[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a0e1ab-dfda-7cca-8eaf-b302843b78e2":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a0e1ab-d60e-7755-901b-763344a63a75":297},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":296},"01a0e1ab-dfda-7cca-8eaf-b302843b78e2","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a0e1ab-d60e-7755-901b-763344a63a75","So and Not — Build Opinions and Replies","Arrange the tiles to build each sentence. Leave out the extra word.","So and Not: Build Opinions and Negative Replies","Practise proposition substitution with so and not by ordering sentence tiles about forecasts, public information, opinions and polite negative replies.",3,"sentence_builder",[13,45,71,95,118,141,164,190,210,231,253,275],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"exampleSentence":18,"blanks":19},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-700e-9592-6a4dea0cd34d","The minister hinted that the project would be late. Build the report: __1__",0,"So replaces the proposition that there will be a delay, and it follows say, the reporting verb that takes it: refused to say so. Tell cannot take so without a person as its object.","The figures may be accurate, but the auditor didn’t say so.",[20],{"id":21,"blankNumber":22,"options":23,"tiles":32},"01a0e1ab-dfda-7f36-8eaf-b30285e952c0",1,[24,28],{"id":25,"optionText":26,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfda-7e92-8eaf-b3028490db13","tell",false,{"id":29,"optionText":30,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfda-7ef2-8eaf-b30284f047db","The minister hinted at a delay, but she refused to say so.",true,[33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44],"The","minister","hinted","at","a","delay,","but","she","refused","to","say","so.",{"id":46,"sentenceTemplate":47,"displayOrder":22,"explanation":48,"exampleSentence":49,"blanks":50},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7156-9592-6a4debafd151","Build the formal instruction about appeals: __1__","Do so replaces the action appeal from the if-clause. It sits where the verb phrase would be, and the time limit comes after it. Make so is not a substitute form.","Anyone wishing to withdraw must do so by Friday.",[51],{"id":52,"blankNumber":22,"options":53,"tiles":60},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7102-9592-6a4deb7a5e2d",[54,57],{"id":55,"optionText":56,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7092-9592-6a4dea3e7646","If you wish to appeal, please do so within fourteen days.",{"id":58,"optionText":59,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-70d2-9592-6a4dea998c4a","make",[61,62,63,42,64,65,66,67,68,69,70],"If","you","wish","appeal,","please","do","so","within","fourteen","days.",{"id":72,"sentenceTemplate":73,"displayOrder":74,"explanation":75,"exampleSentence":76,"blanks":77},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7276-9592-6a4deceae728","Will the talks fail? Build the cautious negative reply: __1__",2,"With believe, the usual negative puts not on the verb and keeps so after it: I don’t believe so. So stands for the proposition that the talks will fail. Know does not take so as a clause substitute.","Is the office open today? I don’t think so, but I can check.",[78],{"id":79,"blankNumber":22,"options":80,"tiles":87},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7226-9592-6a4dece1f09b",[81,84],{"id":82,"optionText":83,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-71be-9592-6a4debbb2c1f","know",{"id":85,"optionText":86,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-71f2-9592-6a4debe80012","I don’t believe so, but I may be wrong.",[88,89,90,91,39,88,92,93,94],"I","don’t","believe","so,","may","be","wrong.",{"id":96,"sentenceTemplate":97,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":98,"exampleSentence":99,"blanks":100},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7436-9592-6a4def5d6565","Is the offer still open? Build the negative assumption: __1__","Suppose allows the negative on the substitute: I suppose not means I suppose that the offer is not open. Not follows the verb directly; no cannot stand for a proposition.","Can we still get tickets? I suppose not, as the show is sold out.",[101],{"id":102,"blankNumber":22,"options":103,"tiles":110},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7342-9592-6a4dee72581c",[104,107],{"id":105,"optionText":106,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-72de-9592-6a4ded7c181a","no",{"id":108,"optionText":109,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7312-9592-6a4dedeb0d22","I suppose not, since the deadline has passed.",[88,111,112,113,114,115,116,117],"suppose","not,","since","the","deadline","has","passed.",{"id":119,"sentenceTemplate":120,"displayOrder":121,"explanation":122,"exampleSentence":123,"blanks":124},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7582-9592-6a4df081d5db","Has the director resigned? Build the careful reply: __1__",4,"Both so tiles replace the proposition that the director has resigned: after think, it is an opinion; after hasn’t said, it means she has not stated it, not that she has denied it. Told cannot take so on its own.","The staff believe the office will move, but the manager hasn’t said so.",[125],{"id":126,"blankNumber":22,"options":127,"tiles":134},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7512-9592-6a4df04e2b2a",[128,131],{"id":129,"optionText":130,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-74a6-9592-6a4defeaab3f","Her colleagues think so, but she hasn’t said so herself.",{"id":132,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-74e2-9592-6a4df0069891","told",[135,136,137,91,39,40,138,139,67,140],"Her","colleagues","think","hasn’t","said","herself.",{"id":142,"sentenceTemplate":143,"displayOrder":144,"explanation":145,"exampleSentence":146,"blanks":147},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-769e-9592-6a4df3b0f6a3","Will the flight be cancelled? Build the reply: __1__",5,"Hope takes not, placed straight after the verb, to express a negative wish: Let’s hope not means let us hope that the flight is not cancelled. I don’t hope so is not used, and no cannot replace the proposition.","Will the repairs take another week? I hope not.",[148],{"id":149,"blankNumber":22,"options":150,"tiles":156},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-764e-9592-6a4df2cd2042",[151,154],{"id":152,"optionText":153,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-75ea-9592-6a4df15e401e","Let’s hope not, because we have a connection to catch.",{"id":155,"optionText":106,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-761e-9592-6a4df1ff389f",[157,158,112,159,160,161,37,162,42,163],"Let’s","hope","because","we","have","connection","catch.",{"id":165,"sentenceTemplate":166,"displayOrder":167,"explanation":168,"exampleSentence":169,"blanks":170},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-77be-9592-6a4df44bbe32","Is the museum closed on Mondays? Build the polite confirmation: __1__",6,"I’m afraid so confirms an unwelcome proposition politely: so stands for the museum is closed on Mondays and follows afraid. Yes cannot follow afraid.","Has the price gone up? I’m afraid so.",[171],{"id":172,"blankNumber":22,"options":173,"tiles":180},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-776a-9592-6a4df43b82fd",[174,177],{"id":175,"optionText":176,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7706-9592-6a4df3bc708c","yes",{"id":178,"optionText":179,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-773a-9592-6a4df405b674","I’m afraid so; it has been closed on Mondays since May.",[181,182,183,184,116,185,186,187,188,113,189],"I’m","afraid","so;","it","been","closed","on","Mondays","May.",{"id":191,"sentenceTemplate":192,"displayOrder":193,"explanation":194,"exampleSentence":195,"blanks":196},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-78da-9592-6a4df5bf68f7","Should we accept the offer? Build the formal refusal: __1__",7,"I think not puts the negative on the substitute and sounds formal or emphatic; the everyday version is I don’t think so. The negative is marked once, so don’t cannot be added to I think not.","Is the proposal realistic? I think not.",[197],{"id":198,"blankNumber":22,"options":199,"tiles":205},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-788e-9592-6a4df57a3681",[200,203],{"id":201,"optionText":202,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7826-9592-6a4df4ac2844","I think not, given the conditions attached to it.",{"id":204,"optionText":89,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-785a-9592-6a4df51faa9e",[88,137,112,206,114,207,208,42,209],"given","conditions","attached","it.",{"id":211,"sentenceTemplate":212,"displayOrder":213,"explanation":214,"exampleSentence":215,"blanks":216},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-79fa-9592-6a4df89aba57","Build the sentence reporting unconfirmed information: __1__",8,"In the reporting tag or so I hear, so comes first and stands for the clinic has closed, and the subject and verb follow. It presents the news as a report, not as direct knowledge. Not cannot take this fronted position.","The exhibition has been extended, or so we understand.",[217],{"id":218,"blankNumber":22,"options":219,"tiles":226},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-79aa-9592-6a4df7ffe03c",[220,223],{"id":221,"optionText":222,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7942-9592-6a4df68c6027","not",{"id":224,"optionText":225,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7976-9592-6a4df753629c","The clinic has closed, or so I hear.",[33,227,116,228,229,67,88,230],"clinic","closed,","or","hear.",{"id":232,"sentenceTemplate":233,"displayOrder":234,"explanation":235,"exampleSentence":236,"blanks":237},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7b16-9592-6a4df99a5afc","Someone says: “The report is late again.” Build the surprised confirmation: __1__",9,"So it is confirms something the speaker has just noticed: so comes first, then the subject it, then the verb is. In agreement (So do I), the verb comes before the subject and the meaning changes: the speaker shares a view. Not cannot follow so here.","“Look, the lights are on.” “So they are!”",[238],{"id":239,"blankNumber":22,"options":240,"tiles":246},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7ac6-9592-6a4df90f1823",[241,244],{"id":242,"optionText":243,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7a5e-9592-6a4df8be4cbc","So it is, and nobody warned us.",{"id":245,"optionText":222,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7a92-9592-6a4df8ca443d",[247,184,248,249,250,251,252],"So","is,","and","nobody","warned","us.",{"id":254,"sentenceTemplate":255,"displayOrder":256,"explanation":257,"exampleSentence":258,"blanks":259},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7c42-9592-6a4dfc160ed3","She apologised publicly. Build the sentence about the result: __1__",10,"After the preposition by, the action substitute takes the -ing form: by doing so, meaning by apologising publicly. Make cannot combine with so to replace an action.","He admitted the mistake, and doing so earned him respect.",[260],{"id":261,"blankNumber":22,"options":262,"tiles":269},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7bf2-9592-6a4dfb6c7448",[263,266],{"id":264,"optionText":265,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7b8e-9592-6a4dfa61cac3","making",{"id":267,"optionText":268,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7bc2-9592-6a4dfaeb7b8d","By doing so, she helped restore trust.",[270,271,91,40,272,273,274],"By","doing","helped","restore","trust.",{"id":276,"sentenceTemplate":277,"displayOrder":278,"explanation":279,"exampleSentence":280,"blanks":281},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7d5a-9592-6a4dfdab2b89","Will prices rise again next year? Build the divided forecast: __1__",11,"Expect allows I don’t expect so or I expect not, but the negative is marked only once, so don’t expect not is wrong. The final do is auxiliary ellipsis for expect prices to rise.","Will the meeting run late? We don’t expect so.",[282],{"id":283,"blankNumber":22,"options":284,"tiles":290},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7d0e-9592-6a4dfcc4e8cd",[285,288],{"id":286,"optionText":287,"isCorrect":31,"displayOrder":16},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7ca6-9592-6a4dfc9bc5fb","Most economists don’t expect so, but some do.",{"id":289,"optionText":222,"isCorrect":27,"displayOrder":22},"01a0e1ab-dfdb-7cde-9592-6a4dfcbbca9c",[291,292,89,293,91,39,294,295],"Most","economists","expect","some","do.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_38dd2171-c533-4446-8d03-a2b93bc5b76f_hero.webp?v=1790492532",{"title":298,"slug":299,"language":300,"level":301},"Substitution with Do So, So and Not","substitution-with-do-so-so-and-not","en","C1"]