[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-exercise-01a0e1ad-d229-7907-9381-2e90ba5747dd":3,"grammar-exercise-lesson-01a0e1ad-b67a-776b-b916-b6491bc9c366":127},{"id":4,"grammarPage":5,"title":6,"instructions":7,"seoTitle":8,"seoDescription":9,"displayOrder":10,"type":11,"questions":12,"ogImageUrl":126},"01a0e1ad-d229-7907-9381-2e90ba5747dd","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a0e1ad-b67a-776b-b916-b6491bc9c366","没、没有与还没：分清动作否定","先读题目，再点选句子，点选对应的分类。每个句子都要分类。","没与没有的分类练习：动作、完成与尚未","通过句子分类练习没、没有和还没，比较动作没有发生、动作没有完成、平时的习惯和过去的意愿。句子涉及吃饭、买东西、上课、打电话和家务，也练习时间词的位置，以及否定完成动作时动词后了的处理。每组按题目给出的标准分类，注意句子里的时间和具体情况，并结合说明理解普通否定与明确强调尚未之间的区别。",2,"word_sort",[13,32,51,69,88,107],{"id":14,"sentenceTemplate":15,"displayOrder":16,"explanation":17,"blanks":18,"payload":19},"01a0e1ad-d229-7acb-9381-2e90bb05d39a","根据句子提供的情况，区分动作完全没有发生和动作已经开始但没有完成。",0,"没／没有＋动词可以否定动作发生；没／没有＋动词＋完否定完成。后两句的剩一半、只洗了两个说明动作确实开始了。单独说没做完并不能保证已经做了一部分，必须看语境。例如：行李整理了一半，还没整理完。",[],{"items":20,"categories":31},[21,24,26,29],{"text":22,"category":23},"我没切西瓜，西瓜还是整个的。","动作没有发生",{"text":25,"category":23},"她没有听录音，一次也没打开过。",{"text":27,"category":28},"他没喝完牛奶，杯子里还剩一半。","动作开始了，但没完成",{"text":30,"category":28},"我没有洗完盘子，只洗了两个。",[23,28],{"id":33,"sentenceTemplate":34,"displayOrder":35,"explanation":36,"blanks":37,"payload":38},"01a0e1ad-d229-7b37-9381-2e90bb3a7608","判断每句话是在说平时的习惯，还是某一次动作没有发生。",1,"平时、每天、从来说明习惯，用不；昨天、今天在这里限定具体的一次经历，用没／没有说明动作未发生。不能把没当作过去时标记：今天的动作也可以用没否定。例如：今天太忙，我没去银行。",[],{"items":39,"categories":50},[40,43,45,48],{"text":41,"category":42},"他昨天没跑步，忙了一整天。","某一次动作没有发生",{"text":44,"category":42},"今天我没有买菜，直接回家了。",{"text":46,"category":47},"她平时不吃辣的东西。","平时的习惯",{"text":49,"category":47},"我每天走楼梯，从来不坐电梯。",[47,42],{"id":52,"sentenceTemplate":53,"displayOrder":10,"explanation":54,"blanks":55,"payload":56},"01a0e1ad-d229-7b87-9381-2e90bc21b4b0","只按句子明确表达的内容分类：是不愿意做某事，还是实际没有做某事？","不想、不愿意表达意愿，不能据此断定动作最后有没有发生；没／没有说明实际未发生。四句话都说过去的情况，所以不能只凭过去时间选择没。例如：昨晚他不想做饭，最后还是做了。",[],{"items":57,"categories":68},[58,61,63,66],{"text":59,"category":60},"昨天我不想出门，只想在家休息。","不愿意做",{"text":62,"category":60},"上周她不愿意坐飞机，想坐火车。",{"text":64,"category":65},"昨天我没参加活动，因为生病了。","实际没有做",{"text":67,"category":65},"上周她没有见到老师，老师不在学校。",[60,65],{"id":70,"sentenceTemplate":71,"displayOrder":72,"explanation":73,"blanks":74,"payload":75},"01a0e1ad-d229-7bd3-9381-2e90bcb15678","比较回答的表达方式：哪些只是普通否定，哪些明确强调截至现在尚未发生或完成？",3,"回答做了吗、做了没有时，可以说没有，也可以说没／没有＋动词。加还明确强调截至现在尚未发生或完成；普通否定本身不明确表达这层强调。还没常暗示以后可能做，但不保证一定会做。例如：我还没学开车，以后学不学也没决定。",[],{"items":76,"categories":87},[77,80,82,85],{"text":78,"category":79},"付款了吗？——还没付。","明确强调尚未",{"text":81,"category":79},"照片选好了吗？——还没有选好。",{"text":83,"category":84},"你打电话了吗？——没有。","普通否定",{"text":86,"category":84},"你去超市了没有？——没去。",[84,79],{"id":89,"sentenceTemplate":90,"displayOrder":91,"explanation":92,"blanks":93,"payload":94},"01a0e1ad-d229-7c17-9381-2e90bcba60f8","找出每句话的时间词，按时间词在主语前面还是后面分类。",4,"时间词可以放在主语前，也可以放在主语后；这两种位置都正确。没和没有通常同义，都放在所否定的动词前，没更简短。时间由时间词和语境确定，不由没决定。例如：明明上午没有接电话，也可以说上午明明没有接电话。",[],{"items":95,"categories":106},[96,99,101,104],{"text":97,"category":98},"我昨天没有带雨伞。","时间词在主语后",{"text":100,"category":98},"爸爸今天没开车。",{"text":102,"category":103},"昨晚妹妹没用电脑。","时间词在主语前",{"text":105,"category":103},"今天我们没有上课。",[103,98],{"id":108,"sentenceTemplate":109,"displayOrder":110,"explanation":111,"blanks":112,"payload":113},"01a0e1ad-d229-7c5f-9381-2e90bcd440e1","这些句子都要否定动作完成。检查动词后、宾语前的了，区分正确的否定形式和需要删去了的形式。",5,"用没／没有否定完成动作时，通常删去动词后的完成体了，但可以保留完、到等说明结果的成分。这里两个需要修改的了都在动词后、宾语前，不是句末表示变化的了。例如：把她找到了钥匙改成否定句，可以说她没有找到钥匙。",[],{"items":114,"categories":125},[115,118,120,123],{"text":116,"category":117},"我没关了厨房的窗户。","需要删去完成体了",{"text":119,"category":117},"她没有带了那本词典。",{"text":121,"category":122},"他没有吃完那碗面。","否定形式正确",{"text":124,"category":122},"我们没买到电影票。",[122,117],"\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_756e772c-c302-4625-9a4b-89a27f526cd0_hero.webp?v=1790492660",{"title":128,"slug":129,"language":130,"level":131},"“没”与已发生动作的否定","mei-yu-yi-fasheng-dongzuo-de-fouding","zh","A2"]