[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-019faa5f-84f5-7be4-be21-47aab4fb8352":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-019ba7e3-8713-7c45-a547-be8a80ad5763":161},["Reactive",4],{"id":5,"grammarPage":6,"title":7,"instructions":8,"displayOrder":9,"type":10,"questions":11,"ogImageUrl":160},"019faa5f-84f5-7be4-be21-47aab4fb8352","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019ba7e3-8713-7c45-a547-be8a80ad5763","Build Past Impossibility from Evidence","Tap the words in the correct order to build each evidence-based deduction. One extra word does not belong.",2,"sentence_builder",[12,31,45,58,73,88,103,117,131,146],{"id":13,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":15,"explanation":16,"exampleSentence":17,"blanks":18},"019fc2c4-a34e-7d2b-9c35-8438397da106","Build the sentence: __1__",0,"The complete video record shows that the pavement stayed dry, so use \"can’t have rained\" for a past event judged impossible.","The garden is dusty, so it can’t have rained this morning.",[19],{"id":20,"blankNumber":21,"options":22},"019fc2c4-a34e-7ca7-9c35-8438387f3db5",1,[23,27],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34e-7be7-9c35-843838475aa5","Video shows the pavement stayed dry all night, so it can't have rained.",true,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34e-7c5b-9c35-8438385784e4","has",false,{"id":32,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":21,"explanation":33,"exampleSentence":34,"blanks":35},"019fc2c4-a34e-7ea7-9c35-84383c7efe67","Because every entry required an active badge, her inactive badge rules out entry; the modal takes the base form \"have\", not \"having\".","His pass was blocked, so he can’t have accessed the archive.",[36],{"id":37,"blankNumber":21,"options":38},"019fc2c4-a34e-7e3f-9c35-84383c4036c6",[39,42],{"id":40,"optionText":41,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34e-7db7-9c35-84383a62024e","having",{"id":43,"optionText":44,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34e-7dfb-9c35-84383b5e69d3","Every entry required a badge, and hers was inactive; she can't have entered.",{"id":46,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":9,"explanation":47,"exampleSentence":48,"blanks":49},"019fc2c4-a34f-707e-87c2-66aa9d1d4098","Amir arrived only after departure, so catching the train was impossible; \"can’t have caught\" rejects that past possibility.","The doors had closed, so Malik can’t have boarded the flight.",[50],{"id":51,"blankNumber":21,"options":52},"019fc2c4-a34f-700e-87c2-66aa9c39f01c",[53,56],{"id":54,"optionText":55,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34e-7f2b-9c35-84383d1b8d57","Amir arrived after departure, so he can't have caught the train.",{"id":57,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34e-7f6f-9c35-84383d8eeb35",{"id":59,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":60,"explanation":61,"exampleSentence":62,"blanks":63},"019fc2c4-a34f-71fe-87c2-66aa9e26e588",3,"The intact seal proves that opening the jar did not happen; after \"have\", use the past participle \"opened\", not the finite form \"opens\".","The envelope is still sealed, so Ava can’t have read the letter.",[64],{"id":65,"blankNumber":21,"options":66},"019fc2c4-a34f-7196-87c2-66aa9d93153a",[67,70],{"id":68,"optionText":69,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34f-70fe-87c2-66aa9d6d14e5","opens",{"id":71,"optionText":72,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34f-7152-87c2-66aa9d74b4d5","The intact seal proves Leo can't have opened the jar.",{"id":74,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":75,"explanation":76,"exampleSentence":77,"blanks":78},"019fc2c4-a34f-736e-87c2-66aa9f724772",4,"Because the server was offline at that time, sending the email then was impossible; the passive form is \"can’t have been sent\".","The printer had no power, so the document can’t have been copied.",[79],{"id":80,"blankNumber":21,"options":81},"019fc2c4-a34f-7302-87c2-66aa9f6f3332",[82,85],{"id":83,"optionText":84,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34f-727e-87c2-66aa9ea2ca6c","Maya's email can't have been sent then because the server was offline.",{"id":86,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34f-72c2-87c2-66aa9f4a5b29","had",{"id":89,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":90,"explanation":91,"exampleSentence":92,"blanks":93},"019fc2c4-a34f-74e2-87c2-66aaa0d3ff32",5,"Being abroad rules out attendance at the in-person meeting, so the evidence supports \"can’t have attended\".","Rina was in hospital, so she can’t have attended the ceremony.",[94],{"id":95,"blankNumber":21,"options":96},"019fc2c4-a34f-7472-87c2-66aaa0be0897",[97,100],{"id":98,"optionText":99,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34f-73ea-87c2-66aaa04b977e","attend",{"id":101,"optionText":102,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34f-7432-87c2-66aaa04e9deb","Maya can't have attended the in-person meeting; she was abroad.",{"id":104,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":105,"explanation":106,"exampleSentence":107,"blanks":108},"019fc2c4-a34f-75b2-87c2-66aaa2557fa1",6,"Because boarding required a ticket scan, the unused ticket rules it out, so \"can’t have boarded\" is the logical deduction.","Her pass was never scanned, so she can’t have entered the venue.",[109],{"id":110,"blankNumber":21,"options":111},"019fc2c4-a34f-7576-87c2-66aaa1cfaefb",[112,115],{"id":113,"optionText":114,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34f-752e-87c2-66aaa0e8409d","Boarding required a scanned ticket, and his remained unused; he can't have boarded.",{"id":116,"optionText":41,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34f-7556-87c2-66aaa19d35c4",{"id":118,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":119,"explanation":120,"exampleSentence":121,"blanks":122},"019fc2c4-a34f-7672-87c2-66aaa489cc19",7,"The fact that every file remains rules out deletion, and a modal is followed by \"have\", not \"has\".","The folder is complete, so Noah can’t have removed a document.",[123],{"id":124,"blankNumber":21,"options":125},"019fc2c4-a34f-763a-87c2-66aaa3a3f67e",[126,128],{"id":127,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34f-75f6-87c2-66aaa2c298ac",{"id":129,"optionText":130,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34f-761a-87c2-66aaa368c00f","All files remain; Priya can't have deleted the folder.",{"id":132,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":133,"explanation":134,"exampleSentence":135,"blanks":136},"019fc2c4-a34f-773e-87c2-66aaa60a0217",8,"The complete security footage rules out entry, and \"have\" must be followed by the past participle \"entered\", not the base form.","The alarm stayed armed, so the cleaners can’t have entered overnight.",[137],{"id":138,"blankNumber":21,"options":139},"019fc2c4-a34f-7706-87c2-66aaa6069f7d",[140,143],{"id":141,"optionText":142,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34f-76b6-87c2-66aaa51e69f9","Security footage shows no entry; they can't have entered the building.",{"id":144,"optionText":145,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34f-76da-87c2-66aaa5fb212f","enter",{"id":147,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":148,"explanation":149,"exampleSentence":150,"blanks":151},"019fc2c4-a34f-77f6-87c2-66aaa8232888",9,"A final score of nil directly contradicts the claim that Rosa scored twice, making \"can’t have scored\" appropriate.","The team lost by three goals, so it can’t have won the match.",[152],{"id":153,"blankNumber":21,"options":154},"019fc2c4-a34f-77be-87c2-66aaa8127595",[155,157],{"id":156,"optionText":41,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019fc2c4-a34f-777e-87c2-66aaa6b29fd1",{"id":158,"optionText":159,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019fc2c4-a34f-77a2-87c2-66aaa7155b1d","Rosa can't have scored twice; the final score was nil.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_dcbd324d-8297-48a5-bce4-9b1a5144c6a3_hero.webp",{"title":162,"slug":163,"language":164,"level":165},"Modals (can’t have & needn’t have)","modals-cant-have-neednt-have","en","B2"]