[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a0e1ab-d672-7d1b-9855-c1baff868e75":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a0e1ab-d542-7721-9c84-6e47716ee54b":230},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":229},"01a0e1ab-d672-7d1b-9855-c1baff868e75","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a0e1ab-d542-7721-9c84-6e47716ee54b","Absolute Clauses — Narrative Sentence Building","Arrange the tiles to build a sentence. Keep punctuation attached and leave the extra word unused.","Absolute Clauses: Build Narrative Sentences","Practise absolute clauses by ordering tiles into narrative sentences about journeys, performances and meals, using participles and verbless predicates.",2,"sentence_builder",[13,39,60,82,104,126,148,169,189,209],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"exampleSentence":18,"blanks":19},"01a0e1ab-d673-7044-8b73-f51a0f0d99db","Build the sentence: __1__",0,"The rain is the expressed subject of falling. The comma closes the initial absolute; we then precedes the finite verb awaited and its object instructions. Falls would create an unlinked finite clause. The participle supplies background without independently marking tense.","Smoke drifting across the road, the driver slowed down.",[20],{"id":21,"blankNumber":22,"options":23,"tiles":32},"01a0e1ab-d672-7f47-9855-c1bafff5b3a7",1,[24,28],{"id":25,"optionText":26,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d672-7e9b-9855-c1baffb637b0","falls,",false,{"id":29,"optionText":30,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d672-7ef7-9855-c1baffe12be4","The rain falling, we awaited instructions.",true,[33,34,35,36,37,38],"The","rain","falling,","we","awaited","instructions.",{"id":40,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":22,"explanation":41,"exampleSentence":42,"blanks":43},"01a0e1ab-d673-7208-8b73-f51a106f4f14","The soprano is the main subject, followed by acknowledged and its object applause. The commas attached to soprano and trembling bracket the medial absolute: her lips is its own subject, preceding the participle. Trembles is finite and also disagrees with lips. Trembling accompanies a past event; the -ing form does not mean present time.","The pianist, his fingers shaking, attempted the passage.",[44],{"id":45,"blankNumber":22,"options":46,"tiles":53},"01a0e1ab-d673-7190-8b73-f51a0fbf590b",[47,50],{"id":48,"optionText":49,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d673-70ec-8b73-f51a0fa2a89a","The soprano, her lips trembling, acknowledged applause.",{"id":51,"optionText":52,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d673-7138-8b73-f51a0fa45575","trembles,",[33,54,55,56,57,58,59],"soprano,","her","lips","trembling,","acknowledged","applause.",{"id":61,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":62,"exampleSentence":63,"blanks":64},"01a0e1ab-d673-7398-8b73-f51a12a3b817","Dinner precedes having ended, whose perfect form requires a past participle after having. The comma closes the absolute. In the main clause, we began takes the complement washing the dishes, with the determiner before dishes. Ending cannot replace ended after having. The perfect marks anteriority, not necessarily cause.","The guests having departed, the host checked the rooms.",[65],{"id":66,"blankNumber":22,"options":67,"tiles":74},"01a0e1ab-d673-731c-8b73-f51a122534e1",[68,71],{"id":69,"optionText":70,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d673-7294-8b73-f51a10c5ea0d","ending,",{"id":72,"optionText":73,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d673-72dc-8b73-f51a1185490a","Dinner having ended, we began washing the dishes.",[75,76,77,36,78,79,80,81],"Dinner","having","ended,","began","washing","the","dishes.",{"id":83,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":84,"explanation":85,"exampleSentence":86,"blanks":87},"01a0e1ab-d673-7460-8b73-f51a13ed19f5",3,"No negates the absolute subject agreement. Its predicate orders having + been + reached: the perfect auxiliary requires been, followed by the passive participle reached. The comma closes the absolute before subject we, finite verb suspended and object negotiations. Be cannot replace been after having.","No settlement having been approved, the dispute continued.",[88],{"id":89,"blankNumber":22,"options":90,"tiles":97},"01a0e1ab-d673-742c-8b73-f51a13921a33",[91,94],{"id":92,"optionText":93,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d673-73e4-8b73-f51a12c5156d","No agreement having been reached, we suspended negotiations.",{"id":95,"optionText":96,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d673-740c-8b73-f51a13747acd","be",[98,99,76,100,101,36,102,103],"No","agreement","been","reached,","suspended","negotiations.",{"id":105,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":106,"explanation":107,"exampleSentence":108,"blanks":109},"01a0e1ab-d673-7530-8b73-f51a16478fa5",4,"Tickets precedes the passive participle checked, and the comma closes the absolute. The main subject we precedes boarded and its object the ferry to Bergen; to introduces the destination inside that object phrase. Checks is a finite singular form, not the passive participle required here.","Her luggage inspected, the traveller retrieved her passport.",[110],{"id":111,"blankNumber":22,"options":112,"tiles":119},"01a0e1ab-d673-74e8-8b73-f51a15f5b783",[113,116],{"id":114,"optionText":115,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d673-74a4-8b73-f51a14652e9d","checks,",{"id":117,"optionText":118,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d673-74c8-8b73-f51a1547ad1c","Tickets checked, we boarded the ferry to Bergen.",[120,121,36,122,80,123,124,125],"Tickets","checked,","boarded","ferry","to","Bergen.",{"id":127,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":128,"explanation":129,"exampleSentence":130,"blanks":131},"01a0e1ab-d673-75e8-8b73-f51a17efa045",5,"Her face precedes the adjective predicate pale inside the absolute. After its closing comma, she is the main subject of requested, followed by the object assistance. Herself cannot replace she as the ordinary subject here. The absolute has its own subject face; it does not depend on attaching pale directly to she.","His hands unsteady, the assistant asked for help.",[132],{"id":133,"blankNumber":22,"options":134,"tiles":141},"01a0e1ab-d673-75b4-8b73-f51a1791fe67",[135,138],{"id":136,"optionText":137,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d673-7574-8b73-f51a16cdc71f","Her face pale, she requested assistance.",{"id":139,"optionText":140,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d673-7598-8b73-f51a16fc0349","herself",[142,143,144,145,146,147],"Her","face","pale,","she","requested","assistance.",{"id":149,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":150,"explanation":151,"exampleSentence":152,"blanks":153},"01a0e1ab-d673-7698-8b73-f51a19d6b704",6,"Our must precede the noun supplies; the independent possessive ours cannot modify that noun. Aboard supplies the locative predicate, and its comma closes the verbless absolute. The main clause orders we + awaited + permission to depart, with the infinitive dependent on permission.","The crew on deck, the captain addressed them.",[154],{"id":155,"blankNumber":22,"options":156,"tiles":163},"01a0e1ab-d673-7668-8b73-f51a19983cf0",[157,160],{"id":158,"optionText":159,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d673-7628-8b73-f51a18719dfb","Ours",{"id":161,"optionText":162,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d673-7648-8b73-f51a18e84ce2","Our supplies aboard, we awaited permission to depart.",[164,165,166,36,37,167,124,168],"Our","supplies","aboard,","permission","depart.",{"id":170,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":171,"explanation":172,"exampleSentence":173,"blanks":174},"01a0e1ab-d673-7750-8b73-f51a1b18b24f",7,"The capitalised main subject She precedes listened, whose comma introduces the final absolute. Within it, the possessive determiner her precedes eyes and the predicate closed comes last. Hers cannot modify eyes. The absolute adds an accompanying detail rather than explicitly stating a reason.","He waited by the entrance, his arms folded.",[175],{"id":176,"blankNumber":22,"options":177,"tiles":184},"01a0e1ab-d673-771c-8b73-f51a1afc30e9",[178,181],{"id":179,"optionText":180,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d673-76d8-8b73-f51a1a054948","She listened, her eyes closed.",{"id":182,"optionText":183,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d673-7700-8b73-f51a1a977150","hers",[185,186,55,187,188],"She","listened,","eyes","closed.",{"id":190,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":191,"explanation":192,"exampleSentence":193,"blanks":194},"01a0e1ab-d673-7804-8b73-f51a1cd70d1c",8,"After the main clause and comma, darkness introduces the absolute and approaching supplies its non-finite predicate. Approaches would instead produce a second finite clause joined only by a comma. The background can suggest a reason without explicitly marking one.","The climbers sought shelter, snow gathering on the ridge.",[195],{"id":196,"blankNumber":22,"options":197,"tiles":204},"01a0e1ab-d673-77d4-8b73-f51a1c77de69",[198,201],{"id":199,"optionText":200,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d673-7790-8b73-f51a1bceed9f","approaches.",{"id":202,"optionText":203,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d673-77b4-8b73-f51a1c27a41c","We stopped, darkness approaching.",[205,206,207,208],"We","stopped,","darkness","approaching.",{"id":210,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":211,"explanation":212,"exampleSentence":213,"blanks":214},"01a0e1ab-d673-78b4-8b73-f51a1edcf4e7",9,"The fixed absolute Weather permitting ends at the comma and expresses a condition. The main clause orders subject we, modal shall and base verb sail. Sailing cannot follow shall without an additional auxiliary, so it cannot replace sail.","Weather permitting, the outdoor rehearsal will go ahead.",[215],{"id":216,"blankNumber":22,"options":217,"tiles":224},"01a0e1ab-d673-7884-8b73-f51a1e23ed89",[218,221],{"id":219,"optionText":220,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d673-7844-8b73-f51a1d66510e","Weather permitting, we shall sail.",{"id":222,"optionText":223,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-d673-7868-8b73-f51a1df64e2f","sailing.",[225,226,36,227,228],"Weather","permitting,","shall","sail.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_5d1e44aa-19a2-411c-9c36-34026bd94683_hero.webp?v=1790492530",{"title":231,"slug":232,"language":233,"level":234},"Absolute and Verbless Supplementary Clauses","absolute-and-verbless-supplementary-clauses","en","C2"]