[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-019f7f70-4f0d-7a68-8426-c05438203b14":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-019f7f70-3025-71fd-bcb5-0d269a49e923":295},["Reactive",4],{"id":5,"grammarPage":6,"title":7,"instructions":8,"displayOrder":9,"type":10,"questions":11,"ogImageUrl":294},"019f7f70-4f0d-7a68-8426-c05438203b14","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-3025-71fd-bcb5-0d269a49e923","Presentar y localizar","Decide si la situación presenta algo con hay o localiza un elemento conocido con estar. Atiende también al singular, plural y a la persona.",1,"word_select",[12,34,62,87,131,155,174,193,212,231,250,269],{"id":13,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":15,"explanation":16,"exampleSentence":17,"blanks":18},"019fc2c5-56bf-7059-9b40-d467714581b6","Ya sabes dónde están Ana y Luis: cerca de la puerta. Completa: «Ana y Luis __1__ cerca de la puerta». ",0,"Ana y Luis son dos personas conocidas, por eso los localizamos con «están».","El cuadro está junto a la puerta; los cuadros están junto a la ventana.",[19],{"id":20,"blankNumber":9,"options":21},"019fc2c5-56be-7f53-a33d-1ceaa387f080",[22,26,30],{"id":23,"optionText":24,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56be-7e13-a33d-1ceaa1296455","está",false,{"id":27,"optionText":28,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56be-7ea7-a33d-1ceaa2001771","están",true,{"id":31,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56be-7f03-a33d-1ceaa28f713e","hay",2,{"id":35,"sentenceTemplate":36,"displayOrder":9,"explanation":37,"exampleSentence":38,"blanks":39},"019fc2c5-56bf-73ad-9b40-d46775ccbfa3","Presentamos elementos por primera vez: __1__ una salida de emergencia y __2__ dos ascensores.","«Hay» no cambia con el número: usamos la misma forma con «una salida» y con «dos ascensores».","Hay una ventana y hay cuatro sillas en la sala.",[40,52],{"id":41,"blankNumber":9,"options":42},"019fc2c5-56bf-71ed-9b40-d467731f0c59",[43,46,49],{"id":44,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56bf-7111-9b40-d467723709b0","Está",{"id":47,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56bf-7159-9b40-d467727bdf4c","Hay",{"id":50,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56bf-71a9-9b40-d46772de0efb","Hayan",{"id":53,"blankNumber":33,"options":54},"019fc2c5-56bf-7335-9b40-d467759fe2e8",[55,57,59],{"id":56,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56bf-7261-9b40-d46773c140e9",{"id":58,"optionText":28,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56bf-72a5-9b40-d46774483d1c",{"id":60,"optionText":61,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56bf-72f1-9b40-d46774cc7add","hayan",{"id":63,"sentenceTemplate":64,"displayOrder":33,"explanation":65,"exampleSentence":66,"blanks":67},"019fc2c5-56bf-7759-9b40-d4677ac473c6","Llegas a un barrio nuevo y buscas una lavandería. Primero preguntas si existe; después, cuando te dicen que sí, preguntas por su lugar: «¿__1__ una lavandería?» y «¿Dónde __2__ la lavandería?».","«¿Hay...?» pregunta si existe una lavandería. Cuando ya se conoce, «¿dónde está...?» pregunta por su lugar.","¿Hay un cajero? ¿Dónde está el cajero?",[68,78],{"id":69,"blankNumber":9,"options":70},"019fc2c5-56bf-757d-9b40-d4677833e73b",[71,73,75],{"id":72,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56bf-7479-9b40-d46776bddfea",{"id":74,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56bf-74f1-9b40-d46777335bdd",{"id":76,"optionText":77,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56bf-753d-9b40-d4677755a830","Están",{"id":79,"blankNumber":33,"options":80},"019fc2c5-56bf-76c1-9b40-d4677a8e30a8",[81,83,85],{"id":82,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56bf-75f9-9b40-d46778cd8d29",{"id":84,"optionText":28,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56bf-7641-9b40-d467797c97ac",{"id":86,"optionText":24,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56bf-7681-9b40-d467799b09a6",{"id":88,"sentenceTemplate":89,"displayOrder":90,"explanation":91,"exampleSentence":92,"blanks":93},"019fc2c5-56bf-7d2d-9b40-d467840f86e6","Un guía presenta primero los elementos y después vuelve a localizarlos: __1__ un quiosco; el quiosco __2__ junto a la entrada. __3__ dos fuentes; las fuentes __4__ en medio del patio.",3,"Usamos «hay» al presentar cada elemento. Después, los nombres identificados «el quiosco» y «las fuentes» requieren «está» y «están».","Hay una estatua en el vestíbulo; la estatua está delante de las escaleras.",[94,103,112,121],{"id":95,"blankNumber":9,"options":96},"019fc2c5-56bf-78f1-9b40-d4677c5fc068",[97,99,101],{"id":98,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56bf-7819-9b40-d4677b62a86d",{"id":100,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56bf-7869-9b40-d4677b71794c",{"id":102,"optionText":77,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56bf-78ad-9b40-d4677c594867",{"id":104,"blankNumber":33,"options":105},"019fc2c5-56bf-7a35-9b40-d4677f1336a8",[106,108,110],{"id":107,"optionText":24,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56bf-7961-9b40-d4677d3fa5c3",{"id":109,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56bf-79a5-9b40-d4677e08a6cf",{"id":111,"optionText":28,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56bf-79f1-9b40-d4677ea7b5ea",{"id":113,"blankNumber":90,"options":114},"019fc2c5-56bf-7b6d-9b40-d46780f4e308",[115,117,119],{"id":116,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56bf-7aa5-9b40-d4677f848961",{"id":118,"optionText":77,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56bf-7ae9-9b40-d4677ffa8635",{"id":120,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56bf-7b2d-9b40-d467806f0a3a",{"id":122,"blankNumber":123,"options":124},"019fc2c5-56bf-7cb5-9b40-d46783998737",4,[125,127,129],{"id":126,"optionText":28,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56bf-7be9-9b40-d46781ba9569",{"id":128,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56bf-7c2d-9b40-d467823abee6",{"id":130,"optionText":24,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56bf-7c75-9b40-d46783322e61",{"id":132,"sentenceTemplate":133,"displayOrder":123,"explanation":134,"exampleSentence":135,"blanks":136},"019fc2c5-56c0-715c-b0ab-cbb8e92004e3","Miras un mapa por primera vez: __1__ una librería al lado del mercado. Ahora hablas de esa librería: la librería __2__ al lado del mercado.","Con «hay» presentas una librería nueva. Con «está» localizas la librería que ya has mencionado.","Hay un puente; el puente está cerca.",[137,146],{"id":138,"blankNumber":9,"options":139},"019fc2c5-56bf-7f39-9b40-d4678591b820",[140,142,144],{"id":141,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56bf-7e55-9b40-d4678463bee0",{"id":143,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56bf-7e99-9b40-d467850aa13f",{"id":145,"optionText":77,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56bf-7ee5-9b40-d467857fedd5",{"id":147,"blankNumber":33,"options":148},"019fc2c5-56c0-70e0-b0ab-cbb8e8edefc7",[149,151,153],{"id":150,"optionText":24,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56c0-7010-b0ab-cbb8e78087d0",{"id":152,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56c0-7060-b0ab-cbb8e79bc826",{"id":154,"optionText":28,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56c0-70a0-b0ab-cbb8e887354b",{"id":156,"sentenceTemplate":157,"displayOrder":158,"explanation":159,"exampleSentence":160,"blanks":161},"019fc2c5-56c0-7358-b0ab-cbb8ec844ebb","El inventario presenta por primera vez tres sillas en la sala. ¿Qué frase corrige el error «Hayan tres sillas»? __1__.",5,"«Hay» es invariable: decimos «Hay tres sillas», no «Hayan tres sillas».","Hay cinco lámparas en el pasillo.",[162],{"id":163,"blankNumber":9,"options":164},"019fc2c5-56c0-72e0-b0ab-cbb8ebb3d8fb",[165,168,171],{"id":166,"optionText":167,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56c0-7218-b0ab-cbb8e9f86818","Hay tres silla en la sala",{"id":169,"optionText":170,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56c0-7260-b0ab-cbb8ea8fcf1e","Hayan tres sillas en la sala",{"id":172,"optionText":173,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56c0-72a0-b0ab-cbb8eb0140f0","Hay tres sillas en la sala",{"id":175,"sentenceTemplate":176,"displayOrder":177,"explanation":178,"exampleSentence":179,"blanks":180},"019fc2c5-56c0-7520-b0ab-cbb8eebbfeff","El botiquín ya está identificado. Según el plano escrito, ocupa el espacio bajo el mostrador. A «¿Dónde está el botiquín?» respondemos: __1__.",6,"La pregunta localiza un objeto singular y conocido, así que usamos «está» y la relación «debajo del mostrador».","¿Dónde está la maleta? Está detrás de la puerta.",[181],{"id":182,"blankNumber":9,"options":183},"019fc2c5-56c0-74cc-b0ab-cbb8eeae0f13",[184,187,190],{"id":185,"optionText":186,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56c0-73e4-b0ab-cbb8ed791431","Hay debajo del mostrador",{"id":188,"optionText":189,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56c0-7428-b0ab-cbb8eda5ea6e","Están debajo del mostrador",{"id":191,"optionText":192,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56c0-7470-b0ab-cbb8ee1b6bd2","Está debajo del mostrador",{"id":194,"sentenceTemplate":195,"displayOrder":196,"explanation":197,"exampleSentence":198,"blanks":199},"019fc2c5-56c0-7614-b0ab-cbb8efc6cd07","Los músicos ya están identificados. El programa dice que se encuentran en el interior del teatro. A «¿Dónde están los músicos?» respondemos: __1__.",7,"«Los músicos» es plural y conocido: usamos «están dentro del teatro».","¿Dónde están los documentos? Están encima de la mesa.",[200],{"id":201,"blankNumber":9,"options":202},"019fc2c5-56c0-75d8-b0ab-cbb8efa7c90d",[203,206,209],{"id":204,"optionText":205,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56c0-7570-b0ab-cbb8eec4cdbe","Está dentro del teatro",{"id":207,"optionText":208,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56c0-7594-b0ab-cbb8ef30d5e8","Hay dentro del teatro",{"id":210,"optionText":211,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56c0-75b8-b0ab-cbb8ef3df540","Están dentro del teatro",{"id":213,"sentenceTemplate":214,"displayOrder":215,"explanation":216,"exampleSentence":217,"blanks":218},"019fc2c5-56c0-7710-b0ab-cbb8f2d2a50c","Una viajera no sabe si existe un baño en la zona y quiere preguntar por existencia: __1__.",8,"Como el baño todavía no está identificado, la pregunta de existencia usa «hay».","¿Hay una parada de autobús cerca?",[219],{"id":220,"blankNumber":9,"options":221},"019fc2c5-56c0-76d4-b0ab-cbb8f1db777a",[222,225,228],{"id":223,"optionText":224,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56c0-7660-b0ab-cbb8f0a0dc84","¿Dónde está el baño?",{"id":226,"optionText":227,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56c0-7690-b0ab-cbb8f0a10607","¿Hay un baño cerca?",{"id":229,"optionText":230,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56c0-76b4-b0ab-cbb8f0e4dac8","¿Están un baño cerca?",{"id":232,"sentenceTemplate":233,"displayOrder":234,"explanation":235,"exampleSentence":236,"blanks":237},"019fc2c5-56c0-77f0-b0ab-cbb8f57ec475","Un grupo llama por teléfono y pregunta «¿Dónde estáis?». Hablamos como «nosotros» y estamos frente al ayuntamiento, al otro lado de la calle: __1__.",9,"Para localizar a «nosotros» usamos «estamos»: «Estamos enfrente del ayuntamiento».","Estamos junto a la entrada del parque.",[238],{"id":239,"blankNumber":9,"options":240},"019fc2c5-56c0-77b8-b0ab-cbb8f4d521f2",[241,244,247],{"id":242,"optionText":243,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56c0-7758-b0ab-cbb8f31e154b","Hay enfrente del ayuntamiento",{"id":245,"optionText":246,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56c0-777c-b0ab-cbb8f414ab18","Están enfrente del ayuntamiento",{"id":248,"optionText":249,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56c0-7798-b0ab-cbb8f4c53eeb","Estamos enfrente del ayuntamiento",{"id":251,"sentenceTemplate":252,"displayOrder":253,"explanation":254,"exampleSentence":255,"blanks":256},"019fc2c5-56c0-78d8-b0ab-cbb8f7bdd11a","Elige la respuesta coherente a esta pregunta de existencia: «¿Hay una cafetería en el edificio?» —__1__.",10,"La pregunta usa «hay», por eso una respuesta afirmativa puede presentar el lugar con «Sí, hay una en la planta baja».","—¿Hay una farmacia en esta calle? —Sí, hay una junto al banco.",[257],{"id":258,"blankNumber":9,"options":259},"019fc2c5-56c0-7898-b0ab-cbb8f6e405e8",[260,263,266],{"id":261,"optionText":262,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56c0-783c-b0ab-cbb8f631822d","Sí, hayan una en la planta baja",{"id":264,"optionText":265,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56c0-785c-b0ab-cbb8f6698191","Sí, hay una en la planta baja",{"id":267,"optionText":268,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56c0-787c-b0ab-cbb8f6733220","Sí, están una en la planta baja",{"id":270,"sentenceTemplate":271,"displayOrder":272,"explanation":273,"exampleSentence":274,"blanks":275},"019fc2c5-56c0-7a60-b0ab-cbb8fc937c1e","En recepción ves dos mapas por primera vez: «__1__ dos mapas». Después preguntas por ellos: «¿Dónde __2__ los mapas?».",11,"«Hay» presenta los dos mapas. Cuando ya son conocidos, «están» los localiza en plural.","Hay dos mapas en recepción; los mapas están junto a la puerta.",[276,285],{"id":277,"blankNumber":9,"options":278},"019fc2c5-56c0-7980-b0ab-cbb8fa1119e6",[279,281,283],{"id":280,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56c0-791c-b0ab-cbb8f80a0c47",{"id":282,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56c0-7940-b0ab-cbb8f8438e98",{"id":284,"optionText":77,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56c0-7960-b0ab-cbb8f914ba97",{"id":286,"blankNumber":33,"options":287},"019fc2c5-56c0-7a24-b0ab-cbb8fc6d21d6",[288,290,292],{"id":289,"optionText":24,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c5-56c0-79b8-b0ab-cbb8fa763391",{"id":291,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":25,"displayOrder":9},"019fc2c5-56c0-79d8-b0ab-cbb8fb1892be",{"id":293,"optionText":28,"isCorrect":29,"displayOrder":33},"019fc2c5-56c0-79f8-b0ab-cbb8fbc67213","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7e4c-378c-75a1-8213-97da9cc954e4_hero.webp",{"title":296,"slug":297,"language":298,"level":299},"Preposiciones de lugar","preposiciones-de-lugar","es","A1"]