[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a07863-feb3-77d9-9041-3021dea446c4":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-da1a-7719-91c8-b6148f06c992":315},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":314},"01a07863-feb3-77d9-9041-3021dea446c4","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-da1a-7719-91c8-b6148f06c992","Choose tense, negation, and causal context","Choose the causal form that matches the time, negation, and purpose of the sentence.","이유 표현의 시제·부정·문맥 고르기","설비가 고장 났기 때문에 생산이 늦어졌습니다처럼 이미 일어난 과거 원인을 밝히고, 제안문에는 -기 때문에 대신 -(으)니까를 쓰는 차이를 함께 익혀요. 사고 보고서와 일상 제안을 꼼꼼히 읽고 시제, 부정, 문장의 목적과 맥락에 맞는 이유 표현을 빈칸마다 골라 넣어요.",1,"word_select",[13,35,53,83,102,121,140,171,190,219,238,257,276,295],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"exampleSentence":18,"blanks":19},"01a07863-feb3-7b75-9041-3021e121e253","Complete this incident report: “설비가 어젯밤에 __1__ 오늘 생산이 늦어졌습니다.”",0,"The breakdown happened last night and caused the delay, so use the completed positive cause 고장 났기 때문에 rather than a nonpast or negative cause.","기차가 예정보다 늦게 출발했기 때문에 약속에 늦었어요.",[20],{"id":21,"blankNumber":10,"options":22},"01a07863-feb3-7ae5-9041-3021e0b3edc2",[23,27,30],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb3-79f5-9041-3021df7e7e88","고장 나기 때문에",false,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb3-7a55-9041-3021dff96623","고장 나지 않았기 때문에",{"id":31,"optionText":32,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb3-7a9d-9041-3021e0953753","고장 났기 때문에",true,2,{"id":36,"sentenceTemplate":37,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":38,"exampleSentence":39,"blanks":40},"01a07863-feb3-7d55-9041-3021e33ad684","The heating is on now, so make a direct suggestion: “난방이 켜졌__1__ 이제 외투를 벗읍시다.”","A direct suggestion naturally takes -(으)니까 as its grounds, so 켜졌으니까 leads into 벗읍시다. The other endings mark contrast or concession rather than the requested reason.","실내가 따뜻하니까 창가에 앉읍시다.",[41],{"id":42,"blankNumber":10,"options":43},"01a07863-feb3-7ce1-9041-3021e3123f5c",[44,47,50],{"id":45,"optionText":46,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb3-7c11-9041-3021e12cdb78","기 때문에",{"id":48,"optionText":49,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb3-7c59-9041-3021e1a5d922","지만",{"id":51,"optionText":52,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb3-7c9d-9041-3021e29fab23","으니까",{"id":54,"sentenceTemplate":55,"displayOrder":34,"explanation":56,"exampleSentence":57,"blanks":58},"01a07863-feb4-70c6-809e-1ff9305df376","Distinguish a direct noun cause from the fact of belonging to a category: “도로는 __1__ 막혔고, 이곳은 __2__ 차량이 우회합니다.”","공사 itself is the direct cause, so use 공사 때문에. Being a construction zone is the reason for the detour, so use 공사 구간이기 때문에.","폭설 때문에 항공편이 취소됐고, 안전 통제 구역이기 때문에 출입이 제한됩니다.",[59,71],{"id":60,"blankNumber":10,"options":61},"01a07863-feb3-7eb1-9041-3021e53ade28",[62,65,68],{"id":63,"optionText":64,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb3-7de5-9041-3021e39914f8","공사이기 때문에",{"id":66,"optionText":67,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb3-7e29-9041-3021e3cefccf","공사 때문에",{"id":69,"optionText":70,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb3-7e6d-9041-3021e46f0399","공사기 때문에",{"id":72,"blankNumber":34,"options":73},"01a07863-feb4-7052-809e-1ff92ffb9fc3",[74,77,80],{"id":75,"optionText":76,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb3-7f21-9041-3021e6197fd5","공사 구간기 때문에",{"id":78,"optionText":79,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb3-7f65-9041-3021e6de07d2","공사 구간인 때문에",{"id":81,"optionText":82,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb4-700a-809e-1ff92f6337bb","공사 구간이기 때문에",{"id":84,"sentenceTemplate":85,"displayOrder":86,"explanation":87,"exampleSentence":88,"blanks":89},"01a07863-feb4-72d6-809e-1ff933a88f47","Complete the cause in this current review: “지금은 자료가 __1__ 결론을 발표할 수 없습니다.”",3,"지금은 anchors the insufficient-data state in the present, so use 충분하지 않기 때문에 rather than the past form.","설명이 명확하지 않기 때문에 참가자들이 같은 질문을 반복해요.",[90],{"id":91,"blankNumber":10,"options":92},"01a07863-feb4-7266-809e-1ff932ee271e",[93,96,99],{"id":94,"optionText":95,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb4-7186-809e-1ff93130f910","충분하기 때문에",{"id":97,"optionText":98,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb4-71ca-809e-1ff93195bfca","충분하지 않기 때문에",{"id":100,"optionText":101,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb4-7222-809e-1ff932469cba","충분하지 않았기 때문에",{"id":103,"sentenceTemplate":104,"displayOrder":105,"explanation":106,"exampleSentence":107,"blanks":108},"01a07863-feb4-74b6-809e-1ff938083b54","Complete the past negative cause: “지난주에 표를 __1__ 그날 공연장에 들어가지 못했어요.”",4,"The failure to reserve happened last week and caused the result, so use the past negative 예약하지 않았기 때문에 rather than a present negative or a positive past cause.","신분증을 가져오지 않았기 때문에 시험장에 들어갈 수 없었어요.",[109],{"id":110,"blankNumber":10,"options":111},"01a07863-feb4-742e-809e-1ff9370bc819",[112,115,118],{"id":113,"optionText":114,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb4-7362-809e-1ff9349261a4","예약하지 않기 때문에",{"id":116,"optionText":117,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb4-73a6-809e-1ff9352cdd6f","예약했기 때문에",{"id":119,"optionText":120,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb4-73ea-809e-1ff936259bfa","예약하지 않았기 때문에",{"id":122,"sentenceTemplate":123,"displayOrder":124,"explanation":125,"exampleSentence":126,"blanks":127},"01a07863-feb4-7686-809e-1ff939bc12ad","This report was written after the survey ended: “지난 조사 당시 표본이 __1__ 결과를 전체 인구에 적용하기 어려웠습니다.”",5,"The survey is already complete and 당시 fixes the cause in the past, so the past negative 다양하지 않았기 때문에 is required; the present negative and positive past forms reverse its time or polarity.","당시 기준이 구체적이지 않았기 때문에 평가 결과가 서로 달랐습니다.",[128],{"id":129,"blankNumber":10,"options":130},"01a07863-feb4-7616-809e-1ff9394584dc",[131,134,137],{"id":132,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb4-754a-809e-1ff9385276a0","다양하지 않기 때문에",{"id":135,"optionText":136,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb4-758e-809e-1ff9385f7a4c","다양하지 않았기 때문에",{"id":138,"optionText":139,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb4-75d2-809e-1ff9392f957f","다양했기 때문에",{"id":141,"sentenceTemplate":142,"displayOrder":143,"explanation":144,"exampleSentence":145,"blanks":146},"01a07863-feb4-7996-809e-1ff93d3a32a3","Complete both causes: “오늘 행사는 __1__ 일찍 끝났고, 민수는 지금 학생__2__ 참가비를 내지 않아요.”",6,"Rain itself takes noun + 때문에 with a space: 비 때문에. Min-su’s current status takes 학생이기 때문에, with 이기 attached to the noun and 때문에 spaced inside the answer.","폭설 때문에 수업이 취소됐고, 학생이기 때문에 할인을 받아요.",[147,159],{"id":148,"blankNumber":10,"options":149},"01a07863-feb4-77da-809e-1ff93b0eebb6",[150,153,156],{"id":151,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb4-7712-809e-1ff939d34272","비이기 때문에",{"id":154,"optionText":155,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb4-7756-809e-1ff939fd25bb","비 때문에",{"id":157,"optionText":158,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb4-779a-809e-1ff93aaff7d3","비였기 때문에",{"id":160,"blankNumber":34,"options":161},"01a07863-feb4-7912-809e-1ff93d36a648",[162,165,168],{"id":163,"optionText":164,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb4-784a-809e-1ff93b9930dc","은 때문에",{"id":166,"optionText":167,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb4-788e-809e-1ff93c56d1b3","이기 때문에",{"id":169,"optionText":170,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb4-78d2-809e-1ff93c7657fb","이었기 때문에",{"id":172,"sentenceTemplate":173,"displayOrder":174,"explanation":175,"exampleSentence":176,"blanks":177},"01a07863-feb4-7b8e-809e-1ff93e8f9f5c","A formal incident report analyzes the completed cause of a shutdown: “부품이 __1__ 기계가 멈췄습니다.”",7,"In this analytical report, 손상됐기 때문에 presents completed damage as the explicit positive cause. The rivals instead make the cause nonpast or negate the damage.","부품 공급이 지연되기 때문에 완공 일정도 늦어질 것으로 예상됩니다.",[178],{"id":179,"blankNumber":10,"options":180},"01a07863-feb4-7b1a-809e-1ff93dda77da",[181,184,187],{"id":182,"optionText":183,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb4-7a52-809e-1ff93d4e9ec0","손상되기 때문에",{"id":185,"optionText":186,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb4-7a96-809e-1ff93d6a74f5","손상됐기 때문에",{"id":188,"optionText":189,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb4-7ada-809e-1ff93d7e0fa3","손상되지 않았기 때문에",{"id":191,"sentenceTemplate":192,"displayOrder":193,"explanation":194,"exampleSentence":195,"blanks":196},"01a07863-feb4-7e8e-809e-1ff9419d02d7","Contrast a completed positive cause with a completed negative cause: “어제 출입문이 __1__ 경비원이 열쇠를 가져왔고, 비상구는 __2__ 바로 사용할 수 있었습니다.”",8,"The entrance was locked, so use the completed positive cause 잠겼기 때문에. The emergency exit was not locked, so use the completed negative cause 잠기지 않았기 때문에.","창고 문이 잠겼기 때문에 관리자를 불렀지만, 옆문은 잠기지 않았기 때문에 바로 들어갔습니다.",[197,209],{"id":198,"blankNumber":10,"options":199},"01a07863-feb4-7ce2-809e-1ff93ffed7ac",[200,203,206],{"id":201,"optionText":202,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb4-7c16-809e-1ff93ee9310b","잠겼기 때문에",{"id":204,"optionText":205,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb4-7c5a-809e-1ff93fca4753","잠기지 않았기 때문에",{"id":207,"optionText":208,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb4-7c9e-809e-1ff93fe69243","잠기기 때문에",{"id":210,"blankNumber":34,"options":211},"01a07863-feb4-7e1a-809e-1ff9414d9b41",[212,214,216],{"id":213,"optionText":202,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb4-7d52-809e-1ff940720131",{"id":215,"optionText":205,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb4-7d96-809e-1ff9408a450e",{"id":217,"optionText":218,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb4-7dda-809e-1ff940c2232a","잠기지 않기 때문에",{"id":220,"sentenceTemplate":221,"displayOrder":222,"explanation":223,"exampleSentence":224,"blanks":225},"01a07863-feb5-70e8-bcf9-c5b9e554b567","The laboratory is quiet now because its ventilator is not running: “환풍기가 __1__ 실험실이 조용해요.”",9,"The quiet laboratory is caused by the ventilator’s current non-operation, so use the present negative 작동하지 않기 때문에 rather than a past negative or a positive cause.","차가 많지 않기 때문에 이 도로는 밤에 조용해요.",[226],{"id":227,"blankNumber":10,"options":228},"01a07863-feb5-7074-bcf9-c5b9e4cc51a5",[229,232,235],{"id":230,"optionText":231,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb4-7f4a-809e-1ff942444e30","작동하지 않았기 때문에",{"id":233,"optionText":234,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb4-7f8e-809e-1ff942abf372","작동하기 때문에",{"id":236,"optionText":237,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb5-702c-bcf9-c5b9e470ea37","작동하지 않기 때문에",{"id":239,"sentenceTemplate":240,"displayOrder":241,"explanation":242,"exampleSentence":243,"blanks":244},"01a07863-feb5-72c0-bcf9-c5b9e7a0a012","Explain the completed cause of the delay: “버스를 __1__ 다음 버스를 기다리느라 조금 늦었어요.”",10,"Missing the bus caused the delay, so use the completed positive cause 놓쳤기 때문에 rather than a habitual or negative cause.","길을 잘못 들었기 때문에 회의에 늦었어요.",[245],{"id":246,"blankNumber":10,"options":247},"01a07863-feb5-724c-bcf9-c5b9e7412a72",[248,251,254],{"id":249,"optionText":250,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb5-7174-bcf9-c5b9e56a36c0","놓치기 때문에",{"id":252,"optionText":253,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb5-71b8-bcf9-c5b9e630e445","놓치지 않았기 때문에",{"id":255,"optionText":256,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb5-720c-bcf9-c5b9e70bd65f","놓쳤기 때문에",{"id":258,"sentenceTemplate":259,"displayOrder":260,"explanation":261,"exampleSentence":262,"blanks":263},"01a07863-feb5-7484-bcf9-c5b9ea539ce6","You and a colleague see the traffic jam and decide what to do together: “길이 __1__ 지하철을 탑시다.”",11,"A direct proposal takes the observed blockage as its grounds with 막혔으니까. The negative form contradicts the visible jam, while -지만 marks contrast rather than the requested reason.","비가 오니까 안에서 기다립시다.",[264],{"id":265,"blankNumber":10,"options":266},"01a07863-feb5-7414-bcf9-c5b9ea1d7fd3",[267,270,273],{"id":268,"optionText":269,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb5-734c-bcf9-c5b9e7f6c4e0","막혔기 때문에",{"id":271,"optionText":272,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb5-7390-bcf9-c5b9e87b60e2","막혔으니까",{"id":274,"optionText":275,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb5-73d4-bcf9-c5b9e946a69a","막혔지만",{"id":277,"sentenceTemplate":278,"displayOrder":279,"explanation":280,"exampleSentence":281,"blanks":282},"01a07863-feb5-76c4-bcf9-c5b9ed381d4b","Complete the explicit past cause in this one-time account: “회의가 세 시간이나 이어졌어요. 회의가 늦게 __1__ 저녁 약속에 늦었어요.”",12,"The meeting ended late and caused the second delay, so use the completed positive cause 끝났기 때문에 rather than a recurring or negative cause.","수리가 예정보다 늦게 완료됐기 때문에 점검 일정이 바뀌었어요.",[283],{"id":284,"blankNumber":10,"options":285},"01a07863-feb5-7648-bcf9-c5b9ec3bd35e",[286,289,292],{"id":287,"optionText":288,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb5-7558-bcf9-c5b9eb35c975","끝나기 때문에",{"id":290,"optionText":291,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb5-75a0-bcf9-c5b9eb8860d8","끝났기 때문에",{"id":293,"optionText":294,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb5-75f0-bcf9-c5b9eba13846","끝나지 않았기 때문에",{"id":296,"sentenceTemplate":297,"displayOrder":298,"explanation":299,"exampleSentence":300,"blanks":301},"01a07863-feb5-78b0-bcf9-c5b9f081d5c6","The shutdown report identifies a threshold exceedance as its completed cause: “오늘 오전 서버 온도가 기준을 __1__ 시스템이 자동으로 중단됐습니다.”",13,"The report links the completed exceedance to a completed shutdown, so use 넘었기 때문에. The rivals make the cause nonpast or negate the exceedance.","전압이 허용치를 넘었기 때문에 안전 장치가 작동했습니다.",[302],{"id":303,"blankNumber":10,"options":304},"01a07863-feb5-7838-bcf9-c5b9ef981e80",[305,308,311],{"id":306,"optionText":307,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a07863-feb5-7754-bcf9-c5b9ed89975b","넘기 때문에",{"id":309,"optionText":310,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07863-feb5-77ac-bcf9-c5b9ee6d4593","넘지 않았기 때문에",{"id":312,"optionText":313,"isCorrect":33,"displayOrder":34},"01a07863-feb5-77f4-bcf9-c5b9eebf8a05","넘었기 때문에","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_1fcaa3e9-883f-463b-b475-dda6b89e9e67_hero.webp?v=1788726214",{"title":316,"slug":317,"language":318,"level":319},"이유의 '-기 때문에'","iyu-ui-gi-ttaemune","ko","B1"]