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الحجة","in-wa-idha-wa-law",163,{"id":827,"title":828,"slug":829,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":830},"01a14143-3dab-75b2-905c-5ae1f553a468","كلما وأيا كان ومهما يكن","kullama-wa-ayyan-kana",164,{"id":832,"title":833,"slug":834,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":835},"01a14143-3e28-7d8f-b568-b8ceeb0c8084","المصدر المؤول في مواقع نحوية متعددة","mawaqi-al-masdar-al-muawwal",165,{"id":837,"title":838,"slug":839,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":840},"01a14143-3ad9-718b-9545-a30ed0b9b8de","الاعتراض والاستدراك في الجملة الطويلة","al-itirad-wa-al-istidrak",166,{"id":842,"title":843,"slug":844,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":845},"01a14143-3ca9-7680-b00a-cde07f4af711","التقديم والتأخير وبؤرة المعلومة","bu-rat-al-maluma",167,{"id":847,"title":848,"slug":849,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":850},"01a14143-3a63-70e7-b9a1-ed1134701ab0","الحذف واستعادة المحذوف من السياق","al-hadhf-fi-as-siyaq",168,{"id":852,"title":853,"slug":854,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":855},"01a14143-3c78-7eaf-8db2-4baf4a227d81","التراكيب الاسمية في الأسلوب الأكاديمي","at-tarakib-al-ismiyya-al-akadimiyya",169,{"id":857,"title":858,"slug":859,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":860},"01a14143-3e40-77f1-bb7a-7755cbab1c42","نقل الأقوال والموقف من المصدر","naql-al-aqwal",170,{"id":862,"title":863,"slug":864,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":865},"01a14143-3c57-7c1f-8b9a-8756d4887bcd","التحفظ والاحتمال في الكتابة العلمية","at-tahaffuz-wa-al-ihtimal",171,{"id":867,"title":868,"slug":869,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":870},"01a14143-3c25-7a59-a627-b67c7910d72c","الصياغة الإدارية والقانونية المعاصرة","as-siyagha-al-idariyya",172,{"id":872,"title":873,"slug":874,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":875},"01a14143-3c44-7d7e-90e0-1fc38905a4b0","التعجب والمدح والذم","at-taajjub-wa-al-madh-wa-adh-dhamm",173,{"id":877,"title":878,"slug":879,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":881},"01a14143-3bad-7aee-9881-8597330b4ca7","العدول بين الخبر والإنشاء وأثره","al-udul-bayna-al-khabar-wa-al-insha","C2",174,{"id":883,"title":884,"slug":885,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":886},"01a14143-3ab4-7dd7-9c18-6cc240d60051","الالتفات وتحول الضمائر في النص الأدبي","al-iltifat",175,{"id":888,"title":889,"slug":890,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":891},"01a14143-3a15-7344-a201-e498d909a359","الفصل والوصل في بناء النص","al-fasl-wa-al-wasl",176,{"id":893,"title":894,"slug":895,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":896},"01a14143-3aa6-722a-abdf-92a2a36e1d46","الإيجاز والحذف وحدود استنتاج المعنى","al-ijaz-wa-al-hadhf",177,{"id":898,"title":899,"slug":900,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":901},"01a14143-3c71-7c34-bc16-593c334a1d7b","التقديم للاختصاص والحصر في النص الأدبي","at-taqdim-li-al-ikhtisas",178,{"id":903,"title":904,"slug":905,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":906},"01a14143-3abc-761f-b84c-ad57171015a8","الاشتغال في قراءة النصوص الفصيحة","al-ishtighal",179,{"id":908,"title":909,"slug":910,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":911},"01a14143-3c64-7f80-acfc-fd896eb807e1","التنازع وتحديد العامل","at-tanazu",180,{"id":913,"title":914,"slug":915,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":916},"01a14143-3aad-7870-aa38-609a1caf4bfe","الاختصاص والتحذير والإغراء","al-ikhtisas-wa-at-tahdhir",181,{"id":918,"title":919,"slug":920,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":921},"01a14143-3b28-779d-9ba1-03923e51543e","المفعول معه والتمييز من العطف","al-maful-maahu",182,{"id":923,"title":924,"slug":925,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":926},"01a14143-3e47-7385-8a7e-bc7d6f00153c","نون التوكيد ولام القسم في القراءة","nun-at-tawkid-wa-lam-al-qasam",183,{"id":928,"title":929,"slug":930,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":931},"01a14143-3d1b-7b6f-b9f8-e3ec9b8920af","إن المخففة واللام الفارقة في النصوص","in-al-mukhaffafa",184,{"id":933,"title":934,"slug":935,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":936},"01a14143-3db9-79a6-97b4-cb9a95ebdd33","لا ولات وإن المشبهة بليس في القراءة","la-wa-lata-wa-in",185,{"id":938,"title":939,"slug":940,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":941},"01a14143-3cd7-752b-85f3-7fdcd9881ff7","ضمير الشأن والقصة وتفسيره","damir-ash-shan",186,{"id":943,"title":944,"slug":945,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":946},"01a14143-3a5c-7452-9f79-57e7ae583138","الحذف في جملة الصلة وشروط فهمه","al-hadhf-fi-as-sila",187,{"id":948,"title":949,"slug":950,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":951},"01a14143-3e73-7cbd-9916-78149163b2df","تعدد التحليل النحوي وأثره في المعنى","taaddud-at-tahlil-an-nahwi",188,{"id":953,"title":954,"slug":955,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":956},"01a14143-3c7f-7adb-8468-77f42fa800a5","التراكيب التراثية في الاقتباس المعاصر","at-tarakib-at-turathiyya",189,{"id":244,"title":245,"slug":246,"seoDescription":958,"content":959,"language":9,"level":201,"displayOrder":247,"grammarTopics":960,"createdAt":966,"updatedAt":967,"vocabularyLists":968,"primaryTopicHub":969,"readyImages":971},"تعلّم علامات الرفع والنصب والجر في الأسماء المفردة، وحدّد موقع الاسم في الجملة البسيطة: مبتدأ أو خبر أو فاعل أو مفعول به أو اسم مجرور، مع أمثلة واضحة.","يتغيّر آخر الاسم أحيانًا بحسب وظيفته في الجملة: **جاءَ المُعَلِّمُ**، **رَأَيْتُ المُعَلِّمَ**، **سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى المُعَلِّمِ**. ستتعلّم كيف تختار الضمّة أو الفتحة أو الكسرة في جمل بسيطة.\n\n## ١. ما الإعراب؟\n\nالإعراب هو تغيّر آخر الكلمة بحسب وظيفتها في الجملة. نركّز هنا على أسماء مفردة تظهر عليها الحركات، مثل **المُعَلِّم** و**الكِتاب**.\n\n| الحالة | العلامة في أمثلتنا | مثال |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| الرفع | الضمّة **ـُ** | جاءَ المُعَلِّمُ. |\n| النصب | الفتحة **ـَ** | رَأَيْتُ المُعَلِّمَ. |\n| الجرّ | الكسرة **ـِ** | سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى المُعَلِّمِ. |\n\nلا نختار الحركة بحسب معنى الاسم وحده، بل بحسب وظيفته: هل هو فاعل؟ هل وقع عليه الفعل؟ هل جاء بعد حرف جرّ؟\n\n:::note\nليست هذه علامات جميع الأسماء. للمثنّى وبعض أنواع الجمع علامات أخرى، ولها درس مستقلّ. نستخدم هنا أسماء مثل «المُعَلِّم» و«الكِتاب» لتوضيح الحركات الثلاث.\n:::\n\n## ٢. متى يكون الاسم مرفوعًا؟\n\nمن المواضع الشائعة للرفع:\n\n- **المبتدأ**: الاسم الذي نتحدّث عنه في الجملة الاسمية.\n- **الخبر**: ما نقوله عن المبتدأ؛ ونستخدم هنا خبرًا من كلمة واحدة.\n- **الفاعل**: الاسم الذي يدلّ على من قام بالفعل في أمثلتنا.\n\n:::example\n**البَيْتُ كَبِيرٌ.**\n\n«البَيْتُ» مبتدأ مرفوع، و«كَبِيرٌ» خبر مرفوع. علامة الرفع في كليهما الضمّة.\n\nوَصَلَ **الطَّبِيبُ**.\n\n«الطَّبِيبُ» فاعل مرفوع بالضمّة: هو الذي وصل.\n:::\n\nفي **كَبِيرٌ** نرى تنوين الضمّ. التنوين لا يغيّر الحالة: الكلمة مرفوعة.\n\n## ٣. متى يكون الاسم منصوبًا؟\n\nمن المواضع الشائعة للنصب **المفعول به**: الاسم الذي يقع عليه فعل الفاعل.\n\n:::example\nقَرَأَ الطَّالِبُ **الكِتابَ**.\n\nمَنْ قرأ؟ الطَّالِبُ: فاعل مرفوع.\n\nماذا قرأ؟ الكِتابَ: مفعول به منصوب بالفتحة.\n\nفَتَحَتْ مَرْيَمُ **البابَ**.\n\n«البابَ» مفعول به منصوب بالفتحة.\n:::\n\nليس كلّ اسم بعد الفعل منصوبًا. في **قَرَأَ الطَّالِبُ الكِتابَ**، جاء الاسمان بعد الفعل، لكنّ لكلّ واحد منهما وظيفة وحركة مختلفتين.\n\n## ٤. متى يكون الاسم مجرورًا؟\n\nيكون الاسم مجرورًا بعد حرف جرّ، مثل **مِنْ، إِلَى، فِي، عَلَى، بِـ، لِـ**.\n\n| حرف الجرّ | مثال | الاسم المجرور |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| فِي | الكِتابُ فِي الحَقِيبَةِ. | الحَقِيبَةِ |\n| إِلَى | ذَهَبَ خَالِدٌ إِلَى المَدْرَسَةِ. | المَدْرَسَةِ |\n| بِـ | كَتَبْتُ بِالقَلَمِ. | القَلَمِ |\n\nويكون **المضاف إليه** مجرورًا أيضًا. وهو الاسم الثاني في تركيب إضافة، مثل **بابُ البَيْتِ**.\n\n:::example\nبابُ **البَيْتِ** مَفْتُوحٌ.\n\n«البَيْتِ» مضاف إليه مجرور بالكسرة، مع أنّه لا يسبقه حرف جرّ.\n:::\n\n:::tip\nفي «بابُ البَيْتِ»، لا يأخذ الاسمان الحركة نفسها: «بابُ» مبتدأ مرفوع، و«البَيْتِ» مضاف إليه مجرور.\n:::\n\n## ٥. الحركة مع «الـ» ومع التنوين\n\nقارن الاسم نفسه مع «الـ» ومن دونها في هذه الأمثلة:\n\n| الحالة | مع «الـ» | من دون «الـ» |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| الرفع | هٰذَا الكِتابُ مُفِيدٌ. | هٰذَا كِتابٌ مُفِيدٌ. |\n| النصب | قَرَأْتُ الكِتابَ. | قَرَأْتُ كِتابًا. |\n| الجرّ | بَحَثْتُ عَنِ الكِتابِ. | بَحَثْتُ عَنْ كِتابٍ. |\n\nفي هذه الأمثلة، يظهر التنوين في **كِتابٌ، كِتابًا، كِتابٍ**. ونكتب ألفًا مع تنوين الفتح في **كِتابًا**.\n\n:::warning\nلا تجمع بين «الـ» والتنوين: اكتب **الكِتابُ** أو **كِتابٌ**، ولا تكتب «الكِتابٌ».\n\nولا تفترض أنّ كلّ اسم بلا «الـ» يأخذ تنوينًا؛ فالمضاف لا يُنوَّن: **بابُ البَيْتِ**.\n:::\n\nعند الوقف في الكلام، لا ننطق عادةً الحركة القصيرة الأخيرة، لكنّ وظيفة الكلمة وحالتها الإعرابية لا تتغيّران.\n\n## ٦. كيف تختار الحركة؟\n\n1. حدّد وظيفة الاسم، ولا تعتمد على مكانه وحده.\n2. إذا كان مبتدأ أو خبرًا مفردًا أو فاعلًا، فارفعه.\n3. إذا كان مفعولًا به، فانصبه.\n4. إذا جاء بعد حرف جرّ أو كان مضافًا إليه، فاجْرُرْه.\n\nتذكّر النمط في الأسماء التي درسناها: **المُعَلِّمُ** مرفوع، **المُعَلِّمَ** منصوب، **المُعَلِّمِ** مجرور. الوظيفة أولًا، ثمّ الحركة.",[961],{"id":962,"name":963,"level":201,"language":9,"isCompleted":964,"completionPercentage":965,"totalExercises":86,"completedExercises":965},"01a14143-3912-7808-8854-4e8eabbd9fbb","وظيفة الاسم وعلامة إعرابه",false,0,"2026-10-15T20:31:27+00:00","2026-10-16T06:40:27+00:00",[],{"name":963,"slug":970,"language":9},"wazifat-al-ism-wa-irabuhu-a2",[],{"id":962,"name":963,"slug":970,"language":9,"level":201,"introduction":973,"lessonCount":21,"totalExercises":86,"objectives":974,"prerequisites":978,"lessons":980},"تبدأ باختيار حركة الاسم المفرد بحسب وظيفته، ثم تتعلّم كيف تميّز مَن قام بالفعل وما وقع عليه الفعل حتى عندما يتغيّر ترتيب الكلمات. بعد ذلك تطبّق الفهم نفسه على المثنّى والجمع السالم، فتختار العلامة المناسبة وتعرف متى تحذف النون عند الإضافة.",[975,976,977],"تحديد وظيفة الاسم دون الاعتماد على ترتيبه وحده.","اختيار علامات الرفع والنصب والجر للمفرد والمثنّى والجمع السالم.","حذف نون المثنّى وجمع المذكّر السالم عند الإضافة.",[979],"معرفة الجملة الاسمية والفعلية البسيطة، وحروف الجر، وصيغ المثنّى والجمع السالم.",[981,1010,1026],{"id":244,"contentId":982,"slug":246,"title":245,"level":201,"summary":983,"order":11,"exercises":984},"pg_cbce0d6f-9f0f-4164-a2b3-938d342c2d69","يربط الرفع والنصب والجر بوظائف الاسم المفرد، ويميّز الحركة مع التعريف والتنوين والإضافة.",[985,989,992,996,1000,1003,1007],{"id":986,"title":987,"order":965,"type":988},"01a14143-5592-7aa8-8fde-d62cc6abe1bc","حركات الأسماء في البيت والمدينة","word_select",{"id":990,"title":991,"order":11,"type":988},"01a14143-55af-78a1-9eea-46ba8c5ef521","الحركة والتنوين والإضافة في الدراسة والعمل",{"id":993,"title":994,"order":16,"type":995},"01a14143-55cb-76f4-97eb-1458278bd382","بناء الجملة: الحركة والإضافة وحروف الجر","sentence_builder",{"id":997,"title":998,"order":21,"type":999},"01a14143-55dc-7024-b978-5a9b2443218e","اكتشف خطأ الحركة في الجملة 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الفعل",{"id":1021,"title":1022,"order":16,"type":1006},"01a14143-4411-761a-9373-b1df71351885","الفاعل والمفعول به: المعنى والحركة",{"id":1024,"title":1025,"order":21,"type":1006},"01a14143-4417-7b2e-acf5-f6f71dbf25c2","ترتيب الجملة والفاعل الظاهر والضمير",{"id":259,"contentId":1027,"slug":261,"title":260,"level":201,"summary":1028,"order":21,"exercises":1029},"pg_4f9da918-287d-42c7-8e24-14147bf88f99","ينقل تحديد الوظيفة إلى علامات المثنّى والجمع السالم، ويشرح نصب جمع المؤنث بالكسرة وحذف النون عند الإضافة.",[1030,1033,1036,1039,1042],{"id":1031,"title":1032,"order":965,"type":988},"01a14143-61cf-79d7-9e83-b11062d7ed95","نهايات المثنى والجمع في الحياة اليومية",{"id":1034,"title":1035,"order":11,"type":988},"01a14143-61e7-794a-b04d-f1743f563630","الإضافة وحذف النون ومراجعة الجمع",{"id":1037,"title":1038,"order":16,"type":995},"01a14143-61fc-7783-9f10-ab723ff04ce0","بناء جمل المثنى والجمع مع الإضافة",{"id":1040,"title":1041,"order":21,"type":1006},"01a14143-620c-7c59-9a0b-bbafc79bb61c","تصنيف المثنى والجمع حسب النوع والإعراب",{"id":1043,"title":1044,"order":26,"type":1006},"01a14143-6213-7c8c-ae40-40b4b66d6634","المثنى والجمع السالم في الإضافة",[1046,1052,1056,1060,1064,1068,1072],{"@id":1047,"@type":1048,"id":986,"grammarPage":1049,"title":987,"instructions":1050,"displayOrder":965,"type":988,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":66,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1051},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-5592-7aa8-8fde-d62cc6abe1bc","GrammarExercise","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a14143-3c05-7288-b91b-a5ee84fd9822","اختر الحركة المناسبة لوظيفة الاسم في كل جملة. اعتمد الإعراب المكتوب، لا نطق الوقف.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_d7b8ea85-d232-46c3-b928-b2c13b61b1f2_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"@id":1053,"@type":1048,"id":990,"grammarPage":1049,"title":991,"instructions":1054,"displayOrder":11,"type":988,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":76,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1055},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-55af-78a1-9eea-46ba8c5ef521","اختر الصيغة الصحيحة لكل اسم. انتبه إلى وظيفته، وإلى التنوين والإضافة، واعتمد الإعراب المكتوب.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_9a9853de-7165-4966-8a97-84a939646dfc_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"@id":1057,"@type":1048,"id":993,"grammarPage":1049,"title":994,"instructions":1058,"displayOrder":16,"type":995,"questionCount":56,"blankCount":56,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1059},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-55cb-76f4-97eb-1458278bd382","رتّب الكلمات لتكوين جملة صحيحة، واترك القطعة الزائدة. حافظ على الحركات المكتوبة وعلامة الترقيم المتصلة بالكلمة.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_e0d18323-3336-4fd1-bfd0-13a5666c732b_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"@id":1061,"@type":1048,"id":997,"grammarPage":1049,"title":998,"instructions":1062,"displayOrder":21,"type":999,"questionCount":46,"blankCount":965,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1063},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-55dc-7024-b978-5a9b2443218e","حدّد الكلمة الخاطئة، ثم اختر تصحيحها. اعتمد الحركات المكتوبة، لا نطق الوقف.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_89d726e8-927b-40f8-baf1-3884e714b72a_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"@id":1065,"@type":1048,"id":1001,"grammarPage":1049,"title":1002,"instructions":1066,"displayOrder":26,"type":999,"questionCount":46,"blankCount":965,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1067},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-55e4-716d-9e9b-fdd670768583","في كل جملة كلمة خاطئة واحدة. حدّدها واختر تصحيحها، مع الانتباه إلى الحركة والتنوين والإضافة.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_f30b2257-716e-43d0-8dc0-d71890503039_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"@id":1069,"@type":1048,"id":1004,"grammarPage":1049,"title":1005,"instructions":1070,"displayOrder":31,"type":1006,"questionCount":26,"blankCount":965,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1071},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-55ec-7271-b424-217ec2bcc654","اضغط على البطاقة ثم على العمود المناسب. صنّف الكلمة بين القوسين فقط بحسب وظيفتها في الجملة.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_622499a0-f189-4a3c-ace5-5e17ba774c1d_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"@id":1073,"@type":1048,"id":1008,"grammarPage":1049,"title":1009,"instructions":1074,"displayOrder":36,"type":1006,"questionCount":26,"blankCount":965,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1075},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-55f3-72e7-9b3b-93067fc3884c","اضغط على البطاقة ثم على العمود المناسب. اقرأ الجملة كاملة وصنّف الكلمة بين القوسين وفق المطلوب.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_05fb4da5-36c0-4793-b07b-571565a53d8a_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"id":986,"grammarPage":1049,"title":987,"instructions":1050,"seoTitle":1077,"seoDescription":1078,"displayOrder":965,"type":988,"questions":1079,"ogImageUrl":1051},"الرفع والنصب والجر: اختيار حركة الاسم","تدرّب على الرفع والنصب والجر باختيار حركة الاسم في جمل عن البيت والمدينة، وميّز المبتدأ والخبر والفاعل والمفعول به والاسم المجرور بعد حروف الجر.",[1080],{"id":1081,"sentenceTemplate":1082,"displayOrder":965,"explanation":1083,"exampleSentence":1084,"blanks":1085},"01a14143-5592-7e68-8fde-d62cca723a1d","__1__ نظيفٌ.","المطبخ مبتدأ نتحدث عنه، فيُرفع بالضمة. لا يوجد هنا فعل ينصبه أو حرف جر يجرّه.","الشارعُ واسعٌ.",[1086],{"id":1087,"blankNumber":11,"options":1088},"01a14143-5592-7dd8-8fde-d62cca1673b9",[1089,1092,1096],{"id":1090,"optionText":1091,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":965},"01a14143-5592-7cdc-8fde-d62cc77d3ccb","المطبخَ",{"id":1093,"optionText":1094,"isCorrect":1095,"displayOrder":11},"01a14143-5592-7d44-8fde-d62cc84b717f","المطبخُ",true,{"id":1097,"optionText":1098,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":16},"01a14143-5592-7d90-8fde-d62cc9440f83","المطبخِ",{"html":1100,"toc":1101},"\u003Cp>يتغيّر آخر الاسم أحيانًا بحسب وظيفته في الجملة: \u003Cstrong>جاءَ المُعَلِّمُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، \u003Cstrong>رَأَيْتُ المُعَلِّمَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، \u003Cstrong>سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى المُعَلِّمِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. ستتعلّم كيف تختار الضمّة أو الفتحة أو الكسرة في جمل بسيطة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>١. ما الإعراب؟\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>الإعراب هو تغيّر آخر الكلمة بحسب وظيفتها في الجملة. نركّز هنا على أسماء مفردة تظهر عليها الحركات، مثل \u003Cstrong>المُعَلِّم\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>الكِتاب\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الحالة\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>العلامة في أمثلتنا\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>مثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>الرفع\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>الضمّة \u003Cstrong>ـُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>جاءَ المُعَلِّمُ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>النصب\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>الفتحة \u003Cstrong>ـَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>رَأَيْتُ المُعَلِّمَ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>الجرّ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>الكسرة \u003Cstrong>ـِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى المُعَلِّمِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>لا نختار الحركة بحسب معنى الاسم وحده، بل بحسب وظيفته: هل هو فاعل؟ هل وقع عليه الفعل؟ هل جاء بعد حرف جرّ؟\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>ليست هذه علامات جميع الأسماء. للمثنّى وبعض أنواع الجمع علامات أخرى، ولها درس مستقلّ. نستخدم هنا أسماء مثل «المُعَلِّم» و«الكِتاب» لتوضيح الحركات الثلاث.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>٢. متى يكون الاسم مرفوعًا؟\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>من المواضع الشائعة للرفع:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>المبتدأ\u003C\u002Fstrong>: الاسم الذي نتحدّث عنه في الجملة الاسمية.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>الخبر\u003C\u002Fstrong>: ما نقوله عن المبتدأ؛ ونستخدم هنا خبرًا من كلمة واحدة.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>الفاعل\u003C\u002Fstrong>: الاسم الذي يدلّ على من قام بالفعل في أمثلتنا.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>البَيْتُ كَبِيرٌ.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>«البَيْتُ» مبتدأ مرفوع، و«كَبِيرٌ» خبر مرفوع. علامة الرفع في كليهما الضمّة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>وَصَلَ \u003Cstrong>الطَّبِيبُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>«الطَّبِيبُ» فاعل مرفوع بالضمّة: هو الذي وصل.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>في \u003Cstrong>كَبِيرٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong> نرى تنوين الضمّ. التنوين لا يغيّر الحالة: الكلمة مرفوعة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>٣. متى يكون الاسم منصوبًا؟\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>من المواضع الشائعة للنصب \u003Cstrong>المفعول به\u003C\u002Fstrong>: الاسم الذي يقع عليه فعل الفاعل.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>قَرَأَ الطَّالِبُ \u003Cstrong>الكِتابَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>مَنْ قرأ؟ الطَّالِبُ: فاعل مرفوع.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>ماذا قرأ؟ الكِتابَ: مفعول به منصوب بالفتحة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>فَتَحَتْ مَرْيَمُ \u003Cstrong>البابَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>«البابَ» مفعول به منصوب بالفتحة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>ليس كلّ اسم بعد الفعل منصوبًا. في \u003Cstrong>قَرَأَ الطَّالِبُ الكِتابَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، جاء الاسمان بعد الفعل، لكنّ لكلّ واحد منهما وظيفة وحركة مختلفتين.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>٤. متى يكون الاسم مجرورًا؟\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>يكون الاسم مجرورًا بعد حرف جرّ، مثل \u003Cstrong>مِنْ، إِلَى، فِي، عَلَى، بِـ، لِـ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>حرف الجرّ\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>مثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>الاسم المجرور\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>فِي\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>الكِتابُ فِي الحَقِيبَةِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>الحَقِيبَةِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>إِلَى\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>ذَهَبَ خَالِدٌ إِلَى المَدْرَسَةِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>المَدْرَسَةِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>بِـ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>كَتَبْتُ بِالقَلَمِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>القَلَمِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>ويكون \u003Cstrong>المضاف إليه\u003C\u002Fstrong> مجرورًا أيضًا. وهو الاسم الثاني في تركيب إضافة، مثل \u003Cstrong>بابُ البَيْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>بابُ \u003Cstrong>البَيْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> مَفْتُوحٌ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>«البَيْتِ» مضاف إليه مجرور بالكسرة، مع أنّه لا يسبقه حرف جرّ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--tip\">\u003Cp>في «بابُ البَيْتِ»، لا يأخذ الاسمان الحركة نفسها: «بابُ» مبتدأ مرفوع، و«البَيْتِ» مضاف إليه مجرور.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>٥. الحركة مع «الـ» ومع التنوين\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>قارن الاسم نفسه مع «الـ» ومن دونها في هذه الأمثلة:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الحالة\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>مع «الـ»\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>من دون «الـ»\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>الرفع\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هٰذَا الكِتابُ مُفِيدٌ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هٰذَا كِتابٌ مُفِيدٌ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>النصب\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَرَأْتُ الكِتابَ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَرَأْتُ كِتابًا.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>الجرّ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>بَحَثْتُ عَنِ الكِتابِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>بَحَثْتُ عَنْ كِتابٍ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>في هذه الأمثلة، يظهر التنوين في \u003Cstrong>كِتابٌ، كِتابًا، كِتابٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. ونكتب ألفًا مع تنوين الفتح في \u003Cstrong>كِتابًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>لا تجمع بين «الـ» والتنوين: اكتب \u003Cstrong>الكِتابُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> أو \u003Cstrong>كِتابٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، ولا تكتب «الكِتابٌ».\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>ولا تفترض أنّ كلّ اسم بلا «الـ» يأخذ تنوينًا؛ فالمضاف لا يُنوَّن: \u003Cstrong>بابُ البَيْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>عند الوقف في الكلام، لا ننطق عادةً الحركة القصيرة الأخيرة، لكنّ وظيفة الكلمة وحالتها الإعرابية لا تتغيّران.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-6\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>٦. كيف تختار الحركة؟\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>حدّد وظيفة الاسم، ولا تعتمد على مكانه وحده.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>إذا كان مبتدأ أو خبرًا مفردًا أو فاعلًا، فارفعه.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>إذا كان مفعولًا به، فانصبه.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>إذا جاء بعد حرف جرّ أو كان مضافًا إليه، فاجْرُرْه.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Cp>تذكّر النمط في الأسماء التي درسناها: \u003Cstrong>المُعَلِّمُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> مرفوع، \u003Cstrong>المُعَلِّمَ\u003C\u002Fstrong> منصوب، \u003Cstrong>المُعَلِّمِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> مجرور. الوظيفة أولًا، ثمّ الحركة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[1102,1106,1110,1114,1118,1122],{"id":1103,"text":1104,"depth":16,"number":1105},"section","١. ما الإعراب؟","1",{"id":1107,"text":1108,"depth":16,"number":1109},"section-2","٢. متى يكون الاسم مرفوعًا؟","2",{"id":1111,"text":1112,"depth":16,"number":1113},"section-3","٣. متى يكون الاسم منصوبًا؟","3",{"id":1115,"text":1116,"depth":16,"number":1117},"section-4","٤. متى يكون الاسم مجرورًا؟","4",{"id":1119,"text":1120,"depth":16,"number":1121},"section-5","٥. الحركة مع «الـ» ومع التنوين","5",{"id":1123,"text":1124,"depth":16,"number":1125},"section-6","٦. كيف تختار الحركة؟","6"]