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الحجة","in-wa-idha-wa-law",163,{"id":827,"title":828,"slug":829,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":830},"01a14143-3dab-75b2-905c-5ae1f553a468","كلما وأيا كان ومهما يكن","kullama-wa-ayyan-kana",164,{"id":832,"title":833,"slug":834,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":835},"01a14143-3e28-7d8f-b568-b8ceeb0c8084","المصدر المؤول في مواقع نحوية متعددة","mawaqi-al-masdar-al-muawwal",165,{"id":837,"title":838,"slug":839,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":840},"01a14143-3ad9-718b-9545-a30ed0b9b8de","الاعتراض والاستدراك في الجملة الطويلة","al-itirad-wa-al-istidrak",166,{"id":842,"title":843,"slug":844,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":845},"01a14143-3ca9-7680-b00a-cde07f4af711","التقديم والتأخير وبؤرة المعلومة","bu-rat-al-maluma",167,{"id":847,"title":848,"slug":849,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":850},"01a14143-3a63-70e7-b9a1-ed1134701ab0","الحذف واستعادة المحذوف من السياق","al-hadhf-fi-as-siyaq",168,{"id":852,"title":853,"slug":854,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":855},"01a14143-3c78-7eaf-8db2-4baf4a227d81","التراكيب الاسمية في الأسلوب الأكاديمي","at-tarakib-al-ismiyya-al-akadimiyya",169,{"id":857,"title":858,"slug":859,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":860},"01a14143-3e40-77f1-bb7a-7755cbab1c42","نقل الأقوال والموقف من المصدر","naql-al-aqwal",170,{"id":862,"title":863,"slug":864,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":865},"01a14143-3c57-7c1f-8b9a-8756d4887bcd","التحفظ والاحتمال في الكتابة العلمية","at-tahaffuz-wa-al-ihtimal",171,{"id":867,"title":868,"slug":869,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":870},"01a14143-3c25-7a59-a627-b67c7910d72c","الصياغة الإدارية والقانونية المعاصرة","as-siyagha-al-idariyya",172,{"id":872,"title":873,"slug":874,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":875},"01a14143-3c44-7d7e-90e0-1fc38905a4b0","التعجب والمدح والذم","at-taajjub-wa-al-madh-wa-adh-dhamm",173,{"id":877,"title":878,"slug":879,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":881},"01a14143-3bad-7aee-9881-8597330b4ca7","العدول بين الخبر والإنشاء وأثره","al-udul-bayna-al-khabar-wa-al-insha","C2",174,{"id":883,"title":884,"slug":885,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":886},"01a14143-3ab4-7dd7-9c18-6cc240d60051","الالتفات وتحول الضمائر في النص الأدبي","al-iltifat",175,{"id":888,"title":889,"slug":890,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":891},"01a14143-3a15-7344-a201-e498d909a359","الفصل والوصل في بناء النص","al-fasl-wa-al-wasl",176,{"id":893,"title":894,"slug":895,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":896},"01a14143-3aa6-722a-abdf-92a2a36e1d46","الإيجاز والحذف وحدود استنتاج المعنى","al-ijaz-wa-al-hadhf",177,{"id":898,"title":899,"slug":900,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":901},"01a14143-3c71-7c34-bc16-593c334a1d7b","التقديم للاختصاص والحصر في النص الأدبي","at-taqdim-li-al-ikhtisas",178,{"id":903,"title":904,"slug":905,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":906},"01a14143-3abc-761f-b84c-ad57171015a8","الاشتغال في قراءة النصوص الفصيحة","al-ishtighal",179,{"id":908,"title":909,"slug":910,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":911},"01a14143-3c64-7f80-acfc-fd896eb807e1","التنازع وتحديد العامل","at-tanazu",180,{"id":913,"title":914,"slug":915,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":916},"01a14143-3aad-7870-aa38-609a1caf4bfe","الاختصاص والتحذير والإغراء","al-ikhtisas-wa-at-tahdhir",181,{"id":918,"title":919,"slug":920,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":921},"01a14143-3b28-779d-9ba1-03923e51543e","المفعول معه والتمييز من العطف","al-maful-maahu",182,{"id":923,"title":924,"slug":925,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":926},"01a14143-3e47-7385-8a7e-bc7d6f00153c","نون التوكيد ولام القسم في القراءة","nun-at-tawkid-wa-lam-al-qasam",183,{"id":928,"title":929,"slug":930,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":931},"01a14143-3d1b-7b6f-b9f8-e3ec9b8920af","إن المخففة واللام الفارقة في النصوص","in-al-mukhaffafa",184,{"id":933,"title":934,"slug":935,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":936},"01a14143-3db9-79a6-97b4-cb9a95ebdd33","لا ولات وإن المشبهة بليس في القراءة","la-wa-lata-wa-in",185,{"id":938,"title":939,"slug":940,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":941},"01a14143-3cd7-752b-85f3-7fdcd9881ff7","ضمير الشأن والقصة وتفسيره","damir-ash-shan",186,{"id":943,"title":944,"slug":945,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":946},"01a14143-3a5c-7452-9f79-57e7ae583138","الحذف في جملة الصلة وشروط فهمه","al-hadhf-fi-as-sila",187,{"id":948,"title":949,"slug":950,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":951},"01a14143-3e73-7cbd-9916-78149163b2df","تعدد التحليل النحوي وأثره في المعنى","taaddud-at-tahlil-an-nahwi",188,{"id":953,"title":954,"slug":955,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":956},"01a14143-3c7f-7adb-8468-77f42fa800a5","التراكيب التراثية في الاقتباس المعاصر","at-tarakib-at-turathiyya",189,{"id":505,"title":506,"slug":507,"seoDescription":958,"content":959,"language":9,"level":387,"displayOrder":508,"grammarTopics":960,"createdAt":966,"updatedAt":967,"vocabularyLists":968,"primaryTopicHub":969,"readyImages":971},"تعلّم وصف الاسم النكرة بجملة فعلية أو اسمية، وربطها به بضمير ظاهر أو مستتر، مع أمثلة توضح الفرق بين الصفة المفردة والصفة الجملة واستعمال الذي مع المعرفة.","## ١. وصف النكرة بجملة\n\nعندما تتحدث عن شخص أو شيء غير معيّن، يمكنك أن تصفه بجملة كاملة: أَبْحَثُ عَنْ شَقَّةٍ **تَدْخُلُهَا الشَّمْسُ**. الجملة المبرزة تصف الشقة وتوضح الشقة التي تبحث عنها. ستتعلّم كيف تبني هذه الصفة، وكيف تربطها بالاسم الذي تصفه.\n\nقارن بين طريقتين للوصف:\n\n- أَبْحَثُ عَنْ شَقَّةٍ **مُشْمِسَةٍ**: الصفة كلمة واحدة.\n- أَبْحَثُ عَنْ شَقَّةٍ **تَدْخُلُهَا الشَّمْسُ**: الصفة جملة فعلية.\n\nالاسم الذي نصفه يسمّى **الموصوف**، والصفة تسمّى أيضًا **النعت**. في المثالين، «شَقَّةٍ» اسم نكرة.\n\n## ٢. جملة فعلية أو جملة اسمية\n\nيمكن أن تكون الصفة جملة تبدأ بفعل، أو جملة اسمية فيها مبتدأ وخبر.\n\n| نوع الصفة | المثال | الجملة التي تصف النكرة |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| جملة فعلية | قَرَأْتُ كِتَابًا **يَشْرَحُ قَوَاعِدَ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ**. | يَشْرَحُ قَوَاعِدَ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ |\n| جملة فعلية | قَابَلْتُ طَالِبَةً **دَرَسَتْ فِي مِصْرَ**. | دَرَسَتْ فِي مِصْرَ |\n| جملة اسمية | سَكَنْتُ فِي بَيْتٍ **نَوَافِذُهُ كَبِيرَةٌ**. | نَوَافِذُهُ كَبِيرَةٌ |\n\nفي المثال الأخير، «نَوَافِذُهُ» مبتدأ، و«كَبِيرَةٌ» خبر. والجملة كلها تصف البيت.\n\n:::note\nالصفة الجملة تعطي معلومة عن الموصوف؛ فلا تكون أمرًا أو سؤالًا. ويمكن أن يكون فعلها ماضيًا أو مضارعًا بحسب المعنى، كما في الأمثلة السابقة.\n:::\n\n## ٣. الضمير الذي يربط الصفة بالموصوف\n\nتحتاج جملة الصفة إلى رابط يعود على الموصوف. نستخدم هنا **ضميرًا ظاهرًا أو مستترًا**؛ والمستتر ضمير نفهمه من الفعل ولا نكتبه كلمة مستقلة.\n\n| المثال | الرابط | ما يعود عليه |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| أَعْرِفُ طَبِيبًا **يَتَكَلَّمُ الْعَرَبِيَّةَ**. | فاعل «يَتَكَلَّمُ» ضمير مستتر تقديره «هُوَ» | طَبِيبًا |\n| أَبْحَثُ عَنْ شَقَّةٍ **تَدْخُلُهَا الشَّمْسُ**. | «هَا» في «تَدْخُلُهَا» | شَقَّةٍ |\n| هٰذَا مَطْعَمٌ **طَعَامُهُ لَذِيذٌ**. | «هُ» في «طَعَامُهُ» | مَطْعَمٌ |\n\n:::example\n**وصف مكان:**\n\nزُرْتُ مَدِينَةً **شَوَارِعُهَا وَاسِعَةٌ**.\n\n«هَا» تعود على المدينة، والجملة الاسمية تصف شوارعها.\n\n**وصف شخص:**\n\nقَابَلْتُ مُعَلِّمَةً **تَعْمَلُ فِي هٰذِهِ الْمَدْرَسَةِ**.\n\nفاعل «تَعْمَلُ» ضمير مستتر تقديره «هِيَ»، يعود على المعلّمة.\n:::\n\n:::warning\nلا يكفي أن تضع جملة بعد النكرة؛ يجب أن تصفها وأن ترتبط بها. في «قَرَأْتُ كِتَابًا. الْجَوُّ جَمِيلٌ.» الجملة الثانية معلومة مستقلة، وليست صفة للكتاب.\n:::\n\n## ٤. النكرة والمعرفة في الوصف\n\nلوصف النكرة بجملة، نضع الجملة بعدها مباشرة. أمّا في المثال المقابل مع المعرفة، فنستخدم اسمًا موصولًا مثل **الَّذِي** أو **الَّتِي**.\n\n| وصف النكرة | وصف المعرفة |\n| --- | --- |\n| قَرَأْتُ كِتَابًا **يَشْرَحُ هٰذِهِ الْقَاعِدَةَ**. | قَرَأْتُ الْكِتَابَ **الَّذِي يَشْرَحُ هٰذِهِ الْقَاعِدَةَ**. |\n| قَابَلْتُ مُعَلِّمَةً **تَعْمَلُ هُنَا**. | قَابَلْتُ الْمُعَلِّمَةَ **الَّتِي تَعْمَلُ هُنَا**. |\n\n:::tip\nلبناء وصف بسيط، اختر: **كِتَابٌ يَشْرَحُ…** أو **الْكِتَابُ الَّذِي يَشْرَحُ…**. لا تضف «الَّذِي» آليًّا بعد الاسم النكرة.\n:::\n\n## ٥. موقع الصفة الجملة في الإعراب\n\nالصفة الجملة تتبع الموصوف في موقعه الإعرابي. نقول إنها **في محل رفع أو نصب أو جر**؛ فلا نضع حركة إعرابية واحدة على الجملة كلها.\n\n| المثال | إعراب الموصوف | موقع جملة الصفة |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| هٰذَا كِتَابٌ **يَشْرَحُ الْقَاعِدَةَ**. | «كِتَابٌ» خبر مرفوع | في محل رفع نعت |\n| قَرَأْتُ كِتَابًا **يَشْرَحُ الْقَاعِدَةَ**. | «كِتَابًا» مفعول به منصوب | في محل نصب نعت |\n| اِسْتَفَدْتُ مِنْ كِتَابٍ **يَشْرَحُ الْقَاعِدَةَ**. | «كِتَابٍ» اسم مجرور | في محل جر نعت |\n\nيبقى الفعل **يَشْرَحُ** مرفوعًا في الأمثلة الثلاثة؛ فموقع جملة الصفة لا يغيّر إعراب كلماتها الداخلية.\n\n## ٦. خطوات للمراجعة\n\n1. حدّد الاسم النكرة الذي تريد وصفه.\n2. أضف جملة فعلية أو اسمية تعطي معلومة عنه.\n3. تأكّد من وجود ضمير يعود عليه، ظاهر أو مستتر.\n4. إذا احتجت إلى الإعراب، حدّد موقع الموصوف أولًا.\n\nتذكّر النمطين: شَقَّةٌ **تَدْخُلُهَا الشَّمْسُ**، وشَقَّةٌ **نَوَافِذُهَا كَبِيرَةٌ**. في كليهما نكرة تتبعها جملة تصفها وترتبط بها.",[961],{"id":962,"name":963,"level":387,"language":9,"isCompleted":964,"completionPercentage":965,"totalExercises":76,"completedExercises":965},"01a14143-3923-70f3-88ac-9876f7eb270b","وصف النكرة والمعرفة وربط الصلة",false,0,"2026-10-15T20:31:27+00:00","2026-10-16T06:40:27+00:00",[],{"name":963,"slug":970,"language":9},"wasf-an-nakira-wa-al-marifa-b1",[],{"id":962,"name":963,"slug":970,"language":9,"level":387,"introduction":973,"lessonCount":21,"totalExercises":76,"objectives":974,"prerequisites":978,"lessons":981},"تتعلم أولًا كيف تصف نكرة بجملة، ومتى تحتاج إلى الموصول مع المعرفة. ثم تختار الموصول المناسب للمثنى والجمع، قبل أن تفحص الضمير الذي يصل الجملة بالاسم المقصود. يتيح هذا الترتيب وصف أشخاص وأشياء بدقة مع الفصل بين إعراب الموصول ودور العائد داخل الصلة.",[975,976,977],"اختيار جملة الصفة أو البناء الموصول بحسب تعريف الاسم.","ضبط الموصول للمثنى والجمع ومطابقة غير العاقل.","تحديد العائد واختيار ضميره وحرف الجر المناسبين.",[979,980],"معرفة النكرة والمعرفة والذي والتي.","معرفة ضمائر الرفع والنصب والجر وإعراب المثنى.",[982,1000,1023],{"id":505,"contentId":983,"slug":507,"title":506,"level":387,"summary":984,"order":11,"exercises":985},"pg_00cc27cb-d37e-480e-8697-60bc2f92a15f","ينشئ صفة جملة بعد النكرة برابط ظاهر أو مستتر، ويقارنها بالوصف الموصول بعد المعرفة.",[986,990,993,997],{"id":987,"title":988,"order":965,"type":989},"01a14143-55fa-7616-956b-761043e0c646","بناء الصفة الجملة وتحديد رابطها","word_select",{"id":991,"title":992,"order":11,"type":989},"01a14143-5617-7ad6-9c4d-38f0cc6680ff","النكرة والمعرفة ومحل جملة الصفة",{"id":994,"title":995,"order":16,"type":996},"01a14143-562e-7a3c-bee4-95789771c31d","الصفة الجملة: نوع الوصف ورابطه","word_sort",{"id":998,"title":999,"order":21,"type":996},"01a14143-5637-7f4d-a21f-9f825bacf322","الصفة الجملة: التعريف والمحل الإعرابي",{"id":500,"contentId":1001,"slug":502,"title":501,"level":387,"summary":1002,"order":16,"exercises":1003},"pg_1cabfaa5-7f3e-4088-9536-fab3c8796169","يوسع الموصولات إلى المثنى والجمع مع الإعراب ومطابقة غير العاقل والضمير العائد.",[1004,1007,1010,1014,1017,1020],{"id":1005,"title":1006,"order":965,"type":989},"01a14143-4eee-7237-bba0-c6454983dc6d","اختيار الموصول بحسب العدد والموقع",{"id":1008,"title":1009,"order":11,"type":989},"01a14143-4f07-7bdd-8b32-eb58ed2805d2","الموصول وصلته في وصف الأشخاص والأشياء",{"id":1011,"title":1012,"order":16,"type":1013},"01a14143-4f20-72fa-9a10-fee1556803ee","تصحيح موصولات المثنى وجمع الأشخاص","find_and_fix",{"id":1015,"title":1016,"order":21,"type":1013},"01a14143-4f29-72b7-8235-47c486d2d890","تصحيح الموصول والعائد في الصلة",{"id":1018,"title":1019,"order":26,"type":996},"01a14143-4f33-7d0b-82f9-ba9bc0475b23","تصنيف الموصولات بحسب الإعراب والمرجع",{"id":1021,"title":1022,"order":31,"type":996},"01a14143-4f3a-7669-b407-639c9533ed56","تصنيف الموصول والعائد وإعراب المثنى",{"id":510,"contentId":1024,"slug":512,"title":511,"level":387,"summary":1025,"order":21,"exercises":1026},"pg_52fb7355-114c-4ccf-9f18-9830efd02aa8","يفحص دور العائد داخل الصلة فاعلًا أو مفعولًا أو ضميرًا مجرورًا، ويفصله عن بقية الضمائر.",[1027,1030,1033,1036],{"id":1028,"title":1029,"order":965,"type":989},"01a14143-41e6-72cd-9b24-07f72d62d0f4","اختيار صورة العائد في مواقف يومية",{"id":1031,"title":1032,"order":11,"type":989},"01a14143-41fc-7013-b873-c24bffeb9a1b","تمييز العائد ودوره داخل الصلة",{"id":1034,"title":1035,"order":16,"type":996},"01a14143-420e-7ac5-95c5-4d2ba1e69c3e","تصنيف العائد بحسب صورته ودوره",{"id":1037,"title":1038,"order":21,"type":996},"01a14143-4214-7093-a5a4-ca028a09e10d","مرجع العائد وتمييزه من الضمائر الأخرى",[1040,1046,1050,1054],{"@id":1041,"@type":1042,"id":987,"grammarPage":1043,"title":988,"instructions":1044,"displayOrder":965,"type":989,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":66,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1045},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-55fa-7616-956b-761043e0c646","GrammarExercise","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a14143-3c0b-77f3-80c6-3e6f7204c773","اختر الإجابة التي تكمل الوصف أو تحلّل الجملة بحسب المطلوب.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_0bc1618c-c11c-4b5f-8b3c-eb8885101189_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"@id":1047,"@type":1042,"id":991,"grammarPage":1043,"title":992,"instructions":1048,"displayOrder":11,"type":989,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":66,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1049},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-5617-7ad6-9c4d-38f0cc6680ff","اختر الصيغة أو التحليل المناسب، وانتبه إلى تعريف الموصوف وموقعه الإعرابي.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_e69c358d-cbd8-4f1a-99e2-f88982b84d3d_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"@id":1051,"@type":1042,"id":994,"grammarPage":1043,"title":995,"instructions":1052,"displayOrder":16,"type":996,"questionCount":26,"blankCount":965,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1053},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-562e-7a3c-bee4-95789771c31d","اضغط على البطاقة، ثم على العمود المناسب لتصنيفها.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_6643e026-4f58-43b7-94f3-fb7d4ab78e4f_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"@id":1055,"@type":1042,"id":998,"grammarPage":1043,"title":999,"instructions":1056,"displayOrder":21,"type":996,"questionCount":26,"blankCount":965,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1057},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-5637-7f4d-a21f-9f825bacf322","اضغط على كل بطاقة، ثم على العمود الذي يوافق التحليل المطلوب.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_7567aa6d-09e3-41fe-bf03-521a1b4c0628_hero.webp?v=1792096294",{"id":987,"grammarPage":1043,"title":988,"instructions":1044,"seoTitle":1059,"seoDescription":1060,"displayOrder":965,"type":989,"questions":1061,"ogImageUrl":1045},"الصفة الجملة: تدريب على الوصف والرابط","تدرّب على الصفة الجملة باختيار الإجابة المناسبة في جمل عن السكن والعمل والقراءة، وميّز الجملة الاسمية والفعلية والضمير الذي يربط الوصف بالاسم النكرة.",[1062],{"id":1063,"sentenceTemplate":1064,"displayOrder":965,"explanation":1065,"exampleSentence":1066,"blanks":1067},"01a14143-55fa-79f2-956b-76104684d6da","في «أحتاج إلى حقيبةٍ تتّسع لملابسي»، الصفة هي __1__.","تتّسع لملابسي وصف للحقيبة يبدأ بفعل؛ لذلك هو جملة فعلية، لا صفة من كلمة واحدة ولا جملة اسمية.","في الحديقة شجرةٌ تُظلّل المقعد.",[1068],{"id":1069,"blankNumber":11,"options":1070},"01a14143-55fa-796a-956b-7610459f0a0e",[1071,1074,1078],{"id":1072,"optionText":1073,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":965},"01a14143-55fa-786a-956b-76104459dcc1","كلمة واحدة",{"id":1075,"optionText":1076,"isCorrect":1077,"displayOrder":11},"01a14143-55fa-78de-956b-761044d2a2b3","جملة فعلية",true,{"id":1079,"optionText":1080,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":16},"01a14143-55fa-7926-956b-7610455f6523","جملة اسمية",{"html":1082,"toc":1083},"\u003Ch2 id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>١. وصف النكرة بجملة\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>عندما تتحدث عن شخص أو شيء غير معيّن، يمكنك أن تصفه بجملة كاملة: أَبْحَثُ عَنْ شَقَّةٍ \u003Cstrong>تَدْخُلُهَا الشَّمْسُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. الجملة المبرزة تصف الشقة وتوضح الشقة التي تبحث عنها. ستتعلّم كيف تبني هذه الصفة، وكيف تربطها بالاسم الذي تصفه.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>قارن بين طريقتين للوصف:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>أَبْحَثُ عَنْ شَقَّةٍ \u003Cstrong>مُشْمِسَةٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong>: الصفة كلمة واحدة.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>أَبْحَثُ عَنْ شَقَّةٍ \u003Cstrong>تَدْخُلُهَا الشَّمْسُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>: الصفة جملة فعلية.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>الاسم الذي نصفه يسمّى \u003Cstrong>الموصوف\u003C\u002Fstrong>، والصفة تسمّى أيضًا \u003Cstrong>النعت\u003C\u002Fstrong>. في المثالين، «شَقَّةٍ» اسم نكرة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>٢. جملة فعلية أو جملة اسمية\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>يمكن أن تكون الصفة جملة تبدأ بفعل، أو جملة اسمية فيها مبتدأ وخبر.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>نوع الصفة\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>المثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>الجملة التي تصف النكرة\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>جملة فعلية\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَرَأْتُ كِتَابًا \u003Cstrong>يَشْرَحُ قَوَاعِدَ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يَشْرَحُ قَوَاعِدَ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>جملة فعلية\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَابَلْتُ طَالِبَةً \u003Cstrong>دَرَسَتْ فِي مِصْرَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>دَرَسَتْ فِي مِصْرَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>جملة اسمية\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>سَكَنْتُ فِي بَيْتٍ \u003Cstrong>نَوَافِذُهُ كَبِيرَةٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>نَوَافِذُهُ كَبِيرَةٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>في المثال الأخير، «نَوَافِذُهُ» مبتدأ، و«كَبِيرَةٌ» خبر. والجملة كلها تصف البيت.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>الصفة الجملة تعطي معلومة عن الموصوف؛ فلا تكون أمرًا أو سؤالًا. ويمكن أن يكون فعلها ماضيًا أو مضارعًا بحسب المعنى، كما في الأمثلة السابقة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>٣. الضمير الذي يربط الصفة بالموصوف\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>تحتاج جملة الصفة إلى رابط يعود على الموصوف. نستخدم هنا \u003Cstrong>ضميرًا ظاهرًا أو مستترًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>؛ والمستتر ضمير نفهمه من الفعل ولا نكتبه كلمة مستقلة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>المثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>الرابط\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>ما يعود عليه\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَعْرِفُ طَبِيبًا \u003Cstrong>يَتَكَلَّمُ الْعَرَبِيَّةَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>فاعل «يَتَكَلَّمُ» ضمير مستتر تقديره «هُوَ»\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>طَبِيبًا\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَبْحَثُ عَنْ شَقَّةٍ \u003Cstrong>تَدْخُلُهَا الشَّمْسُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>«هَا» في «تَدْخُلُهَا»\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>شَقَّةٍ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>هٰذَا مَطْعَمٌ \u003Cstrong>طَعَامُهُ لَذِيذٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>«هُ» في «طَعَامُهُ»\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مَطْعَمٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>وصف مكان:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>زُرْتُ مَدِينَةً \u003Cstrong>شَوَارِعُهَا وَاسِعَةٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>«هَا» تعود على المدينة، والجملة الاسمية تصف شوارعها.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>وصف شخص:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>قَابَلْتُ مُعَلِّمَةً \u003Cstrong>تَعْمَلُ فِي هٰذِهِ الْمَدْرَسَةِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>فاعل «تَعْمَلُ» ضمير مستتر تقديره «هِيَ»، يعود على المعلّمة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>لا يكفي أن تضع جملة بعد النكرة؛ يجب أن تصفها وأن ترتبط بها. في «قَرَأْتُ كِتَابًا. الْجَوُّ جَمِيلٌ.» الجملة الثانية معلومة مستقلة، وليست صفة للكتاب.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>٤. النكرة والمعرفة في الوصف\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>لوصف النكرة بجملة، نضع الجملة بعدها مباشرة. أمّا في المثال المقابل مع المعرفة، فنستخدم اسمًا موصولًا مثل \u003Cstrong>الَّذِي\u003C\u002Fstrong> أو \u003Cstrong>الَّتِي\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>وصف النكرة\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>وصف المعرفة\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>قَرَأْتُ كِتَابًا \u003Cstrong>يَشْرَحُ هٰذِهِ الْقَاعِدَةَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَرَأْتُ الْكِتَابَ \u003Cstrong>الَّذِي يَشْرَحُ هٰذِهِ الْقَاعِدَةَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>قَابَلْتُ مُعَلِّمَةً \u003Cstrong>تَعْمَلُ هُنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَابَلْتُ الْمُعَلِّمَةَ \u003Cstrong>الَّتِي تَعْمَلُ هُنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--tip\">\u003Cp>لبناء وصف بسيط، اختر: \u003Cstrong>كِتَابٌ يَشْرَحُ…\u003C\u002Fstrong> أو \u003Cstrong>الْكِتَابُ الَّذِي يَشْرَحُ…\u003C\u002Fstrong>. لا تضف «الَّذِي» آليًّا بعد الاسم النكرة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>٥. موقع الصفة الجملة في الإعراب\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>الصفة الجملة تتبع الموصوف في موقعه الإعرابي. نقول إنها \u003Cstrong>في محل رفع أو نصب أو جر\u003C\u002Fstrong>؛ فلا نضع حركة إعرابية واحدة على الجملة كلها.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>المثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>إعراب الموصوف\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>موقع جملة الصفة\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>هٰذَا كِتَابٌ \u003Cstrong>يَشْرَحُ الْقَاعِدَةَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>«كِتَابٌ» خبر مرفوع\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>في محل رفع نعت\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>قَرَأْتُ كِتَابًا \u003Cstrong>يَشْرَحُ الْقَاعِدَةَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>«كِتَابًا» مفعول به منصوب\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>في محل نصب نعت\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَفَدْتُ مِنْ كِتَابٍ \u003Cstrong>يَشْرَحُ الْقَاعِدَةَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>«كِتَابٍ» اسم مجرور\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>في محل جر نعت\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>يبقى الفعل \u003Cstrong>يَشْرَحُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> مرفوعًا في الأمثلة الثلاثة؛ فموقع جملة الصفة لا يغيّر إعراب كلماتها الداخلية.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-6\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>٦. خطوات للمراجعة\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>حدّد الاسم النكرة الذي تريد وصفه.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>أضف جملة فعلية أو اسمية تعطي معلومة عنه.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>تأكّد من وجود ضمير يعود عليه، ظاهر أو مستتر.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>إذا احتجت إلى الإعراب، حدّد موقع الموصوف أولًا.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Cp>تذكّر النمطين: شَقَّةٌ \u003Cstrong>تَدْخُلُهَا الشَّمْسُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، وشَقَّةٌ \u003Cstrong>نَوَافِذُهَا كَبِيرَةٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. في كليهما نكرة تتبعها جملة تصفها وترتبط بها.\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[1084,1088,1092,1096,1100,1104],{"id":1085,"text":1086,"depth":16,"number":1087},"section","١. وصف النكرة بجملة","1",{"id":1089,"text":1090,"depth":16,"number":1091},"section-2","٢. جملة فعلية أو جملة اسمية","2",{"id":1093,"text":1094,"depth":16,"number":1095},"section-3","٣. الضمير الذي يربط الصفة بالموصوف","3",{"id":1097,"text":1098,"depth":16,"number":1099},"section-4","٤. النكرة والمعرفة في الوصف","4",{"id":1101,"text":1102,"depth":16,"number":1103},"section-5","٥. موقع الصفة الجملة في الإعراب","5",{"id":1105,"text":1106,"depth":16,"number":1107},"section-6","٦. خطوات للمراجعة","6"]