[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a0e1ac-7c3a-7b5c-9054-5005660f83d5":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a07863-dbce-7dbc-a32f-8ae0255cde5c":122},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":121},"01a0e1ac-7c3a-7b5c-9054-5005660f83d5","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-dbce-7dbc-a32f-8ae0255cde5c","Read passive sentence roles","Tap each Korean tile, then tap the category that matches the sorting principle.","피동 표현 분류 연습: 문장 역할과 시제 구별하기","한국어 피동 표현을 문장 역할, 사람 행위자와 원인, 시제와 결과 상태에 따라 분류하는 연습입니다. 가게, 집, 물건과 사진에 관한 짧은 문장을 읽고 능동과 피동, 피동과 사동을 구별하며, 이미 피동인 동사에 표현을 덧붙인 잘못된 형태도 해설과 함께 확인합니다.",4,"word_sort",[13,32,51,80,103],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"blanks":18,"payload":19},"01a0e1ac-7c3a-7ccc-9054-500566245256","Sort each sentence by whether its subject performs the action or is affected by it.",0,"An active subject performs the action on an object; a passive subject is the affected entity. Here the owner opens and the worker closes, while the gate and box undergo those actions without a named agent. For example, 손님이 의자를 밀었어요 becomes 의자가 손님에게 밀렸어요.",[],{"items":20,"categories":31},[21,24,26,29],{"text":22,"category":23},"주인이 가게 문을 열었어요.","Active: acting subject",{"text":25,"category":23},"직원이 상자를 닫았어요.",{"text":27,"category":28},"대문이 열렸어요.","Passive: affected subject",{"text":30,"category":28},"상자가 닫혔어요.",[28,23],{"id":33,"sentenceTemplate":34,"displayOrder":35,"explanation":36,"blanks":37,"payload":38},"01a0e1ac-7c3a-7d40-9054-500566fe5992","Sort each passive sentence by whether it names a human agent or a nonhuman cause.",1,"A person responsible for the action can be marked with -에게 or -한테; a nonhuman cause takes -에. Both human-agent particles are accepted here. For example, 사고에 도로가 막혔어요 names a cause, not a person. An agent may also be omitted when unknown or unimportant.",[],{"items":39,"categories":50},[40,43,45,48],{"text":41,"category":42},"범인이 형사한테 잡혔어요.","Human agent",{"text":44,"category":42},"선수가 상대 팀 선수에게 밀렸어요.",{"text":46,"category":47},"쓰러진 나무에 입구가 막혔어요.","Nonhuman cause",{"text":49,"category":47},"강한 바람에 방문이 닫혔어요.",[42,47],{"id":52,"sentenceTemplate":53,"displayOrder":54,"explanation":55,"blanks":56,"payload":57},"01a0e1ac-7c3a-7da0-9054-5005675bdacf","Sort each passive sentence by its expressed time or by its explicit continuing result-state construction.",2,"Passive verbs take ordinary tense endings: present -아요\u002F어요, past -았어요\u002F었어요 and future -(으)ㄹ 거예요. The separate -아\u002F어 있어요 construction explicitly presents a continuing result, rather than simply reporting a past event. For example, 안내문에 주소가 쓰여 있어요 focuses on the written result.",[],{"items":58,"categories":79},[59,62,64,67,69,72,74,77],{"text":60,"category":61},"이 잡지는 매달 많이 팔려요.","Present",{"text":63,"category":61},"현관문이 매일 저절로 닫혀요.",{"text":65,"category":66},"어젯밤에 창고 문이 열렸어요.","Past",{"text":68,"category":66},"어제 자전거가 팔렸어요.",{"text":70,"category":71},"커튼이 계속 닫혀 있어요.","Continuing result state",{"text":73,"category":71},"식탁에 컵이 놓여 있어요.",{"text":75,"category":76},"새 인형은 다음 달에 팔릴 거예요.","Future",{"text":78,"category":76},"내일 새 가게 문이 열릴 거예요.",[76,71,61,66],{"id":81,"sentenceTemplate":82,"displayOrder":83,"explanation":84,"blanks":85,"payload":86},"01a0e1ac-7c3a-7df8-9054-500567ba1ea1","Sort these forms according to the lesson: a single suffix passive or an unnecessary added passive ending.",3,"보이다, 닫히다 and 쓰이다 already contain passive suffixes. In the passive usage taught here, do not add -아\u002F어지다 again: use 보여요, 닫혀요 and 쓰여요 instead. For example, 이 기호는 지도에서 쓰여요 uses just one passive construction.",[],{"items":87,"categories":102},[88,91,93,95,98,100],{"text":89,"category":90},"보여요","Single suffix passive",{"text":92,"category":90},"닫혀요",{"text":94,"category":90},"쓰여요",{"text":96,"category":97},"보여져요","Unnecessary double passive",{"text":99,"category":97},"닫혀져요",{"text":101,"category":97},"쓰여져요",[97,90],{"id":104,"sentenceTemplate":105,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":106,"blanks":107,"payload":108},"01a0e1ac-7c3a-7e50-9054-500567f0d090","Classify 보여요 in each full sentence: something is visible, or a person shows something to someone.","The same suffix shape can express passive or causative meaning. A visible subject with no object gives the passive reading here; a person showing an object to a recipient gives the causative reading. For example, 의사가 환자에게 검사 결과를 보여요 is causative because the doctor makes the results available to see.",[],{"items":109,"categories":120},[110,113,115,118],{"text":111,"category":112},"창밖으로 바다가 보여요.","Passive: is visible",{"text":114,"category":112},"여기에서는 다리가 잘 보여요.",{"text":116,"category":117},"제가 친구에게 여행 사진을 보여요.","Causative: shows something",{"text":119,"category":117},"직원이 손님에게 메뉴를 보여요.",[112,117],"\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_bd350a42-5265-4297-a2d4-0e299238a722_hero.webp?v=1790492572",{"title":123,"slug":124,"language":125,"level":126},"피동 접미사 '-이-·-히-·-리-·-기-'","pidong-jeommisa-i-hi-ri-gi","ko","B1"]