[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a07863-e6f2-7312-a2c2-68d5899a71f9":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-d7a7-7713-b582-4635b340fb8c":289},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":288},"01a07863-e6f2-7312-a2c2-68d5899a71f9","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-d7a7-7713-b582-4635b340fb8c","전달 동사와 출처 책임 판단","Choose the Korean form that keeps the source, evidence, speech act, and quotation layer distinct.","전달 동사와 출처 책임 판단하기","출처, 근거, 화행, 인용 층위를 구분해 말했다, 보도했다, 주장했다 같은 전달 동사를 고르는 빈칸 연습이에요. 검증 없이 보도자료를 옮긴 기자, 반박 자료가 나온 배출 기준 논란처럼 발화 책임의 거리를 조절해요. 전달 동사 하나가 드러내는 화자의 판단도 살펴요.",1,"word_select",[13,35,53,69,86,103,119,138,157,176,195,214,233,250,269],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"exampleSentence":18,"blanks":19},"01a07863-e6f2-75c2-a2c2-68d58b8fda47","기자는 시스템의 실제 상태를 검증하지 않은 채 보도자료의 발화 사실만 중립적으로 옮겼다. 기자는 회사가 시스템이 안정적이라고 __1__.",0,"말했다고 보도했다 attributes the statement to the company without claiming that the journalist verified system stability.","통신사는 협회가 새 지침을 발표했다고 전했다.",[20],{"id":21,"blankNumber":10,"options":22},"01a07863-e6f2-7572-a2c2-68d58b1f432a",[23,27,31],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-74da-a2c2-68d589c0eb8f","말했다고 보도했다",true,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7522-a2c2-68d58a2febf5","인정했다고 평가했다",false,{"id":32,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-754a-a2c2-68d58a5aa902","확인했다고 단정했다",2,{"id":36,"sentenceTemplate":37,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":38,"exampleSentence":39,"blanks":40},"01a07863-e6f2-76ba-a2c2-68d58d12f215","시민단체가 반박 자료를 내놓아 판단이 다투어지는 상황이다. 회사는 배출 기준을 지켰다고 __1__.","주장했다 presents the company’s position as contestable and keeps the reporter at a greater evidential distance.","피고 측은 해당 문서가 사전에 유출되지 않았다고 주장했다.",[41],{"id":42,"blankNumber":10,"options":43},"01a07863-e6f2-767e-a2c2-68d58ced9554",[44,47,50],{"id":45,"optionText":46,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-7616-a2c2-68d58b920935","약속했다",{"id":48,"optionText":49,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-763a-a2c2-68d58b9ecf6e","인정했다",{"id":51,"optionText":52,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-765e-a2c2-68d58c2f345c","주장했다",{"id":54,"sentenceTemplate":55,"displayOrder":34,"explanation":56,"exampleSentence":57,"blanks":58},"01a07863-e6f2-77ba-a2c2-68d58e8e0c3d","감사 전까지 기관은 자료 누락 가능성을 부인했다. 독립 감사 결과가 제시되자 기관은 기존 입장을 철회하고 최종 보고서에서 자료 누락 사실을 __1__.","All three options fit the syntax, but 인정했다 alone expresses that the institution accepted a fact it had previously denied.","제작사는 조사 결과가 나온 뒤 표시 오류를 인정했다.",[59],{"id":60,"blankNumber":10,"options":61},"01a07863-e6f2-777e-a2c2-68d58e8de460",[62,64,66],{"id":63,"optionText":49,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-7706-a2c2-68d58d74bde9",{"id":65,"optionText":52,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7726-a2c2-68d58e25f6a0",{"id":67,"optionText":68,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-775a-a2c2-68d58e2b8175","확인했다",{"id":70,"sentenceTemplate":71,"displayOrder":72,"explanation":73,"exampleSentence":74,"blanks":75},"01a07863-e6f2-789e-a2c2-68d59223756f","독립 검증단은 원본 로그와 공개 사본을 두 차례 대조했고 같은 결과를 재현했다. 검증단은 두 자료의 내용이 일치한다고 __1__.",3,"The named verifier and reproducible comparison support 확인했다. 주장했다 would merely attribute a position, and 추정했다 would understate the completed check.","선거관리위원회는 봉인 기록을 점검해 훼손 흔적이 없다고 확인했다.",[76],{"id":77,"blankNumber":10,"options":78},"01a07863-e6f2-7866-a2c2-68d591f97b90",[79,81,84],{"id":80,"optionText":68,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-77fe-a2c2-68d58f6847c0",{"id":82,"optionText":83,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7826-a2c2-68d590547aa8","추정했다",{"id":85,"optionText":52,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-7846-a2c2-68d59139e157",{"id":87,"sentenceTemplate":88,"displayOrder":89,"explanation":90,"exampleSentence":91,"blanks":92},"01a07863-e6f2-797e-a2c2-68d593ab4617","기상청은 주민들이 즉시 대피하지 않으면 산사태 위험이 커진다고 __1__.",4,"경고했다 identifies the speech act as a warning about danger and required action.","감독 기관은 안전 장치를 해제하면 사고가 날 수 있다고 경고했다.",[93],{"id":94,"blankNumber":10,"options":95},"01a07863-e6f2-7946-a2c2-68d5934ec73d",[96,99,101],{"id":97,"optionText":98,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-78e2-a2c2-68d592686ac7","경고했다",{"id":100,"optionText":49,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7906-a2c2-68d592b9ddf6",{"id":102,"optionText":46,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-7926-a2c2-68d5930c5e7e",{"id":104,"sentenceTemplate":105,"displayOrder":106,"explanation":107,"exampleSentence":108,"blanks":109},"01a07863-e6f2-7a66-a2c2-68d595512df0","시장은 공개 협약식에서 다음 달까지 피해 보상안을 제출하겠다고 __1__.",5,"약속했다 presents the future action as a commitment undertaken by the mayor.","운영사는 연말까지 모든 환불 절차를 마치겠다고 약속했다.",[110],{"id":111,"blankNumber":10,"options":112},"01a07863-e6f2-7a2a-a2c2-68d5954a2b2f",[113,115,117],{"id":114,"optionText":49,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-79c6-a2c2-68d594056e07",{"id":116,"optionText":98,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-79ea-a2c2-68d594440d92",{"id":118,"optionText":46,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-7a0a-a2c2-68d59504d7e9",{"id":120,"sentenceTemplate":121,"displayOrder":122,"explanation":123,"exampleSentence":124,"blanks":125},"01a07863-e6f2-7b4e-a2c2-68d598838adc","정보 제공자를 가장 뒤로 감추는 문장을 고르세요. __1__",6,"알려졌다 suppresses the source, making it harder to identify who supplied or verified the information.","“협상이 결렬된 것으로 전해졌다”는 출처를 밝히지 않으면 책임 주체를 확인하기 어렵다.",[126],{"id":127,"blankNumber":10,"options":128},"01a07863-e6f2-7b16-a2c2-68d5982b8a55",[129,132,135],{"id":130,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-7aaa-a2c2-68d59647410a","일정이 바뀐 것으로 알려졌다.",{"id":133,"optionText":134,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7aca-a2c2-68d5971109c1","운영위원회가 일정 변경을 확인했다.",{"id":136,"optionText":137,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-7aea-a2c2-68d597b30199","사무국이 변경 공문을 공개했다.",{"id":139,"sentenceTemplate":140,"displayOrder":141,"explanation":142,"exampleSentence":143,"blanks":144},"01a07863-e6f2-7c2e-a2c2-68d59b313009","“결함이 없는 것으로 확인됐다”의 확인 주체와 근거를 모두 드러낸 문장을 고르세요. __1__",7,"The sentence naming 독립 시험단 and 공개 충돌 시험 supplies both the verifier and the evidence behind 확인했다.","감사위원회는 원본 영수증을 대조한 결과 지출액이 장부와 같다고 확인했다.",[145],{"id":146,"blankNumber":10,"options":147},"01a07863-e6f2-7bf6-a2c2-68d59a73c6d6",[148,151,154],{"id":149,"optionText":150,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-7b92-a2c2-68d5997286a9","관계자에 따르면 결함이 없다고 한다.",{"id":152,"optionText":153,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7bb2-a2c2-68d599bc5da2","독립 시험단은 공개 충돌 시험 결과를 근거로 결함이 없다고 확인했다.",{"id":155,"optionText":156,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-7bd6-a2c2-68d59a4648db","결함은 없는 것으로 널리 확인됐다.",{"id":158,"sentenceTemplate":159,"displayOrder":160,"explanation":161,"exampleSentence":162,"blanks":163},"01a07863-e6f2-7d0e-a2c2-68d59d86471b","“대변인은 장관이 ‘유감스럽게도 지원이 늦었다’라고 말했다고 밝혔다.”에서 ‘유감스럽게도’는 형식상 __1__의 평가다.",8,"Because the evaluative adverb is inside the minister’s direct quotation, it is formally attributed to the minister.","“위원장은 ‘놀랍게도 반대가 없었다’라고 말했다”에서 ‘놀랍게도’는 위원장의 평가로 제시된다.",[164],{"id":165,"blankNumber":10,"options":166},"01a07863-e6f2-7cd6-a2c2-68d59d6fcd90",[167,170,173],{"id":168,"optionText":169,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-7c72-a2c2-68d59b923dc1","현재 기자",{"id":171,"optionText":172,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7c96-a2c2-68d59c88d355","대변인",{"id":174,"optionText":175,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-7cb6-a2c2-68d59d62dc60","장관",{"id":177,"sentenceTemplate":178,"displayOrder":179,"explanation":180,"exampleSentence":181,"blanks":182},"01a07863-e6f2-7dee-a2c2-68d5a0c585aa","“다행히, 감사단의 설명에 따르면 담당자는 ‘자료는 훼손되지 않았다’라고 말했다.”에서 문장 첫머리의 ‘다행히’는 따옴표 밖에 있어 우선 __1__의 평가로 읽힌다.",9,"Without another attribution marker, a sentence adverb outside the quotation is read from the current narrator’s viewpoint.","“안타깝게도, 협회 발표에 따르면 심사는 중단됐다”의 ‘안타깝게도’는 현재 글쓴이의 평가다.",[183],{"id":184,"blankNumber":10,"options":185},"01a07863-e6f2-7db6-a2c2-68d59fd28d1e",[186,189,192],{"id":187,"optionText":188,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-7d56-a2c2-68d59dc873e5","감사단",{"id":190,"optionText":191,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7d76-a2c2-68d59e9a2507","현재 서술자",{"id":193,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-7d9a-a2c2-68d59f822b7f","담당자",{"id":196,"sentenceTemplate":197,"displayOrder":198,"explanation":199,"exampleSentence":200,"blanks":201},"01a07863-e6f2-7ed2-a2c2-68d5a434e120","기자는 전문가의 분석을 인용하지만 그 결론을 직접 검증하지는 않았다. “__1__, 통계상 오류 가능성이 남아 있다.”",10,"전문가의 설명에 따르면 attributes the proposition without upgrading it to the journalist’s own verified conclusion.","감사인의 설명에 따르면, 일부 거래는 추가 확인이 필요하다.",[202],{"id":203,"blankNumber":10,"options":204},"01a07863-e6f2-7e92-a2c2-68d5a3702986",[205,208,211],{"id":206,"optionText":207,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-7e32-a2c2-68d5a195fb51","기자의 확인 결과",{"id":209,"optionText":210,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7e52-a2c2-68d5a1ec8fa0","전문가의 설명에 따르면",{"id":212,"optionText":213,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-7e72-a2c2-68d5a2880b1f","출처를 밝히지 않으면",{"id":215,"sentenceTemplate":216,"displayOrder":217,"explanation":218,"exampleSentence":219,"blanks":220},"01a07863-e6f3-7013-8ba7-fe4a9745b359","익명 취재원의 평서 발언을 발화 사실로만 귀속한다. “익명 취재원은 내부 검토가 끝났__1__ 말했다.”",11,"A reported declarative takes -다고: 끝났다고 말했다. The interrogative -냐고 and propositive -자고 change the speech type.","관계자는 추가 검토가 필요하다고 말했다.",[221],{"id":222,"blankNumber":10,"options":223},"01a07863-e6f2-7f7a-a2c2-68d5a662e64c",[224,227,230],{"id":225,"optionText":226,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f2-7f1a-a2c2-68d5a453ff29","냐고",{"id":228,"optionText":229,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f2-7f3a-a2c2-68d5a536c92b","다고",{"id":231,"optionText":232,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f2-7f5a-a2c2-68d5a59351b5","자고",{"id":234,"sentenceTemplate":235,"displayOrder":236,"explanation":237,"exampleSentence":238,"blanks":239},"01a07863-e6f3-7103-8ba7-fe4a996e6b6c","원 발화 “자료를 원형대로 보존하라”를 간접 인용하면 “위원장은 자료를 원형대로 보존하__1__ 지시했다”라고 쓴다.",12,"An indirectly reported command takes -(으)라고 after the verb stem: 보존하라고 지시했다.","담당자는 기록을 삭제하지 말라고 지시했다.",[240],{"id":241,"blankNumber":10,"options":242},"01a07863-e6f3-70c7-8ba7-fe4a9926bac0",[243,245,247],{"id":244,"optionText":229,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f3-7063-8ba7-fe4a97f4f30e",{"id":246,"optionText":226,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f3-708b-8ba7-fe4a986681ae",{"id":248,"optionText":249,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f3-70a7-8ba7-fe4a98e9d7f7","라고",{"id":251,"sentenceTemplate":252,"displayOrder":253,"explanation":254,"exampleSentence":255,"blanks":256},"01a07863-e6f3-71df-8ba7-fe4a9b39988e","“수현은 민지가 팀장이 내일까지 끝내라고 말했다고 전했다고 주장했다.”에서 가장 바깥 인용 층위의 주어와 전달 동사 짝은 __1__이다.",13,"수현—주장했다 forms the outermost layer. 민지—전했다 is the middle layer, and 팀장—말했다 introduces the innermost command.","책임을 판단할 때는 가장 바깥 서술어부터 확인한다.",[257],{"id":258,"blankNumber":10,"options":259},"01a07863-e6f3-71a3-8ba7-fe4a9aa19c35",[260,263,266],{"id":261,"optionText":262,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f3-7147-8ba7-fe4a99b2f176","팀장—말했다",{"id":264,"optionText":265,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f3-7167-8ba7-fe4a99c437d7","민지—전했다",{"id":267,"optionText":268,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f3-7187-8ba7-fe4a9a0673aa","수현—주장했다",{"id":270,"sentenceTemplate":271,"displayOrder":272,"explanation":273,"exampleSentence":274,"blanks":275},"01a07863-e6f3-72bb-8ba7-fe4a9d2259a6","기관 발표와 독립 감사 보고서가 서로 충돌하는 상황에서 불확실성과 반론을 필요한 만큼 드러낸 문장을 고르세요. __1__",14,"The answer attributes the institution’s position with 주장했다 and places the independent report’s conflicting evidence beside it.","제조사는 오작동이 없었다고 밝혔지만, 현장 점검 기록에는 같은 시각의 오류 코드가 남아 있다고 덧붙였다.",[276],{"id":277,"blankNumber":10,"options":278},"01a07863-e6f3-7283-8ba7-fe4a9ce6eff5",[279,282,285],{"id":280,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-e6f3-7223-8ba7-fe4a9b8de057","기관에 따르면 수치는 의심 없이 정확하다.",{"id":283,"optionText":284,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-e6f3-7243-8ba7-fe4a9c65ad51","기관은 수치가 정확하다고 주장했지만, 독립 감사 보고서는 계산 오류 가능성을 제기했다.",{"id":286,"optionText":287,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-e6f3-7263-8ba7-fe4a9cd2722b","수치는 정확한 것으로 최종 확인됐으며 반론은 중요하지 않다.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_c604e9e7-eb87-4c60-91ab-5b82a793724e_hero.webp?v=1788726208",{"title":290,"slug":291,"language":292,"level":293},"다층 인용과 발화 책임","dachung-inyong-gwa-balhwa-chaegim","ko","C2"]