[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a0e1ab-da93-7cf6-8b68-8aa4cdd8d024":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a0e1ab-d5c5-7677-85af-023326574682":218},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":217},"01a0e1ab-da93-7cf6-8b68-8aa4cdd8d024","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a0e1ab-d5c5-7677-85af-023326574682","Gapping and Shared Elements in Coordination — Build the Sentences","Arrange the tiles to build a grammatical sentence. Keep punctuation attached and leave out the extra word.","Gapping and Shared Elements: Sentence Building","Practise gapping and shared elements by arranging sentence tiles about personal choices, study, practical skills and contrasting responses to proposals.",1,"sentence_builder",[13,38,59,79,100,118,137,156,177,196],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"exampleSentence":18,"blanks":19},"01a0e1ab-da94-7055-9c83-b148fa516956","Build the sentence: __1__",0,"The first clause supplies selected. After and, he contrasts with She and cotton with wool; the comma after he marks the omitted verb. Because introduces a subordinate clause and cannot license this gapping pattern in neutral edited prose.","The buyer chose leather; the designer, velvet.",[20],{"id":21,"blankNumber":10,"options":22,"tiles":31},"01a0e1ab-da93-7f72-8b68-8aa4cee1f4cf",[23,27],{"id":24,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da93-7ec2-8b68-8aa4ce42089b","because",false,{"id":28,"optionText":29,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da93-7f26-8b68-8aa4cec89fe5","She selected wool, and he, cotton.",true,[32,33,34,35,36,37],"She","selected","wool,","and","he,","cotton.",{"id":39,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":40,"exampleSentence":41,"blanks":42},"01a0e1ab-da94-71d5-9c83-b148fc7c86c8","Will precedes the base form discuss. The second subject and topic follow and, with will discuss understood between them. Discusses cannot follow will.","Our representative will address safety; theirs, access.",[43],{"id":44,"blankNumber":10,"options":45,"tiles":52},"01a0e1ab-da94-7171-9c83-b148fbaf130e",[46,49],{"id":47,"optionText":48,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da94-70ed-9c83-b148fac45f01","He will discuss staffing, and she, funding.",{"id":50,"optionText":51,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da94-7135-9c83-b148fbaae920","discusses",[53,54,55,56,35,57,58],"He","will","discuss","staffing,","she,","funding.",{"id":60,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":61,"explanation":62,"exampleSentence":63,"blanks":64},"01a0e1ab-da94-7319-9c83-b148fe15c8f6",2,"I requires prefer, followed by its object. The second clause leaves she and music as contrasting remnants. Its expansion is she prefers music: the recovered verb agrees with its own subject.","They favour compromise; he, confrontation.",[65],{"id":66,"blankNumber":10,"options":67,"tiles":74},"01a0e1ab-da94-72bd-9c83-b148fd3a956a",[68,71],{"id":69,"optionText":70,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da94-7249-9c83-b148fcb952fd","prefers",{"id":72,"optionText":73,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da94-7285-9c83-b148fce41df9","I prefer silence, and she, music.",[75,76,77,35,57,78],"I","prefer","silence,","music.",{"id":80,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":81,"explanation":82,"exampleSentence":83,"blanks":84},"01a0e1ab-da94-74a5-9c83-b14900ba80e1",3,"The auxiliary sequence is has been followed by studying. The second clause recovers the whole sequence has been studying, retaining the same aspect. Studies cannot follow has been.","The senior researcher has been investigating migration; her colleague, housing.",[85],{"id":86,"blankNumber":10,"options":87,"tiles":94},"01a0e1ab-da94-7445-9c83-b148fff02425",[88,91],{"id":89,"optionText":90,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da94-73ad-9c83-b148feae9544","She has been studying law, and he, medicine.",{"id":92,"optionText":93,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da94-73ed-9c83-b148ff43e4c0","studies",[32,95,96,97,98,35,36,99],"has","been","studying","law,","medicine.",{"id":101,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":102,"explanation":103,"exampleSentence":104,"blanks":105},"01a0e1ab-da94-75fd-9c83-b149031c02a4",4,"Works follows the first subject, then the place expression. After and, she and downstairs contrast subject and place, with works understood between them. Because cannot replace and: this gapping pattern requires coordination, not a reason clause.","The guide waited outside; the visitors, inside.",[106],{"id":107,"blankNumber":10,"options":108,"tiles":114},"01a0e1ab-da94-7591-9c83-b14902ca44dc",[109,111],{"id":110,"optionText":25,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da94-751d-9c83-b14901103725",{"id":112,"optionText":113,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da94-755d-9c83-b14901f6a08b","He works upstairs, and she, downstairs.",[53,115,116,35,57,117],"works","upstairs,","downstairs.",{"id":119,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":120,"explanation":121,"exampleSentence":122,"blanks":123},"01a0e1ab-da94-7759-9c83-b14905e528af",5,"Became connects He to the role treasurer. After the semicolon, she and secretary supply matching subject and complement remnants. The semicolon separates the coordinated clauses; becoming would leave no finite verb.","The eldest daughter became chair; her brother, deputy.",[124],{"id":125,"blankNumber":10,"options":126,"tiles":133},"01a0e1ab-da94-76ed-9c83-b14904fab2e2",[127,130],{"id":128,"optionText":129,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da94-7679-9c83-b149038632ab","He became treasurer; she, secretary.",{"id":131,"optionText":132,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da94-76b9-9c83-b14904009416","becoming",[53,134,135,57,136],"became","treasurer;","secretary.",{"id":138,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":139,"explanation":140,"exampleSentence":141,"blanks":142},"01a0e1ab-da94-789d-9c83-b14907516913",6,"She and has apply to both coordinated verb phrases. Listened and taken must therefore be past participles, with notes following taken as its object. Took is not the participle required by shared has.","The witness has answered and given an explanation.",[143],{"id":144,"blankNumber":10,"options":145,"tiles":152},"01a0e1ab-da94-7849-9c83-b14907457dcc",[146,149],{"id":147,"optionText":148,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da94-77d5-9c83-b14905e68d03","took",{"id":150,"optionText":151,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da94-7811-9c83-b149065227e0","She has listened and taken notes.",[32,95,153,35,154,155],"listened","taken","notes.",{"id":157,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":158,"explanation":159,"exampleSentence":160,"blanks":161},"01a0e1ab-da94-79d9-9c83-b1490a2c0877",7,"The subject He and auxiliary can precede both coordinated base-form verbs, swim and hold. His breath must follow hold as its object, fixing hold in the second verb phrase. Holding cannot follow the shared auxiliary can.","The trainee can type and take dictation.",[162],{"id":163,"blankNumber":10,"options":164,"tiles":171},"01a0e1ab-da94-7981-9c83-b149092c5e90",[165,168],{"id":166,"optionText":167,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da94-7909-9c83-b149081c83e3","He can swim and hold his breath.",{"id":169,"optionText":170,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da94-7949-9c83-b149084792c2","holding",[53,172,173,35,174,175,176],"can","swim","hold","his","breath.",{"id":178,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":179,"explanation":180,"exampleSentence":181,"blanks":182},"01a0e1ab-da94-7b2d-9c83-b1490ce3d59b",8,"She requires requests, whereas I requires supply, so the verbs cannot swap. The capitalised She begins the sentence, and and introduces the second clause. Documentation follows both comma-marked verbs as their shared object. Supplying would leave the second clause without a finite verb.","The customer demands, but we refuse, a refund.",[183],{"id":184,"blankNumber":10,"options":185,"tiles":192},"01a0e1ab-da94-7ab9-9c83-b1490c68c384",[186,189],{"id":187,"optionText":188,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da94-7a49-9c83-b1490b2af91e","supplying,",{"id":190,"optionText":191,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da94-7a85-9c83-b1490c140328","She requests, and I supply, documentation.",[32,193,35,75,194,195],"requests,","supply,","documentation.",{"id":197,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":198,"explanation":199,"exampleSentence":200,"blanks":201},"01a0e1ab-da94-7c7d-9c83-b1490f66f3a4",9,"She requires endorses, whereas I requires object, preventing the verbs from swapping. The capitalised She begins the sentence. To must follow object, and the final noun completes endorses directly and object to through its required preposition. Of cannot replace to.","The council approves, but we protest against, the demolition.",[202],{"id":203,"blankNumber":10,"options":204,"tiles":211},"01a0e1ab-da94-7c25-9c83-b1490e766148",[205,208],{"id":206,"optionText":207,"isCorrect":30,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-da94-7bb1-9c83-b1490dcbff80","She endorses, but I object to, privatisation.",{"id":209,"optionText":210,"isCorrect":26,"displayOrder":10},"01a0e1ab-da94-7bf1-9c83-b1490e4093d3","of,",[32,212,213,75,214,215,216],"endorses,","but","object","to,","privatisation.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_d3107c41-eff7-47c8-b59b-171c770fce67_hero.webp?v=1790492531",{"title":219,"slug":220,"language":221,"level":222},"Gapping and Shared Elements in Coordination","gapping-and-shared-elements-in-coordination","en","C2"]