[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a07864-038a-765e-814e-805a63cc0de8":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-da94-7c24-baf3-7c267591a846":269},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":268},"01a07864-038a-765e-814e-805a63cc0de8","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-da94-7c24-baf3-7c267591a846","Reference and substitution in context","Use the Korean context to distinguish a new focus from an already established referent, then choose the clearest cohesive expression.","새 초점과 이미 나온 대상을 가르는 지시어 이·그","발표 화면에 새로 띄운 오류는 이, 어제 함께 읽었지만 지금 눈앞에 없는 보고서는 그처럼 문맥에 맞는 지시어와 알맞은 대용 표현을 골라 빈칸을 하나씩 채워요. 대상이 눈앞에 있는지, 앞선 대화에 나왔는지를 꼼꼼히 따져 응집성 있고 자연스러운 문장을 만들어요.",0,"word_select",[13,35,51,66,82,101,120,139,158,177,195,214,233,249],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":16,"exampleSentence":17,"blanks":18},"01a07864-038a-78c2-814e-805a659c9ec7","발표자는 지금 자기 앞 화면에 새 오류를 띄우고 그 부분을 가리켰어요. “__1__ 오류부터 자세히 살펴볼게요.”","The error is close to the speaker, directly indicated, and newly in focus, so 이 오류 is the natural choice.","이 표에서 두 번째 항목을 보세요.",[19],{"id":20,"blankNumber":21,"options":22},"01a07864-038a-7876-814e-805a64ec7e27",1,[23,27,31],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038a-77d2-814e-805a645e2c5c","그",false,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038a-7812-814e-805a645ec8fc","이",true,{"id":32,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038a-783e-814e-805a64bbb79c","저",2,{"id":36,"sentenceTemplate":37,"displayOrder":21,"explanation":38,"exampleSentence":39,"blanks":40},"01a07864-038a-79b6-814e-805a673eb7d8","어제 한 연구 보고서를 함께 읽었지만 오늘은 두 사람 모두 그 문서를 가져오지 않았어요. 지금 눈앞에 없는 그 문서를 다시 말하며 “__1__ 보고서의 결론을 검토해 봐요”라고 했어요.","The report was previously shared but is not present or being reintroduced as a new visible focus, so 그 보고서 resumes it.","지난주에 소개한 방안이 있어요. 그 방안을 다시 논의해요.",[41],{"id":42,"blankNumber":21,"options":43},"01a07864-038a-797e-814e-805a66ed2618",[44,47,49],{"id":45,"optionText":46,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038a-7916-814e-805a65fc2979","한",{"id":48,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038a-793a-814e-805a662dfc73",{"id":50,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038a-795e-814e-805a66d3d50a",{"id":52,"sentenceTemplate":53,"displayOrder":34,"explanation":54,"exampleSentence":55,"blanks":56},"01a07864-038a-7a9a-814e-805a685db37f","안내원이 관광객과 함께 광장 건너편의 먼 탑을 보며 “__1__ 탑이 옛 시계탑이에요”라고 했어요.","A distant object that speaker and listener are jointly viewing takes 저.","저 언덕 위 건물이 박물관이에요.",[57],{"id":58,"blankNumber":21,"options":59},"01a07864-038a-7a62-814e-805a685c63a5",[60,62,64],{"id":61,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038a-79fe-814e-805a6759abd8",{"id":63,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038a-7a22-814e-805a67b13c78",{"id":65,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038a-7a42-814e-805a681b8b1c",{"id":67,"sentenceTemplate":68,"displayOrder":69,"explanation":70,"exampleSentence":71,"blanks":72},"01a07864-038a-7b7a-814e-805a6acb817d","발표자가 아직 내용을 밝히기 전에 곧 설명할 방안을 예고해요. “__1__ 제안의 핵심은 다음과 같습니다: 신청 단계를 세 단계로 줄입니다.”",3,"Forward reference to information introduced immediately after the colon opens the current focus with 이 제안.","이것만 기억하세요: 신청 마감은 금요일이에요.",[73],{"id":74,"blankNumber":21,"options":75},"01a07864-038a-7b42-814e-805a6a7d9842",[76,78,80],{"id":77,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038a-7ae2-814e-805a6932e186",{"id":79,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038a-7b06-814e-805a69c384d7",{"id":81,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038a-7b22-814e-805a6a067bc7",{"id":83,"sentenceTemplate":84,"displayOrder":85,"explanation":86,"exampleSentence":87,"blanks":88},"01a07864-038a-7c66-814e-805a6c1fe61e","기술자가 회의실에 새 온도 센서와 습도계를 함께 설치했어요. 다음 문장에서 온도 센서의 성능을 분명히 설명하면 “__1__ 영하에서도 정확하게 작동해요.”가 알맞아요.",4,"Two devices are available as antecedents, so a bare 그것은 is ambiguous. Repeating 새 온도 센서는 identifies the device whose performance is described.","연구원이 측정기와 기록계를 시험했어요. 새 측정기는 습도도 기록해요.",[89],{"id":90,"blankNumber":21,"options":91},"01a07864-038a-7c22-814e-805a6c0bd6c4",[92,95,98],{"id":93,"optionText":94,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038a-7bbe-814e-805a6ae128ec","새 습도계는",{"id":96,"optionText":97,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038a-7be2-814e-805a6b420030","그것은",{"id":99,"optionText":100,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038a-7c02-814e-805a6b617149","새 온도 센서는",{"id":102,"sentenceTemplate":103,"displayOrder":104,"explanation":105,"exampleSentence":106,"blanks":107},"01a07864-038a-7d4e-814e-805a6e430c44","제3자인 팀장이 “담당자가 새 계약서를 메일로 보냈습니다”라고 알려 줬어요. 팀장이 그 문서를 직접 보여 주지 않은 채 “__1__ 오늘 안에 확인해 주세요”라고 부탁했어요.",5,"A third party mentioned the unseen document, so 목적어 대용 표현 그것을 naturally resumes it.","담당자가 파일을 보냈다고 들었어요. 그것을 먼저 열어 보세요.",[108],{"id":109,"blankNumber":21,"options":110},"01a07864-038a-7d12-814e-805a6d553396",[111,114,117],{"id":112,"optionText":113,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038a-7cae-814e-805a6c23efc2","이것을",{"id":115,"optionText":116,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038a-7cd2-814e-805a6cda36d0","그것을",{"id":118,"optionText":119,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038a-7cf2-814e-805a6cf0796f","저것을",{"id":121,"sentenceTemplate":122,"displayOrder":123,"explanation":124,"exampleSentence":125,"blanks":126},"01a07864-038a-7e2e-814e-805a705a440d","위원회가 야간 운행을 한 달 더 연장하기로 했어요. 발표자가 지금 화면에서 결정 내용을 가리키며 현재 설명의 초점으로 이름 붙이면 “__1__ 이용자 의견을 반영한 결과예요”가 알맞아요.",6,"Naming the preceding decision as the speaker’s current focus with 이 결정은 makes the source of the outcome explicit. The rivals add unsupported distance or exclusivity.","회사가 환불 기간을 늘렸어요. 이 결정은 고객 요청을 반영한 결과예요.",[127],{"id":128,"blankNumber":21,"options":129},"01a07864-038a-7df2-814e-805a6ff05519",[130,133,136],{"id":131,"optionText":132,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038a-7d92-814e-805a6eddb97d","결정만은",{"id":134,"optionText":135,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038a-7db6-814e-805a6f2ddbf7","이 결정은",{"id":137,"optionText":138,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038a-7dd6-814e-805a6f55b375","저 결정은",{"id":140,"sentenceTemplate":141,"displayOrder":142,"explanation":143,"exampleSentence":144,"blanks":145},"01a07864-038a-7f0e-814e-805a7314bed3","서점은 건물 삼 층에 있어요. 앞서 말한 층을 이어 받으면 “__1__ 작은 카페도 있어요”가 알맞아요.",7,"The floor was already introduced as a location, so 그 층에는 resumes that spatial range.","자료실은 삼 층에 있어요. 그 층에는 회의실도 있어요.",[146],{"id":147,"blankNumber":21,"options":148},"01a07864-038a-7ed6-814e-805a729ec054",[149,152,155],{"id":150,"optionText":151,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038a-7e72-814e-805a7140bd9b","이 층에는",{"id":153,"optionText":154,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038a-7e96-814e-805a72247af0","그 층에는",{"id":156,"optionText":157,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038a-7eb6-814e-805a724cdaf2","저 층에는",{"id":159,"sentenceTemplate":160,"displayOrder":161,"explanation":162,"exampleSentence":163,"blanks":164},"01a07864-038b-7050-bfd8-cefe693210ee","유진은 혼자 설문 결과를 정리하고 표를 만들었어요. 이어서 같은 주어가 이 두 결과물을 팀장에게 보냈다고 말해요. __1__",8,"Yujin remains the clear subject, so Korean naturally omits that subject. 그것을 would single out one unclear object rather than carry both results forward.","민호는 신청서를 작성했어요. 그리고 바로 제출했어요.",[165],{"id":166,"blankNumber":21,"options":167},"01a07864-038b-7010-bfd8-cefe684c39c5",[168,171,174],{"id":169,"optionText":170,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038a-7f52-814e-805a731bf39a","그것을 팀장에게 보냈어요.",{"id":172,"optionText":173,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038a-7f76-814e-805a73e3175a","팀장이 유진에게 보냈어요.",{"id":175,"optionText":176,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038a-7f96-814e-805a740e3aed","팀장에게 보냈어요.",{"id":178,"sentenceTemplate":179,"displayOrder":180,"explanation":181,"exampleSentence":182,"blanks":183},"01a07864-038b-7138-bfd8-cefe6b8e475d","시가 새 접수 제도를 도입했어요. 이 제도는 입력 오류를 줄였어요. 담당 부서는 이용 안내도 고쳤어요. 주제를 다시 제도로 돌리면 “__1__ 다음 달에도 유지돼요”가 알맞아요.",9,"The intervening sentence shifts to the department, so repeating 새 접수 제도는 clearly restarts the original referential chain.","새 노선이 생겼어요. 담당 부서는 표지판을 바꿨어요. 새 노선은 주말에도 운행해요.",[184],{"id":185,"blankNumber":21,"options":186},"01a07864-038b-7100-bfd8-cefe6b30bc55",[187,189,192],{"id":188,"optionText":97,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038b-7098-bfd8-cefe69bb2e75",{"id":190,"optionText":191,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038b-70c4-bfd8-cefe6a1b155a","담당 부서는",{"id":193,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038b-70e4-bfd8-cefe6a8dd5f8","새 접수 제도는",{"id":196,"sentenceTemplate":197,"displayOrder":198,"explanation":199,"exampleSentence":200,"blanks":201},"01a07864-038b-7218-bfd8-cefe6dee8c52","온라인 신청자가 지난달보다 두 배 늘었고 창구 신청자는 줄었어요. 두 흐름을 함께 받아 “__1__ 상담 인력 재배치의 계기가 됐어요”라고 쓰세요.",10,"The plural trend includes both an increase and a decrease, so 이러한 변화는 names the combined development rather than only one side.","방문은 줄고 온라인 주문은 늘었어요. 이러한 변화는 매장 운영에도 영향을 줬어요.",[202],{"id":203,"blankNumber":21,"options":204},"01a07864-038b-71e0-bfd8-cefe6dcb8f80",[205,208,211],{"id":206,"optionText":207,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038b-7180-bfd8-cefe6c8160bd","이 증가는",{"id":209,"optionText":210,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038b-71a0-bfd8-cefe6ccdf949","이러한 변화는",{"id":212,"optionText":213,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038b-71c0-bfd8-cefe6d918624","그 감소는",{"id":215,"sentenceTemplate":216,"displayOrder":217,"explanation":218,"exampleSentence":219,"blanks":220},"01a07864-038b-72f4-bfd8-cefe703d6c64","담당자가 아직 말하지 않은 신청 마감 시각을 바로 뒤에서 알려 주려고 해요. “__1__: 신청 마감은 오후 여섯 시예요.”",11,"The phrase before the colon points forward to information supplied immediately afterward, so 이 점 opens the current focus.","먼저 이 점을 확인하세요: 면접은 온라인으로 진행돼요.",[221],{"id":222,"blankNumber":21,"options":223},"01a07864-038b-72bc-bfd8-cefe6fbbc0dc",[224,227,230],{"id":225,"optionText":226,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038b-725c-bfd8-cefe6dfc6327","먼저 이 점을 확인하세요",{"id":228,"optionText":229,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038b-727c-bfd8-cefe6eb506ae","먼저 그 점을 확인하세요",{"id":231,"optionText":232,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038b-729c-bfd8-cefe6f04fb6c","먼저 저 점을 확인하세요",{"id":234,"sentenceTemplate":235,"displayOrder":236,"explanation":237,"exampleSentence":238,"blanks":239},"01a07864-038b-73d4-bfd8-cefe72509726","청자가 손에 들고 있는 신청서를 화자가 가리키며 말해요. “__1__ 신청서에는 서명이 빠졌어요.”",12,"The form is close to the listener and jointly attended to, so 그 신청서 is appropriate.","지금 들고 있는 그 서류를 제게 주세요.",[240],{"id":241,"blankNumber":21,"options":242},"01a07864-038b-7398-bfd8-cefe71c884de",[243,245,247],{"id":244,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038b-7338-bfd8-cefe711974f7",{"id":246,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038b-735c-bfd8-cefe71b02c36",{"id":248,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038b-737c-bfd8-cefe71b58de2",{"id":250,"sentenceTemplate":251,"displayOrder":252,"explanation":253,"exampleSentence":254,"blanks":255},"01a07864-038b-74e4-bfd8-cefe74e22a15","가격이 계속 오르고 있어요. 앞의 상황을 조건으로 받아 계획 변경을 제안하면 “상황이 __1__ 계획을 바꿔야 해요.”",13,"그렇다면 substitutes for the previously described state and turns it into a condition for changing the plan. The rivals encode past counterfactuality or contrast instead.","납기가 더 늦어진다니 그렇다면 일정을 바꿔야 해요.",[256],{"id":257,"blankNumber":21,"options":258},"01a07864-038b-7480-bfd8-cefe7439fa71",[259,262,265],{"id":260,"optionText":261,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-038b-7418-bfd8-cefe733a42d9","그랬다면",{"id":263,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-038b-7438-bfd8-cefe734051db","그렇지만",{"id":266,"optionText":267,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-038b-7464-bfd8-cefe73625eaf","그렇다면","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_3f1904ea-119c-42ff-b2cf-15b50cb0b064_hero.webp?v=1788726215",{"title":270,"slug":271,"language":272,"level":273},"지시어와 대용어의 응집성","jisiseo-wa-daeyongeo-ui-eungjipseong","ko","B2"]