[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a07864-08b0-7586-a7cc-ca6521179628":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-db0f-7d14-b181-22045286272f":305},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":304},"01a07864-08b0-7586-a7cc-ca6521179628","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-db0f-7d14-b181-22045286272f","전위의 담화 기능과 문체 판단","Use discourse context and the following prosodic notation: [FOCUS] marks a strongly prominent phrase, while [LOW] marks a low, weak afterthought after a pause. Choose the function or register judgment that best fits.","전위 성분의 담화 기능과 문체 판단","회의 시작 때 새 안전 기준 말인데요는 새 화제 도입, 몇 달 만에 꺼낸 그 공동 연구 말이야는 끊긴 화제의 재활성화처럼 전위된 성분의 기능을 가려요. 강세와 낮은 덧붙임 억양 표시를 함께 보고 알맞은 해석을 고르며, 격식과 말투에 어울리는지도 판단해요.",2,"word_select",[13,35,62,90,107,125,142,161,178,209,228,247,266,285],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"exampleSentence":18,"blanks":19},"01a07864-08b0-77f2-a7cc-ca652318bcdc","회의가 막 시작된 뒤 진행자가 ‘새 안전 기준 말인데요, 오늘 처음 논의하겠습니다’라고 했다면 좌측 성분의 주된 기능은 __1__이다.",0,"The referent has not appeared earlier; presenting 새 안전 기준 before the clause establishes it as a new discourse topic.","발표자가 ‘지역 돌봄 사업 말입니다, 올해 새로 시작합니다’라고 하면 뒤 설명의 대상을 먼저 세운다.",[20],{"id":21,"blankNumber":22,"options":23},"01a07864-08b0-77a2-a7cc-ca6522468542",1,[24,28,32],{"id":25,"optionText":26,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-7712-a7cc-ca6521ab45b0","단절된 화제의 재활성화",false,{"id":29,"optionText":30,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-7752-a7cc-ca6521af7b10","새 화제 도입",true,{"id":33,"optionText":34,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-777e-a7cc-ca6521d0575a","화제 전환과 대조",{"id":36,"sentenceTemplate":37,"displayOrder":22,"explanation":38,"exampleSentence":39,"blanks":40},"01a07864-08b0-7982-a7cc-ca65260367fd","A와 B는 몇 달 전 공동 연구를 논의한 뒤 다른 주제들만 다뤘다. B가 오늘 “그 공동 연구 말이야, __1__ 이제 다시 추진할 수 있겠어”라고 했다면 좌측 성분의 기능은 __2__이다.","그걸 resumes the external topic as the clause-internal object, while the earlier discussion makes the referent established but inactive; the left-edge phrase reactivates it before the new comment.","‘지난번 장학 사업 말인데요, 새 후원자가 나타났습니다’는 예전에 다룬 화제를 다시 대화 중심으로 가져온다.",[41,53],{"id":42,"blankNumber":22,"options":43},"01a07864-08b0-78b2-a7cc-ca65249d47fc",[44,47,50],{"id":45,"optionText":46,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-784a-a7cc-ca65234c0f47","그분을",{"id":48,"optionText":49,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-786e-a7cc-ca65237d246b","그것에",{"id":51,"optionText":52,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-7892-a7cc-ca65245a350b","그걸",{"id":54,"blankNumber":10,"options":55},"01a07864-08b0-794a-a7cc-ca6525f13730",[56,58,60],{"id":57,"optionText":26,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-78ea-a7cc-ca6524e89a04",{"id":59,"optionText":30,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-790a-a7cc-ca6525048063",{"id":61,"optionText":34,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-792a-a7cc-ca65254215cf",{"id":63,"sentenceTemplate":64,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":65,"exampleSentence":66,"blanks":67},"01a07864-08b0-7b22-a7cc-ca652ab5c92b","“일정과 예산안을 모두 검토했습니다. 일정은 확정됐습니다. 예산안 말인데요, __1__ 아직 의회 승인을 못 받았습니다.”에서 좌측 전위의 주된 기능을 고르세요: __2__.","그건 resumes the external topic inside the clause. The first sentence has already made both 일정 and 예산안 relevant, so the discourse shifts between those established items and contrasts their status.","‘국내 판매는 안정됐고요. 해외 시장 말인데요, 거기는 아직 변수가 많습니다’는 항목을 바꾸며 대조한다.",[68,79],{"id":69,"blankNumber":22,"options":70},"01a07864-08b0-7a56-a7cc-ca6527e405ce",[71,73,76],{"id":72,"optionText":52,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-79da-a7cc-ca6526d8dd08",{"id":74,"optionText":75,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-79fe-a7cc-ca65270dbba5","그건",{"id":77,"optionText":78,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-7a36-a7cc-ca6527bea254","그분은",{"id":80,"blankNumber":10,"options":81},"01a07864-08b0-7aea-a7cc-ca652a2d28f5",[82,85,88],{"id":83,"optionText":84,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-7a8e-a7cc-ca6528d6ff03","새 화제의 최초 도입",{"id":86,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-7aae-a7cc-ca6528df7d0a","처리 부담 완화",{"id":89,"optionText":34,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-7ace-a7cc-ca6529c7b861",{"id":91,"sentenceTemplate":92,"displayOrder":93,"explanation":94,"exampleSentence":95,"blanks":96},"01a07864-08b0-7c12-a7cc-ca652d7d2bcc","A speaker says, “세 부처가 공동으로 제출한 장기 개편안 말인데요, 그 방안은 실현 가능성이 낮습니다.” What processing effect can the left-edge phrase have? __1__",3,"Placing a heavy noun phrase first and resuming it with a short form lets the listener process the referent before integrating the predicate.","‘세 부처가 공동으로 제출한 장기 개편안 말인데요, 그것은 재검토가 필요합니다’는 무거운 명사구를 먼저 처리하게 한다.",[97],{"id":98,"blankNumber":22,"options":99},"01a07864-08b0-7bde-a7cc-ca652c93dc19",[100,102,105],{"id":101,"optionText":26,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-7b7e-a7cc-ca652b493403",{"id":103,"optionText":104,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-7b9e-a7cc-ca652b8a6ede","무거운 화제를 먼저 처리하게 한다",{"id":106,"optionText":34,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-7bbe-a7cc-ca652c84067d",{"id":108,"sentenceTemplate":109,"displayOrder":110,"explanation":111,"exampleSentence":112,"blanks":113},"01a07864-08b0-7cf2-a7cc-ca652f56ee14","질문이 “도대체 누가 막판에 동의했어?”이고 답변이 “동의했어, [FOCUS] 지현이가”라면 중심 기능은 무엇인가? __1__.",4,"After a who-question, [FOCUS] on the delayed subject introduces the requested new identity and contrasts it with alternatives.","“누가 결론을 바꿨습니까?”에 ‘바꿨습니다, 위원장이’라고 마지막 명사를 강하게 표시하면 행위자의 늦은 공개가 부각된다.",[114],{"id":115,"blankNumber":22,"options":116},"01a07864-08b0-7cba-a7cc-ca652eda7d09",[117,120,122],{"id":118,"optionText":119,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-7c56-a7cc-ca652d944d39","알려진 대상의 확인",{"id":121,"optionText":34,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-7c7a-a7cc-ca652dd1a502",{"id":123,"optionText":124,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-7c9a-a7cc-ca652e335c9c","늦은 초점",{"id":126,"sentenceTemplate":127,"displayOrder":128,"explanation":129,"exampleSentence":130,"blanks":131},"01a07864-08b0-7dda-a7cc-ca653139548d","참석자가 민수라는 사실을 모두 아는 상황에서 “왔어, [LOW] 민수가”라고 했다면 __1__으로 읽기 쉽다.",5,"Because the referent is shared and the phrase bears [LOW], it confirms the actor as an afterthought rather than introducing contrastive focus.","모두가 담당자를 아는 상황에서 ‘전화했더라, 그 담당자가’를 약하게 보태면 새 인물 소개보다 확인에 가깝다.",[132],{"id":133,"blankNumber":22,"options":134},"01a07864-08b0-7d96-a7cc-ca653135923e",[135,137,139],{"id":136,"optionText":119,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-7d36-a7cc-ca652f632df1",{"id":138,"optionText":84,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-7d56-a7cc-ca6530395236",{"id":140,"optionText":141,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-7d76-a7cc-ca6530b66210","강한 대조 초점",{"id":143,"sentenceTemplate":144,"displayOrder":145,"explanation":146,"exampleSentence":147,"blanks":148},"01a07864-08b0-7eb6-a7cc-ca6532538938","말하는 이가 “내일 만나기로 했어—아니, [FOCUS] 모레 오전 열 시에”라고 말했다. 마지막 성분의 담화 기능은 __1__이다.",6,"The speaker replaces the first scheduling expression with the newly prominent 모레 오전 열 시에, so the final phrase performs an online repair.","‘부산에서 열려—정확히는 울산에서’처럼 장소를 곧바로 고치는 표현도 실시간 수선에 해당한다.",[149],{"id":150,"blankNumber":22,"options":151},"01a07864-08b0-7e7e-a7cc-ca6531f4b54e",[152,155,158],{"id":153,"optionText":154,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-7e1e-a7cc-ca65317e262f","화제 유지",{"id":156,"optionText":157,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-7e42-a7cc-ca6531d511d5","장면 도입",{"id":159,"optionText":160,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-7e62-a7cc-ca6531ef28df","발화 수선",{"id":162,"sentenceTemplate":163,"displayOrder":164,"explanation":165,"exampleSentence":166,"blanks":167},"01a07864-08b0-7f8e-a7cc-ca6534f120a8","연설자가 결론을 먼저 말한 뒤 핵심 인물을 마지막에 공개하는 ‘책임자는 결국 한 명이었습니다, [FOCUS] 의장이었습니다’는 __1__에 활용될 수 있다.",7,"Delaying the identity until the right edge sustains expectation and enables a dramatic reveal with controlled rhythm.","시상자가 ‘올해의 수상자는 바로 이분입니다, 김 연구원입니다’라고 하면 이름의 공개를 늦춰 긴장을 만든다.",[168],{"id":169,"blankNumber":22,"options":170},"01a07864-08b0-7f5a-a7cc-ca6534c936e2",[171,174,176],{"id":172,"optionText":173,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b0-7efa-a7cc-ca65333fdf3b","극적 공개와 리듬 조절",{"id":175,"optionText":119,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b0-7f1e-a7cc-ca65339922f2",{"id":177,"optionText":160,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b0-7f3e-a7cc-ca6533ee83b7",{"id":179,"sentenceTemplate":180,"displayOrder":181,"explanation":182,"exampleSentence":183,"blanks":184},"01a07864-08b1-716b-aff2-6764cc4a4c2f","소설 속 인물이 “그걸 잊을 수가 없어, 그날의 약속__1__”이라고 되뇌는 문말 덧붙임이 재현하는 효과를 고르세요: __2__.",8,"을 preserves the object relation at the right edge. This late specification in literary dialogue can enact fixation, emotional residue, or a memory that becomes verbally explicit only after the clause.","‘계속 생각나, 마지막 그 표정이’라는 대사는 뒤늦게 명명되는 대상에 감정적 무게를 실을 수 있다.",[185,197],{"id":186,"blankNumber":22,"options":187},"01a07864-08b1-70a3-aff2-6764c8f6e2e7",[188,191,194],{"id":189,"optionText":190,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b1-7037-aff2-6764c88c4008","이라고",{"id":192,"optionText":193,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b1-7063-aff2-6764c8b6780b","을",{"id":195,"optionText":196,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b1-7083-aff2-6764c8dfcc02","으로부터",{"id":198,"blankNumber":10,"options":199},"01a07864-08b1-7133-aff2-6764cc28897c",[200,203,206],{"id":201,"optionText":202,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b1-70d7-aff2-6764c9e2341e","행정문의 객관성",{"id":204,"optionText":205,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b1-70f7-aff2-6764cab3afa1","인물의 집착과 감정",{"id":207,"optionText":208,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b1-7117-aff2-6764cb9a1f04","논항 관계의 단순화",{"id":210,"sentenceTemplate":211,"displayOrder":212,"explanation":213,"exampleSentence":214,"blanks":215},"01a07864-08b1-7267-aff2-6764ce624251","Why is base order syntactically safer than “반대했다, 이전 심사에서 찬성했던 연구자 세 명이” in an academic report? __1__",9,"A long post-predicate subject forces readers to reconstruct argument and modifier scope; explicit base order is clearer in academic prose.","행정문에서는 ‘승인했다, 담당 부서가’를 ‘담당 부서가 승인했다’로 고치면 행위자 관계가 즉시 드러난다.",[216],{"id":217,"blankNumber":22,"options":218},"01a07864-08b1-722b-aff2-6764ce41095c",[219,222,225],{"id":220,"optionText":221,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b1-71c3-aff2-6764ccf758df","긴 주어의 정보량이 문말에서 강조되기",{"id":223,"optionText":224,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b1-71e3-aff2-6764cd7926c6","문말 명사구가 앞선 연구자를 재활성화하기",{"id":226,"optionText":227,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b1-720f-aff2-6764ce1d2606","누가 무엇에 반대했는지 독자가 재구성해야 하기",{"id":229,"sentenceTemplate":230,"displayOrder":231,"explanation":232,"exampleSentence":233,"blanks":234},"01a07864-08b1-7343-aff2-6764d10d5729","Choose the safest single revision principle for the legal clause “해지할 수 있다, 상대방이 의무를 위반하면 계약을.” __1__",10,"Legal drafting prioritizes an explicit condition, subject, and object in base order over the interactional effect of dislocation.","‘회수한다, 회사가 결함 제품을’을 ‘회사는 결함 제품을 회수한다’로 쓰면 주체와 대상을 분명히 할 수 있다.",[235],{"id":236,"blankNumber":22,"options":237},"01a07864-08b1-730f-aff2-6764d107ad8a",[238,241,244],{"id":239,"optionText":240,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b1-72ab-aff2-6764cf34b96c","전위의 휴지를 유지해 대조 초점을 살린다",{"id":242,"optionText":243,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b1-72cf-aff2-6764d02d0de5","생략된 성분을 밝히고 기본 어순으로 복원한다",{"id":245,"optionText":246,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b1-72ef-aff2-6764d0f3e606","조건절만 앞으로 옮기고 목적어는 문말에 둔다",{"id":248,"sentenceTemplate":249,"displayOrder":250,"explanation":251,"exampleSentence":252,"blanks":253},"01a07864-08b1-741f-aff2-6764d2403e44","Rewrite the multi-constituent right edge for formal prose: “전달했어, 실무자가, 오늘 수정본을.” → “__1__”",11,"The base-order sentence states the actor, time, object, and event in one clause without requiring the reader to reconstruct multiple right-edge phrases.","확정했다, 위원회가, 어제 새 기준을. → 위원회가 어제 새 기준을 확정했다.",[254],{"id":255,"blankNumber":22,"options":256},"01a07864-08b1-73e7-aff2-6764d2285532",[257,260,263],{"id":258,"optionText":259,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b1-738b-aff2-6764d12bc66a","오늘 수정본이 실무자를 전달했다",{"id":261,"optionText":262,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b1-73ab-aff2-6764d15546a8","실무자가 오늘 수정본을 전달했다",{"id":264,"optionText":265,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b1-73cb-aff2-6764d1aaea4a","실무자를 오늘 수정본이 전달했다",{"id":267,"sentenceTemplate":268,"displayOrder":269,"explanation":270,"exampleSentence":271,"blanks":272},"01a07864-08b1-7517-aff2-6764d4651e25","같은 ‘끝났어, 회의가’라도 맥락에 따라 초점이나 확인으로 달리 읽힐 수 있다. 가장 타당한 판정법을 고르세요: __1__.",12,"Surface order alone is insufficient; case, clause-internal counterparts, pause and prominence notation, and information status must be combined.","‘도착했어, 지원팀이’는 앞 질문과 문말 성분의 두드러짐 설명에 따라 새 행위자 공개나 알려진 행위자 확인이 될 수 있다.",[273],{"id":274,"blankNumber":22,"options":275},"01a07864-08b1-74db-aff2-6764d39c266b",[276,279,282],{"id":277,"optionText":278,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b1-7463-aff2-6764d2c8af50","형식·경계·문맥을 함께 살핀다",{"id":280,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b1-7483-aff2-6764d2ed0895","격표지와 복원한 기본 논항 구조를 우선해 판정한다",{"id":283,"optionText":284,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b1-74bb-aff2-6764d34e934f","휴지와 문말 두드러짐을 우선해 정보 구조를 판정한다",{"id":286,"sentenceTemplate":287,"displayOrder":288,"explanation":289,"exampleSentence":290,"blanks":291},"01a07864-08b1-75f7-aff2-6764d73f2091","Complete the contrast: left dislocation prepares a frame; right dislocation __1__.",13,"The left edge establishes a frame for what follows, whereas the right edge supplements, specifies, or repairs an utterance already underway.","‘그 사업 말인데, 다시 검토하자’는 앞에서 화제 틀을 만들지만 ‘다시 검토하자, 예산부터’는 나온 발화를 뒤에서 구체화한다.",[292],{"id":293,"blankNumber":22,"options":294},"01a07864-08b1-75bf-aff2-6764d683f079",[295,298,301],{"id":296,"optionText":297,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a07864-08b1-7557-aff2-6764d4e687e1","앞으로 이어질 장면을 설정하는 데 주로 쓰인다",{"id":299,"optionText":300,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a07864-08b1-7577-aff2-6764d5c05b12","끝난 듯한 말에 명세나 수선을 덧붙인다",{"id":302,"optionText":303,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-08b1-7597-aff2-6764d66357a5","빈 논항의 기본 위치를 복원하는 데 초점을 둔다","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_6af63620-ca45-4055-b6b9-e94cf2200bb1_hero.webp?v=1788726216",{"title":306,"slug":307,"language":308,"level":309},"좌측·우측 전위와 담화 기능","jwacheuk-ucheuk-jeonwi","ko","C2"]