[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-019f7f70-4172-7607-905f-8085a967ce35":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-019f7f70-2efb-7f34-83ec-775a09852395":242},["Reactive",4],{"id":5,"grammarPage":6,"title":7,"instructions":8,"displayOrder":9,"type":10,"questions":11,"ogImageUrl":241},"019f7f70-4172-7607-905f-8085a967ce35","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-2efb-7f34-83ec-775a09852395","Existencia y disponibilidad con hay","Elige hay cuando el contexto presenta por primera vez algo no identificado o pregunta si existe o está disponible.",0,"word_select",[12,34,52,68,86,105,121,148,164,180,199,215],{"id":13,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":9,"explanation":15,"exampleSentence":16,"blanks":17},"019fc2c5-409b-7e8f-bdb3-02853e371bce","Nadie ha mencionado una panadería concreta. ¿Qué oración presenta por primera vez que existe una en el barrio? __1__.","«Hay una panadería» presenta por primera vez un lugar no identificado. «La panadería está...» localizaría una panadería ya conocida y «la panadería es...» la describiría.","Al llegar a otra calle, decimos «hay una floristería nueva» para presentar su existencia.",[18],{"id":19,"blankNumber":20,"options":21},"019fc2c5-409b-7dff-bdb3-02853daebac3",1,[22,26,30],{"id":23,"optionText":24,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409b-7cf3-bdb3-02853b663670","La panadería está en la esquina",false,{"id":27,"optionText":28,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409b-7d6b-bdb3-02853bdcc9a9","Hay una panadería",true,{"id":31,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409b-7db7-bdb3-02853cb93a89","Está una panadería en la esquina",2,{"id":35,"sentenceTemplate":36,"displayOrder":20,"explanation":37,"exampleSentence":38,"blanks":39},"019fc2c5-409c-70cd-8a3f-0c371a3908e6","No localizo ascensores ya conocidos; informo cuántos existen en el edificio: «__1__ tres ascensores».","Un número presenta la existencia de elementos no identificados, por eso usamos «hay».","En recepción hay mucha actividad esta mañana.",[40],{"id":41,"blankNumber":20,"options":42},"019fc2c5-409c-7055-8a3f-0c371a0f7229",[43,46,49],{"id":44,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409b-7f27-bdb3-02853e79a22d","Están",{"id":47,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409b-7f6b-bdb3-02853f6df179","Han",{"id":50,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-700d-8a3f-0c37196b36b9","Hay",{"id":53,"sentenceTemplate":54,"displayOrder":33,"explanation":55,"exampleSentence":56,"blanks":57},"019fc2c5-409c-7291-8a3f-0c371b8fffb8","El grupo todavía no está identificado. Para anunciar su presencia digo: «__1__ muchas personas esperando».","Con un cuantificador y un grupo nuevo usamos «hay»: «hay muchas personas».","En el jardín hay pocos bancos.",[58],{"id":59,"blankNumber":20,"options":60},"019fc2c5-409c-721d-8a3f-0c371b6c7081",[61,63,65],{"id":62,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-7159-8a3f-0c371ae92208",{"id":64,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-7199-8a3f-0c371afe9b4e",{"id":66,"optionText":67,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-71dd-8a3f-0c371b4f63fa","Son",{"id":69,"sentenceTemplate":70,"displayOrder":71,"explanation":72,"exampleSentence":73,"blanks":74},"019fc2c5-409c-7455-8a3f-0c371e09a9e4","Pregunto por la disponibilidad general, sin señalar una botella concreta: «¿__1__ agua potable aquí?».",3,"Con un sustantivo sin artículo preguntamos si existe o está disponible: «¿Hay agua potable?».","En la cocina hay café para todas las personas.",[75],{"id":76,"blankNumber":20,"options":77},"019fc2c5-409c-73dd-8a3f-0c371d4c4ff7",[78,81,84],{"id":79,"optionText":80,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-7319-8a3f-0c371c57dac2","Está",{"id":82,"optionText":83,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-735d-8a3f-0c371c7460cd","Es",{"id":85,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-73a1-8a3f-0c371cc01fba",{"id":87,"sentenceTemplate":88,"displayOrder":89,"explanation":90,"exampleSentence":91,"blanks":92},"019fc2c5-409c-75a1-8a3f-0c371fd7aac2","La calle no tiene ningún cajero y no hablamos de uno concreto: «No __1__ cajeros cerca».",4,"Para expresar que no existe ninguno usamos «no hay»; «hay» no cambia en plural.","Hoy no hay electricidad en el edificio.",[93],{"id":94,"blankNumber":20,"options":95},"019fc2c5-409c-7561-8a3f-0c371f81688d",[96,99,102],{"id":97,"optionText":98,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-74e1-8a3f-0c371e7bdbc5","están",{"id":100,"optionText":101,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-750d-8a3f-0c371eb11c22","hay",{"id":103,"optionText":104,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-7531-8a3f-0c371f456894","han",{"id":106,"sentenceTemplate":107,"displayOrder":108,"explanation":109,"exampleSentence":110,"blanks":111},"019fc2c5-409c-7689-8a3f-0c3722d9f3cd","En el patio ves primero una bicicleta y después varias mesas. Completa: «Aquí __1__ una bicicleta y seis mesas».",5,"Usamos la misma forma, «hay», para presentar una cosa y varias cosas nuevas.","En la plaza hay un banco y hay tres árboles.",[112],{"id":113,"blankNumber":20,"options":114},"019fc2c5-409c-764d-8a3f-0c3721e95b19",[115,117,119],{"id":116,"optionText":98,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-75ed-8a3f-0c372070908c",{"id":118,"optionText":101,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-760d-8a3f-0c372093a724",{"id":120,"optionText":104,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-762d-8a3f-0c372103eba4",{"id":122,"sentenceTemplate":123,"displayOrder":124,"explanation":125,"exampleSentence":126,"blanks":127},"019fc2c5-409c-77f5-8a3f-0c3727de09ed","Todavía no conocemos ningún cajero concreto. Pregunto si existe uno: «¿__1__ un cajero por aquí?». La respuesta afirmativa es «Sí, __2__ uno».",6,"La pregunta de existencia y su respuesta usan «hay»: «¿Hay…?» \u002F «Sí, hay…».","¿Hay una parada cerca? Sí, hay una frente al parque.",[128,138],{"id":129,"blankNumber":20,"options":130},"019fc2c5-409c-7731-8a3f-0c3724adf785",[131,133,135],{"id":132,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-76d1-8a3f-0c3723b1ceae",{"id":134,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-76f1-8a3f-0c37241dac06",{"id":136,"optionText":137,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-7711-8a3f-0c372422d437","Hayan",{"id":139,"blankNumber":33,"options":140},"019fc2c5-409c-77bd-8a3f-0c372797f8ad",[141,143,145],{"id":142,"optionText":101,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-7765-8a3f-0c37259faab4",{"id":144,"optionText":104,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-7785-8a3f-0c3726689750",{"id":146,"optionText":147,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-77a1-8a3f-0c37271f577c","hayan",{"id":149,"sentenceTemplate":150,"displayOrder":151,"explanation":152,"exampleSentence":153,"blanks":154},"019fc2c5-409c-78e9-8a3f-0c372ab3aba3","En la oficina preguntas qué hay para las visitas. Completa: «__1__ unos folletos, cuatro mapas, mucha luz y café».",7,"Con «hay» podemos presentar un indefinido, un número, un cuantificador y un sustantivo sin artículo.","En la recepción hay unas revistas, dos sillas, mucha gente y agua.",[155],{"id":156,"blankNumber":20,"options":157},"019fc2c5-409c-78b1-8a3f-0c372a7a4df4",[158,160,162],{"id":159,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-784d-8a3f-0c3728d8be9a",{"id":161,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-7871-8a3f-0c37298f09aa",{"id":163,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-7891-8a3f-0c372a4dc09e",{"id":165,"sentenceTemplate":166,"displayOrder":167,"explanation":168,"exampleSentence":169,"blanks":170},"019fc2c5-409c-79d1-8a3f-0c372e9787b8","En la biblioteca ves muchos libros que se pueden usar. Completa: «__1__ quince libros libres en esta mesa».",8,"«Hay» no cambia con el número: también usamos «hay» con quince libros.","En el aula hay un ordenador libre y hay diez cuadernos.",[171],{"id":172,"blankNumber":20,"options":173},"019fc2c5-409c-7999-8a3f-0c372daaf30d",[174,176,178],{"id":175,"optionText":137,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-7939-8a3f-0c372b4a39f2",{"id":177,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-795d-8a3f-0c372c06fbdb",{"id":179,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-7979-8a3f-0c372cee8309",{"id":181,"sentenceTemplate":182,"displayOrder":183,"explanation":184,"exampleSentence":185,"blanks":186},"019fc2c5-409c-7aad-8a3f-0c373127ab96","La oración «Hay una bicicleta en el patio» cumple principalmente la función de __1__.",9,"La bicicleta se presenta como información nueva; la oración afirma que existe allí.","«Hay un paquete en recepción» anuncia la existencia de un paquete.",[187],{"id":188,"blankNumber":20,"options":189},"019fc2c5-409c-7a75-8a3f-0c37310e62b0",[190,193,196],{"id":191,"optionText":192,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-7a15-8a3f-0c372f974aa5","localizar una bicicleta que todos conocen",{"id":194,"optionText":195,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-7a39-8a3f-0c372ff8852e","identificar el nombre de una persona",{"id":197,"optionText":198,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-7a55-8a3f-0c3730f4005e","presentar la existencia de algo no identificado",{"id":200,"sentenceTemplate":201,"displayOrder":202,"explanation":203,"exampleSentence":204,"blanks":205},"019fc2c5-409c-7b81-8a3f-0c3732e088c5","No doy un número exacto ni identifico bicicletas concretas. Para anunciar disponibilidad digo: «En el patio __1__ bicicletas libres».",10,"Un plural sin artículo puede presentar existencia o disponibilidad con «hay».","En la sala hay revistas para leer.",[206],{"id":207,"blankNumber":20,"options":208},"019fc2c5-409c-7b49-8a3f-0c3732a651f0",[209,211,213],{"id":210,"optionText":104,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-7af1-8a3f-0c3731c1b767",{"id":212,"optionText":101,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-7b11-8a3f-0c3731e348d5",{"id":214,"optionText":147,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-7b2d-8a3f-0c373252b88e",{"id":216,"sentenceTemplate":217,"displayOrder":218,"explanation":219,"exampleSentence":220,"blanks":221},"019fc2c5-409c-7cf9-8a3f-0c3737c1d5cc","Al llegar a una plaza, presentas una farmacia; después señalas esa farmacia ya conocida. Completa: «En la plaza __1__ una farmacia. La farmacia __2__ junto al banco».",11,"«Hay» presenta por primera vez una farmacia; después «está» indica dónde se encuentra la farmacia conocida.","Hay unas maletas; las maletas están en el pasillo.",[222,232],{"id":223,"blankNumber":20,"options":224},"019fc2c5-409c-7c25-8a3f-0c37350953d4",[225,228,230],{"id":226,"optionText":227,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-7bc5-8a3f-0c3733981b3b","está",{"id":229,"optionText":101,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-7be5-8a3f-0c373445b0ec",{"id":231,"optionText":104,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-7c01-8a3f-0c37345ee407",{"id":233,"blankNumber":33,"options":234},"019fc2c5-409c-7cc1-8a3f-0c37379a2207",[235,237,239],{"id":236,"optionText":101,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-409c-7c59-8a3f-0c3735abc4c4",{"id":238,"optionText":98,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":20},"019fc2c5-409c-7c79-8a3f-0c37361529f8",{"id":240,"optionText":227,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-409c-7ca5-8a3f-0c3737104e77","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7e4c-10b5-7cab-b414-2afd7f32a1e3_hero.webp",{"title":243,"slug":244,"language":245,"level":246},"hay y estar para expresar existencia y ubicación","hay-y-estar-para-expresar-existencia-y-ubicacion","es","A1"]