[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-019f7f70-33ae-7c5c-bf14-f60277c6a836":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-019f7f70-2dd1-7322-a642-fae73bf66405":285},["Reactive",4],{"id":5,"grammarPage":6,"title":7,"instructions":8,"displayOrder":9,"type":10,"questions":11,"ogImageUrl":284},"019f7f70-33ae-7c5c-bf14-f60277c6a836","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-2dd1-7322-a642-fae73bf66405","Categorías y cantidades","Decide cuándo el sustantivo representa una categoría completa y cuándo aparece sin artículo en una cantidad no específica o después de «sin».",1,"word_select",[12,34,52,70,89,108,127,146,177,196,215,246,265],{"id":13,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":15,"explanation":16,"exampleSentence":17,"blanks":18},"019f7f70-33ae-7db4-bf14-f6027a73eb3e","Para hablar de una clase completa de seres u objetos contables, normalmente usamos __1__.",0,"Las generalizaciones con sustantivos contables suelen llevar el artículo definido plural: «los» o «las».","Las ballenas son mamíferos.",[19],{"id":20,"blankNumber":9,"options":21},"019f7f70-33ae-7d6c-bf14-f6027a5cf1c3",[22,26,30],{"id":23,"optionText":24,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33ae-7cd8-bf14-f6027870a173","un sustantivo plural sin artículo",false,{"id":27,"optionText":28,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33ae-7d10-bf14-f602792dbc81","el artículo definido plural",true,{"id":31,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33ae-7d38-bf14-f60279848e63","un artículo indefinido singular",2,{"id":35,"sentenceTemplate":36,"displayOrder":9,"explanation":37,"exampleSentence":38,"blanks":39},"019f7f70-33ae-7e98-bf14-f6027cbfc3b0","La frase habla de toda la categoría animal, no de unas aves concretas: «__1__ tienen plumas».","Para generalizar sobre la categoría completa usamos el artículo definido plural: «las aves».","Los delfines respiran aire.",[40],{"id":41,"blankNumber":9,"options":42},"019f7f70-33ae-7e60-bf14-f6027c189ca8",[43,46,49],{"id":44,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33ae-7e00-bf14-f6027ace411b","Unas aves",{"id":47,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33ae-7e24-bf14-f6027b9ec985","Aves",{"id":50,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33ae-7e44-bf14-f6027c0f821b","Las aves",{"id":53,"sentenceTemplate":54,"displayOrder":33,"explanation":55,"exampleSentence":56,"blanks":57},"019f7f70-33ae-7f6c-bf14-f6028057bd16","Corrige la generalización «Estudiantes necesitan descansar»: __1__.","Al hablar de los estudiantes como categoría, no omitimos automáticamente el artículo: decimos «los estudiantes».","Los trabajadores necesitan tiempo libre.",[58],{"id":59,"blankNumber":9,"options":60},"019f7f70-33ae-7f38-bf14-f6027f6d03a0",[61,64,67],{"id":62,"optionText":63,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33ae-7ed8-bf14-f6027db8c15c","Los estudiantes necesitan descansar.",{"id":65,"optionText":66,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33ae-7efc-bf14-f6027e69d211","Un estudiante necesitan descansar.",{"id":68,"optionText":69,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33ae-7f1c-bf14-f6027f175b01","Estudiantes necesita descansar.",{"id":71,"sentenceTemplate":72,"displayOrder":73,"explanation":74,"exampleSentence":75,"blanks":76},"019f7f70-33af-70ac-9421-34a51184edbb","La oración presenta una actividad en general: «__1__ favorece la concentración».",3,"Con una actividad general expresada en singular usamos normalmente el artículo: «la lectura».","La natación fortalece muchos músculos.",[77],{"id":78,"blankNumber":9,"options":79},"019f7f70-33af-7074-9421-34a510ec9d2f",[80,83,86],{"id":81,"optionText":82,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-7010-9421-34a50f3c5371","Una lectura",{"id":84,"optionText":85,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7038-9421-34a510193243","La lectura",{"id":87,"optionText":88,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-7058-9421-34a5107c84d5","Lecturas",{"id":90,"sentenceTemplate":91,"displayOrder":92,"explanation":93,"exampleSentence":94,"blanks":95},"019f7f70-33af-717c-9421-34a5142d36db","El texto explica un alimento de manera general: «__1__ se cultiva en muchos países».",4,"«Trigo» se presenta como alimento no contable en general y lleva el artículo singular «el».","El maíz es importante en muchas cocinas.",[96],{"id":97,"blankNumber":9,"options":98},"019f7f70-33af-7148-9421-34a5138dd046",[99,102,105],{"id":100,"optionText":101,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-70ec-9421-34a512518bb7","Un trigo",{"id":103,"optionText":104,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-710c-9421-34a512e4bf07","Trigos",{"id":106,"optionText":107,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-712c-9421-34a512f2cacd","El trigo",{"id":109,"sentenceTemplate":110,"displayOrder":111,"explanation":112,"exampleSentence":113,"blanks":114},"019f7f70-33af-7258-9421-34a5179f3f06","Hablamos de una sustancia necesaria para respirar: «__1__ contiene oxígeno».",5,"Para generalizar sobre la sustancia no contable «aire», usamos el artículo singular «el».","El hierro es un material resistente.",[115],{"id":116,"blankNumber":9,"options":117},"019f7f70-33af-7228-9421-34a517594aec",[118,121,124],{"id":119,"optionText":120,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-71c8-9421-34a5151b41f5","El aire",{"id":122,"optionText":123,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-71ec-9421-34a515f7be2f","Unos aires",{"id":125,"optionText":126,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-7208-9421-34a516c746be","Aire",{"id":128,"sentenceTemplate":129,"displayOrder":130,"explanation":131,"exampleSentence":132,"blanks":133},"019f7f70-33af-7328-9421-34a51a94fae8","La frase trata un concepto de forma general: «__1__ permite tomar decisiones propias».",6,"Los conceptos generales en singular suelen llevar artículo; «libertad» es femenina, por eso usamos «la».","La confianza se construye poco a poco.",[134],{"id":135,"blankNumber":9,"options":136},"019f7f70-33af-72f4-9421-34a519fda662",[137,140,143],{"id":138,"optionText":139,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-729c-9421-34a51831b6da","Una libertad",{"id":141,"optionText":142,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-72bc-9421-34a518aea22a","Libertades",{"id":144,"optionText":145,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-72d8-9421-34a5193511d0","La libertad",{"id":147,"sentenceTemplate":148,"displayOrder":149,"explanation":150,"exampleSentence":151,"blanks":152},"019f7f70-33af-747c-9421-34a51e945d17","Contrasta una categoría contable con una sustancia: «__1__ protegen los productos; __2__ se puede reciclar».",7,"«Los envases» generaliza en plural sobre objetos contables; «el vidrio» generaliza en singular sobre una sustancia.","Las botellas tienen tapón y el plástico puede reutilizarse.",[153,165],{"id":154,"blankNumber":9,"options":155},"019f7f70-33af-73c0-9421-34a51bda3d65",[156,159,162],{"id":157,"optionText":158,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-7368-9421-34a51b784e09","Un envase",{"id":160,"optionText":161,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7384-9421-34a51b7b7fa9","Envases",{"id":163,"optionText":164,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-73a4-9421-34a51bd7cdd5","Los envases",{"id":166,"blankNumber":33,"options":167},"019f7f70-33af-7448-9421-34a51df3eef9",[168,171,174],{"id":169,"optionText":170,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-73f0-9421-34a51c1195b5","El vidrio",{"id":172,"optionText":173,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7410-9421-34a51c776a80","Unos vidrios",{"id":175,"optionText":176,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-742c-9421-34a51d09f557","Vidrio",{"id":178,"sentenceTemplate":179,"displayOrder":180,"explanation":181,"exampleSentence":182,"blanks":183},"019f7f70-33af-7598-9421-34a521efc34a","La lista de la compra enumera cantidades no específicas. Completa: «Compramos __1__».",8,"En una enumeración de cantidades no específicas podemos omitir los artículos: «fruta, agua y pan».","Para la excursión llevamos queso, zumo y galletas.",[184],{"id":185,"blankNumber":9,"options":186},"019f7f70-33af-7564-9421-34a5216b14fb",[187,190,193],{"id":188,"optionText":189,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-74f8-9421-34a51efca4fb","la fruta, el agua y el pan",{"id":191,"optionText":192,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-751c-9421-34a51feef4e6","fruta, agua y pan",{"id":194,"optionText":195,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-7548-9421-34a520cf4e25","unas fruta, una agua y un pan",{"id":197,"sentenceTemplate":198,"displayOrder":199,"explanation":200,"exampleSentence":201,"blanks":202},"019f7f70-33af-7668-9421-34a5240a7179","Pido una bebida sin una cantidad específica de leche. Según el patrón enseñado con «sin», digo: «Tomo té sin __1__».",9,"Después de «sin» es normal omitir el artículo cuando hablamos de un ingrediente no específico: «sin leche».","Preparo la ensalada sin sal.",[203],{"id":204,"blankNumber":9,"options":205},"019f7f70-33af-7638-9421-34a5236ed8a3",[206,209,212],{"id":207,"optionText":208,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-75dc-9421-34a5228fd01c","una leche",{"id":210,"optionText":211,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-75fc-9421-34a522ccdf64","la leche",{"id":213,"optionText":214,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-7618-9421-34a52332175c","leche",{"id":216,"sentenceTemplate":217,"displayOrder":218,"explanation":219,"exampleSentence":220,"blanks":221},"019f7f70-33af-77c0-9421-34a5288d85bc","Compara dos usos del mismo sustantivo: como sustancia general, «__1__ contiene cafeína»; como cantidad no específica de una compra, «compramos __2__».",10,"La generalización lleva artículo: «el café». En la compra, «café» designa una cantidad no específica y puede ir sin artículo.","El arroz aporta energía; hoy compramos arroz.",[222,234],{"id":223,"blankNumber":9,"options":224},"019f7f70-33af-7704-9421-34a5258a4ccc",[225,228,231],{"id":226,"optionText":227,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-76a8-9421-34a52429fa98","El café",{"id":229,"optionText":230,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-76c8-9421-34a5243dc9a8","Un café",{"id":232,"optionText":233,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-76e8-9421-34a524c86daf","Cafés",{"id":235,"blankNumber":33,"options":236},"019f7f70-33af-778c-9421-34a52827acaa",[237,240,243],{"id":238,"optionText":239,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-7734-9421-34a52676f2c8","el café",{"id":241,"optionText":242,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7754-9421-34a527140985","café",{"id":244,"optionText":245,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-7770-9421-34a527313f1a","los cafés",{"id":247,"sentenceTemplate":248,"displayOrder":249,"explanation":250,"exampleSentence":251,"blanks":252},"019f7f70-33af-78ac-9421-34a52c19075a","¿Por qué pueden aparecer sin artículo «arroz, agua y pan» en una compra y «azúcar» después de «sin»? __1__.",11,"Son cantidades o ingredientes no específicos, no afirmaciones sobre toda una categoría.","«Compramos aceite» indica una cantidad; «el aceite es una grasa» generaliza.",[253],{"id":254,"blankNumber":9,"options":255},"019f7f70-33af-786c-9421-34a52b3fc2f5",[256,259,262],{"id":257,"optionText":258,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-7814-9421-34a528d52535","Porque todo sustantivo no contable rechaza el artículo.",{"id":260,"optionText":261,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7834-9421-34a529a415a7","Porque el artículo solo se usa con personas.",{"id":263,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-7854-9421-34a52a91601e","Porque no son generalizaciones, sino cantidades o ingredientes no específicos.",{"id":266,"sentenceTemplate":267,"displayOrder":268,"explanation":269,"exampleSentence":270,"blanks":271},"019f7f70-33af-7974-9421-34a52f24cc39","Elige la generalización completa y bien formada sobre una categoría: __1__.",12,"«Las plantas necesitan luz» habla de la categoría completa y conserva el artículo definido plural.","Los libros transmiten conocimientos.",[272],{"id":273,"blankNumber":9,"options":274},"019f7f70-33af-7940-9421-34a52e5b6546",[275,278,281],{"id":276,"optionText":277,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":15},"019f7f70-33af-78ec-9421-34a52cf1ead2","Las plantas necesitan luz.",{"id":279,"optionText":280,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-33af-7908-9421-34a52de15865","Plantas necesita luz.",{"id":282,"optionText":283,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019f7f70-33af-7928-9421-34a52e2d2779","Una plantas necesitan la luz.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7e4b-b1a5-7ed6-a06c-994a051cd57a_hero.webp",{"title":286,"slug":287,"language":288,"level":289},"Artículos con días, fechas y generalizaciones","articulos-con-dias-fechas-y-generalizaciones","es","A2"]