[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-019f7f70-340d-7538-a291-9a455261f988":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-019f7f70-2dd9-779d-bc56-43830db35739":331},["Reactive",4],{"id":5,"grammarPage":6,"title":7,"instructions":8,"displayOrder":9,"questions":10},"019f7f70-340d-7538-a291-9a455261f988","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-2dd9-779d-bc56-43830db35739","Información nueva, conocida y sin artículo","Usa el contexto para elegir un artículo indefinido, uno definido, la forma natural sin artículo o la posición que corresponde al significado indicado.",1,[11,45,63,81,100,119,138,157,176,195,214,233,264,293,312],{"id":12,"sentenceTemplate":13,"displayOrder":14,"explanation":15,"exampleSentence":16,"blanks":17},"019f7f70-340d-7728-a291-9a4555aa88e0","Al contar la historia por primera vez, digo: «En la calle hay __1__. __2__ es verde».",0,"Primero presentamos «bicicleta» con «una»; después ya está identificada y usamos «la».","Veo un gato. El gato duerme bajo un árbol.",[18,33],{"id":19,"blankNumber":9,"options":20},"019f7f70-340d-7648-a291-9a4553e0ecb1",[21,25,29],{"id":22,"optionText":23,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-75c8-a291-9a455263662f","una bicicleta",true,{"id":26,"optionText":27,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7600-a291-9a45529d1863","la bicicleta",false,{"id":30,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-7628-a291-9a455357dae8","un bicicleta",2,{"id":34,"blankNumber":32,"options":35},"019f7f70-340d-76ec-a291-9a45555c6c09",[36,39,42],{"id":37,"optionText":38,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-768c-a291-9a4553e830e4","Una bicicleta",{"id":40,"optionText":41,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-76ac-a291-9a45544a00d6","La bicicleta",{"id":43,"optionText":44,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-76d0-a291-9a455534d05b","El bicicleta",{"id":46,"sentenceTemplate":47,"displayOrder":9,"explanation":48,"exampleSentence":49,"blanks":50},"019f7f70-340d-781c-a291-9a4557d42b25","¿Qué contraste expresa correctamente la regla de información nueva y conocida? __1__.","«Un vecino» introduce a una persona nueva o no identificada; «el vecino» señala a una persona ya identificada.","«Una carta» presenta información nueva; «la carta» se refiere a una carta conocida.",[51],{"id":52,"blankNumber":9,"options":53},"019f7f70-340d-77e8-a291-9a455710fc06",[54,57,60],{"id":55,"optionText":56,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-7784-a291-9a45567358eb","«el vecino» presenta información nueva; «un vecino» indica información conocida",{"id":58,"optionText":59,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-77a8-a291-9a4556b879b1","las dos formas indican siempre una persona ya identificada",{"id":61,"optionText":62,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-77c8-a291-9a4556c739db","«un vecino» presenta información nueva; «el vecino» indica información conocida",{"id":64,"sentenceTemplate":65,"displayOrder":32,"explanation":66,"exampleSentence":67,"blanks":68},"019f7f70-340d-7900-a291-9a455b0ac73c","En la cafetería pido una unidad: «Quiero __1__, por favor».","Para pedir una unidad masculina no identificada usamos «un».","En el mercado digo «quiero una manzana».",[69],{"id":70,"blankNumber":9,"options":71},"019f7f70-340d-78bc-a291-9a455a15832f",[72,75,78],{"id":73,"optionText":74,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-785c-a291-9a45589c453a","una té",{"id":76,"optionText":77,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7880-a291-9a4558e6bc5f","un té",{"id":79,"optionText":80,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-78a0-a291-9a455960fa2b","unos té",{"id":82,"sentenceTemplate":83,"displayOrder":84,"explanation":85,"exampleSentence":86,"blanks":87},"019f7f70-340d-79d4-a291-9a455d8bffed","Para decir que existe un lugar no identificado cerca, digo: «Hay __1__ en esta esquina».",3,"«Una panadería» presenta por primera vez un lugar cuya identidad exacta no conocemos.","Hay una parada de autobús frente al banco.",[88],{"id":89,"blankNumber":9,"options":90},"019f7f70-340d-79a0-a291-9a455cfc7358",[91,94,97],{"id":92,"optionText":93,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-7944-a291-9a455b48232e","una panadería",{"id":95,"optionText":96,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7964-a291-9a455bfb9898","la panadería que ya conocemos",{"id":98,"optionText":99,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-7984-a291-9a455c939d27","un panadería",{"id":101,"sentenceTemplate":102,"displayOrder":103,"explanation":104,"exampleSentence":105,"blanks":106},"019f7f70-340d-7aa4-a291-9a4560091c30","Todavía no he elegido un lugar concreto: busco __1__ para esta noche.",4,"Usamos «una» porque buscamos una habitación no identificada.","Necesitan un apartamento con dos dormitorios.",[107],{"id":108,"blankNumber":9,"options":109},"019f7f70-340d-7a70-a291-9a455fc560f7",[110,113,116],{"id":111,"optionText":112,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-7a14-a291-9a455e69bd45","la habitación 204",{"id":114,"optionText":115,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7a34-a291-9a455e76a175","una habitación tranquila",{"id":117,"optionText":118,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-7a54-a291-9a455f17ebb0","un habitación tranquila",{"id":120,"sentenceTemplate":121,"displayOrder":122,"explanation":123,"exampleSentence":124,"blanks":125},"019f7f70-340d-7b78-a291-9a45628e18d9","Hay varias enfermeras en la sala y __1__ quiere hablar contigo; no sé cuál.",5,"«Una enfermera» presenta a una persona no identificada entre varias.","Un estudiante del grupo tiene una pregunta.",[126],{"id":127,"blankNumber":9,"options":128},"019f7f70-340d-7b44-a291-9a4561f9a571",[129,132,135],{"id":130,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-7ae8-a291-9a4560331b46","una enfermera",{"id":133,"optionText":134,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7b08-a291-9a45611d3f9b","la enfermera llamada Rosa",{"id":136,"optionText":137,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-7b28-a291-9a4561570e7c","un enfermera",{"id":139,"sentenceTemplate":140,"displayOrder":141,"explanation":142,"exampleSentence":143,"blanks":144},"019f7f70-340d-7c44-a291-9a456574bfdb","Hay varias chaquetas de mi talla. Quiero __1__, pero todavía no sé cuál.",6,"Sin repetir el sustantivo femenino, «una» significa una unidad dentro del grupo.","Tengo tres entradas y puedo darte una.",[145],{"id":146,"blankNumber":9,"options":147},"019f7f70-340d-7c10-a291-9a4564b5a38a",[148,151,154],{"id":149,"optionText":150,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-7bb8-a291-9a4562e36648","un",{"id":152,"optionText":153,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7bd8-a291-9a4563899777","unas",{"id":155,"optionText":156,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-7bf4-a291-9a4563c5b4e0","una",{"id":158,"sentenceTemplate":159,"displayOrder":160,"explanation":161,"exampleSentence":162,"blanks":163},"019f7f70-340d-7d20-a291-9a456840d997","No importa qué coche venga; para ir a la estación necesito __1__.",7,"«Un taxi» indica cualquier taxi adecuado, sin identificar uno concreto.","Busco un cajero automático por esta zona.",[164],{"id":165,"blankNumber":9,"options":166},"019f7f70-340d-7cec-a291-9a4567eae4e3",[167,170,173],{"id":168,"optionText":169,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-7c90-a291-9a456629b488","el taxi de Marcos",{"id":171,"optionText":172,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7cb0-a291-9a4566ef3555","un taxi",{"id":174,"optionText":175,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-7cd0-a291-9a45670533a9","una taxi",{"id":177,"sentenceTemplate":178,"displayOrder":179,"explanation":180,"exampleSentence":181,"blanks":182},"019f7f70-340d-7dec-a291-9a456a7ced0e","La ventana de la cocina ya está identificada. Por eso digo: «Cierra __1__».",8,"Usamos el artículo definido «la» porque sabemos exactamente qué ventana es.","Abre la puerta del dormitorio, por favor.",[183],{"id":184,"blankNumber":9,"options":185},"019f7f70-340d-7db8-a291-9a456a264e1a",[186,189,192],{"id":187,"optionText":188,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-7d60-a291-9a4568c6a24f","la ventana",{"id":190,"optionText":191,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7d80-a291-9a4568ef1664","una ventana cualquiera",{"id":193,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-7d9c-a291-9a4569637e11","un ventana",{"id":196,"sentenceTemplate":197,"displayOrder":198,"explanation":199,"exampleSentence":200,"blanks":201},"019f7f70-340d-7ebc-a291-9a456d1469e3","Para indicar solamente mi profesión, digo «Soy __1__».",9,"Después de «ser», cuando solo identificamos la profesión, no usamos artículo indefinido.","Mi hermana es arquitecta.",[202],{"id":203,"blankNumber":9,"options":204},"019f7f70-340d-7e88-a291-9a456cf04beb",[205,208,211],{"id":206,"optionText":207,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-7e2c-a291-9a456b19a0ed","un estudiante",{"id":209,"optionText":210,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7e4c-a291-9a456bc231a0","estudiante",{"id":212,"optionText":213,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-7e68-a291-9a456c64905e","uno estudiante",{"id":215,"sentenceTemplate":216,"displayOrder":217,"explanation":218,"exampleSentence":219,"blanks":220},"019f7f70-340d-7f88-a291-9a456ef3218f","En la ampliación de la lección añadimos una descripción y presentamos a Marta como una profesional destacada: «Marta es __1__».",10,"Al añadir «excelente», la ampliación permite usar el artículo: «una médica excelente». Sin descripción y solo para indicar la profesión, decimos «Marta es médica».","Raúl es un profesor excelente.",[221],{"id":222,"blankNumber":9,"options":223},"019f7f70-340d-7f54-a291-9a456e781c75",[224,227,230],{"id":225,"optionText":226,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340d-7efc-a291-9a456d92bdf9","una médica excelente",{"id":228,"optionText":229,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340d-7f1c-a291-9a456da07e0a","un médica excelente",{"id":231,"optionText":232,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340d-7f38-a291-9a456e262a9c","una médico excelente",{"id":234,"sentenceTemplate":235,"displayOrder":236,"explanation":237,"exampleSentence":238,"blanks":239},"019f7f70-340e-716f-8296-f5368d51e7f2","Para una comida sin cantidades concretas, decimos «Compramos __1__ y llevamos __2__».",11,"Con comida y sustancias en cantidad no concreta omitimos el artículo: «pan» y «agua».","Necesito arroz y leche para esta receta.",[240,252],{"id":241,"blankNumber":9,"options":242},"019f7f70-340e-709b-8296-f5368a11191e",[243,246,249],{"id":244,"optionText":245,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340e-702b-8296-f53688260003","un pan",{"id":247,"optionText":248,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340e-7053-8296-f53688b879e0","pan",{"id":250,"optionText":251,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340e-707b-8296-f536897c36ff","unos pan",{"id":253,"blankNumber":32,"options":254},"019f7f70-340e-713b-8296-f5368c98da4e",[255,258,261],{"id":256,"optionText":257,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340e-70d3-8296-f5368a666a0f","agua",{"id":259,"optionText":260,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340e-70ff-8296-f5368b40124e","una agua",{"id":262,"optionText":263,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340e-711f-8296-f5368bd8b1d0","unas agua",{"id":265,"sentenceTemplate":266,"displayOrder":267,"explanation":268,"exampleSentence":269,"blanks":270},"019f7f70-340e-72db-8296-f53692aad73a","Según la ampliación, para hablar de un hombre destacado decimos __1__; para hablar de un hombre de gran tamaño decimos __2__.",12,"«Un gran hombre» significa un hombre destacado; «un hombre grande» describe su tamaño.","El director es un gran hombre por su trabajo; el actor es un hombre grande y alto.",[271,283],{"id":272,"blankNumber":9,"options":273},"019f7f70-340e-721f-8296-f5368f16881e",[274,277,280],{"id":275,"optionText":276,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340e-71c7-8296-f5368e486de1","un hombre grande",{"id":278,"optionText":279,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340e-71e7-8296-f5368e5862db","un gran hombre",{"id":281,"optionText":282,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340e-7203-8296-f5368f120fa1","un hombre gran",{"id":284,"blankNumber":32,"options":285},"019f7f70-340e-72a7-8296-f53691d7d24b",[286,288,291],{"id":287,"optionText":279,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340e-7253-8296-f5369002f7ce",{"id":289,"optionText":290,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340e-726f-8296-f536906bff57","un grande hombre",{"id":292,"optionText":276,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340e-728b-8296-f5369169029b",{"id":294,"sentenceTemplate":295,"displayOrder":296,"explanation":297,"exampleSentence":298,"blanks":299},"019f7f70-340e-741b-8296-f536941d1ab3","Para expresar existencia general, sin destacar una cantidad, digo «Hay __1__ cerca».",13,"Con un plural sin cantidad concreta después de «hay», podemos omitir el artículo.","Hay bancos en el centro.",[300],{"id":301,"blankNumber":9,"options":302},"019f7f70-340e-73c7-8296-f53693dd40f2",[303,306,309],{"id":304,"optionText":305,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340e-7333-8296-f53693284ea0","una tiendas",{"id":307,"optionText":308,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340e-736f-8296-f5369364f418","tiendas",{"id":310,"optionText":311,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340e-739f-8296-f53693b852cb","un tiendas",{"id":313,"sentenceTemplate":314,"displayOrder":315,"explanation":316,"exampleSentence":317,"blanks":318},"019f7f70-340e-756b-8296-f5369621566e","Quiero destacar que hay algunas librerías, un grupo pequeño. La forma adecuada es __1__.",14,"«Unas librerías» presenta un grupo pequeño; el plural sin artículo también puede indicar existencia, pero no destaca ese matiz.","Hay unos libros sobre la mesa: son algunos, no sabemos cuántos.",[319],{"id":320,"blankNumber":9,"options":321},"019f7f70-340e-7533-8296-f53695fa6899",[322,325,328],{"id":323,"optionText":324,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-340e-74c7-8296-f536947f8f0d","Hay unos librerías cerca",{"id":326,"optionText":327,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-340e-74f3-8296-f53694b90aa2","Hay una librerías cerca",{"id":329,"optionText":330,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-340e-7513-8296-f536959b9dce","Hay unas librerías cerca",{"title":332,"slug":333,"language":334},"Artículos indefinidos: un, una, unos y unas","articulos-indefinidos-un-una-unos-y-unas","es"]