[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a07864-0679-7bf6-8242-605444a43e46":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-dae3-76be-a04f-a7a29ae9798e":275},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":274},"01a07864-0679-7bf6-8242-605444a43e46","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-dae3-76be-a04f-a7a29ae9798e","Choosing Particles by Discourse Role","Choose the Korean particle or expression that matches the established topic, new information, or contrast in each context.","담화 역할에 맞는 조사 은\u002F는과 이\u002F가","이미 논의 중인 안건은 안건은으로, 무슨 일이 있었냐는 물음에는 회의가처럼 앞서 확립된 주제, 새 정보, 대조 가운데 명사가 담화에서 맡은 역할에 맞는 조사와 표현을 정확하게 골라요. 업무 회의 장면의 짧은 대화로 정보 구조를 꼼꼼히 따져 빈칸을 하나씩 채워요.",0,"word_select",[13,35,53,71,90,109,125,144,163,179,198,217,236,255],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":16,"exampleSentence":17,"blanks":18},"01a07864-067a-7020-b856-f3bee6a57e24","회의 자료를 펼치며 이미 논의 중인 안건을 다시 꺼냈다. “__1__ 검토가 더 필요합니다.”","The agenda item is already active in the discourse, so 안건은 establishes it as the topic for the following comment.","이 제안은 비용 검토가 더 필요하다.",[19],{"id":20,"blankNumber":21,"options":22},"01a07864-0679-7f22-8242-605446bfff2b",1,[23,27,31],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0679-7e46-8242-6054455215c2","안건이",false,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0679-7ea2-8242-6054462972c0","안건은",true,{"id":32,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0679-7ed2-8242-605446927f99","안건만",2,{"id":36,"sentenceTemplate":37,"displayOrder":21,"explanation":38,"exampleSentence":39,"blanks":40},"01a07864-067a-718c-b856-f3bee897d6b5","“무슨 일이 있었어요?”라는 질문에 “__1__ 예상보다 일찍 끝났어요.”라고 답했다.","Because the question introduces no meeting as an established topic, 회의가 presents the subject as part of a wholly new event.","무슨 일이 있었어요? 발표가 취소됐어요.",[41],{"id":42,"blankNumber":21,"options":43},"01a07864-067a-7148-b856-f3bee8220300",[44,47,50],{"id":45,"optionText":46,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-70b8-b856-f3bee785daa3","회의가",{"id":48,"optionText":49,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-70e8-b856-f3bee793ff72","회의는",{"id":51,"optionText":52,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-7110-b856-f3bee7ebe3e3","회의만은",{"id":54,"sentenceTemplate":55,"displayOrder":34,"explanation":56,"exampleSentence":57,"blanks":58},"01a07864-067a-72a0-b856-f3beeb74517a","인력은 충분하지만 비용에는 문제가 있음을 대비해 말했다. “인력은 괜찮지만 __1__ 부족합니다.”","The context contrasts adequate staffing with an inadequate budget, so 예산은 marks the second contrastive topic; additive 예산도 would introduce an unsupported additional shortage.","일정은 괜찮지만 예산은 빠듯하다.",[59],{"id":60,"blankNumber":21,"options":61},"01a07864-067a-724c-b856-f3beeb38c435",[62,65,68],{"id":63,"optionText":64,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-71dc-b856-f3bee95e34ec","예산도",{"id":66,"optionText":67,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-7200-b856-f3beea1ee036","예산은",{"id":69,"optionText":70,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-7228-b856-f3beea3efd85","예산을",{"id":72,"sentenceTemplate":73,"displayOrder":74,"explanation":75,"exampleSentence":76,"blanks":77},"01a07864-067a-7440-b856-f3beedae743c","여러 사람이 보고서를 냈다. 그중 “__1__ 수정한 보고서가 최종본으로 채택되었다.”",3,"민지가 identifies the newly selected subject inside the relative clause 수정한.","수연이가 작성한 초안이 회의에 올랐다.",[78],{"id":79,"blankNumber":21,"options":80},"01a07864-067a-73e0-b856-f3beeda88384",[81,84,87],{"id":82,"optionText":83,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-7330-b856-f3beebae830b","민지가",{"id":85,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-7370-b856-f3beeca670d0","민지는",{"id":88,"optionText":89,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-73a8-b856-f3beed46cf0a","민지도",{"id":91,"sentenceTemplate":92,"displayOrder":93,"explanation":94,"exampleSentence":95,"blanks":96},"01a07864-067a-763c-b856-f3beef968546","“어떤 파일이 손상됐어요?”라는 질문에 “최종 __1__ 손상됐어요.”라고 답했다.",4,"The question asks which file was damaged, so 보고서가 carries narrow subject focus.","어떤 장비가 멈췄어요? 주 서버가 멈췄어요.",[97],{"id":98,"blankNumber":21,"options":99},"01a07864-067a-75b0-b856-f3beef3f3a16",[100,103,106],{"id":101,"optionText":102,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-74f0-b856-f3beee4c5a10","보고서는",{"id":104,"optionText":105,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-7530-b856-f3beee59853e","보고서도",{"id":107,"optionText":108,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-7568-b856-f3beef2584a1","보고서가",{"id":110,"sentenceTemplate":111,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":113,"exampleSentence":114,"blanks":115},"01a07864-067a-7760-b856-f3bef110268f","이미 화제인 그 보고서의 용도를 설명하며 말했다. “민지가 수정한 __1__ 제출용입니다.”",5,"The report is already established and its purpose is the new comment, so 보고서는 marks it as the topic rather than identificational focus.","지수가 작성한 제안서는 내부 검토용이다.",[116],{"id":117,"blankNumber":21,"options":118},"01a07864-067a-7710-b856-f3bef0f41ce2",[119,121,123],{"id":120,"optionText":102,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-7698-b856-f3beefb403db",{"id":122,"optionText":108,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-76c4-b856-f3beefedb99d",{"id":124,"optionText":105,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-76ec-b856-f3bef00a39da",{"id":126,"sentenceTemplate":127,"displayOrder":128,"explanation":129,"exampleSentence":130,"blanks":131},"01a07864-067a-785c-b856-f3bef3a2deb5","“누가 일정 변경을 알렸어요?”라는 질문에 “__1__ 일정 변경을 알렸어요.”라고 답했다.",6,"The question requests the agent, so 운영팀이 supplies the narrowly focused new subject.","누가 초안을 보냈어요? 법무팀이 초안을 보냈어요.",[132],{"id":133,"blankNumber":21,"options":134},"01a07864-067a-7820-b856-f3bef2bf2587",[135,138,141],{"id":136,"optionText":137,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-77b0-b856-f3bef1395968","운영팀은",{"id":139,"optionText":140,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-77d8-b856-f3bef1ff3034","운영팀도",{"id":142,"optionText":143,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-77fc-b856-f3bef2432554","운영팀이",{"id":145,"sentenceTemplate":146,"displayOrder":147,"explanation":148,"exampleSentence":149,"blanks":150},"01a07864-067a-794c-b856-f3bef6fbfbc9","본관과 별관의 운영 시간을 대비하며 말했다. “본관은 여섯 시에 닫지만 __1__ 여덟 시까지 엽니다.”",7,"The two locations receive contrasting descriptions, so 별관은 forms the second contrastive topic.","도서관은 열지만 열람실은 닫는다.",[151],{"id":152,"blankNumber":21,"options":153},"01a07864-067a-7910-b856-f3bef62df93a",[154,157,160],{"id":155,"optionText":156,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-78a8-b856-f3bef4890741","별관은",{"id":158,"optionText":159,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-78d0-b856-f3bef4da7602","별관이",{"id":161,"optionText":162,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-78f0-b856-f3bef5706fb8","별관만",{"id":164,"sentenceTemplate":165,"displayOrder":166,"explanation":167,"exampleSentence":168,"blanks":169},"01a07864-067a-7a40-b856-f3befa0871bc","“보고서는 누가 수정했어요?”라는 질문에 “보고서는 __1__ 수정했어요.”라고 답했다.",8,"보고서는 remains the given topic, while 민지가 fills the question’s missing agent slot.","계약서는 누가 검토했어요? 계약서는 변호사가 검토했어요.",[170],{"id":171,"blankNumber":21,"options":172},"01a07864-067a-7a04-b856-f3bef965a98b",[173,175,177],{"id":174,"optionText":83,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-799c-b856-f3bef7dd1e19",{"id":176,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-79c0-b856-f3bef8a16cd5",{"id":178,"optionText":89,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-79e4-b856-f3bef8d098d9",{"id":180,"sentenceTemplate":181,"displayOrder":182,"explanation":183,"exampleSentence":184,"blanks":185},"01a07864-067a-7b30-b856-f3befc7538dc","“회의 도중 갑자기 무슨 문제가 생겼어요?”라는 질문에 가장 자연스러운 대답은 “__1__”이다.",9,"A whole-event answer introduces both the new subject and its change of state.","무슨 문제가 생겼어요? 천장에서 물이 새기 시작했어요.",[186],{"id":187,"blankNumber":21,"options":188},"01a07864-067a-7af4-b856-f3befbeb7ba9",[189,192,195],{"id":190,"optionText":191,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-7a8c-b856-f3befaf3021e","회의실 조명은 이미 화제였어요",{"id":193,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-7ab0-b856-f3befb74cdc1","회의실 조명이 갑자기 꺼졌어요",{"id":196,"optionText":197,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-7ad4-b856-f3befbb960f9","회의실 조명만 비교했어요",{"id":199,"sentenceTemplate":200,"displayOrder":201,"explanation":202,"exampleSentence":203,"blanks":204},"01a07864-067a-7c2c-b856-f3befe495e0e","행사라는 큰 주제를 유지한 채 그 안의 발표자를 소개했다. “세미나에서는 __1__ 기조연설을 했습니다.”",10,"세미나에서는 sets the scene topic, and 김 교수가 introduces the new agent inside its comment.","워크숍에서는 연구팀장이 결과를 발표했다.",[205],{"id":206,"blankNumber":21,"options":207},"01a07864-067a-7bf4-b856-f3befdbd0fa7",[208,211,214],{"id":209,"optionText":210,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-7b88-b856-f3befd079539","김 교수는",{"id":212,"optionText":213,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-7bb0-b856-f3befd91d70e","김 교수도",{"id":215,"optionText":216,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-7bd0-b856-f3befda36753","김 교수가",{"id":218,"sentenceTemplate":219,"displayOrder":220,"explanation":221,"exampleSentence":222,"blanks":223},"01a07864-067a-7d20-b856-f3bf0152d110","앞에서 민수와 지연을 비교하던 중 “민수는 보고서를 냈다.”라고 했다. 가장 자연스러운 해석은 __1__.",11,"In this comparison, 민수는 makes Minsu a contrastive topic but does not entail that Jiyeon failed to submit a report.","수연은 참석했다는 말만으로 다른 사람의 불참이 확정되지는 않는다.",[224],{"id":225,"blankNumber":21,"options":226},"01a07864-067a-7ce4-b856-f3bf00814fdd",[227,230,233],{"id":228,"optionText":229,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-7c7c-b856-f3beff0e3396","민수만 보고서를 냈다고 확정한다",{"id":231,"optionText":232,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-7ca0-b856-f3beff5a457d","민수를 대비 주제로 삼되 다른 사람의 행동은 열어 둔다",{"id":234,"optionText":235,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-7cc4-b856-f3beffc6f785","민수가 새 정보의 유일한 주어라고 확정한다",{"id":237,"sentenceTemplate":238,"displayOrder":239,"explanation":240,"exampleSentence":241,"blanks":242},"01a07864-067a-7e10-b856-f3bf048e1e23","모두 불참할 것이라는 예상과 달리 “민수만은 회의에 왔다.”라고 했다. 이 문장이 덧붙이는 함축은 __1__.",12,"만은 restricts the claim to Minsu while highlighting that at least his attendance contradicted the expectation.","다들 포기했지만 수연만은 끝까지 남았다.",[243],{"id":244,"blankNumber":21,"options":245},"01a07864-067a-7dd4-b856-f3bf03cc99d1",[246,249,252],{"id":247,"optionText":248,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-7d6c-b856-f3bf024ee857","민수도 다른 사람처럼 불참했다",{"id":250,"optionText":251,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-7d94-b856-f3bf02f145d9","모든 사람이 민수와 함께 참석했다",{"id":253,"optionText":254,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-7db4-b856-f3bf02f4b25b","적어도 민수는 예상과 달리 참석했다",{"id":256,"sentenceTemplate":257,"displayOrder":258,"explanation":259,"exampleSentence":260,"blanks":261},"01a07864-067a-7ef8-b856-f3bf06b23cc1","“새 사업안은 검토가 끝났습니다. __1__ 다음 주에 표결합니다.”에서 같은 주제를 자연스럽게 이어 가세요.",13,"The proposal remains the topic, so Korean naturally omits the repeated subject in the second sentence.","보고서는 완성됐다. 그리고 내일 제출한다.",[262],{"id":263,"blankNumber":21,"options":264},"01a07864-067a-7ec0-b856-f3bf062afbf0",[265,268,271],{"id":266,"optionText":267,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-067a-7e5c-b856-f3bf049a52e3","반면 새 의제는",{"id":269,"optionText":270,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-067a-7e7c-b856-f3bf055674c6","그리고",{"id":272,"optionText":273,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-067a-7ea0-b856-f3bf061aff29","그 사업안과 달리","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_4a94c247-ee47-4052-828d-d0cf0bbc0c08_hero.webp?v=1788726216",{"title":276,"slug":277,"language":278,"level":279},"주제·설명·초점의 정보 구조","juje-seolmyeong-chojeom-jeongbo-gujo","ko","C1"]