[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-019faa5f-8b55-70ff-a014-26d443ec8914":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-019b986e-3c6a-72a3-9d42-65053d9e4657":158},["Reactive",4],{"id":5,"grammarPage":6,"title":7,"instructions":8,"displayOrder":9,"type":10,"questions":11,"ogImageUrl":157},"019faa5f-8b55-70ff-a014-26d443ec8914","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019b986e-3c6a-72a3-9d42-65053d9e4657","Build Earlier Causes and States","Tap the words in the correct order to build each sentence. One extra word does not belong.",2,"sentence_builder",[12,31,44,57,71,86,100,115,129,143],{"id":13,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":15,"explanation":16,"exampleSentence":17,"blanks":18},"019faa5f-8b55-730f-a014-26d44512096b","Build the sentence: __1__",0,"The pipe burst before the basement flooded, so the earlier cause uses \"had burst\" and the result uses the past simple.","The floor was wet because the washing machine had leaked.",[19],{"id":20,"blankNumber":21,"options":22},"019faa5f-8b55-728f-a014-26d444b8bcfb",1,[23,27],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-71e7-a014-26d4441a33a2","The basement flooded because a pipe had burst overnight.",true,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-7247-a014-26d4449cab72","has",false,{"id":32,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":21,"explanation":33,"exampleSentence":34,"blanks":35},"019faa5f-8b55-7493-a014-26d44864f9c0","The speaker skipped the introduction before the audience became confused, so the background cause uses the past perfect.","The readers were puzzled because the writer had omitted a key detail.",[36],{"id":37,"blankNumber":21,"options":38},"019faa5f-8b55-742b-a014-26d447959226",[39,41],{"id":40,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-73a3-a014-26d445be9d77",{"id":42,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-73eb-a014-26d446a6a9ea","The audience was confused because the speaker had skipped the introduction.",{"id":45,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":9,"explanation":46,"exampleSentence":47,"blanks":48},"019faa5f-8b55-758b-a014-26d44a85b0c8","The snow blocked the entrances before the road remained closed, so use the past perfect for the cause.","The path was inaccessible because a tree had fallen across it.",[49],{"id":50,"blankNumber":21,"options":51},"019faa5f-8b55-7553-a014-26d44a2ce35b",[52,55],{"id":53,"optionText":54,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-7507-a014-26d448dd17ae","The road remained closed because snow had blocked both entrances.",{"id":56,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-752f-a014-26d449404d6c",{"id":58,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":59,"explanation":60,"exampleSentence":61,"blanks":62},"019faa5f-8b55-7663-a014-26d44cac3d87",3,"\"Had always trusted\" describes a continuing earlier state that lasted until the map led Leo astray.","She had always believed the story until she found the letter.",[63],{"id":64,"blankNumber":21,"options":65},"019faa5f-8b55-7617-a014-26d44bebe61f",[66,68],{"id":67,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-75cf-a014-26d44ac0a75a",{"id":69,"optionText":70,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-75f3-a014-26d44b849e49","Leo had always trusted the map until it led us astray.",{"id":72,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":73,"explanation":74,"exampleSentence":75,"blanks":76},"019faa5f-8b55-771f-a014-26d44e765196",4,"\"For decades\" measures how long the ownership state had continued before the later sale.","He had owned the shop for years before he retired.",[77],{"id":78,"blankNumber":21,"options":79},"019faa5f-8b55-76eb-a014-26d44e13e7de",[80,83],{"id":81,"optionText":82,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-76a7-a014-26d44d62e900","They had owned the cottage for decades before they sold it.",{"id":84,"optionText":85,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-76cb-a014-26d44da1c3e2","have",{"id":87,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":88,"explanation":89,"exampleSentence":90,"blanks":91},"019faa5f-8b55-77db-a014-26d4500b4168",5,"\"Since 2005\" marks the starting point of a situation that continued until Maya retired.","When the company closed, he had worked there since graduation.",[92],{"id":93,"blankNumber":21,"options":94},"019faa5f-8b55-77a7-a014-26d44fe7e437",[95,97],{"id":96,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-7763-a014-26d44ee1c475",{"id":98,"optionText":99,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-7787-a014-26d44ef56fa6","When she retired, Maya had worked there since 2005.",{"id":101,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":102,"explanation":103,"exampleSentence":104,"blanks":105},"019faa5f-8b55-7897-a014-26d4511c1be9",6,"\"And then\" gives a clear sequence of main past events, so both actions use the past simple.","The lights dimmed, and then the performance began.",[106],{"id":107,"blankNumber":21,"options":108},"019faa5f-8b55-7863-a014-26d4509d185a",[109,112],{"id":110,"optionText":111,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-781f-a014-26d450398076","The bell rang, and then the students left the room.",{"id":113,"optionText":114,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-7843-a014-26d450569f4b","had",{"id":116,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":117,"explanation":118,"exampleSentence":119,"blanks":120},"019faa5f-8b55-7953-a014-26d453544f72",7,"\"Had already left\" makes it clear that the students left before the caretaker arrived.","When I reached the platform, the train had already departed.",[121],{"id":122,"blankNumber":21,"options":123},"019faa5f-8b55-791f-a014-26d452bb14e1",[124,126],{"id":125,"optionText":85,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-78d7-a014-26d451e8e1ba",{"id":127,"optionText":128,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-78fb-a014-26d452b853f9","When the caretaker arrived, the students had already left.",{"id":130,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":131,"explanation":132,"exampleSentence":133,"blanks":134},"019faa5f-8b55-7a0b-a014-26d4558b2bb2",8,"\"After\" already makes the order clear, so the two events can be narrated naturally in the past simple.","After the rain stopped, we continued the match.",[135],{"id":136,"blankNumber":21,"options":137},"019faa5f-8b55-79d7-a014-26d454d09fe7",[138,141],{"id":139,"optionText":140,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-7993-a014-26d45430eb91","After Nora locked the door, she walked home.",{"id":142,"optionText":114,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-79b7-a014-26d45493dace",{"id":144,"sentenceTemplate":14,"displayOrder":145,"explanation":146,"exampleSentence":147,"blanks":148},"019faa5f-8b55-7acf-a014-26d45763e1ae",9,"The past perfect emphasizes that locking the door was fully completed before Nora handed over the key.","Once the editor had approved the article, it went online.",[149],{"id":150,"blankNumber":21,"options":151},"019faa5f-8b55-7a9b-a014-26d45719dc12",[152,154],{"id":153,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":15},"019faa5f-8b55-7a57-a014-26d456636821",{"id":155,"optionText":156,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"019faa5f-8b55-7a7b-a014-26d456a6c5ce","Once Nora had locked the door, she handed me the key.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_be19969e-d5d7-4b07-92c7-f61272fd8412_hero.webp",{"title":159,"slug":160,"language":161,"level":162},"Past Perfect (B2)","past-perfect-b2","en","B2"]