a50f3c5371","Una lectura",{"id":83,"optionText":84,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7038-9421-34a510193243","La lectura",{"id":86,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-7058-9421-34a5107c84d5","Lecturas",{"id":89,"sentenceTemplate":90,"displayOrder":91,"explanation":92,"exampleSentence":93,"blanks":94},"019f7f70-33af-717c-9421-34a5142d36db","El texto explica un alimento de manera general: «__1__ se cultiva en muchos países».",4,"«Trigo» se presenta como alimento no contable en general y lleva el artículo singular «el».","El maíz es importante en muchas cocinas.",[95],{"id":96,"blankNumber":9,"options":97},"019f7f70-33af-7148-9421-34a5138dd046",[98,101,104],{"id":99,"optionText":100,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-70ec-9421-34a512518bb7","Un trigo",{"id":102,"optionText":103,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-710c-9421-34a512e4bf07","Trigos",{"id":105,"optionText":106,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-712c-9421-34a512f2cacd","El trigo",{"id":108,"sentenceTemplate":109,"displayOrder":110,"explanation":111,"exampleSentence":112,"blanks":113},"019f7f70-33af-7258-9421-34a5179f3f06","Hablamos de una sustancia necesaria para respirar: «__1__ contiene oxígeno».",5,"Para generalizar sobre la sustancia no contable «aire», usamos el artículo singular «el».","El hierro es un material resistente.",[114],{"id":115,"blankNumber":9,"options":116},"019f7f70-33af-7228-9421-34a517594aec",[117,120,123],{"id":118,"optionText":119,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-71c8-9421-34a5151b41f5","El aire",{"id":121,"optionText":122,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-71ec-9421-34a515f7be2f","Unos aires",{"id":124,"optionText":125,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-7208-9421-34a516c746be","Aire",{"id":127,"sentenceTemplate":128,"displayOrder":129,"explanation":130,"exampleSentence":131,"blanks":132},"019f7f70-33af-7328-9421-34a51a94fae8","La frase trata un concepto de forma general: «__1__ permite tomar decisiones propias».",6,"Los conceptos generales en singular suelen llevar artículo; «libertad» es femenina, por eso usamos «la».","La confianza se construye poco a poco.",[133],{"id":134,"blankNumber":9,"options":135},"019f7f70-33af-72f4-9421-34a519fda662",[136,139,142],{"id":137,"optionText":138,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-729c-9421-34a51831b6da","Una libertad",{"id":140,"optionText":141,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-72bc-9421-34a518aea22a","Libertades",{"id":143,"optionText":144,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-72d8-9421-34a5193511d0","La libertad",{"id":146,"sentenceTemplate":147,"displayOrder":148,"explanation":149,"exampleSentence":150,"blanks":151},"019f7f70-33af-747c-9421-34a51e945d17","Contrasta una categoría contable con una sustancia: «__1__ protegen los productos; __2__ se puede reciclar».",7,"«Los envases» generaliza en plural sobre objetos contables; «el vidrio» generaliza en singular sobre una sustancia.","Las botellas tienen tapón y el plástico puede reutilizarse.",[152,164],{"id":153,"blankNumber":9,"options":154},"019f7f70-33af-73c0-9421-34a51bda3d65",[155,158,161],{"id":156,"optionText":157,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-7368-9421-34a51b784e09","Un envase",{"id":159,"optionText":160,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7384-9421-34a51b7b7fa9","Envases",{"id":162,"optionText":163,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-73a4-9421-34a51bd7cdd5","Los envases",{"id":165,"blankNumber":32,"options":166},"019f7f70-33af-7448-9421-34a51df3eef9",[167,170,173],{"id":168,"optionText":169,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-73f0-9421-34a51c1195b5","El vidrio",{"id":171,"optionText":172,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7410-9421-34a51c776a80","Unos vidrios",{"id":174,"optionText":175,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-742c-9421-34a51d09f557","Vidrio",{"id":177,"sentenceTemplate":178,"displayOrder":179,"explanation":180,"exampleSentence":181,"blanks":182},"019f7f70-33af-7598-9421-34a521efc34a","La lista de la compra enumera cantidades no específicas. Completa: «Compramos __1__».",8,"En una enumeración de cantidades no específicas podemos omitir los artículos: «fruta, agua y pan».","Para la excursión llevamos queso, zumo y galletas.",[183],{"id":184,"blankNumber":9,"options":185},"019f7f70-33af-7564-9421-34a5216b14fb",[186,189,192],{"id":187,"optionText":188,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-74f8-9421-34a51efca4fb","la fruta, el agua y el pan",{"id":190,"optionText":191,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-751c-9421-34a51feef4e6","fruta, agua y pan",{"id":193,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-7548-9421-34a520cf4e25","unas fruta, una agua y un pan",{"id":196,"sentenceTemplate":197,"displayOrder":198,"explanation":199,"exampleSentence":200,"blanks":201},"019f7f70-33af-7668-9421-34a5240a7179","Pido una bebida sin una cantidad específica de leche. Según el patrón enseñado con «sin», digo: «Tomo té sin __1__».",9,"Después de «sin» es normal omitir el artículo cuando hablamos de un ingrediente no específico: «sin leche».","Preparo la ensalada sin sal.",[202],{"id":203,"blankNumber":9,"options":204},"019f7f70-33af-7638-9421-34a5236ed8a3",[205,208,211],{"id":206,"optionText":207,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-75dc-9421-34a5228fd01c","una leche",{"id":209,"optionText":210,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-75fc-9421-34a522ccdf64","la leche",{"id":212,"optionText":213,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-7618-9421-34a52332175c","leche",{"id":215,"sentenceTemplate":216,"displayOrder":217,"explanation":218,"exampleSentence":219,"blanks":220},"019f7f70-33af-77c0-9421-34a5288d85bc","Compara dos usos del mismo sustantivo: como sustancia general, «__1__ contiene cafeína»; como cantidad no específica de una compra, «compramos __2__».",10,"La generalización lleva artículo: «el café». En la compra, «café» designa una cantidad no específica y puede ir sin artículo.","El arroz aporta energía; hoy compramos arroz.",[221,233],{"id":222,"blankNumber":9,"options":223},"019f7f70-33af-7704-9421-34a5258a4ccc",[224,227,230],{"id":225,"optionText":226,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-76a8-9421-34a52429fa98","El café",{"id":228,"optionText":229,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-76c8-9421-34a5243dc9a8","Un café",{"id":231,"optionText":232,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-76e8-9421-34a524c86daf","Cafés",{"id":234,"blankNumber":32,"options":235},"019f7f70-33af-778c-9421-34a52827acaa",[236,239,242],{"id":237,"optionText":238,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-7734-9421-34a52676f2c8","el café",{"id":240,"optionText":241,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7754-9421-34a527140985","café",{"id":243,"optionText":244,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-7770-9421-34a527313f1a","los cafés",{"id":246,"sentenceTemplate":247,"displayOrder":248,"explanation":249,"exampleSentence":250,"blanks":251},"019f7f70-33af-78ac-9421-34a52c19075a","¿Por qué pueden aparecer sin artículo «arroz, agua y pan» en una compra y «azúcar» después de «sin»? __1__.",11,"Son cantidades o ingredientes no específicos, no afirmaciones sobre toda una categoría.","«Compramos aceite» indica una cantidad; «el aceite es una grasa» generaliza.",[252],{"id":253,"blankNumber":9,"options":254},"019f7f70-33af-786c-9421-34a52b3fc2f5",[255,258,261],{"id":256,"optionText":257,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-7814-9421-34a528d52535","Porque todo sustantivo no contable rechaza el artículo.",{"id":259,"optionText":260,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7834-9421-34a529a415a7","Porque el artículo solo se usa con personas.",{"id":262,"optionText":263,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-7854-9421-34a52a91601e","Porque no son generalizaciones, sino cantidades o ingredientes no específicos.",{"id":265,"sentenceTemplate":266,"displayOrder":267,"explanation":268,"exampleSentence":269,"blanks":270},"019f7f70-33af-7974-9421-34a52f24cc39","Elige la generalización completa y bien formada sobre una categoría: __1__.",12,"«Las plantas necesitan luz» habla de la categoría completa y conserva el artículo definido plural.","Los libros transmiten conocimientos.",[271],{"id":272,"blankNumber":9,"options":273},"019f7f70-33af-7940-9421-34a52e5b6546",[274,277,280],{"id":275,"optionText":276,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-33af-78ec-9421-34a52cf1ead2","Las plantas necesitan luz.",{"id":278,"optionText":279,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7908-9421-34a52de15865","Plantas necesita luz.",{"id":281,"optionText":282,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-33af-7928-9421-34a52e2d2779","Una plantas necesitan la luz.",{"title":284,"slug":285,"language":286},"Artículos con días, fechas y generalizaciones","articulos-con-dias-fechas-y-generalizaciones","es"]