[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a0e1ab-d7ba-705a-9561-b53b289c2417":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a0e1ab-d57e-70e9-98fe-8107fd9c38c1":233},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":232},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-705a-9561-b53b289c2417","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a0e1ab-d57e-70e9-98fe-8107fd9c38c1","Complex Noun Phrases: Modification and Complementation — Build the Sentences","Arrange the tiles to build each sentence. Leave out the extra word.","Complex Noun Phrases: Build Clear Sentences","Practise complex noun phrases by ordering sentence tiles about funding, research, staffing and documents, focusing on complements and modifier placement.",1,"sentence_builder",[13,38,59,80,101,125,147,169,190,212],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"exampleSentence":18,"blanks":19},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-72f6-9561-b53b2a3fe5c8","Build the sentence: __1__",0,"Place the complement on donations immediately after reliance. The singular head reliance controls has; the plural noun donations does not license have.","Their dependence on imported materials is worrying.",[20],{"id":21,"blankNumber":10,"options":22,"tiles":31},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7272-9561-b53b294f4e10",[23,27],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-71ca-9561-b53b28eec1df","have",false,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7226-9561-b53b292524b8","Our reliance on donations has increased.",true,[32,33,34,35,36,37],"Our","reliance","on","donations","has","increased.",{"id":39,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":40,"exampleSentence":41,"blanks":42},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-74aa-9561-b53b2c2b4e50","Restricted modifies access before the head, while to archives supplies its complement after it. The complete subject needs the finite verb delays; delaying would leave the sentence without a finite main verb.","We requested unrestricted access to historical records.",[43],{"id":44,"blankNumber":10,"options":45,"tiles":52},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-743e-9561-b53b2bcb1a8e",[46,49],{"id":47,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-73aa-9561-b53b2b193caa","Restricted access to archives delays research.",{"id":50,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-73fa-9561-b53b2b4ee9d9","delaying",[53,54,55,56,57,58],"Restricted","access","to","archives","delays","research.",{"id":60,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":61,"explanation":62,"exampleSentence":63,"blanks":64},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-761a-9561-b53b2dc10eca",2,"Keep to withdraw beside decision: the infinitive gives the content of her decision. After infinitival to, use withdraw, not withdrawing. Surprised follows the complete subject noun phrase.","Nobody questioned his decision to retire.",[65],{"id":66,"blankNumber":10,"options":67,"tiles":74},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-75b2-9561-b53b2da54695",[68,71],{"id":69,"optionText":70,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-752e-9561-b53b2c72a344","withdrawing",{"id":72,"optionText":73,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7572-9561-b53b2ca65195","Her decision to withdraw surprised everyone.",[75,76,55,77,78,79],"Her","decision","withdraw","surprised","everyone.",{"id":81,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":82,"explanation":83,"exampleSentence":84,"blanks":85},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7782-9561-b53b2fa0db41",3,"The adjective phrase willing to relocate follows staff because willing has its own infinitive complement. Keep willing and to relocate together. We requires need, not needs.","The project needs an assistant capable of managing budgets.",[86],{"id":87,"blankNumber":10,"options":88,"tiles":95},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-771e-9561-b53b2f2cd025",[89,92],{"id":90,"optionText":91,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7696-9561-b53b2dc395f6","We need staff willing to relocate.",{"id":93,"optionText":94,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-76de-9561-b53b2e2f9bdd","needs",[96,97,98,99,55,100],"We","need","staff","willing","relocate.",{"id":102,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":103,"explanation":104,"exampleSentence":105,"blanks":106},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7906-9561-b53b32134b74",4,"The content clause that nobody would resign follows assurance and supplies its substance. Nobody would resign is complete within that clause. Proved false comes after the whole subject; proving would leave the main clause without a finite verb.","We doubted the claim that every payment had arrived.",[107],{"id":108,"blankNumber":10,"options":109,"tiles":116},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-789e-9561-b53b316c4800",[110,113],{"id":111,"optionText":112,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-781a-9561-b53b305902a0","proving",{"id":114,"optionText":115,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-785e-9561-b53b30bdef80","The assurance that nobody would resign proved false.",[117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124],"The","assurance","that","nobody","would","resign","proved","false.",{"id":126,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":127,"explanation":128,"exampleSentence":129,"blanks":130},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7a6a-9561-b53b33718937",5,"Which we dismissed identifies objection: the objection is the missing object of dismissed. Place this relative clause after its head, then add seemed trivial. We dismissing lacks the finite verb required inside the relative clause.","She reconsidered the proposal which the council rejected.",[131],{"id":132,"blankNumber":10,"options":133,"tiles":140},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7a06-9561-b53b3334446e",[134,137],{"id":135,"optionText":136,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7982-9561-b53b32ce8d95","The objection which we dismissed seemed trivial.",{"id":138,"optionText":139,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-79c6-9561-b53b33215944","dismissing",[117,141,142,143,144,145,146],"objection","which","we","dismissed","seemed","trivial.",{"id":148,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":149,"explanation":150,"exampleSentence":151,"blanks":152},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7bd2-9561-b53b353d5739",6,"Whether funding exists gives the content of question. Keep that clause together before the main predicate remains unanswered. Existing cannot replace the finite verb exists. Question of whether is also standard, but of is not among these tiles.","We discussed the question of whether the building was safe.",[153],{"id":154,"blankNumber":10,"options":155,"tiles":162},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7b6e-9561-b53b34502887",[156,159],{"id":157,"optionText":158,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7aea-9561-b53b33ba145b","existing",{"id":160,"optionText":161,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7b2e-9561-b53b33bc2a2c","The question whether funding exists remains unanswered.",[117,163,164,165,166,167,168],"question","whether","funding","exists","remains","unanswered.",{"id":170,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":171,"explanation":172,"exampleSentence":173,"blanks":174},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7d3a-9561-b53b3719ef04",7,"Awaiting approval follows and identifies Documents, meaning documents that are awaiting approval. Cannot circulate is the main predicate. Awaits cannot introduce this participial postmodifier and would also disagree with Documents.","The visitors waiting downstairs were invited into the office.",[175],{"id":176,"blankNumber":10,"options":177,"tiles":184},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7cd6-9561-b53b36e3beff",[178,181],{"id":179,"optionText":180,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7c4e-9561-b53b35adf296","Documents awaiting approval cannot circulate.",{"id":182,"optionText":183,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7c96-9561-b53b362eccea","awaits",[185,186,187,188,189],"Documents","awaiting","approval","cannot","circulate.",{"id":191,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":192,"explanation":193,"exampleSentence":194,"blanks":195},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7ea6-9561-b53b390aaf98",8,"Signed by witnesses is a passive participial postmodifier of Contracts; witnesses perform the signing. Keep it after the head and before are binding. Signing would wrongly make the contracts the performers and cannot take by witnesses as a passive agent phrase.","Please retain the certificates issued by the college.",[196],{"id":197,"blankNumber":10,"options":198,"tiles":205},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7e3e-9561-b53b38f76b3d",[199,202],{"id":200,"optionText":201,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7dba-9561-b53b37d0414c","signing",{"id":203,"optionText":204,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7dfe-9561-b53b38800e78","Contracts signed by witnesses are binding.",[206,207,208,209,210,211],"Contracts","signed","by","witnesses","are","binding.",{"id":213,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":214,"explanation":215,"exampleSentence":216,"blanks":217},"01a0e1ab-d7bb-7084-b676-e4d4d7d6351b",9,"The commas enclose who lives abroad immediately after adviser. This supplementary relative adds information about an already identified person; has resigned is the main predicate. Standard written English does not use that for this supplementary relative.","My supervisor, who speaks Italian, translated the letter.",[218],{"id":219,"blankNumber":10,"options":220,"tiles":226},"01a0e1ab-d7bb-7014-b676-e4d4d7086fd4",[221,224],{"id":222,"optionText":223,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7f26-9561-b53b39cdeb7b","Our adviser, who lives abroad, has resigned.",{"id":225,"optionText":119,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d7ba-7f76-9561-b53b3a194f25",[32,227,228,229,230,36,231],"adviser,","who","lives","abroad,","resigned.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_aaad91d3-6245-42a9-ac44-bc87f7439bb1_hero.webp?v=1790492530",{"title":234,"slug":235,"language":236,"level":237},"Complex Noun Phrases: Modification and Complementation","complex-noun-phrases-modification-and-complementation","en","C1"]