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الحجة","in-wa-idha-wa-law",163,{"id":827,"title":828,"slug":829,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":830},"01a14143-3dab-75b2-905c-5ae1f553a468","كلما وأيا كان ومهما يكن","kullama-wa-ayyan-kana",164,{"id":832,"title":833,"slug":834,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":835},"01a14143-3e28-7d8f-b568-b8ceeb0c8084","المصدر المؤول في مواقع نحوية متعددة","mawaqi-al-masdar-al-muawwal",165,{"id":837,"title":838,"slug":839,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":840},"01a14143-3ad9-718b-9545-a30ed0b9b8de","الاعتراض والاستدراك في الجملة الطويلة","al-itirad-wa-al-istidrak",166,{"id":842,"title":843,"slug":844,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":845},"01a14143-3ca9-7680-b00a-cde07f4af711","التقديم والتأخير وبؤرة المعلومة","bu-rat-al-maluma",167,{"id":847,"title":848,"slug":849,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":850},"01a14143-3a63-70e7-b9a1-ed1134701ab0","الحذف واستعادة المحذوف من السياق","al-hadhf-fi-as-siyaq",168,{"id":852,"title":853,"slug":854,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":855},"01a14143-3c78-7eaf-8db2-4baf4a227d81","التراكيب الاسمية في الأسلوب الأكاديمي","at-tarakib-al-ismiyya-al-akadimiyya",169,{"id":857,"title":858,"slug":859,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":860},"01a14143-3e40-77f1-bb7a-7755cbab1c42","نقل الأقوال والموقف من المصدر","naql-al-aqwal",170,{"id":862,"title":863,"slug":864,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":865},"01a14143-3c57-7c1f-8b9a-8756d4887bcd","التحفظ والاحتمال في الكتابة العلمية","at-tahaffuz-wa-al-ihtimal",171,{"id":867,"title":868,"slug":869,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":870},"01a14143-3c25-7a59-a627-b67c7910d72c","الصياغة الإدارية والقانونية المعاصرة","as-siyagha-al-idariyya",172,{"id":872,"title":873,"slug":874,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":875},"01a14143-3c44-7d7e-90e0-1fc38905a4b0","التعجب والمدح والذم","at-taajjub-wa-al-madh-wa-adh-dhamm",173,{"id":877,"title":878,"slug":879,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":881},"01a14143-3bad-7aee-9881-8597330b4ca7","العدول بين الخبر والإنشاء وأثره","al-udul-bayna-al-khabar-wa-al-insha","C2",174,{"id":883,"title":884,"slug":885,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":886},"01a14143-3ab4-7dd7-9c18-6cc240d60051","الالتفات وتحول الضمائر في النص الأدبي","al-iltifat",175,{"id":888,"title":889,"slug":890,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":891},"01a14143-3a15-7344-a201-e498d909a359","الفصل والوصل في بناء النص","al-fasl-wa-al-wasl",176,{"id":893,"title":894,"slug":895,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":896},"01a14143-3aa6-722a-abdf-92a2a36e1d46","الإيجاز والحذف وحدود استنتاج المعنى","al-ijaz-wa-al-hadhf",177,{"id":898,"title":899,"slug":900,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":901},"01a14143-3c71-7c34-bc16-593c334a1d7b","التقديم للاختصاص والحصر في النص الأدبي","at-taqdim-li-al-ikhtisas",178,{"id":903,"title":904,"slug":905,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":906},"01a14143-3abc-761f-b84c-ad57171015a8","الاشتغال في قراءة النصوص الفصيحة","al-ishtighal",179,{"id":908,"title":909,"slug":910,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":911},"01a14143-3c64-7f80-acfc-fd896eb807e1","التنازع وتحديد العامل","at-tanazu",180,{"id":913,"title":914,"slug":915,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":916},"01a14143-3aad-7870-aa38-609a1caf4bfe","الاختصاص والتحذير والإغراء","al-ikhtisas-wa-at-tahdhir",181,{"id":918,"title":919,"slug":920,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":921},"01a14143-3b28-779d-9ba1-03923e51543e","المفعول معه والتمييز من العطف","al-maful-maahu",182,{"id":923,"title":924,"slug":925,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":926},"01a14143-3e47-7385-8a7e-bc7d6f00153c","نون التوكيد ولام القسم في القراءة","nun-at-tawkid-wa-lam-al-qasam",183,{"id":928,"title":929,"slug":930,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":931},"01a14143-3d1b-7b6f-b9f8-e3ec9b8920af","إن المخففة واللام الفارقة في النصوص","in-al-mukhaffafa",184,{"id":933,"title":934,"slug":935,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":936},"01a14143-3db9-79a6-97b4-cb9a95ebdd33","لا ولات وإن المشبهة بليس في القراءة","la-wa-lata-wa-in",185,{"id":938,"title":939,"slug":940,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":941},"01a14143-3cd7-752b-85f3-7fdcd9881ff7","ضمير الشأن والقصة وتفسيره","damir-ash-shan",186,{"id":943,"title":944,"slug":945,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":946},"01a14143-3a5c-7452-9f79-57e7ae583138","الحذف في جملة الصلة وشروط فهمه","al-hadhf-fi-as-sila",187,{"id":948,"title":949,"slug":950,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":951},"01a14143-3e73-7cbd-9916-78149163b2df","تعدد التحليل النحوي وأثره في المعنى","taaddud-at-tahlil-an-nahwi",188,{"id":953,"title":954,"slug":955,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":956},"01a14143-3c7f-7adb-8468-77f42fa800a5","التراكيب التراثية في الاقتباس المعاصر","at-tarakib-at-turathiyya",189,{"id":450,"title":451,"slug":452,"seoDescription":958,"content":959,"language":9,"level":387,"displayOrder":453,"grammarTopics":960,"createdAt":966,"updatedAt":967,"vocabularyLists":968,"primaryTopicHub":1116,"readyImages":1118},"تعلّم تكوين اسم الفاعل من الفعل الثلاثي وغير الثلاثي، وضبط الميم وما قبل الآخر، مع أمثلة للأفعال المعتلة والمهموزة، والتمييز بين المذكر والمؤنث.","## المعنى والاستعمال\n\nحين تقول: «سَامِرٌ **كَاتِبٌ**»، تصف سامرًا بكلمة مشتقّة من الفعل «كَتَبَ». هذه الكلمة هي **اسم الفاعل**. ستتعلّم تكوينه من الفعل الثلاثي وغير الثلاثي، مع أهمّ التغيّرات في الأفعال المعتلّة والمهموزة.\n\nاسم الفاعل اسم مشتقّ يدلّ على مَن قام بالفعل أو اتّصف به. وقد يصف شخصًا أو شيئًا، ولا يدلّ وحده على زمن محدّد؛ فالسياق يوضّح المعنى.\n\n:::example\n- هٰذَا **كَاتِبٌ** مَشْهُورٌ. ← شخص يكتب، وقد تكون الكتابة مهنته.\n- الطِّفْلُ **نَائِمٌ** الآنَ. ← وصف لحالته الآن.\n- المَاءُ **جَارٍ** فِي القَنَاةِ. ← وصف للماء.\n:::\n\n## من الثلاثي: وزن فَاعِل\n\nالفعل الثلاثي هو ما كانت حروفه الأصليّة ثلاثة. نكوّن اسم الفاعل منه على وزن **فَاعِل**: نضيف ألفًا بعد الحرف الأوّل، ونكسر الحرف الثاني.\n\n| الفعل | اسم الفاعل | مثال |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| كَتَبَ | كَاتِبٌ | كَاتِبٌ مَشْهُورٌ |\n| جَلَسَ | جَالِسٌ | رَجُلٌ جَالِسٌ |\n| فَتَحَ | فَاتِحٌ | فَاتِحُ البَابِ |\n| سَمِعَ | سَامِعٌ | سَامِعُ الصَّوْتِ |\n\nانتبه إلى أنّ حركة الحرف الثاني في الماضي لا تنتقل إلى اسم الفاعل: **سَمِعَ ← سَامِعٌ**.\n\n:::note\nلا يكفي أن تضيف ألفًا إلى الرسم دائمًا؛ ففي بعض الأفعال تتغيّر الحروف أو تُدغم، كما في **قَالَ ← قَائِلٌ** و**مَدَّ ← مَادٌّ**.\n:::\n\n## تغيّرات مهمّة في الثلاثي\n\nاحفظ هذه الأنماط الشائعة مع أمثلتها:\n\n| نوع الفعل | الفعل | اسم الفاعل | ما الذي تلاحظه؟ |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| أوّله واو | وَقَفَ | وَاقِفٌ | تبقى الواو |\n| وسطه ألف منقلبة عن واو أو ياء | قَالَ، بَاعَ | قَائِلٌ، بَائِعٌ | تتحوّل الألف إلى همزة بعد ألف الوزن |\n| آخره حرف علّة | دَعَا، رَمَى | الدَّاعِي، الرَّامِي | ينتهي الاسم بياء قبلها كسرة |\n| أوّله همزة | أَكَلَ | آكِلٌ | تُكتب الهمزة مع ألف الوزن مدّة: آ |\n| آخره همزة | قَرَأَ | قَارِئٌ | تُكتب الهمزة على نبرة بعد الكسرة |\n| حرفاه الأخيران متماثلان | مَدَّ | مَادٌّ | يُدغم الحرفان وتظهر الشدّة |\n\nالأسماء مثل **دَاعٍ** و**رَامٍ** أسماء منقوصة؛ أي إنّ آخرها ياء لازمة قبلها كسرة. تُحذف الياء إذا كان الاسم نكرة غير مضاف في الرفع والجرّ، وتبقى في النصب، ومع «الـ»، وفي الإضافة.\n\n:::example\n- هٰذَا **قَاضٍ**. ← نكرة مرفوعة، حُذفت الياء.\n- سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى **قَاضٍ**. ← نكرة مجرورة، حُذفت الياء.\n- رَأَيْتُ **قَاضِيًا**. ← نكرة منصوبة، بقيت الياء.\n- حَضَرَ **القَاضِي**. ← بقيت الياء مع «الـ».\n- حَضَرَ **قَاضِي المَدِينَةِ**. ← بقيت الياء في الإضافة.\n:::\n\n## من غير الثلاثي: ابدأ بالمضارع\n\nلتكوين اسم الفاعل من غير الثلاثي:\n\n1. اكتب المضارع مع «هو».\n2. استبدل حرف المضارعة بميم مضمومة: **مُـ**.\n3. اكسر الحرف الذي قبل الآخر.\n\n| الماضي | المضارع | اسم الفاعل |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| عَلَّمَ | يُعَلِّمُ | مُعَلِّمٌ |\n| سَاعَدَ | يُسَاعِدُ | مُسَاعِدٌ |\n| أَرْسَلَ | يُرْسِلُ | مُرْسِلٌ |\n| تَعَلَّمَ | يَتَعَلَّمُ | مُتَعَلِّمٌ |\n| شَارَكَ | يُشَارِكُ | مُشَارِكٌ |\n| اِنْتَظَرَ | يَنْتَظِرُ | مُنْتَظِرٌ |\n| اِسْتَخْدَمَ | يَسْتَخْدِمُ | مُسْتَخْدِمٌ |\n\n:::example\n**تَدَرَّبَ ← يَتَدَرَّبُ ← مُتَدَرِّبٌ**\n\nهٰذَا **مُتَدَرِّبٌ** جَدِيدٌ.\n\nغيّرنا الياء إلى ميم مضمومة، وكسرنا الراء قبل الباء الأخيرة.\n:::\n\nقد يغيّر حرف العلّة صورة الاسم: **أَقَامَ ← يُقِيمُ ← مُقِيمٌ**، و**اِشْتَرَى ← يَشْتَرِي ← مُشْتَرٍ**. وتنطبق على «مُشْتَرٍ» قاعدة الاسم المنقوص: **المُشْتَرِي، رَأَيْتُ مُشْتَرِيًا**.\n\n## التأنيث والمطابقة\n\nاسم الفاعل اسم، فيقبل التأنيث والتثنية والجمع بحسب استعماله. لتأنيث الصيغ الشائعة هنا نضيف التاء المربوطة: **كَاتِبٌ ← كَاتِبَةٌ**، و**مُهَنْدِسٌ ← مُهَنْدِسَةٌ**.\n\n| الموصوف | المثال |\n| --- | --- |\n| مفرد مذكّر | هٰذَا طَالِبٌ مُجْتَهِدٌ. |\n| مفرد مؤنّث | هٰذِهِ طَالِبَةٌ مُجْتَهِدَةٌ. |\n| جمع مذكّر عاقل | هٰؤُلَاءِ طُلَّابٌ مُجْتَهِدُونَ. |\n| جمع مؤنّث عاقل | هٰؤُلَاءِ طَالِبَاتٌ مُجْتَهِدَاتٌ. |\n| جمع غير عاقل | هٰذِهِ أَجْهِزَةٌ مُتَطَوِّرَةٌ. |\n\nمع جمع غير العاقل نستعمل الصفة مفردة مؤنّثة في النمط المعتاد، كما في «أَجْهِزَةٌ مُتَطَوِّرَةٌ».\n\n## انتبه إلى الحركة والمعنى\n\n:::warning\nلا تخلط بين اسم الفاعل واسم المفعول في الصيغ التي تميّزها حركة واحدة:\n\n- **مُرْسِلٌ**: الشخص الذي يُرسل.\n- **مُرْسَلٌ**: الشخص أو الشيء الذي أُرسل.\n\nكلاهما صحيح، لكنّ المعنى مختلف: **هٰذَا مُرْسِلُ الرِّسَالَةِ**، و**هٰذِهِ رِسَالَةٌ مُرْسَلَةٌ**.\n:::\n\nولا تحذف همزة اسم الفاعل في **قَائِلٌ** و**بَائِعٌ**، ولا تنسَ ضمّة الميم وكسرة ما قبل الآخر في **مُتَعَلِّمٌ**.\n\n## خلاصة التكوين\n\n- من الثلاثي: ابدأ بوزن **فَاعِل**، مثل **كَتَبَ ← كَاتِبٌ**.\n- راعِ تغيّرات الحروف، مثل **بَاعَ ← بَائِعٌ** و**أَكَلَ ← آكِلٌ**.\n- من غير الثلاثي: ابدأ بالمضارع، وضع ميمًا مضمومة بدل حرف المضارعة، واكسر ما قبل الآخر: **يُسَاعِدُ ← مُسَاعِدٌ**.\n- راجع الياء في الاسم المنقوص: **قَاضٍ، القَاضِي، قَاضِيًا**.\n- طابق الاسم مع ما يصفه، ودع السياق يحدّد الزمن والمعنى.",[961],{"id":962,"name":963,"level":387,"language":9,"isCompleted":964,"completionPercentage":965,"totalExercises":71,"completedExercises":965},"01a14143-3922-7235-927e-948fa434dc2e","من الفعل إلى اسم الحدث وصاحبه وما وقع عليه",false,0,"2026-10-15T20:31:28+00:00","2026-10-16T06:40:27+00:00",[969],{"id":970,"title":971,"vocabularyListWords":972,"isPublished":1067},"01a14143-90ad-72c8-8457-728ada700004","أسماء الأشخاص والصفات 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وإثباتها.",[1210],{"id":1211,"sentenceTemplate":1212,"displayOrder":965,"explanation":1213,"exampleSentence":1214,"blanks":1215},"01a14143-621a-7dfb-aeda-58105a8e0901","أخي __1__ دراجته إلى العمل كل صباح. (رَكِبَ)","اسم الفاعل من رَكِبَ هو رَاكِبٌ على وزن فَاعِل؛ نضيف ألفًا ونكسر الكاف. وكل صباح يوضّح أن الوصف هنا لعادته، لا لزمن تحدّده الصيغة وحدها.","هل أنت حَامِلٌ حقيبتك معك؟",[1216],{"id":1217,"blankNumber":11,"options":1218},"01a14143-621a-7d73-aeda-581059c11924",[1219,1222,1225],{"id":1220,"optionText":1221,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":965},"01a14143-621a-7c87-aeda-581058803256","رَاكَبٌ",{"id":1223,"optionText":1224,"isCorrect":1067,"displayOrder":11},"01a14143-621a-7ce3-aeda-5810590510ca","رَاكِبٌ",{"id":1226,"optionText":1227,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":16},"01a14143-621a-7d2b-aeda-581059340936","رَكِيبٌ",{"html":1229,"toc":1230},"\u003Ch2 id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>المعنى والاستعمال\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>حين تقول: «سَامِرٌ \u003Cstrong>كَاتِبٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>»، تصف سامرًا بكلمة مشتقّة من الفعل «كَتَبَ». هذه الكلمة هي \u003Cstrong>اسم الفاعل\u003C\u002Fstrong>. ستتعلّم تكوينه من الفعل الثلاثي وغير الثلاثي، مع أهمّ التغيّرات في الأفعال المعتلّة والمهموزة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>اسم الفاعل اسم مشتقّ يدلّ على مَن قام بالفعل أو اتّصف به. وقد يصف شخصًا أو شيئًا، ولا يدلّ وحده على زمن محدّد؛ فالسياق يوضّح المعنى.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>هٰذَا \u003Cstrong>كَاتِبٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong> مَشْهُورٌ. ← شخص يكتب، وقد تكون الكتابة مهنته.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>الطِّفْلُ \u003Cstrong>نَائِمٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong> الآنَ. ← وصف لحالته الآن.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>المَاءُ \u003Cstrong>جَارٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong> فِي القَنَاةِ. ← وصف للماء.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>من الثلاثي: وزن فَاعِل\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>الفعل الثلاثي هو ما كانت حروفه الأصليّة ثلاثة. نكوّن اسم الفاعل منه على وزن \u003Cstrong>فَاعِل\u003C\u002Fstrong>: نضيف ألفًا بعد الحرف الأوّل، ونكسر الحرف الثاني.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الفعل\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>اسم الفاعل\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>مثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>كَتَبَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>كَاتِبٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>كَاتِبٌ مَشْهُورٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>جَلَسَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>جَالِسٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>رَجُلٌ جَالِسٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>فَتَحَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>فَاتِحٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>فَاتِحُ البَابِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>سَمِعَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>سَامِعٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>سَامِعُ الصَّوْتِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>انتبه إلى أنّ حركة الحرف الثاني في الماضي لا تنتقل إلى اسم الفاعل: \u003Cstrong>سَمِعَ ← سَامِعٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>لا يكفي أن تضيف ألفًا إلى الرسم دائمًا؛ ففي بعض الأفعال تتغيّر الحروف أو تُدغم، كما في \u003Cstrong>قَالَ ← قَائِلٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>مَدَّ ← مَادٌّ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>تغيّرات مهمّة في الثلاثي\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>احفظ هذه الأنماط الشائعة مع أمثلتها:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>نوع الفعل\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>الفعل\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>اسم الفاعل\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>ما الذي تلاحظه؟\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أوّله واو\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>وَقَفَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>وَاقِفٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تبقى الواو\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>وسطه ألف منقلبة عن واو أو ياء\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَالَ، بَاعَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَائِلٌ، بَائِعٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تتحوّل الألف إلى همزة بعد ألف الوزن\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>آخره حرف علّة\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>دَعَا، رَمَى\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>الدَّاعِي، الرَّامِي\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>ينتهي الاسم بياء قبلها كسرة\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أوّله همزة\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>أَكَلَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>آكِلٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تُكتب الهمزة مع ألف الوزن مدّة: آ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>آخره همزة\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَرَأَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>قَارِئٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تُكتب الهمزة على نبرة بعد الكسرة\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>حرفاه الأخيران متماثلان\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مَدَّ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مَادٌّ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يُدغم الحرفان وتظهر الشدّة\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>الأسماء مثل \u003Cstrong>دَاعٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>رَامٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong> أسماء منقوصة؛ أي إنّ آخرها ياء لازمة قبلها كسرة. تُحذف الياء إذا كان الاسم نكرة غير مضاف في الرفع والجرّ، وتبقى في النصب، ومع «الـ»، وفي الإضافة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>هٰذَا \u003Cstrong>قَاضٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. ← نكرة مرفوعة، حُذفت الياء.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى \u003Cstrong>قَاضٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. ← نكرة مجرورة، حُذفت الياء.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>رَأَيْتُ \u003Cstrong>قَاضِيًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>. ← نكرة منصوبة، بقيت الياء.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>حَضَرَ \u003Cstrong>القَاضِي\u003C\u002Fstrong>. ← بقيت الياء مع «الـ».\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>حَضَرَ \u003Cstrong>قَاضِي المَدِينَةِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. ← بقيت الياء في الإضافة.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>من غير الثلاثي: ابدأ بالمضارع\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>لتكوين اسم الفاعل من غير الثلاثي:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>اكتب المضارع مع «هو».\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>استبدل حرف المضارعة بميم مضمومة: \u003Cstrong>مُـ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>اكسر الحرف الذي قبل الآخر.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الماضي\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>المضارع\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>اسم الفاعل\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>عَلَّمَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يُعَلِّمُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مُعَلِّمٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>سَاعَدَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يُسَاعِدُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مُسَاعِدٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَرْسَلَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يُرْسِلُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مُرْسِلٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>تَعَلَّمَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يَتَعَلَّمُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مُتَعَلِّمٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>شَارَكَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يُشَارِكُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مُشَارِكٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>اِنْتَظَرَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يَنْتَظِرُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مُنْتَظِرٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَخْدَمَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يَسْتَخْدِمُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مُسْتَخْدِمٌ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>تَدَرَّبَ ← يَتَدَرَّبُ ← مُتَدَرِّبٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>هٰذَا \u003Cstrong>مُتَدَرِّبٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong> جَدِيدٌ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>غيّرنا الياء إلى ميم مضمومة، وكسرنا الراء قبل الباء الأخيرة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>قد يغيّر حرف العلّة صورة الاسم: \u003Cstrong>أَقَامَ ← يُقِيمُ ← مُقِيمٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، و\u003Cstrong>اِشْتَرَى ← يَشْتَرِي ← مُشْتَرٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. وتنطبق على «مُشْتَرٍ» قاعدة الاسم المنقوص: \u003Cstrong>المُشْتَرِي، رَأَيْتُ مُشْتَرِيًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>التأنيث والمطابقة\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>اسم الفاعل اسم، فيقبل التأنيث والتثنية والجمع بحسب استعماله. لتأنيث الصيغ الشائعة هنا نضيف التاء المربوطة: \u003Cstrong>كَاتِبٌ ← كَاتِبَةٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، و\u003Cstrong>مُهَنْدِسٌ ← مُهَنْدِسَةٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الموصوف\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>المثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>مفرد مذكّر\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هٰذَا طَالِبٌ مُجْتَهِدٌ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>مفرد مؤنّث\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هٰذِهِ طَالِبَةٌ مُجْتَهِدَةٌ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>جمع مذكّر عاقل\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هٰؤُلَاءِ طُلَّابٌ مُجْتَهِدُونَ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>جمع مؤنّث عاقل\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هٰؤُلَاءِ طَالِبَاتٌ مُجْتَهِدَاتٌ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>جمع غير عاقل\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هٰذِهِ أَجْهِزَةٌ مُتَطَوِّرَةٌ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>مع جمع غير العاقل نستعمل الصفة مفردة مؤنّثة في النمط المعتاد، كما في «أَجْهِزَةٌ مُتَطَوِّرَةٌ».\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-6\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>انتبه إلى الحركة والمعنى\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>لا تخلط بين اسم الفاعل واسم المفعول في الصيغ التي تميّزها حركة واحدة:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>مُرْسِلٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>: الشخص الذي يُرسل.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>مُرْسَلٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>: الشخص أو الشيء الذي أُرسل.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>كلاهما صحيح، لكنّ المعنى مختلف: \u003Cstrong>هٰذَا مُرْسِلُ الرِّسَالَةِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، و\u003Cstrong>هٰذِهِ رِسَالَةٌ مُرْسَلَةٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>ولا تحذف همزة اسم الفاعل في \u003Cstrong>قَائِلٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>بَائِعٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، ولا تنسَ ضمّة الميم وكسرة ما قبل الآخر في \u003Cstrong>مُتَعَلِّمٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-7\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">7.\u003C\u002Fspan>خلاصة التكوين\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>من الثلاثي: ابدأ بوزن \u003Cstrong>فَاعِل\u003C\u002Fstrong>، مثل \u003Cstrong>كَتَبَ ← كَاتِبٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>راعِ تغيّرات الحروف، مثل \u003Cstrong>بَاعَ ← بَائِعٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>أَكَلَ ← آكِلٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>من غير الثلاثي: ابدأ بالمضارع، وضع ميمًا مضمومة بدل حرف المضارعة، واكسر ما قبل الآخر: \u003Cstrong>يُسَاعِدُ ← مُسَاعِدٌ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>راجع الياء في الاسم المنقوص: \u003Cstrong>قَاضٍ، القَاضِي، قَاضِيًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>طابق الاسم مع ما يصفه، ودع السياق يحدّد الزمن والمعنى.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n",[1231,1235,1239,1243,1247,1251,1255],{"id":1232,"text":1233,"depth":16,"number":1234},"section","المعنى والاستعمال","1",{"id":1236,"text":1237,"depth":16,"number":1238},"section-2","من الثلاثي: وزن فَاعِل","2",{"id":1240,"text":1241,"depth":16,"number":1242},"section-3","تغيّرات مهمّة في الثلاثي","3",{"id":1244,"text":1245,"depth":16,"number":1246},"section-4","من غير الثلاثي: ابدأ بالمضارع","4",{"id":1248,"text":1249,"depth":16,"number":1250},"section-5","التأنيث والمطابقة","5",{"id":1252,"text":1253,"depth":16,"number":1254},"section-6","انتبه إلى الحركة والمعنى","6",{"id":1256,"text":1257,"depth":16,"number":1258},"section-7","خلاصة التكوين","7"]