[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a07863-eb73-7e8f-958a-c0f93b0b2a1e":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-d828-7931-ae50-78543588fb40":274},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":273},"01a07863-eb73-7e8f-958a-c0f93b0b2a1e","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-d828-7931-ae50-78543588fb40","대화의 초점과 주제 잇기","Use the question and surrounding context to decide whether the noun is established, newly focused, or contrasted, then choose the best particle.","'-은\u002F는'과 '-이\u002F가'로 대화 초점 잇기","질문과 문맥으로 명사가 이미 나온 주제인지 새 초점인지 판단해 은\u002F는과 이\u002F가를 고르는 빈칸 연습이에요. 누가 회의록을 정리했는지 묻는 질문에 지수가, 지수는 무엇을 고쳤는지 묻는 질문에 지수는으로 답해요. 새 정보와 이미 아는 정보를 조사로 나누는 원리를 익혀요.",0,"word_select",[13,35,50,74,92,108,124,140,159,175,191,207,232,257],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":16,"exampleSentence":17,"blanks":18},"01a07863-eb74-7267-bce9-d703b4e6cbb8","“누가 회의록을 정리했어요?”라는 질문에 대조 없이 사람을 처음 밝히려면 “지수__1__ 정리했어요.”라고 해요.","The question asks who did the action, so 지수 is new focus. Because 지수 ends in a vowel, the subject marker is 가.","“누가 우승했어요?”라는 질문에는 “하린이가 우승했어요.”라고 답할 수 있어요.",[19],{"id":20,"blankNumber":21,"options":22},"01a07863-eb74-71df-bce9-d703b45c43ce",1,[23,27,30],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb74-70d3-bce9-d703b328ea9f","는",false,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb74-712f-bce9-d703b344836f","도",{"id":31,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb74-719b-bce9-d703b4031f5a","가",true,2,{"id":36,"sentenceTemplate":37,"displayOrder":21,"explanation":38,"exampleSentence":39,"blanks":40},"01a07863-eb74-744b-bce9-d703b7cd4a4c","“지수는 무엇을 수정했어요?”에 이미 제시된 사람을 주제로 유지해 답하려면 “지수__1__ 안내문을 수정했어요.”라고 해요.","지수 is already the topic in the question and remains the topic in the answer. Because it ends in a vowel, use 는.","“도윤이는 무엇을 주문했어요?”에는 “도윤이는 비빔밥을 주문했어요.”라고 답해요.",[41],{"id":42,"blankNumber":21,"options":43},"01a07863-eb74-73d7-bce9-d703b7a905d9",[44,46,48],{"id":45,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb74-7303-bce9-d703b56ef47e",{"id":47,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb74-7347-bce9-d703b63ed490",{"id":49,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb74-738f-bce9-d703b6d5f101",{"id":51,"sentenceTemplate":52,"displayOrder":34,"explanation":53,"exampleSentence":54,"blanks":55},"01a07863-eb74-778b-bce9-d703bc5ef958","아직 듣는 사람이 모르는 인물을 소개한 뒤 이어서 설명해요. “오늘 상담실에 새 통역사__1__ 왔어요. 그 통역사__2__ 세 언어를 할 수 있어요.”","The first sentence introduces 통역사 as new information, so it takes 가. The second sentence continues with that known person as its topic, so it takes 는.","골목에 작은 빵집이 생겼어요. 그 빵집은 아침 일찍 문을 열어요.",[56,65],{"id":57,"blankNumber":21,"options":58},"01a07863-eb74-75c7-bce9-d703ba35c659",[59,61,63],{"id":60,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb74-74f7-bce9-d703b88a392a",{"id":62,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb74-753f-bce9-d703b92e0eb3",{"id":64,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb74-7583-bce9-d703b96c519d",{"id":66,"blankNumber":34,"options":67},"01a07863-eb74-770f-bce9-d703bc15b5c4",[68,70,72],{"id":69,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb74-7643-bce9-d703baf7e950",{"id":71,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb74-7687-bce9-d703bb26aa16",{"id":73,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb74-76cb-bce9-d703bbf3f91b",{"id":75,"sentenceTemplate":76,"displayOrder":77,"explanation":78,"exampleSentence":79,"blanks":80},"01a07863-eb74-79ab-bce9-d703bf5af33e","다른 날씨와 대조하지 않고 창밖 상황을 처음 알리면 “지금 바람__1__ 세게 불어요.”라고 해요.",3,"This is a neutral report of a newly observed event, so 바람 is marked as the subject. Its final consonant requires 이.","밖에 안개가 짙게 끼었어요.",[81],{"id":82,"blankNumber":21,"options":83},"01a07863-eb74-7927-bce9-d703beea19b6",[84,87,89],{"id":85,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb74-784f-bce9-d703bcc64b11","은",{"id":88,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb74-789f-bce9-d703bd9b8763",{"id":90,"optionText":91,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb74-78e3-bce9-d703be82d3b4","이",{"id":93,"sentenceTemplate":94,"displayOrder":95,"explanation":96,"exampleSentence":97,"blanks":98},"01a07863-eb74-7b87-bce9-d703c34bb099","비를 한쪽 대조 주제로 세워, 비가 오기는 하지만 행사는 계속된다고 말해요. “비__1__ 오지만 행사는 예정대로 열려요.”",4,"The prompt explicitly sets 비 up as a contrastive topic. Because 비 ends in a vowel, the correct topic marker is 는, not 은.","바람은 불지만 배는 정상적으로 출항해요.",[99],{"id":100,"blankNumber":21,"options":101},"01a07863-eb74-7b13-bce9-d703c25a86d5",[102,104,106],{"id":103,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb74-7a3f-bce9-d703c04f9a5a",{"id":105,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb74-7a83-bce9-d703c129e4aa",{"id":107,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb74-7ac7-bce9-d703c1a1e66a",{"id":109,"sentenceTemplate":110,"displayOrder":111,"explanation":112,"exampleSentence":113,"blanks":114},"01a07863-eb74-7d5f-bce9-d703c578b8cc","다른 조건과 비교하지 않고 수프의 맛을 처음 평가하면 “수프__1__ 아주 담백해요.”라고 해요.",5,"The taste is presented as a new, neutral judgment, so 수프 takes 가. 는 would suggest a contrast with some other aspect of the soup.","갓 구운 빵이 정말 부드러워요.",[115],{"id":116,"blankNumber":21,"options":117},"01a07863-eb74-7ce3-bce9-d703c51d4be5",[118,120,122],{"id":119,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb74-7c1b-bce9-d703c42226cd",{"id":121,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb74-7c5f-bce9-d703c487dee3",{"id":123,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb74-7ca3-bce9-d703c4943703",{"id":125,"sentenceTemplate":126,"displayOrder":127,"explanation":128,"exampleSentence":129,"blanks":130},"01a07863-eb74-7f33-bce9-d703c773bc2f","맛과 양을 각각 대조 항목으로 세워 평가해요. “맛__1__ 괜찮지만 양은 너무 적어요.”",6,"Taste and quantity are explicitly contrasted, so 맛 takes the contrastive topic marker. Its final consonant requires 은.","디자인은 예쁘지만 기능은 단순해요.",[131],{"id":132,"blankNumber":21,"options":133},"01a07863-eb74-7ebf-bce9-d703c6e621dd",[134,136,138],{"id":135,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb74-7deb-bce9-d703c5d1c384",{"id":137,"optionText":91,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb74-7e2f-bce9-d703c67688ef",{"id":139,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb74-7e7b-bce9-d703c6e579dc",{"id":141,"sentenceTemplate":142,"displayOrder":143,"explanation":144,"exampleSentence":145,"blanks":146},"01a07863-eb75-7172-94b7-8e20808c1b24","처음 만난 자리에서 자신을 대화의 주제로 세워 소개하고, 다른 사람과 특별히 대비하지 않아요. “__1__ 환경공학을 공부해요.”",7,"In a neutral self-introduction, 저는 establishes the speaker as the topic. 제가 would focus the speaker as the answer to “who?”.","저는 주말마다 수영을 해요.",[147],{"id":148,"blankNumber":21,"options":149},"01a07863-eb75-70f6-94b7-8e20806c68b5",[150,153,156],{"id":151,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb75-7026-94b7-8e207e8900b9","제가",{"id":154,"optionText":155,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb75-7072-94b7-8e207f661342","저도",{"id":157,"optionText":158,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb75-70b6-94b7-8e207f94a56e","저는",{"id":160,"sentenceTemplate":161,"displayOrder":162,"explanation":163,"exampleSentence":164,"blanks":165},"01a07863-eb75-7352-94b7-8e2083a1d0ea","“누가 먼저 시범을 보일래요?”에 자신이 바로 그 사람임을 대조 없이 밝혀요. “__1__ 먼저 해 볼게요.”",8,"The speaker directly fills the “who?” slot in the question, so 제가 marks the focused subject.","“누가 안내할까요?”라고 물으면 “제가 안내할게요.”라고 답할 수 있어요.",[166],{"id":167,"blankNumber":21,"options":168},"01a07863-eb75-72de-94b7-8e2082fc21af",[169,171,173],{"id":170,"optionText":158,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb75-71fe-94b7-8e20812230d4",{"id":172,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb75-7256-94b7-8e20818b8d25",{"id":174,"optionText":155,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb75-729e-94b7-8e20826a0bf1",{"id":176,"sentenceTemplate":177,"displayOrder":178,"explanation":179,"exampleSentence":180,"blanks":181},"01a07863-eb75-7546-94b7-8e2085ff8327","출석을 처음 확인하며 “누가 아직 안 왔어요?”라고 물었어요. 빠진 사람을 새 정보로 답하면 “민준__1__ 아직 안 왔어요.”라고 해요.",9,"The answer identifies the missing person as new focus. Because 민준 ends in a final consonant, the subject marker is 이.","“누가 신청서를 안 냈어요?”라는 질문에는 “서연이가 안 냈어요.”라고 답해요.",[182],{"id":183,"blankNumber":21,"options":184},"01a07863-eb75-74ce-94b7-8e208538f3db",[185,187,189],{"id":186,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb75-73e6-94b7-8e2084915e39",{"id":188,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb75-742a-94b7-8e208516410f",{"id":190,"optionText":91,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb75-746e-94b7-8e208530c79a",{"id":192,"sentenceTemplate":193,"displayOrder":194,"explanation":195,"exampleSentence":196,"blanks":197},"01a07863-eb75-771e-94b7-8e20883153a5","다른 조원들은 모두 회의실에 들어왔지만 민준만 아직 보이지 않아요. “민준__1__ 아직 회의실에 없어요.”",10,"민준 is contrasted with the other members who are already present. Its final consonant requires the contrastive marker 은.","다른 서류는 도착했지만 계약서는 아직 안 왔어요.",[198],{"id":199,"blankNumber":21,"options":200},"01a07863-eb75-76a2-94b7-8e2087c6a777",[201,203,205],{"id":202,"optionText":91,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb75-75da-94b7-8e2086a54285",{"id":204,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb75-7622-94b7-8e208781b9cf",{"id":206,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb75-7666-94b7-8e2087b02218",{"id":208,"sentenceTemplate":209,"displayOrder":210,"explanation":211,"exampleSentence":212,"blanks":213},"01a07863-eb75-7a46-94b7-8e208c87b306","두 장르를 각각 대조 대상으로 세워 취향을 말해요. “소설__1__ 자주 읽지만 시__2__ 거의 안 읽어요.”",11,"The two genres are contrasted as topics, so the usual object markers are replaced by 은 after 소설 and 는 after 시.","재즈는 즐겨 듣지만 클래식은 가끔만 들어요.",[214,223],{"id":215,"blankNumber":21,"options":216},"01a07863-eb75-7882-94b7-8e208ab1f5d8",[217,219,221],{"id":218,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb75-77aa-94b7-8e2089141855",{"id":220,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb75-77ee-94b7-8e2089b94f06",{"id":222,"optionText":91,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb75-783e-94b7-8e208a78f78e",{"id":224,"blankNumber":34,"options":225},"01a07863-eb75-79d2-94b7-8e208c321af7",[226,228,230],{"id":227,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb75-78f2-94b7-8e208b244322",{"id":229,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb75-7936-94b7-8e208b2af170",{"id":231,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb75-7982-94b7-8e208b6fe9d9",{"id":233,"sentenceTemplate":234,"displayOrder":235,"explanation":236,"exampleSentence":237,"blanks":238},"01a07863-eb75-7d8e-94b7-8e2091bcac76","이미 발표 자료를 주제로 삼아 만든 사람을 묻고, 처음 알아낸 제작자를 답해요. “이 자료__1__ 누가 만들었어요?” “유진__2__ 만들었어요.”",12,"자료 is the established topic of the question and therefore takes 는. 유진 is the newly identified maker and ends in a consonant, so it takes 이.","“이 노래는 누가 골랐어요?” “다현이가 골랐어요.”",[239,248],{"id":240,"blankNumber":21,"options":241},"01a07863-eb75-7bde-94b7-8e208eb9863b",[242,244,246],{"id":243,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb75-7b0a-94b7-8e208d55f7d1",{"id":245,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb75-7b52-94b7-8e208d9eb286",{"id":247,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb75-7b96-94b7-8e208e1460cb",{"id":249,"blankNumber":34,"options":250},"01a07863-eb75-7d1e-94b7-8e2091227ae9",[251,253,255],{"id":252,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb75-7c4a-94b7-8e208fb4e1f0",{"id":254,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb75-7c8e-94b7-8e208fcafa93",{"id":256,"optionText":91,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb75-7cda-94b7-8e209030bca0",{"id":258,"sentenceTemplate":259,"displayOrder":260,"explanation":261,"exampleSentence":262,"blanks":263},"01a07863-eb75-7f9a-94b7-8e20935c9c0c","할 일을 나누면서 다른 일은 몰라도 자료 정리는 자신이 맡겠다고 대조해요. “__1__ 자료를 정리할게요.”",13,"The speaker contrasts their own assignment with what others may do, so 저는 is the appropriate contrastive topic form.","다른 분들은 먼저 가세요. 저는 문을 잠그고 갈게요.",[264],{"id":265,"blankNumber":21,"options":266},"01a07863-eb75-7f22-94b7-8e209325fd96",[267,269,271],{"id":268,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-eb75-7e56-94b7-8e2091d9496d",{"id":270,"optionText":158,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":21},"01a07863-eb75-7e9e-94b7-8e20921d85d9",{"id":272,"optionText":155,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-eb75-7ede-94b7-8e2092718487","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_25cc56f7-61fd-4743-a336-0276571fb860_hero.webp?v=1788726209",{"title":275,"slug":276,"language":277,"level":278},"'-은\u002F는'과 '-이\u002F가'의 정보 구조","eun-neun-i-ga-jeongbo-gujo","ko","B1"]