[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a07864-0ebc-7d18-a0fa-dfea8a6068b6":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-dba0-7c89-90d4-2eef83532006":259},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":258},"01a07864-0ebc-7d18-a0fa-dfea8a6068b6","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-dba0-7c89-90d4-2eef83532006","Honorific direction and special verbs","Choose the Korean marker or verb whose honorific direction matches the subject, object, and addressee in each formal context.","높임의 방향과 께서·께, 특수 높임 동사","교수님께서 계십니다처럼 주체를 높이는 께서, 교수님께 드렸습니다처럼 받는 사람을 높이는 께와 특수 동사를 골라 빈칸을 채워요. 주어, 목적어, 듣는 사람 가운데 누구를 높이는지 격식 있는 문맥에서 판단하고, 여러 높임이 한 문장에서 부딪칠 때의 우선순위를 따져요.",0,"word_select",[13,35,51,69,88,105,124,141,160,176,195,212,242],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":16,"exampleSentence":17,"blanks":18},"01a07864-0ebd-7135-b006-ec4ddd553adf","교수님이 문장의 주체일 때 “교수님__1__ 연구실에 계십니다.”가 알맞다.","Subject honorific nominative 「께서」 marks the professor as the honored subject; 「께」 marks an honored object.","원장님께서 회의실에 계십니다.",[19],{"id":20,"blankNumber":21,"options":22},"01a07864-0ebd-70a5-b006-ec4ddceef78d",1,[23,27,31],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebc-7f2c-a0fa-dfea8b543dc2","께",false,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebc-7f98-a0fa-dfea8c402342","께서",true,{"id":32,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-7051-b006-ec4ddc2043c3","에게",2,{"id":36,"sentenceTemplate":37,"displayOrder":21,"explanation":38,"exampleSentence":39,"blanks":40},"01a07864-0ebd-7319-b006-ec4ddfd8a568","제가 교수님에게 자료를 전달한 상황에서는 “제가 교수님__1__ 자료를 드렸습니다.”라고 한다.","Object honorific 「께」 marks the honored recipient, while 「께서」 would incorrectly make the professor the subject.","제가 선생님께 원고를 드렸습니다.",[41],{"id":42,"blankNumber":21,"options":43},"01a07864-0ebd-72a5-b006-ec4ddf7f5133",[44,47,49],{"id":45,"optionText":46,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebd-71d5-b006-ec4ddd6c9998","에게서",{"id":48,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebd-721d-b006-ec4dde59140a",{"id":50,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-7261-b006-ec4ddef85941",{"id":52,"sentenceTemplate":53,"displayOrder":34,"explanation":54,"exampleSentence":55,"blanks":56},"01a07864-0ebd-751d-b006-ec4de208f6e4","합쇼체 문장 “내일 다시 연락드립니다.”에서 청자를 높이는 종결 어미는 __1__이다.","Addressee honorification is carried by the formal ending 「-습니다」; modal 「-겠-」 is a separate prefinal element.","확인 결과를 곧 알려 드립니다.",[57],{"id":58,"blankNumber":21,"options":59},"01a07864-0ebd-7461-b006-ec4de12bea61",[60,63,66],{"id":61,"optionText":62,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebd-73a1-b006-ec4ddfe25e88","「-겠-」",{"id":64,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebd-73e5-b006-ec4de0a9d881","「-시-」",{"id":67,"optionText":68,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-7421-b006-ec4de0eeb914","「-습니다」",{"id":70,"sentenceTemplate":71,"displayOrder":72,"explanation":73,"exampleSentence":74,"blanks":75},"01a07864-0ebd-76c9-b006-ec4de4ae86df","교수님이 나에게 책을 건넨 상황에서는 “교수님께서 저에게 책을 __1__.”라고 한다.",3,"The honored person is the giver, so subject-honorific 「주셨습니다」 is correct. Humble 「드리다」 points toward an honored recipient.","원장님께서 제게 안내서를 주셨습니다.",[76],{"id":77,"blankNumber":21,"options":78},"01a07864-0ebd-7661-b006-ec4de49861ce",[79,82,85],{"id":80,"optionText":81,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebd-75a9-b006-ec4de2dc1d66","주셨습니다",{"id":83,"optionText":84,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebd-75ed-b006-ec4de39baea7","드리셨습니다",{"id":86,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-7625-b006-ec4de4570341","주었습니다",{"id":89,"sentenceTemplate":90,"displayOrder":91,"explanation":92,"exampleSentence":93,"blanks":94},"01a07864-0ebd-7835-b006-ec4de6bafb98","내가 교수님에게 책을 건넨 상황에서는 “제가 교수님께 책을 __1__.”라고 한다.",4,"With the professor as honored recipient, humble 「드렸습니다」 is the only difference from the plain-verb rival.","제가 교수님께 참고 문헌을 드렸습니다.",[95],{"id":96,"blankNumber":21,"options":97},"01a07864-0ebd-77d9-b006-ec4de653111b",[98,100,103],{"id":99,"optionText":81,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebd-773d-b006-ec4de4ec5e08",{"id":101,"optionText":102,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebd-7775-b006-ec4de5e42748","드렸습니다",{"id":104,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-77a9-b006-ec4de64b8f06",{"id":106,"sentenceTemplate":107,"displayOrder":108,"explanation":109,"exampleSentence":110,"blanks":111},"01a07864-0ebd-799d-b006-ec4de9bfaaf9","교수님이 나에게 연구 이유를 질문했다. “교수님께서 저에게 이유를 __1__.”",5,"The honored person is the asking subject, so 「물으셨습니다」 is required; 「여쭈다」 is humble and points toward an honored object.","교수님께서 제게 연구 방법을 물으셨습니다.",[112],{"id":113,"blankNumber":21,"options":114},"01a07864-0ebd-7941-b006-ec4de9312c96",[115,118,121],{"id":116,"optionText":117,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebd-78a5-b006-ec4de7b9b730","여쭈셨습니다",{"id":119,"optionText":120,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebd-78dd-b006-ec4de7f7a04b","물었습니다",{"id":122,"optionText":123,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-7911-b006-ec4de8753ac1","물으셨습니다",{"id":125,"sentenceTemplate":126,"displayOrder":127,"explanation":128,"exampleSentence":129,"blanks":130},"01a07864-0ebd-7b09-b006-ec4debaac6ad","내가 교수님에게 마감일을 질문했다. “제가 교수님께 마감일을 __1__.”",6,"Humble 「여쭈었습니다」 honors the professor as the object; plain 「물었습니다」 keeps the same participants but lacks object honorification.","제가 선생님께 다음 일정을 여쭈었습니다.",[131],{"id":132,"blankNumber":21,"options":133},"01a07864-0ebd-7ab1-b006-ec4deb913829",[134,137,139],{"id":135,"optionText":136,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebd-7a11-b006-ec4dea051e85","여쭈었습니다",{"id":138,"optionText":120,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebd-7a49-b006-ec4deae848d3",{"id":140,"optionText":123,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-7a7d-b006-ec4deb815217",{"id":142,"sentenceTemplate":143,"displayOrder":144,"explanation":145,"exampleSentence":146,"blanks":147},"01a07864-0ebd-7c89-b006-ec4deda296da","교수님이 전시를 관람한 상황에서는 “교수님께서 전시를 __1__.”라고 한다.",7,"The professor is the honored viewer, so subject-honorific 「보셨습니다」 applies. 「뵙다」 requires an honored human object.","교수님께서 새 전시를 보셨습니다.",[148],{"id":149,"blankNumber":21,"options":150},"01a07864-0ebd-7c31-b006-ec4decd048cf",[151,154,157],{"id":152,"optionText":153,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebd-7b91-b006-ec4dec120eab","뵈었습니다",{"id":155,"optionText":156,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebd-7bc9-b006-ec4dec4edf4b","보셨습니다",{"id":158,"optionText":159,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-7bfd-b006-ec4decccaa51","보았습니다",{"id":161,"sentenceTemplate":162,"displayOrder":163,"explanation":164,"exampleSentence":165,"blanks":166},"01a07864-0ebd-7e05-b006-ec4defb2dbb1","내가 교수님을 직접 만난 상황에서는 “제가 교수님을 __1__.”라고 한다.",8,"Humble 「뵈었습니다」 honors the professor as the person seen; plain 「보았습니다」 is a realistic but non-humble rival.","제가 어제 교장 선생님을 뵈었습니다.",[167],{"id":168,"blankNumber":21,"options":169},"01a07864-0ebd-7da5-b006-ec4def734530",[170,172,174],{"id":171,"optionText":156,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebd-7cfd-b006-ec4dedf0ed98",{"id":173,"optionText":159,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebd-7d39-b006-ec4deecd98f0",{"id":175,"optionText":153,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-7d71-b006-ec4def2f061c",{"id":177,"sentenceTemplate":178,"displayOrder":179,"explanation":180,"exampleSentence":181,"blanks":182},"01a07864-0ebd-7f75-b006-ec4df153d8f0","교수님이 발표 계획을 말했고 더 높은 청자는 문장에 없다. “교수님께서 계획을 __1__.”",9,"An honored speaking subject uses 「말씀하셨습니다」. 「말씀드리셨습니다」 would require a separately honored recipient.","교수님께서 다음 연구 계획을 말씀하셨습니다.",[183],{"id":184,"blankNumber":21,"options":185},"01a07864-0ebd-7f19-b006-ec4df0f4776d",[186,189,192],{"id":187,"optionText":188,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebd-7e79-b006-ec4df04eaa48","말씀하셨습니다",{"id":190,"optionText":191,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebd-7eb1-b006-ec4df04f6523","말씀드리셨습니다",{"id":193,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebd-7ee5-b006-ec4df0d1f032","말했습니다",{"id":196,"sentenceTemplate":197,"displayOrder":198,"explanation":199,"exampleSentence":200,"blanks":201},"01a07864-0ebe-7153-a34a-43c66447bb4d","내가 교수님에게 일정 변경을 알렸다. “제가 교수님께 변경 사항을 __1__.”",10,"Humble 「말씀드렸습니다」 points toward the honored professor; plain 「말했습니다」 keeps the same participants but omits that direction.","제가 교수님께 심사 결과를 말씀드렸습니다.",[202],{"id":203,"blankNumber":21,"options":204},"01a07864-0ebe-70f7-a34a-43c663f5038f",[205,207,210],{"id":206,"optionText":188,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebe-704b-a34a-43c662ebb919",{"id":208,"optionText":209,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebe-708f-a34a-43c6637a0d77","말씀드렸습니다",{"id":211,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebe-70c3-a34a-43c66392d887",{"id":213,"sentenceTemplate":214,"displayOrder":215,"explanation":216,"exampleSentence":217,"blanks":218},"01a07864-0ebe-73d3-a34a-43c667d42ac3","사람과 밀접한 상태를 높이는 문장과 사물 자체를 높이지 않는 문장을 차례로 완성한다. “선생님은 키가 __1__. 고객님, 주문하신 커피 __2__.”",11,"Indirect 「-시-」 is natural for the teacher’s bodily property, but coffee is not an honorific subject and takes plain 「나왔습니다」.","할머니는 손이 따뜻하세요. 고객님, 요청하신 서류가 준비되었습니다.",[219,231],{"id":220,"blankNumber":21,"options":221},"01a07864-0ebe-7277-a34a-43c66505b591",[222,225,228],{"id":223,"optionText":224,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebe-71c7-a34a-43c6644ae7a2","큽니다",{"id":226,"optionText":227,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebe-71ff-a34a-43c664840e41","크십니다",{"id":229,"optionText":230,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebe-7243-a34a-43c664c465ea","계십니다",{"id":232,"blankNumber":34,"options":233},"01a07864-0ebe-7373-a34a-43c66703ae6e",[234,237,239],{"id":235,"optionText":236,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebe-72d3-a34a-43c665deb6ff","나오셨습니다",{"id":238,"optionText":230,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebe-7307-a34a-43c666055590",{"id":240,"optionText":241,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebe-733f-a34a-43c666f680f3","나왔습니다",{"id":243,"sentenceTemplate":244,"displayOrder":245,"explanation":246,"exampleSentence":247,"blanks":248},"01a07864-0ebe-759f-a34a-43c66a799f1f","부장님이 사장님에게 보고한 상황에서 두 높임 방향을 모두 표시하면 “부장님께서 사장님께 보고를 __1__.”라고 한다.",12,"「-시-」 honors the reporting subject and humble 「드리다」 honors the higher recipient, so the directions can coexist.","선생님께서 할아버지께 안부를 여쭈셨습니다.",[249],{"id":250,"blankNumber":21,"options":251},"01a07864-0ebe-753f-a34a-43c66a6298a6",[252,254,256],{"id":253,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a07864-0ebe-7477-a34a-43c668bb61ad",{"id":255,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a07864-0ebe-74cb-a34a-43c6693aee38",{"id":257,"optionText":84,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a07864-0ebe-7507-a34a-43c669c27266","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_b0a2a3c5-a8b0-4a80-8b3c-48592ad3838c_hero.webp?v=1788726218",{"title":260,"slug":261,"language":262,"level":263},"높임 표현의 충돌과 우선순위","nopim-pyohyeon-ui-chungdol","ko","C1"]