[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a0e1ac-79f6-730a-b496-e9239283b6ff":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-d996-728a-b6f2-731006eb841c":153},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":152},"01a0e1ac-79f6-730a-b496-e9239283b6ff","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-d996-728a-b6f2-731006eb841c","Sort formal Korean messages by form and meaning","Tap each sentence, then tap its column. Follow the different sorting rule on each board.","합쇼체 문장 분류: 받침과 ㄹ 탈락 구별하기","합쇼체 문장을 읽고 기본형의 어간이 모음, 일반 받침, ㄹ 중 무엇으로 끝나는지 분류합니다. 평서문과 질문에서 받침에 따른 어미 선택과 ㄹ 탈락을 확인하고, 현재와 과거 및 해요체와 합쇼체를 비교합니다. 잘못된 활용과 부정 표현도 구별하며 공식적인 말투를 익힙니다.",4,"word_sort",[13,37,60,83,107,133],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"blanks":18,"payload":19},"01a0e1ac-79f6-74b2-b496-e923928b9102","Recover the dictionary stem of the final predicate and sort each message by its original stem ending.",0,"Remove 다 from the dictionary form to identify the original stem. Vowel-final stems take -ㅂ니다 or -ㅂ니까; consonant-final stems other than ㄹ take -습니다 or -습니까. A final ㄹ disappears before ㅂ, so a visible ㅂ does not reveal whether the original stem ended in a vowel or ㄹ. Statements end in 다 and questions in 까, but either can belong to any stem category.",[],{"items":20,"categories":36},[21,24,27,30,32,34],{"text":22,"category":23},"수업이 끝납니까?","Vowel-final stem",{"text":25,"category":26},"주소를 압니까?","ㄹ-final stem",{"text":28,"category":29},"자리가 많습니까?","Consonant-final stem other than ㄹ",{"text":31,"category":29},"문을 닫습니다.",{"text":33,"category":26},"표를 팝니다.",{"text":35,"category":23},"직원이 안내합니다.",[23,29,26],{"id":38,"sentenceTemplate":39,"displayOrder":40,"explanation":41,"blanks":42,"payload":43},"01a0e1ac-79f6-750e-b496-e92393813056","Sort these formal reports by whether the predicate has a present or past tense form.",1,"Past reports contain -았\u002F었습니다; 하다 becomes 했습니다. Present formal forms use -ㅂ니다 or -습니다 without the past marker. Compare the predicate forms rather than looking for a time word. For example, 전시회를 방문했습니다 reports a completed visit.",[],{"items":44,"categories":59},[45,48,50,52,55,57],{"text":46,"category":47},"영화를 봤습니다.","Past tense form",{"text":49,"category":47},"손을 씻었습니다.",{"text":51,"category":47},"방을 청소했습니다.",{"text":53,"category":54},"영화를 봅니다.","Present tense form",{"text":56,"category":54},"손을 씻습니다.",{"text":58,"category":54},"방을 청소합니다.",[47,54],{"id":61,"sentenceTemplate":62,"displayOrder":63,"explanation":64,"blanks":65,"payload":66},"01a0e1ac-79f6-754e-b496-e923943905a9","Sort these polite sentences by the speech style actually used, not by where someone might say them.",2,"Both styles are polite. These -요 forms use 해요체; -ㅂ니다\u002F습니다 forms use 합쇼체. A stem-final ㄹ remains in 길어요 and 팔아요 but disappears before -ㅂ니다 in 깁니다 and 팝니다. In the past, 하다 becomes 했어요 or 했습니다 according to the speech style. Identify style from the ending rather than the setting.",[],{"items":67,"categories":82},[68,71,73,75,78,80],{"text":69,"category":70},"이 줄은 길어요.","Everyday polite: 해요체",{"text":72,"category":70},"여기서 우산을 팔아요.",{"text":74,"category":70},"숙제를 했어요.",{"text":76,"category":77},"이 줄은 깁니다.","Formal polite: 합쇼체",{"text":79,"category":77},"여기서 우산을 팝니다.",{"text":81,"category":77},"숙제를 했습니다.",[70,77],{"id":84,"sentenceTemplate":85,"displayOrder":86,"explanation":87,"blanks":88,"payload":89},"01a0e1ac-79f6-7586-b496-e92394d31761","Recover the dictionary stem behind each formal question and decide how its ending was formed.",3,"A vowel-final stem takes -ㅂ니까 directly. A stem ending in ㄹ first loses ㄹ and then takes -ㅂ니까. Other consonant-final stems take -습니까 without dropping the final consonant. Use the meaning of the whole question to recover the verb: a question about where someone lives uses 살다, whereas buying something uses 사다.",[],{"items":90,"categories":106},[91,94,96,99,101,104],{"text":92,"category":93},"어느 동네에 삽니까?","Drop ㄹ, then attach -ㅂ니까",{"text":95,"category":93},"이 제품을 직접 만듭니까?",{"text":97,"category":98},"어떤 신문을 읽습니까?","Attach -습니까",{"text":100,"category":98},"아침에 무엇을 먹습니까?",{"text":102,"category":103},"지금 어디에 갑니까?","Attach -ㅂ니까 directly",{"text":105,"category":103},"이 가게에서 무엇을 삽니까?",[103,93,98],{"id":108,"sentenceTemplate":109,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":110,"blanks":111,"payload":112},"01a0e1ac-79f6-75ba-b496-e92394f224c1","Check whether each sentence uses the correct present formal statement form. Some forms are deliberately incorrect.","A vowel-final stem takes -ㅂ니다; a consonant-final stem takes -습니다. A final ㄹ must disappear before -ㅂ니다. Thus 살다 becomes 삽니다, not 살습니다, and 길다 becomes 깁니다, not 길습니다. Check the stem as well as the ending: neither ending is correct for every verb.",[],{"items":113,"categories":132},[114,117,119,121,123,126,128,130],{"text":115,"category":116},"학교에 갑니다.","Correct formal form",{"text":118,"category":116},"점심을 먹습니다.",{"text":120,"category":116},"서울에 삽니다.",{"text":122,"category":116},"치마가 깁니다.",{"text":124,"category":125},"학교에 가습니다.","Incorrect formal form",{"text":127,"category":125},"점심을 먹읍니다.",{"text":129,"category":125},"서울에 살습니다.",{"text":131,"category":125},"치마가 길습니다.",[116,125],{"id":134,"sentenceTemplate":135,"displayOrder":136,"explanation":137,"blanks":138,"payload":139},"01a0e1ac-79f6-75ea-b496-e9239596ce29","Sort these formal statements by whether they affirm an action or explicitly negate it.",5,"안 before the predicate and -지 않습니다 after the stem both negate an action. The formal ending alone does not make a sentence negative. Both negative patterns still use formal statement endings.",[],{"items":140,"categories":151},[141,144,146,149],{"text":142,"category":143},"오늘은 문을 안 엽니다.","Negative statement",{"text":145,"category":143},"여기서는 음식을 팔지 않습니다.",{"text":147,"category":148},"오후에 창문을 엽니다.","Affirmative statement",{"text":150,"category":148},"토요일에도 일합니다.",[143,148],"\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_3f4b9cf7-4706-4b00-8dbb-b41991daff5e_hero.webp?v=1790492572",{"title":154,"slug":155,"language":156,"level":157},"합쇼체 '-ㅂ니다\u002F습니다'","hapsyoche-mnida-seumnida","ko","A2"]