[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a09a7c-0e28-78a7-a6f0-69658862dcc2":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a09a7b-ebbc-7d61-9b51-ae9249b2eb16":314},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":313},"01a09a7c-0e28-78a7-a6f0-69658862dcc2","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a09a7b-ebbc-7d61-9b51-ae9249b2eb16","評価と語用論","中立的な限定、不足の強調、慎重な論証、対人評価の響きを区別して、適切な表現を選んでください。","にすぎない：中立的な限定と不足を強調する評価","参加者は二十人だった、二十人だけだった、二十人にすぎなかったのように、事実の記述、中立的な限定、不足の強調を読み比べる練習です。慎重な論証での使い方や、人の能力や立場の評価に使うときの響きも合わせて判断します。調査の数値の報告や議論の文を題材に、書き手の意図と文脈に最も合う表現を選択肢から選べるようにします。",1,"word_select",[13,39,57,76,93,115,137,159,181,203,225,247,269,291],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"exampleSentence":18,"blanks":19},"01a09a7c-0e28-7c8f-a6f0-69658cbd90d3","評価を加えず、参加人数の事実だけを述べる文は__1__。",0,"単に人数を報告するなら、「参加者は二十人だった」と述べ、限定表現を加える必要はありません。","登録者は百人でした。",[20],{"id":21,"blankNumber":10,"options":22},"01a09a7c-0e28-7c07-a6f0-69658be3b189",[23,27,31,35],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e28-7ad3-a6f0-6965894309eb","参加者は二十人にすぎなかった",false,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e28-7b3f-a6f0-69658a05accd","参加者は二十人だった",true,{"id":32,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e28-7b87-a6f0-69658aa7559c","参加者は二十人しかいなかった",2,{"id":36,"optionText":37,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e28-7bc7-a6f0-69658b7460c2","参加者は二十人にほかならなかった",3,{"id":40,"sentenceTemplate":41,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":42,"exampleSentence":43,"blanks":44},"01a09a7c-0e28-7e6f-a6f0-6965905bc2a8","人数を二十人という範囲に中立的に限定する文は__1__。","「だけ」は範囲を限定しますが、「にすぎない」ほど低い評価を必ずしも加えません。","出席したのは委員だけでした。",[45],{"id":46,"blankNumber":10,"options":47},"01a09a7c-0e28-7e07-a6f0-69658f930ecf",[48,50,52,54],{"id":49,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e28-7d1f-a6f0-69658d687ff8",{"id":51,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e28-7d5f-a6f0-69658dd0d920",{"id":53,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e28-7d9b-a6f0-69658e083f93",{"id":55,"optionText":56,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e28-7dd3-a6f0-69658eb00c4a","参加者は二十人だけだった",{"id":58,"sentenceTemplate":59,"displayOrder":34,"explanation":60,"exampleSentence":61,"blanks":62},"01a09a7c-0e29-70c9-b519-8776da4eacde","二十人を期待より低い人数として評価する文は__1__。","人数の事実を認めながら、それ以上に高く評価できないことを示すため、「にすぎなかった」を使います。","回答率は目標の半分にすぎませんでした。",[63],{"id":64,"blankNumber":10,"options":65},"01a09a7c-0e29-7059-b519-8776da471a68",[66,68,70,73],{"id":67,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e28-7eeb-a6f0-696590787acc",{"id":69,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e28-7f2b-a6f0-696590b29021",{"id":71,"optionText":72,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e28-7f63-a6f0-696590dd89f5","参加者は二十人だけではなかった",{"id":74,"optionText":75,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e29-7015-b519-8776d95b3604","参加者はまさに二十人だった",{"id":77,"sentenceTemplate":78,"displayOrder":38,"explanation":79,"exampleSentence":80,"blanks":81},"01a09a7c-0e29-7295-b519-8776dcf7a2cc","ほかに参加者がおらず、人数の少なさや不足を強く示す文は__1__。","「しか〜ない」は述語を否定形にし、ほかにいないことと少なさを強く意識させます。","応募は三件しかありませんでした。",[82],{"id":83,"blankNumber":10,"options":84},"01a09a7c-0e29-722d-b519-8776dc07005e",[85,87,89,91],{"id":86,"optionText":56,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e29-714d-b519-8776da741502",{"id":88,"optionText":37,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e29-7189-b519-8776dac83805",{"id":90,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e29-71c1-b519-8776db5d33b5",{"id":92,"optionText":72,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e29-71f9-b519-8776dbf8f4c7",{"id":94,"sentenceTemplate":95,"displayOrder":96,"explanation":97,"exampleSentence":98,"blanks":99},"01a09a7c-0e29-7485-b519-8776df0a5812","数値に「にすぎない」を使う前に必要なのは__1__。",4,"なぜその数を低い、または限定的だと見るのかが伝わるよう、期待値や目標などの比較基準が必要です。","目標百件に対して十件にすぎなかった、と基準を示します。",[100],{"id":101,"blankNumber":10,"options":102},"01a09a7c-0e29-7415-b519-8776de80c017",[103,106,109,112],{"id":104,"optionText":105,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e29-7315-b519-8776dd06e8b9","数値を必ず否定する述語",{"id":107,"optionText":108,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e29-7355-b519-8776dd60b2b2","数値を限定的と見る文脈上の基準",{"id":110,"optionText":111,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e29-73a5-b519-8776de2fb4e8","対象を高く評価する形容詞",{"id":113,"optionText":114,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e29-73dd-b519-8776de41c8b3","ほかの数値を隠すこと",{"id":116,"sentenceTemplate":117,"displayOrder":118,"explanation":119,"exampleSentence":120,"blanks":121},"01a09a7c-0e29-7649-b519-8776e27345eb","調査で相関だけを確認し、因果関係までは証明していないと慎重に述べる文は__1__。",5,"確認できた範囲を相関関係に限定し、後半で因果関係までは言えないという境界を明示しています。","これは一つの傾向にすぎず、普遍的な法則ではありません。",[122],{"id":123,"blankNumber":10,"options":124},"01a09a7c-0e29-75d5-b519-8776e1cba255",[125,128,131,134],{"id":126,"optionText":127,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e29-7505-b519-8776dfdf9ec7","相関関係は因果関係にほかなりません",{"id":129,"optionText":130,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e29-753d-b519-8776e0a2b78b","相関関係だけで因果関係を証明できます",{"id":132,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e29-7575-b519-8776e0abb439","相関関係しかなく、調査は無意味です",{"id":135,"optionText":136,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e29-75a5-b519-8776e1174bf7","確認できたのは相関関係にすぎず、因果関係を証明したわけではありません",{"id":138,"sentenceTemplate":139,"displayOrder":140,"explanation":141,"exampleSentence":142,"blanks":143},"01a09a7c-0e29-7855-b519-8776e4fade57","発言者が自分の行為の範囲を限定している文は__1__。",6,"問題点の指摘は認めつつ、計画の中止を求めたところまでは責任を負わないと範囲を狭めています。","私は情報を共有したにすぎず、決定には関与していません。",[144],{"id":145,"blankNumber":10,"options":146},"01a09a7c-0e29-77e1-b519-8776e489cc4a",[147,150,153,156],{"id":148,"optionText":149,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e29-76d1-b519-8776e31bf8b9","私は問題点を指摘したにすぎず、中止を求めたのではありません",{"id":151,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e29-7721-b519-8776e3b58f98","私は問題点を指摘したので、中止を決定しました",{"id":154,"optionText":155,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e29-775d-b519-8776e450a726","私は問題点を指摘せず、中止だけを求めました",{"id":157,"optionText":158,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e29-7799-b519-8776e4541913","私は問題点と中止を同じ意味で使いました",{"id":160,"sentenceTemplate":161,"displayOrder":162,"explanation":163,"exampleSentence":164,"blanks":165},"01a09a7c-0e29-7a41-b519-8776e8759f5c","分析上の便宜のための分類であり、絶対的な区分ではないと示します。「この分類は分析のための便宜的な枠組み__1__。」",7,"分類を枠組みの範囲内に限定し、過大な一般化を避けるため、「にすぎません」が合います。","この区分は説明のための一つの方法にすぎません。",[166],{"id":167,"blankNumber":10,"options":168},"01a09a7c-0e29-79d1-b519-8776e7a3b626",[169,172,175,178],{"id":170,"optionText":171,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e29-78d1-b519-8776e5446683","にほかなりません",{"id":173,"optionText":174,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e29-7911-b519-8776e5c9f076","だけではありません",{"id":176,"optionText":177,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e29-7959-b519-8776e604a9e0","にすぎません",{"id":179,"optionText":180,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e29-7999-b519-8776e6a765dc","しか枠組みません",{"id":182,"sentenceTemplate":183,"displayOrder":184,"explanation":185,"exampleSentence":186,"blanks":187},"01a09a7c-0e29-7c5d-b519-8776ebde7df2","「私は選択肢を示したにすぎない」が文脈によって言い訳に聞こえるのは、__1__からです。",8,"自分の行為や責任の範囲を狭く示す表現なので、事実関係が不明だと責任回避と受け取られることがあります。","責任を限定するときは、実際に何をしたかも具体的に示します。",[188],{"id":189,"blankNumber":10,"options":190},"01a09a7c-0e29-7bd9-b519-8776ebc6e78e",[191,194,197,200],{"id":192,"optionText":193,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e29-7ac5-b519-8776e96cb011","他者の成果を高く評価している",{"id":195,"optionText":196,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e29-7b11-b519-8776ea23c070","自分の責任の範囲を狭く示している",{"id":198,"optionText":199,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e29-7b51-b519-8776ea68e0ea","人数の不足を強調している",{"id":201,"optionText":202,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e29-7b95-b519-8776eb1bf29a","推測という分類を否定している",{"id":204,"sentenceTemplate":205,"displayOrder":206,"explanation":207,"exampleSentence":208,"blanks":209},"01a09a7c-0e29-7e49-b519-8776ef397003","自分の貢献を控えめに述べ、謙虚に響きやすい文は__1__。",9,"自分の貢献を「小さな手助け」の範囲にとどめる自己限定は、謙虚な表現として受け取られやすくなります。","私がしたのは資料を整理したことにすぎません。",[210],{"id":211,"blankNumber":10,"options":212},"01a09a7c-0e29-7dd9-b519-8776ee68bd19",[213,216,219,222],{"id":214,"optionText":215,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e29-7ce5-b519-8776ec89218b","彼の成功は偶然にすぎません",{"id":217,"optionText":218,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e29-7d21-b519-8776ed698c5e","私の貢献こそ最大の成果です",{"id":220,"optionText":221,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e29-7d59-b519-8776ed793616","私の貢献は小さな手助けだけではありません",{"id":223,"optionText":224,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e29-7d91-b519-8776edb38f4b","私の貢献は小さな手助けにすぎません",{"id":226,"sentenceTemplate":227,"displayOrder":228,"explanation":229,"exampleSentence":230,"blanks":231},"01a09a7c-0e2a-70a8-abba-b36af99d9aba","他者の努力を不当に切り下げ、侮蔑的に聞こえるおそれが最も高い文は__1__。",10,"他者の成功を「運」の範囲に限定すると、本人の努力や能力を認めない強い評価になります。","他者を評価するときは、限定が必要か慎重に判断します。",[232],{"id":233,"blankNumber":10,"options":234},"01a09a7c-0e2a-702c-abba-b36af936752e",[235,238,241,244],{"id":236,"optionText":237,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e29-7ec9-b519-8776ef5a2ad8","彼の成功は運にすぎない",{"id":239,"optionText":240,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e29-7f19-b519-8776f0312cab","彼の成功には複数の要因があります",{"id":242,"optionText":243,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e29-7f5d-b519-8776f0b1f10d","彼の努力が成功につながりました",{"id":245,"optionText":246,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e29-7f95-b519-8776f18e757b","彼の成功を詳しく分析します",{"id":248,"sentenceTemplate":249,"displayOrder":250,"explanation":251,"exampleSentence":252,"blanks":253},"01a09a7c-0e2a-72a4-abba-b36afcd529f5","他者の成果を切り捨てず、要因の一つとして慎重に述べるなら__1__。",11,"「一つの要因と考えられます」は可能性を限定しつつ、他者の努力全体を否定する響きを避けます。","環境の変化も一つの要因と考えられます。",[254],{"id":255,"blankNumber":10,"options":256},"01a09a7c-0e2a-7230-abba-b36afbff3975",[257,260,263,266],{"id":258,"optionText":259,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e2a-712c-abba-b36af9e6d3c4","成功は運にすぎません",{"id":261,"optionText":262,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e2a-7178-abba-b36afa68f154","努力は無意味にすぎません",{"id":264,"optionText":265,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e2a-71b0-abba-b36afb1e17e3","運も一つの要因と考えられます",{"id":267,"optionText":268,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e2a-71ec-abba-b36afb940cec","成果は偶然だけしかありません",{"id":270,"sentenceTemplate":271,"displayOrder":272,"explanation":273,"exampleSentence":274,"blanks":275},"01a09a7c-0e2a-74a4-abba-b36affc8c29b","ある事柄こそ本質だと強く特定する表現は__1__。",12,"「にほかならない」は価値を限定する「にすぎない」と異なり、まさにそれが本質だと断定します。","この成果は全員の努力の結果にほかなりません。",[276],{"id":277,"blankNumber":10,"options":278},"01a09a7c-0e2a-7428-abba-b36afef7c15b",[279,282,285,288],{"id":280,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e2a-7324-abba-b36afd2bf865","だけである",{"id":283,"optionText":284,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e2a-7378-abba-b36afe01a6ae","にすぎない",{"id":286,"optionText":287,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e2a-73b4-abba-b36afe914588","しかない",{"id":289,"optionText":290,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e2a-73f0-abba-b36afed03f81","にほかならない",{"id":292,"sentenceTemplate":293,"displayOrder":294,"explanation":295,"exampleSentence":296,"blanks":297},"01a09a7c-0e2a-76ac-abba-b36b02ce0c54","「にすぎない」を使うか判断する際の確認として適切なのは__1__。",13,"限定する対象と基準、評価の必要性、相手を不当に低く見ないかを確認すると、正確さと語調を両立できます。","中立的な限定だけなら、「だけ」も検討します。",[298],{"id":299,"blankNumber":10,"options":300},"01a09a7c-0e2a-7638-abba-b36b02414d71",[301,304,307,310],{"id":302,"optionText":303,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-0e2a-7528-abba-b36b001f2968","数値があれば必ず使います",{"id":305,"optionText":306,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a09a7c-0e2a-7574-abba-b36b00406707","限定の対象、基準、評価、対人語調を確認します",{"id":308,"optionText":309,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a09a7c-0e2a-75c8-abba-b36b0101b6da","他者の成果に優先して使います",{"id":311,"optionText":312,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":38},"01a09a7c-0e2a-7600-abba-b36b01e65f9c","否定の作用域を考えません","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_6efb8956-0bd1-4c9e-9f6f-7e99b9239f88_hero.webp?v=1789298216",{"title":315,"slug":316,"language":317,"level":318},"にすぎないと範囲の限定","ni-suginai-to-hani-no-gentei","ja","C1"]