[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a0e1ab-d872-7e30-8ff5-bbc42112620f":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a0e1ab-d59c-7289-a960-fc9da7101a43":245},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":244},"01a0e1ab-d872-7e30-8ff5-bbc42112620f","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a0e1ab-d59c-7289-a960-fc9da7101a43","Dislocation and Resumptive Pronouns in Spoken Discourse — Forms in Context","Complete each spoken extract or grammatical analysis. Use the stated register and distinguish detached topics from roles inside the clause.","Dislocation: Pronoun Forms and Clause Roles","Practise dislocation and resumptive pronouns through gap-fill questions about workplace conversations, clause roles, detached topics and formal editing.",0,"word_select",[13,35,53,68,87,103,121,140,168,187,206,225],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":16,"exampleSentence":17,"blanks":18},"01a0e1ab-d873-70c5-91e9-48c54c14dfc2","In conversation: Those two trainees, __1__ have already finished the safety course.","The detached topic names the trainees, but the core clause still needs its subject: they. Them is an object form; their cannot stand alone as this subject.","The replacement batteries, they should arrive on Friday.",[19],{"id":20,"blankNumber":21,"options":22},"01a0e1ab-d873-706d-91e9-48c54b9baeeb",1,[23,27,31],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d872-7f6c-8ff5-bbc4219f809d","them",false,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-7015-91e9-48c549f65603","they",true,{"id":32,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-7045-91e9-48c54a9daf0c","their",2,{"id":36,"sentenceTemplate":37,"displayOrder":21,"explanation":38,"exampleSentence":39,"blanks":40},"01a0e1ab-d873-71b9-91e9-48c54f2cb6ce","In conversation: The new technician, we have not introduced __1__ to the rest of the team yet. The technician is a man.","The pronoun is the direct object of introduced, so him is required. The topic position of the technician does not make the linked pronoun a subject or possessive.","Our former supervisor, everyone still remembers her.",[41],{"id":42,"blankNumber":21,"options":43},"01a0e1ab-d873-7185-91e9-48c54f2184ed",[44,47,50],{"id":45,"optionText":46,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-711d-91e9-48c54c780c16","he",{"id":48,"optionText":49,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-7141-91e9-48c54d53901e","his",{"id":51,"optionText":52,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-7165-91e9-48c54e32d4cc","him",{"id":54,"sentenceTemplate":55,"displayOrder":34,"explanation":56,"exampleSentence":57,"blanks":58},"01a0e1ab-d873-7299-91e9-48c551f64d3d","In conversation: Those revised estimates, the board still has reservations about __1__.","About takes an object-form pronoun referring to the plural estimates: them. They is a subject form, and their would need a following noun here.","The missing receipt, I cannot claim a refund without it.",[59],{"id":60,"blankNumber":21,"options":61},"01a0e1ab-d873-7265-91e9-48c55140d336",[62,64,66],{"id":63,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-7201-91e9-48c550066658",{"id":65,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-7225-91e9-48c550ea3518",{"id":67,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-7245-91e9-48c55109e3f3",{"id":69,"sentenceTemplate":70,"displayOrder":71,"explanation":72,"exampleSentence":73,"blanks":74},"01a0e1ab-d873-73ad-91e9-48c553b04a68","In conversation: My aunt, __1__ workshop has just won a design award.",3,"Her introduces workshop and links it possessively to the aunt. She cannot modify a noun, and hers is an independent possessive, not the form used before workshop.","Those musicians, their equipment takes up the entire van.",[75],{"id":76,"blankNumber":21,"options":77},"01a0e1ab-d873-7351-91e9-48c55376b0b8",[78,81,84],{"id":79,"optionText":80,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-72f1-91e9-48c5529fcc97","she",{"id":82,"optionText":83,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-7315-91e9-48c552a0e560","hers",{"id":85,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-7335-91e9-48c552dff235","her",{"id":88,"sentenceTemplate":89,"displayOrder":90,"explanation":91,"exampleSentence":92,"blanks":93},"01a0e1ab-d873-7485-91e9-48c55602c7d1","A speaker uses a right-dislocated tail to name the plural referent of the object pronoun: I have finally labelled __1__, all those spare keys.",4,"Them is the object of labelled and anticipates all those spare keys. The later naming expression does not change the case required inside the clause.","They are surprisingly comfortable, these folding chairs.",[94],{"id":95,"blankNumber":21,"options":96},"01a0e1ab-d873-7451-91e9-48c55534a8d8",[97,99,101],{"id":98,"optionText":33,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-73f5-91e9-48c553e59c22",{"id":100,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-7415-91e9-48c5549dec8d",{"id":102,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-7435-91e9-48c554b9c44a",{"id":104,"sentenceTemplate":105,"displayOrder":106,"explanation":107,"exampleSentence":108,"blanks":109},"01a0e1ab-d873-755d-91e9-48c55874d6f4","In the spoken sentence The assistant who handles bookings, she is away today, the subject of is away is __1__.",5,"She occupies the subject position in the core clause. The longer noun phrase is detached, and bookings belongs inside the relative clause describing the assistant.","The cupboard beside the lift, it contains the cleaning supplies.",[110],{"id":111,"blankNumber":21,"options":112},"01a0e1ab-d873-7529-91e9-48c557e38e1a",[113,115,118],{"id":114,"optionText":80,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-74c9-91e9-48c556920909",{"id":116,"optionText":117,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-74e9-91e9-48c5572fa8a4","bookings",{"id":119,"optionText":120,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-7509-91e9-48c55788cbfb","the assistant who handles bookings",{"id":122,"sentenceTemplate":123,"displayOrder":124,"explanation":125,"exampleSentence":126,"blanks":127},"01a0e1ab-d873-7631-91e9-48c55c1bed5d","Compare The delivery van needs fuel with The delivery van, it needs fuel. Only the second contains __1__.",6,"In the second version, it is the subject of needs and the delivery van is detached. In the first, the noun phrase itself is the subject; neither version has an object pronoun.","The upstairs windows rattle contrasts with The upstairs windows, they rattle.",[128],{"id":129,"blankNumber":21,"options":130},"01a0e1ab-d873-7601-91e9-48c55b3da883",[131,134,137],{"id":132,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-75a1-91e9-48c55929746a","a detached topic linked to a clause object",{"id":135,"optionText":136,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-75c5-91e9-48c559df99c4","a detached topic linked to a clause subject",{"id":138,"optionText":139,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-75e1-91e9-48c55ad4fd16","a noun phrase functioning directly as the subject of needs",{"id":141,"sentenceTemplate":142,"displayOrder":143,"explanation":144,"exampleSentence":145,"blanks":146},"01a0e1ab-d873-779d-91e9-48c560ea9339","In That invoice, I have already paid it, the construction is __1__; in That invoice, I have already paid, it is __2__.",7,"The first clause contains the object pronoun it, linked to the initial topic. The second places the object first without a corresponding object pronoun. Neither has a final naming tail.","Those curtains, I would replace them uses resumption; Those curtains, I would replace uses fronting.",[147,159],{"id":148,"blankNumber":21,"options":149},"01a0e1ab-d873-76d9-91e9-48c55e454ac6",[150,153,156],{"id":151,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-7671-91e9-48c55cc2c6c1","object fronting",{"id":154,"optionText":155,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-769d-91e9-48c55d2be1f5","right dislocation",{"id":157,"optionText":158,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-76bd-91e9-48c55de4d4bd","left dislocation",{"id":160,"blankNumber":34,"options":161},"01a0e1ab-d873-7769-91e9-48c560ac0485",[162,164,166],{"id":163,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-770d-91e9-48c55e9a2676",{"id":165,"optionText":158,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-772d-91e9-48c55f424ec7",{"id":167,"optionText":155,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-774d-91e9-48c5602043c3",{"id":169,"sentenceTemplate":170,"displayOrder":171,"explanation":172,"exampleSentence":173,"blanks":174},"01a0e1ab-d873-7881-91e9-48c5645a29d8","In That training centre, the evening classes are excellent, the connection between the initial topic and the clause is __1__.",8,"The evening classes are understood as classes at the centre, but no pronoun refers back to the centre. This is a loosely linked topic–comment pattern, not the explicit pronominal link found in typical dislocation.","That seaside village, the parking is dreadful.",[175],{"id":176,"blankNumber":21,"options":177},"01a0e1ab-d873-784d-91e9-48c56377ba02",[178,181,184],{"id":179,"optionText":180,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-77f1-91e9-48c56154cb61","supplied by a subject pronoun referring to the centre",{"id":182,"optionText":183,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-7811-91e9-48c56224f74c","inferred rather than supplied by a pronoun referring to the centre",{"id":185,"optionText":186,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-7831-91e9-48c5628be814","supplied by an object pronoun referring to the centre",{"id":188,"sentenceTemplate":189,"displayOrder":190,"explanation":191,"exampleSentence":192,"blanks":193},"01a0e1ab-d873-7955-91e9-48c567638f99","In the conversational pattern Me, I would ask for a receipt, me functions as __1__.",9,"Me is outside the core clause. I is the subject of would ask, so detached me must not be analysed as the subject or as an object of ask.","As for me, I would keep a copy of the agreement.",[194],{"id":195,"blankNumber":21,"options":196},"01a0e1ab-d873-7921-91e9-48c566daad23",[197,200,203],{"id":198,"optionText":199,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-78c1-91e9-48c5650fec52","the object of ask",{"id":201,"optionText":202,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-78e5-91e9-48c565763752","the subject of would ask",{"id":204,"optionText":205,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-7901-91e9-48c5665ba57a","a detached topic",{"id":207,"sentenceTemplate":208,"displayOrder":209,"explanation":210,"exampleSentence":211,"blanks":212},"01a0e1ab-d873-7a2d-91e9-48c56977067a","For standard edited English, select the relative-clause version without an extra resumptive object: __1__",10,"Whom already supplies the object relationship in this relative clause. An extra him is not the standard edited pattern, although relative-clause resumption occurs variably in speech and some varieties; he also has the wrong case for an object.","The document that you requested is attached.",[213],{"id":214,"blankNumber":21,"options":215},"01a0e1ab-d873-79f9-91e9-48c569506a6f",[216,219,222],{"id":217,"optionText":218,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-7991-91e9-48c568161def","This is the consultant whom we hired last month.",{"id":220,"optionText":221,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-79b1-91e9-48c5687da809","This is the consultant whom we hired him last month.",{"id":223,"optionText":224,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-79d1-91e9-48c569026a70","This is the consultant whom we hired he last month.",{"id":226,"sentenceTemplate":227,"displayOrder":228,"explanation":229,"exampleSentence":230,"blanks":231},"01a0e1ab-d873-7b01-91e9-48c56b7fe0f9","Edit This inspection, we cannot postpone it again into one neutral, integrated clause, retaining the inspection as the object: __1__",11,"The integrated version puts this inspection directly after postpone, without a duplicate object pronoun. Merely removing a comma from the dislocated version does not integrate its topic into the clause.","We have renewed the licence replaces The licence, we have renewed it in neutral formal prose.",[232],{"id":233,"blankNumber":21,"options":234},"01a0e1ab-d873-7acd-91e9-48c56b75f774",[235,238,241],{"id":236,"optionText":237,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-d873-7a6d-91e9-48c569f1d44f","We cannot postpone it this inspection again.",{"id":239,"optionText":240,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":21},"01a0e1ab-d873-7a8d-91e9-48c56a00fa2d","We cannot postpone this inspection again.",{"id":242,"optionText":243,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":34},"01a0e1ab-d873-7ab1-91e9-48c56aae29ed","This inspection we cannot postpone it again.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_c3623a45-b7fb-417c-8d54-ed41bd1f7a29_hero.webp?v=1790492530",{"title":246,"slug":247,"language":248,"level":249},"Dislocation and Resumptive Pronouns in Spoken Discourse","dislocation-and-resumptive-pronouns-in-spoken-discourse","en","C2"]