[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-019f7f70-71db-7bca-ac9a-10b139953e5c":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-019f7f70-68ed-7594-b9b7-f77d64615a30":604},["Reactive",4],{"id":5,"grammarPage":6,"title":7,"instructions":8,"displayOrder":9,"questions":10},"019f7f70-71db-7bca-ac9a-10b139953e5c","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-68ed-7594-b9b7-f77d64615a30","Construire les lectures des noms propres","Complétez chaque analyse en choisissant le déterminant, la majuscule et le nombre qui construisent la lecture demandée du nom propre.",1,[11,58,106,136,187,225,268,307,338,380,409,452,482,512,549],{"id":12,"sentenceTemplate":13,"displayOrder":14,"explanation":15,"exampleSentence":16,"blanks":17},"019f7f70-71db-7e42-ac9a-10b140d81636","L’autodétermination permet normalement d’identifier sans article un prénom, un patronyme et une ville : __1__ ; __2__ ; __3__.",0,"La valeur identificatrice de « Nora », « Durand » et « Paris » rend inutile l’opposition ordinaire entre un référent indéfini et défini.","Nora arrive ; Durand a répondu ; Paris change.",[18,33,45],{"id":19,"blankNumber":9,"options":20},"019f7f70-71db-7cce-ac9a-10b13ad4a29f",[21,25,29],{"id":22,"optionText":23,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71db-7c4e-ac9a-10b13a1e8118","La Nora du village arrive.",false,{"id":26,"optionText":27,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71db-7c86-ac9a-10b13a531899","Nora arrive.",true,{"id":30,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71db-7caa-ac9a-10b13ab3e219","Une Nora inattendue arrive.",2,{"id":34,"blankNumber":32,"options":35},"019f7f70-71db-7d7a-ac9a-10b13de280da",[36,39,42],{"id":37,"optionText":38,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71db-7d1a-ac9a-10b13b340ed0","Le Durand que je connaissais a répondu.",{"id":40,"optionText":41,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71db-7d3e-ac9a-10b13c057c15","Un Durand a répondu parmi plusieurs homonymes.",{"id":43,"optionText":44,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71db-7d5e-ac9a-10b13ce7bc89","Durand a répondu.",{"id":46,"blankNumber":47,"options":48},"019f7f70-71db-7e0a-ac9a-10b1408ec91f",3,[49,52,55],{"id":50,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71db-7dae-ac9a-10b13edeb170","Paris change.",{"id":53,"optionText":54,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71db-7dce-ac9a-10b13fb7bf86","Le Paris des années 1920 change.",{"id":56,"optionText":57,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71db-7dee-ac9a-10b1404aa9cc","Un Paris nocturne apparaît.",{"id":59,"sentenceTemplate":60,"displayOrder":9,"explanation":61,"exampleSentence":62,"blanks":63},"019f7f70-71dc-7150-907f-69546b927a72","Les toponymes s’apprennent avec leur construction usuelle : __1__, __2__ et __3__ prennent un article ; __4__ s’emploie généralement sans article.","L’autodétermination ne supprime pas les articles lexicalement associés à certains pays. Les villes et quelques îles comme Chypre suivent une autre construction.","La France, le Brésil et les Pays-Bas ; Paris ou Chypre.",[64,76,86,96],{"id":65,"blankNumber":9,"options":66},"019f7f70-71db-7f0e-ac9a-10b143a3242e",[67,70,73],{"id":68,"optionText":69,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71db-7eb2-ac9a-10b1415612fc","Paris",{"id":71,"optionText":72,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71db-7ed2-ac9a-10b141f65627","la France",{"id":74,"optionText":75,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71db-7ef2-ac9a-10b142a71adb","Chypre",{"id":77,"blankNumber":32,"options":78},"019f7f70-71db-7f96-ac9a-10b145b3377d",[79,81,83],{"id":80,"optionText":69,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71db-7f42-ac9a-10b143f99429",{"id":82,"optionText":75,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71db-7f5e-ac9a-10b144829c7c",{"id":84,"optionText":85,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71db-7f7a-ac9a-10b144ebea1f","le Brésil",{"id":87,"blankNumber":47,"options":88},"019f7f70-71dc-7088-907f-69546a4ee087",[89,92,94],{"id":90,"optionText":91,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7028-907f-695468f14fd9","les Pays-Bas",{"id":93,"optionText":69,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-704c-907f-6954695e9d81",{"id":95,"optionText":75,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-706c-907f-695469d45673",{"id":97,"blankNumber":98,"options":99},"019f7f70-71dc-711c-907f-69546b6bfa61",4,[100,102,104],{"id":101,"optionText":72,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-70b8-907f-69546a81ab7e",{"id":103,"optionText":75,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-70e4-907f-69546ac6c8f4",{"id":105,"optionText":85,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7100-907f-69546b47f542",{"id":107,"sentenceTemplate":108,"displayOrder":32,"explanation":109,"exampleSentence":110,"blanks":111},"019f7f70-71dc-72e0-907f-69547097cd25","L’expansion ne déclenche pas mécaniquement un article : __1__ attribue une propriété au référent unique, tandis que __2__ sélectionne une manifestation parmi d’autres.","Dans « Paris endormi », l’épithète qualifie la ville directement. L’indéfini de « un Paris endormi » crée une nouvelle opération de référence.","Paris endormi semblait irréel ; nous avons découvert un Paris endormi.",[112,124],{"id":113,"blankNumber":9,"options":114},"019f7f70-71dc-7228-907f-69546ebbbbdc",[115,118,121],{"id":116,"optionText":117,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-71cc-907f-69546c84aa1f","Paris endormi semblait irréel.",{"id":119,"optionText":120,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-71ec-907f-69546cd79518","Un Paris endormi semblait irréel.",{"id":122,"optionText":123,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7208-907f-69546dcc4c2b","Le Paris de notre enfance semblait irréel.",{"id":125,"blankNumber":32,"options":126},"019f7f70-71dc-72ac-907f-69546fb29485",[127,130,133],{"id":128,"optionText":129,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7258-907f-69546ebbc503","Paris est une ville.",{"id":131,"optionText":132,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7274-907f-69546eeea1b8","Nous avons découvert un Paris endormi.",{"id":134,"optionText":135,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7290-907f-69546fad6855","La France semblait endormie.",{"id":137,"sentenceTemplate":138,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":139,"exampleSentence":140,"blanks":141},"019f7f70-71dc-7584-907f-695478825b17","Associez le déterminant à la lecture : facette unique par complément → __1__ ; manifestation particulière → __2__ ; facette montrée ou reprise → __3__ ; pluralité de représentations → __4__.","« Le » construit l’unicité contextuelle, « un » une occurrence possible, « ce » un pointage discursif et « les » plusieurs facettes du même référent.","Le Paris des années 1920 ; un Paris silencieux ; ce Paris nocturne ; les Paris successifs du roman.",[142,154,166,176],{"id":143,"blankNumber":9,"options":144},"019f7f70-71dc-738c-907f-6954729134d0",[145,148,151],{"id":146,"optionText":147,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7334-907f-695471799aae","un Paris silencieux",{"id":149,"optionText":150,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7350-907f-695471ed4001","le Paris des années 1920",{"id":152,"optionText":153,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7370-907f-69547263b88a","les Paris successifs",{"id":155,"blankNumber":32,"options":156},"019f7f70-71dc-7414-907f-6954749da4bc",[157,160,163],{"id":158,"optionText":159,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-73bc-907f-695473032d0a","ce Paris nocturne",{"id":161,"optionText":162,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-73dc-907f-69547390128a","un Paris silencieux et désert",{"id":164,"optionText":165,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-73f8-907f-695474295a6e","Paris sans expansion",{"id":167,"blankNumber":47,"options":168},"019f7f70-71dc-74c8-907f-695476c6af34",[169,172,174],{"id":170,"optionText":171,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7450-907f-695475433dee","les Paris du récit",{"id":173,"optionText":150,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7470-907f-695475ec8dd1",{"id":175,"optionText":159,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-748c-907f-6954766957b9",{"id":177,"blankNumber":98,"options":178},"019f7f70-71dc-7550-907f-6954788251b6",[179,182,185],{"id":180,"optionText":181,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-74fc-907f-695476ec2cf1","les Paris successifs du roman",{"id":183,"optionText":184,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7518-907f-695477a954fa","un Paris désert",{"id":186,"optionText":159,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7534-907f-695477df84ef",{"id":188,"sentenceTemplate":189,"displayOrder":98,"explanation":190,"exampleSentence":191,"blanks":192},"019f7f70-71dc-77b4-907f-6954803ee710","Situez une personne ou un auteur : période de la vie de Hugo → __1__ ; manifestation momentanée de Hugo → __2__ ; phase déterminée de Proust → __3__.","Le défini avec adjectif ou complément sélectionne une période déterminée ; l’indéfini présente une manifestation inattendue parmi d’autres possibles.","Le jeune Hugo ; un Hugo méconnaissable ; le Proust des premiers textes.",[193,205,214],{"id":194,"blankNumber":9,"options":195},"019f7f70-71dc-7658-907f-69547c0eb918",[196,199,202],{"id":197,"optionText":198,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-75fc-907f-6954797ce329","un Hugo méconnaissable",{"id":200,"optionText":201,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-761c-907f-69547a47d145","le jeune Hugo",{"id":203,"optionText":204,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-763c-907f-69547b14bcdd","le Proust des premiers textes",{"id":206,"blankNumber":32,"options":207},"019f7f70-71dc-76e0-907f-69547e4345cd",[208,210,212],{"id":209,"optionText":204,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7688-907f-69547c7394f6",{"id":211,"optionText":198,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-76a4-907f-69547d4d5741",{"id":213,"optionText":201,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-76c8-907f-69547db79f2f",{"id":215,"blankNumber":47,"options":216},"019f7f70-71dc-7774-907f-69547f683989",[217,219,222],{"id":218,"optionText":204,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7720-907f-69547e9a00e7",{"id":220,"optionText":221,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7740-907f-69547f2a082a","du Proust comme matière textuelle",{"id":223,"optionText":224,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-775c-907f-69547f655ba0","un Picasso comme œuvre",{"id":226,"sentenceTemplate":227,"displayOrder":228,"explanation":229,"exampleSentence":230,"blanks":231},"019f7f70-71dc-79ac-907f-695486388b74","Dans « les différents Paris du récit », le nom propre garde __1__ et reste généralement __2__, car le pluriel porte sur __3__.",5,"Le toponyme continue de renvoyer à Paris et conserve sa majuscule. L’article et l’expansion pluralisent les représentations, non nécessairement la forme du nom.","Les Paris successifs du roman.",[232,244,256],{"id":233,"blankNumber":9,"options":234},"019f7f70-71dc-7870-907f-695481e424e1",[235,238,241],{"id":236,"optionText":237,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7818-907f-69548071accf","sa majuscule",{"id":239,"optionText":240,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7838-907f-69548111191f","une minuscule de nom commun",{"id":242,"optionText":243,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7854-907f-6954815a4094","un trait d’union final",{"id":245,"blankNumber":32,"options":246},"019f7f70-71dc-78f8-907f-69548401fa21",[247,250,253],{"id":248,"optionText":249,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-78a4-907f-695482e2667a","variable selon le nombre",{"id":251,"optionText":252,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-78c0-907f-69548302c4b2","invariable",{"id":254,"optionText":255,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-78dc-907f-695483c4bf46","transformé en adjectif",{"id":257,"blankNumber":47,"options":258},"019f7f70-71dc-797c-907f-69548620017a",[259,262,265],{"id":260,"optionText":261,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7928-907f-695484dc973e","les lettres du toponyme",{"id":263,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7944-907f-6954852ef722","les facettes",{"id":266,"optionText":267,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7960-907f-695485eab20f","plusieurs villes homonymes réelles",{"id":269,"sentenceTemplate":270,"displayOrder":271,"explanation":272,"exampleSentence":273,"blanks":274},"019f7f70-71dc-7bb4-907f-69548bb8f2a9","Distinguez les trois découpages : __1__ attribue une propriété à la ville ; __2__ sélectionne une expérience déterminée ; __3__ présente une image possible parmi d’autres.",6,"Sans article, Paris reste le référent unique qualifié ; le défini avec relative isole l’expérience connue ; l’indéfini introduit une manifestation particulière.","Paris était silencieux ; le Paris que nous avons découvert était silencieux ; nous avons découvert un Paris silencieux.",[275,287,297],{"id":276,"blankNumber":9,"options":277},"019f7f70-71dc-7a68-907f-695487eb2098",[278,281,284],{"id":279,"optionText":280,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7a10-907f-695487016013","Un Paris silencieux nous surprit.",{"id":282,"optionText":283,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7a30-907f-6954870b826e","Paris était silencieux.",{"id":285,"optionText":286,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7a4c-907f-69548774e004","Le Paris que nous avons découvert était silencieux.",{"id":288,"blankNumber":32,"options":289},"019f7f70-71dc-7af8-907f-69548a25a64b",[290,292,294],{"id":291,"optionText":283,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7a98-907f-69548896d09a",{"id":293,"optionText":286,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7ab4-907f-6954895cd47f",{"id":295,"optionText":296,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7ad4-907f-695489c7ccdb","Nous avons découvert un Paris silencieux.",{"id":298,"blankNumber":47,"options":299},"019f7f70-71dc-7b80-907f-69548b1ec017",[300,302,304],{"id":301,"optionText":296,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7b28-907f-69548a7ab984",{"id":303,"optionText":283,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7b48-907f-69548a9b5aa2",{"id":305,"optionText":306,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7b64-907f-69548b1b908a","Le Paris de 1920 était silencieux.",{"id":308,"sentenceTemplate":309,"displayOrder":310,"explanation":311,"exampleSentence":312,"blanks":313},"019f7f70-71dc-7d24-907f-6954902cfa0a","Dans « lire du Proust », le partitif présente __1__ comme __2__.",7,"La métonymie transforme le nom de l’auteur en matière textuelle ou en style dont on prélève une quantité indéterminée.","Nous lisons du Proust pendant le séminaire.",[314,326],{"id":315,"blankNumber":9,"options":316},"019f7f70-71dc-7c6c-907f-69548dbc229f",[317,320,323],{"id":318,"optionText":319,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7c14-907f-69548bba8194","la personne physique de Proust",{"id":321,"optionText":322,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7c34-907f-69548c5ddbce","l’œuvre ou le style de Proust",{"id":324,"optionText":325,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7c50-907f-69548d3c62a0","une famille nommée Proust",{"id":327,"blankNumber":32,"options":328},"019f7f70-71dc-7cf0-907f-69548f66438a",[329,332,335],{"id":330,"optionText":331,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7c9c-907f-69548dc81614","une matière textuelle",{"id":333,"optionText":334,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7cbc-907f-69548e817782","une ville personnifiée",{"id":336,"optionText":337,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7cd8-907f-69548ec64551","une fonction sans article",{"id":339,"sentenceTemplate":340,"displayOrder":341,"explanation":342,"exampleSentence":343,"blanks":344},"019f7f70-71dc-7f6c-907f-695497d46da1","Dans le domaine de l’art, « acheter un Picasso » désigne __1__ et « comparer deux Picasso » désigne __2__ ; le patronyme reste généralement __3__.",8,"Par métonymie, le nom de l’artiste assume la catégorie d’œuvre. Dans cet emploi, la tradition maintient souvent le patronyme au singulier graphique.","Un Picasso est une œuvre de Picasso ; deux Picasso sont deux œuvres.",[345,357,369],{"id":346,"blankNumber":9,"options":347},"019f7f70-71dc-7e08-907f-695492ad3470",[348,351,354],{"id":349,"optionText":350,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7d78-907f-6954911374e8","un membre de la famille Picasso",{"id":352,"optionText":353,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7d94-907f-695491d2af64","une œuvre de Picasso",{"id":355,"optionText":356,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7dcc-907f-6954926ded9c","un type humain appelé picasso",{"id":358,"blankNumber":32,"options":359},"019f7f70-71dc-7ea8-907f-695495775f78",[360,363,366],{"id":361,"optionText":362,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7e44-907f-695493676f50","deux œuvres de Picasso",{"id":364,"optionText":365,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7e64-907f-69549400b719","deux artistes nécessairement homonymes",{"id":367,"optionText":368,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7e8c-907f-695494c332b8","deux périodes de Paris",{"id":370,"blankNumber":47,"options":371},"019f7f70-71dc-7f38-907f-6954973fe5b5",[372,375,377],{"id":373,"optionText":374,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dc-7ee0-907f-6954963fd591","en minuscule avec « s » obligatoire",{"id":376,"optionText":252,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dc-7f00-907f-69549698e9d2",{"id":378,"optionText":379,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dc-7f1c-907f-695496cf6005","sans majuscule",{"id":381,"sentenceTemplate":382,"displayOrder":383,"explanation":384,"exampleSentence":385,"blanks":386},"019f7f70-71dd-7153-a604-eb91e530d348","Distinguez l’allusion ponctuelle de la lexicalisation : « C’est __1__ » compare une personne au personnage ; « Ce sont __2__ » emploie un nom commun pleinement lexicalisé.",9,"« Un Tartuffe » conserve la majuscule dans l’allusion au personnage ; « des tartuffes » devenu nom commun prend la minuscule et le pluriel ordinaire.","C’est un Tartuffe ; ce sont des tartuffes.",[387,399],{"id":388,"blankNumber":9,"options":389},"019f7f70-71dd-7097-a604-eb91e273fd65",[390,393,396],{"id":391,"optionText":392,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-7037-a604-eb91e0bbb80a","un Tartuffe",{"id":394,"optionText":395,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-705f-a604-eb91e16d0183","des tartuffes",{"id":397,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-707b-a604-eb91e24fa175","du Proust",{"id":400,"blankNumber":32,"options":401},"019f7f70-71dd-711f-a604-eb91e451c1e0",[402,405,407],{"id":403,"optionText":404,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-70c7-a604-eb91e32d45e9","plusieurs personnes comparées à Tartuffe",{"id":406,"optionText":395,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-70e7-a604-eb91e33c7d2a",{"id":408,"optionText":392,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-7103-a604-eb91e3609b1a",{"id":410,"sentenceTemplate":411,"displayOrder":412,"explanation":413,"exampleSentence":414,"blanks":415},"019f7f70-71dd-734f-a604-eb91ec784be5","Pour les noms d’artistes désignant plusieurs œuvres, l’usage __1__ ; une politique éditoriale peut choisir __2__ ou reformuler __3__.",10,"La marque du pluriel n’est pas uniformément stabilisée dans cet emploi. Le guide peut préférer l’invariabilité ou éviter la difficulté avec un nom commun explicite.","Deux Picasso ou, sans ambiguïté, deux tableaux de Picasso.",[416,428,440],{"id":417,"blankNumber":9,"options":418},"019f7f70-71dd-7207-a604-eb91e7d9f56c",[419,422,425],{"id":420,"optionText":421,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-71a7-a604-eb91e5b543b8","interdit toujours toute variation",{"id":423,"optionText":424,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-71c7-a604-eb91e6a86f22","admet parfois la marque du pluriel",{"id":426,"optionText":427,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-71eb-a604-eb91e77882cd","impose toujours la minuscule",{"id":429,"blankNumber":32,"options":430},"019f7f70-71dd-7297-a604-eb91e9a25195",[431,434,437],{"id":432,"optionText":433,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-7237-a604-eb91e8d88e8b","la suppression du patronyme",{"id":435,"optionText":436,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-7257-a604-eb91e8ee775c","l’invariabilité",{"id":438,"optionText":439,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-727b-a604-eb91e9a0611f","l’article zéro devant toute œuvre",{"id":441,"blankNumber":47,"options":442},"019f7f70-71dd-731f-a604-eb91ebc4c345",[443,446,449],{"id":444,"optionText":445,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-72c7-a604-eb91ea714c3a","deux tableaux de Picasso",{"id":447,"optionText":448,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-72e7-a604-eb91ead5a4a2","deux personnes Picasso",{"id":450,"optionText":451,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-7303-a604-eb91eb3ca4cf","deux Paris du tableau",{"id":453,"sentenceTemplate":454,"displayOrder":455,"explanation":456,"exampleSentence":457,"blanks":458},"019f7f70-71dd-74db-a604-eb91f19916d5","Opposez l’auteur et l’œuvre recatégorisée : __1__ conserve Proust comme personne ; __2__ fait de son œuvre une matière textuelle.",11,"Le complément en « de » indique simplement l’auteur des romans ; le partitif devant le patronyme déclenche la lecture métonymique.","Nous étudions les romans de Proust ; nous lisons du Proust.",[459,471],{"id":460,"blankNumber":9,"options":461},"019f7f70-71dd-740b-a604-eb91ee80b157",[462,465,468],{"id":463,"optionText":464,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-73b3-a604-eb91ec87f217","Nous lisons du Proust.",{"id":466,"optionText":467,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-73d3-a604-eb91ed6a4b1e","Nous étudions les romans de Proust.",{"id":469,"optionText":470,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-73ef-a604-eb91edb28e35","Nous achetons un Picasso.",{"id":472,"blankNumber":32,"options":473},"019f7f70-71dd-7493-a604-eb91f0ae7ad4",[474,476,479],{"id":475,"optionText":464,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-743b-a604-eb91eec9912b",{"id":477,"optionText":478,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-745b-a604-eb91efbdd4cf","Proust a écrit plusieurs romans.",{"id":480,"optionText":481,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-7477-a604-eb91efcd3209","Nous étudions la biographie de Proust.",{"id":483,"sentenceTemplate":484,"displayOrder":485,"explanation":486,"exampleSentence":487,"blanks":488},"019f7f70-71dd-764f-a604-eb91f54330c9","Quand le créateur risque de ne pas être culturellement identifiable, la formulation la plus claire est __1__ plutôt que __2__.",12,"« Un Picasso » condense la catégorie grâce à une métonymie partagée. Si ce savoir manque, le nom commun explicite indique immédiatement qu’il s’agit d’une œuvre.","Un tableau de Picasso nomme l’objet ; un Picasso laisse le patronyme porter cette catégorie.",[489,501],{"id":490,"blankNumber":9,"options":491},"019f7f70-71dd-7587-a604-eb91f2b10d55",[492,495,498],{"id":493,"optionText":494,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-752f-a604-eb91f20891c9","un tableau de Picasso",{"id":496,"optionText":497,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-754f-a604-eb91f238500d","un Picasso",{"id":499,"optionText":500,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-756b-a604-eb91f2a2f6a7","du Picasso",{"id":502,"blankNumber":32,"options":503},"019f7f70-71dd-761b-a604-eb91f53c5552",[504,507,510],{"id":505,"optionText":506,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-75b7-a604-eb91f36945a8","une œuvre picturale de Picasso",{"id":508,"optionText":509,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-75df-a604-eb91f42a94d0","un tableau peint par Picasso",{"id":511,"optionText":497,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-75ff-a604-eb91f4689e1e",{"id":513,"sentenceTemplate":514,"displayOrder":515,"explanation":516,"exampleSentence":517,"blanks":518},"019f7f70-71dd-7837-a604-eb91fc6227bf","Appliquez les usages des patronymes : famille ou homonymes → __1__ ; dynastie avec pluriel traditionnel → __2__ ; dynastie traditionnellement invariable → __3__.",13,"Le patronyme ordinaire reste généralement invariable dans « les Martin ». Les dynasties ont des traditions propres : « les Bourbons », mais « les Habsbourg ».","Il faut vérifier le nom concerné plutôt que généraliser une règle de pluriel.",[519,531,540],{"id":520,"blankNumber":9,"options":521},"019f7f70-71dd-76f7-a604-eb91f77c1939",[522,525,528],{"id":523,"optionText":524,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-769f-a604-eb91f5e6e472","les Bourbons",{"id":526,"optionText":527,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-76bf-a604-eb91f6be79be","les Martin",{"id":529,"optionText":530,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-76db-a604-eb91f6fba2f3","les Habsbourg",{"id":532,"blankNumber":32,"options":533},"019f7f70-71dd-777f-a604-eb91f9f3a14c",[534,536,538],{"id":535,"optionText":527,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-7727-a604-eb91f7e5c920",{"id":537,"optionText":524,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-7747-a604-eb91f88b4fe2",{"id":539,"optionText":530,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-7763-a604-eb91f9148b66",{"id":541,"blankNumber":47,"options":542},"019f7f70-71dd-7803-a604-eb91fbeb8848",[543,545,547],{"id":544,"optionText":524,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-77af-a604-eb91fa024fad",{"id":546,"optionText":527,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-77cb-a604-eb91fa3eb817",{"id":548,"optionText":530,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-77e7-a604-eb91fb19b41c",{"id":550,"sentenceTemplate":551,"displayOrder":552,"explanation":553,"exampleSentence":554,"blanks":555},"019f7f70-71dd-7abf-a604-eb92041cad29","Devant un nom individuel, l’article peut marquer __1__ dans « la Marie du village » et sélectionner __2__ dans « le Duval que j’ai connu » ; il faut donc vérifier __3__ et __4__.",14,"L’article défini devant un prénom ou un patronyme n’est pas ornemental : il situe une voix régionale, familière, littéraire ou dépréciative, ou isole une facette mémorielle.","Le déterminant, la majuscule et la tonalité doivent correspondre à la lecture voulue.",[556,568,580,592],{"id":557,"blankNumber":9,"options":558},"019f7f70-71dd-78ef-a604-eb91fe2d4649",[559,562,565],{"id":560,"optionText":561,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-7897-a604-eb91fcbaf7c4","une voix située",{"id":563,"optionText":564,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-78b7-a604-eb91fcc8c958","une neutralité universelle",{"id":566,"optionText":567,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-78d3-a604-eb91fd4c3a93","une profession sans article",{"id":569,"blankNumber":32,"options":570},"019f7f70-71dd-797f-a604-eb9200816498",[571,574,577],{"id":572,"optionText":573,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-792b-a604-eb91fe994754","tous les membres de la famille Duval",{"id":575,"optionText":576,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-7947-a604-eb91ff87ab81","une facette temporelle de Duval",{"id":578,"optionText":579,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-7963-a604-eb920003846c","une œuvre peinte par Duval",{"id":581,"blankNumber":47,"options":582},"019f7f70-71dd-7a03-a604-eb92022c7f5a",[583,586,589],{"id":584,"optionText":585,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-79af-a604-eb92011d38a8","la lecture construite par le déterminant",{"id":587,"optionText":588,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-79cb-a604-eb920157e7aa","la suppression automatique de toute majuscule",{"id":590,"optionText":591,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-79e7-a604-eb920199dac8","l’absence de tout contexte",{"id":593,"blankNumber":98,"options":594},"019f7f70-71dd-7a8b-a604-eb920408db9e",[595,598,601],{"id":596,"optionText":597,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":14},"019f7f70-71dd-7a33-a604-eb920292903f","le nombre de verbes au passé",{"id":599,"optionText":600,"isCorrect":28,"displayOrder":9},"019f7f70-71dd-7a53-a604-eb920317f212","la tonalité du registre",{"id":602,"optionText":603,"isCorrect":24,"displayOrder":32},"019f7f70-71dd-7a6f-a604-eb9203854100","la longueur du patronyme",{"title":605,"slug":606,"language":607},"Article zéro stylistique et noms propres modifiés","article-zero-stylistique-et-noms-propres-modifies","fr"]