[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a0e1ac-7822-7a83-8029-e1fad6e8870a":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-d828-7931-ae50-78543588fb40":134},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":133},"01a0e1ac-7822-7a83-8029-e1fad6e8870a","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-d828-7931-ae50-78543588fb40","Topic and Focus: Discourse and Sentence Positions","Tap each tile, then tap its category. Follow the sorting principle on each board.","은\u002F는과 이\u002F가: 담화 기능과 문장 자리 분류하기","은\u002F는과 이\u002F가의 담화 기능과 문장 속 자리를 분류하는 연습입니다. 짧은 대화에서 질문이 요구하는 초점과 이어지는 주제를 구별하고, 다른 조사와의 결합도 확인합니다. 존재와 신분을 나타내는 문장, 중립적인 사건과 대조의 차이, 저는과 제가의 선택까지 직접 분류해 보세요.",2,"word_sort",[13,36,59,87,110],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"blanks":18,"payload":19},"01a0e1ac-7822-7c27-8029-e1fad7375537","Read each short exchange. Which particle family should follow the bracketed noun?",0,"A noun that answers who or what, or that presents a new event neutrally, takes 이\u002F가. A noun that is already the topic of the question, or that is contrasted with something else, takes 은\u002F는. Read what the question asks for before choosing.",[],{"items":20,"categories":35},[21,24,26,28,31,33],{"text":22,"category":23},"누가 케이크를 만들었어요? → [수지] 만들었어요.","Use 이\u002F가",{"text":25,"category":23},"누가 반장이에요? → [민호] 반장이에요.",{"text":27,"category":23},"창밖을 보세요! [비] 와요.",{"text":29,"category":30},"수지는 뭘 만들었어요? → [수지] 케이크를 만들었어요.","Use 은\u002F는",{"text":32,"category":30},"민호는 뭐 해요? → [민호] 요리해요.",{"text":34,"category":30},"커피는 마셔요. 그런데 [차] 안 마셔요.",[30,23],{"id":37,"sentenceTemplate":38,"displayOrder":39,"explanation":40,"blanks":41,"payload":42},"01a0e1ac-7822-7ca3-8029-e1fad7429c25","To make each marked phrase a topic with 은\u002F는, does 은\u002F는 replace the existing particle or follow it?",1,"Topic 은\u002F는 replaces subject 이\u002F가 and object 을\u002F를, but follows particles such as 에, 에서 and 에게. The distinction is attachment, not whether the phrase can be contrasted. For example, 빵을 becomes 빵은, whereas 동생에게 becomes 동생에게는.",[],{"items":43,"categories":58},[44,47,49,51,54,56],{"text":45,"category":46},"공원에서","Follows the existing particle",{"text":48,"category":46},"선생님에게",{"text":50,"category":46},"학교에",{"text":52,"category":53},"버스가","Replaces the existing particle",{"text":55,"category":53},"신문을",{"text":57,"category":53},"우유를",[46,53],{"id":60,"sentenceTemplate":61,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":62,"blanks":63,"payload":64},"01a0e1ac-7822-7cff-8029-e1fad79d6d56","Classify only the phrase in brackets by its grammatical role. Other 이\u002F가 phrases in the sentence may have different roles.","Find the predicate linked to the bracketed phrase, even inside a longer clause. A noun before 되다 names the resulting role; a noun before 아니다 names the rejected identity. An existence subject names what is present or absent. An interrogative subject asks who or what performs an action or has a property. Do not classify a phrase using an unrelated predicate elsewhere in the sentence.",[],{"items":65,"categories":86},[66,69,71,74,76,79,81,84],{"text":67,"category":68},"오빠는 [경찰이] 되었어요.","Before 되다",{"text":70,"category":68},"[가수가] 된 친구가 있어요.",{"text":72,"category":73},"[누가] 전화했는지 아는 사람이 없어요.","Interrogative subject",{"text":75,"category":73},"[무엇이] 필요한지 묻는 질문이 아니에요.",{"text":77,"category":78},"경찰이 된 [친구가] 있어요.","Existence or absence",{"text":80,"category":78},"작가가 아닌 [사람이] 있어요.",{"text":82,"category":83},"여기는 [병원이] 아니에요.","Before 아니다",{"text":85,"category":83},"[학생이] 아닌 사람도 가수가 될 수 있어요.",[68,73,78,83],{"id":88,"sentenceTemplate":89,"displayOrder":90,"explanation":91,"blanks":92,"payload":93},"01a0e1ac-7822-7d4b-8029-e1fad854ca50","Each pair differs only in the particle. Does the sentence state the fact neutrally, or does it hint at a contrast with something left unsaid?",3,"이\u002F가 presents an event or judgement as neutral news or identifies who did something. 은\u002F는 on the same noun can suggest an unspoken contrast: 비는 와요 hints that something else, such as snow, is not happening, and 음식은 맛있어요 hints that the price or service may not be as good.",[],{"items":94,"categories":109},[95,98,101,103,105,107],{"text":96,"category":97},"비가 와요.","Neutral news or focus",{"text":99,"category":100},"비는 와요.","Hints at a contrast",{"text":102,"category":97},"음식이 맛있어요.",{"text":104,"category":100},"음식은 맛있어요.",{"text":106,"category":97},"민수가 안 왔어요.",{"text":108,"category":100},"민수는 안 왔어요.",[97,100],{"id":111,"sentenceTemplate":112,"displayOrder":113,"explanation":114,"blanks":115,"payload":116},"01a0e1ac-7822-7d93-8029-e1fad8b6a8ee","Should the speaker say 저는 or 제가? Read the context around each bracketed 저.",4,"Use 저는 to introduce yourself or to contrast yourself with others. Use 제가 when you answer who does something, or when you mean “me and not someone else”. 저 plus 가 becomes 제가. In a first self-introduction, 제가 would sound like unnecessary emphasis.",[],{"items":117,"categories":132},[118,121,123,125,128,130],{"text":119,"category":120},"처음 뵙겠습니다. [저] 김민수예요.","Use 저는",{"text":122,"category":120},"형은 의사예요. [저] 학생이에요.",{"text":124,"category":120},"다른 사람은 몰라도 [저] 할게요.",{"text":126,"category":127},"누가 창문을 열었어요? → [저] 열었어요.","Use 제가",{"text":129,"category":127},"누가 발표할 거예요? → [저] 할게요.",{"text":131,"category":127},"다른 사람이 아니라 [저] 할게요.",[120,127],"\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_d7c40fcc-e706-476a-b971-c01d4a191d23_hero.webp?v=1790492571",{"title":135,"slug":136,"language":137,"level":138},"'-은\u002F는'과 '-이\u002F가'의 정보 구조","eun-neun-i-ga-jeongbo-gujo","ko","B1"]