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الحجة","in-wa-idha-wa-law",163,{"id":827,"title":828,"slug":829,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":830},"01a14143-3dab-75b2-905c-5ae1f553a468","كلما وأيا كان ومهما يكن","kullama-wa-ayyan-kana",164,{"id":832,"title":833,"slug":834,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":835},"01a14143-3e28-7d8f-b568-b8ceeb0c8084","المصدر المؤول في مواقع نحوية متعددة","mawaqi-al-masdar-al-muawwal",165,{"id":837,"title":838,"slug":839,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":840},"01a14143-3ad9-718b-9545-a30ed0b9b8de","الاعتراض والاستدراك في الجملة الطويلة","al-itirad-wa-al-istidrak",166,{"id":842,"title":843,"slug":844,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":845},"01a14143-3ca9-7680-b00a-cde07f4af711","التقديم والتأخير وبؤرة المعلومة","bu-rat-al-maluma",167,{"id":847,"title":848,"slug":849,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":850},"01a14143-3a63-70e7-b9a1-ed1134701ab0","الحذف واستعادة المحذوف من السياق","al-hadhf-fi-as-siyaq",168,{"id":852,"title":853,"slug":854,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":855},"01a14143-3c78-7eaf-8db2-4baf4a227d81","التراكيب الاسمية في الأسلوب الأكاديمي","at-tarakib-al-ismiyya-al-akadimiyya",169,{"id":857,"title":858,"slug":859,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":860},"01a14143-3e40-77f1-bb7a-7755cbab1c42","نقل الأقوال والموقف من المصدر","naql-al-aqwal",170,{"id":862,"title":863,"slug":864,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":865},"01a14143-3c57-7c1f-8b9a-8756d4887bcd","التحفظ والاحتمال في الكتابة العلمية","at-tahaffuz-wa-al-ihtimal",171,{"id":867,"title":868,"slug":869,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":870},"01a14143-3c25-7a59-a627-b67c7910d72c","الصياغة الإدارية والقانونية المعاصرة","as-siyagha-al-idariyya",172,{"id":872,"title":873,"slug":874,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":875},"01a14143-3c44-7d7e-90e0-1fc38905a4b0","التعجب والمدح والذم","at-taajjub-wa-al-madh-wa-adh-dhamm",173,{"id":877,"title":878,"slug":879,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":881},"01a14143-3bad-7aee-9881-8597330b4ca7","العدول بين الخبر والإنشاء وأثره","al-udul-bayna-al-khabar-wa-al-insha","C2",174,{"id":883,"title":884,"slug":885,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":886},"01a14143-3ab4-7dd7-9c18-6cc240d60051","الالتفات وتحول الضمائر في النص الأدبي","al-iltifat",175,{"id":888,"title":889,"slug":890,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":891},"01a14143-3a15-7344-a201-e498d909a359","الفصل والوصل في بناء النص","al-fasl-wa-al-wasl",176,{"id":893,"title":894,"slug":895,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":896},"01a14143-3aa6-722a-abdf-92a2a36e1d46","الإيجاز والحذف وحدود استنتاج المعنى","al-ijaz-wa-al-hadhf",177,{"id":898,"title":899,"slug":900,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":901},"01a14143-3c71-7c34-bc16-593c334a1d7b","التقديم للاختصاص والحصر في النص الأدبي","at-taqdim-li-al-ikhtisas",178,{"id":903,"title":904,"slug":905,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":906},"01a14143-3abc-761f-b84c-ad57171015a8","الاشتغال في قراءة النصوص الفصيحة","al-ishtighal",179,{"id":908,"title":909,"slug":910,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":911},"01a14143-3c64-7f80-acfc-fd896eb807e1","التنازع وتحديد العامل","at-tanazu",180,{"id":913,"title":914,"slug":915,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":916},"01a14143-3aad-7870-aa38-609a1caf4bfe","الاختصاص والتحذير والإغراء","al-ikhtisas-wa-at-tahdhir",181,{"id":918,"title":919,"slug":920,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":921},"01a14143-3b28-779d-9ba1-03923e51543e","المفعول معه والتمييز من العطف","al-maful-maahu",182,{"id":923,"title":924,"slug":925,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":926},"01a14143-3e47-7385-8a7e-bc7d6f00153c","نون التوكيد ولام القسم في القراءة","nun-at-tawkid-wa-lam-al-qasam",183,{"id":928,"title":929,"slug":930,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":931},"01a14143-3d1b-7b6f-b9f8-e3ec9b8920af","إن المخففة واللام الفارقة في النصوص","in-al-mukhaffafa",184,{"id":933,"title":934,"slug":935,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":936},"01a14143-3db9-79a6-97b4-cb9a95ebdd33","لا ولات وإن المشبهة بليس في القراءة","la-wa-lata-wa-in",185,{"id":938,"title":939,"slug":940,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":941},"01a14143-3cd7-752b-85f3-7fdcd9881ff7","ضمير الشأن والقصة وتفسيره","damir-ash-shan",186,{"id":943,"title":944,"slug":945,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":946},"01a14143-3a5c-7452-9f79-57e7ae583138","الحذف في جملة الصلة وشروط فهمه","al-hadhf-fi-as-sila",187,{"id":948,"title":949,"slug":950,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":951},"01a14143-3e73-7cbd-9916-78149163b2df","تعدد التحليل النحوي وأثره في المعنى","taaddud-at-tahlil-an-nahwi",188,{"id":953,"title":954,"slug":955,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":956},"01a14143-3c7f-7adb-8468-77f42fa800a5","التراكيب التراثية في الاقتباس المعاصر","at-tarakib-at-turathiyya",189,{"id":440,"title":441,"slug":442,"seoDescription":958,"content":959,"language":9,"level":387,"displayOrder":443,"grammarTopics":960,"createdAt":966,"updatedAt":967,"vocabularyLists":968,"primaryTopicHub":1016,"readyImages":1018},"تعرّف وزن استفعل في الماضي والمضارع، ودلالته على الطلب والتحول، مع أمثلة واضحة تبيّن أثر السياق، والفرق بين المعنى الشائع للفعل وما يوحي به وزنه.","## المعنى قبل حفظ الصيغة\n\nيساعدك وزن **اِسْتَفْعَلَ** على فهم أفعال مثل **اِسْتَغْفَرَ** و**اِسْتَأْذَنَ**. وقد يدلّ على الطلب أو التحوّل، لكنّ الوزن وحده لا يكفي لمعرفة معنى كلّ فعل. ستتعلّم كيف تربط الصيغة بمعناها في السياق، وكيف تميّز الاستعمال اليومي من الاستعمال الأدبي.\n\n## كيف تتكوّن الصيغة؟\n\nفي الفعل الصحيح مثل **اِسْتَغْفَرَ**، نضيف الألف والسين والتاء قبل حروف الجذر: **غ ـ ف ـ ر**. وتكون الصيغة الأساسية كما يأتي:\n\n| الصيغة | الوزن | المثال |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| الماضي | اِسْتَفْعَلَ | اِسْتَغْفَرَ |\n| المضارع | يَسْتَفْعِلُ | يَسْتَغْفِرُ |\n| الأمر للمفرد المذكّر | اِسْتَفْعِلْ | اِسْتَغْفِرْ |\n\nلاحظ فتحة العين في **اِسْتَغْفَرَ**، وكسرتها في **يَسْتَغْفِرُ** و**اِسْتَغْفِرْ**. والألف في أوّل الماضي والأمر همزة وصل، فلا نكتبها «إ».\n\n:::note\nهذا جدول للصيغة الأساسية، وليس لجميع التغيّرات الصرفية. فالفعل **اِسْتَعَانَ** من الجذر **ع ـ و ـ ن** ينتمي إلى الوزن نفسه، مع تغيّر في حرف العلّة، ومضارعه **يَسْتَعِينُ**.\n:::\n\n## الطلب: ما الذي يطلبه الفاعل؟\n\nيدلّ الوزن في أفعال كثيرة على **طلب شيء مرتبط بمعنى الجذر**. وقد يكون الطلب بالكلام أو بالسعي إلى الشيء.\n\n| الفعل | معنى الطلب | مثال |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| اِسْتَغْفَرَ | طلب المغفرة | اِسْتَغْفَرَ الرَّجُلُ رَبَّهُ. |\n| اِسْتَأْذَنَ | طلب الإذن | اِسْتَأْذَنَ الطَّالِبُ مُعَلِّمَهُ فِي الْخُرُوجِ. |\n| اِسْتَفْسَرَ | طلب التوضيح أو المعلومات | اِسْتَفْسَرَتْ مَرْيَمُ عَنْ مَوْعِدِ الرِّحْلَةِ. |\n\n:::example\nأنت أمام باب مكتب، وتريد الدخول. تقول: **أَسْتَأْذِنُكَ فِي الدُّخُولِ.** أنت تطلب الإذن، ولا تخبر بأنّك حصلت عليه.\n\nلم تفهم شرطًا في إعلان، فتقول: **أَسْتَفْسِرُ عَنْ شُرُوطِ التَّسْجِيلِ.** أنت تطلب معلومات توضّح الشروط.\n:::\n\nاحفظ الفعل مع تركيبه: **اِسْتَأْذَنَ شخصًا في شيءٍ**، و**اِسْتَفْسَرَ عن شيءٍ**. اشتراك الأفعال في الوزن لا يعني أنّها تستعمل حروف الجرّ نفسها.\n\n## التحوّل: أن يصير الشيء على حال جديدة\n\nقد يدلّ **اِسْتَفْعَلَ** على التحوّل، أي أن يصير الشيء شيئًا آخر، أو أن يكتسب صفةً تشبه صفة شيء آخر. وهذا المعنى يظهر في أفعال محدّدة، ولا نصوغ به أيّ تحوّل نريده.\n\n- **اِسْتَحْجَرَ الطِّينُ**: صار حجرًا؛ وهو مثال يَرِد في المعاجم لبيان التحوّل الحقيقي.\n- **اِسْتَأْسَدَ الْجُنْدِيُّ فِي الْمَعْرَكَةِ**: صار كالأسد في الشجاعة والقوّة؛ وهو تحوّل مجازي في وصف أدبي، لا تحوّل حقيقي إلى حيوان.\n\n:::tip\nاسأل نفسك: هل يصلح تفسير الفعل بـ**طلب شيئًا**، أم بـ**صار شيئًا أو صار مثله**؟ يساعدك هذا السؤال، لكن عليك التأكّد من معنى الفعل المعروف وسياقه.\n:::\n\nفي الكلام اليومي، يمكنك التعبير عن تغيّر الحال بـ**صار** وصفة مناسبة، مثل: **صَارَ الطَّعَامُ بَارِدًا**. لا تحتاج إلى اختراع فعل على وزن استفعل.\n\n## حدود القاعدة وخلاصة الاستعمال\n\nليست جميع أفعال هذا الوزن للطلب أو التحوّل. من معانيه أيضًا اعتبار الشيء على صفة معيّنة:\n\n:::example\n**اِسْتَحْسَنَتْ لَيْلَى الْفِكْرَةَ.**\n\nأي رأتها حسنةً وأُعجبت بها. لا تعني الجملة أنّ ليلى طلبت تحسين الفكرة، ولا أنّ الفكرة تحوّلت إلى شيء آخر.\n:::\n\n:::warning\nلا تفسّر كلّ فعل يبدأ بـ«استـ» بمعنى الطلب. فقولك **اِسْتَقْبَلَتْ سَارَةُ ضُيُوفَهَا** يعني أنّها رحّبت بهم عند وصولهم، لا أنّها طلبت منهم الإقبال.\n:::\n\nلفهم فعل من هذا الوزن:\n\n1. حدّد جذره وصيغته، مع الانتباه إلى تغيّر حروف العلّة.\n2. اقرأ الجملة كاملة، وجرّب معنى الطلب أو التحوّل إن كان مناسبًا.\n3. تأكّد من المعنى المعجمي، واحفظ الفعل مع حرف الجرّ الذي يحتاج إليه.\n\nتذكّر: **اِسْتَأْذَنَ = طلب الإذن**، و**اِسْتَحْجَرَ = صار حجرًا**، لكنّ **اِسْتَحْسَنَ = رأى الشيء حسنًا**. الوزن يساعد على الفهم، ولا يغني عن 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المطلوب.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_72f93e41-026c-4665-8a38-dcd3ec5a58b5_hero.webp?v=1792096297",{"@id":1127,"@type":1114,"id":1109,"grammarPage":1115,"title":1110,"instructions":1128,"displayOrder":21,"type":1043,"questionCount":26,"blankCount":965,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1129},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-6348-7240-bf5d-8cf66cd3f703","اضغط على كل بطاقة، ثم على العمود المناسب لمعناها أو تركيبها وفق تعليمة اللوحة.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_5c3771bb-c066-4d0c-b43a-a9c8348eb14a_hero.webp?v=1792096297",{"id":1100,"grammarPage":1115,"title":1101,"instructions":1116,"seoTitle":1131,"seoDescription":1132,"displayOrder":965,"type":1036,"questions":1133,"ogImageUrl":1117},"وزن استفعل: تمارين الصيغ والمعنى والتركيب","تدرّب على صيغ وزن استفعل ومعاني الطلب والتحول والاعتبار في سياقات واضحة، وميّز حركات الماضي والمضارع والأمر وهمزة الوصل وحروف الجر مع أمثلة يومية.",[1134],{"id":1135,"sentenceTemplate":1136,"displayOrder":965,"explanation":1137,"exampleSentence":1138,"blanks":1139},"01a14143-6315-7bc6-8a9f-c8d26acfa60a","أمس __1__ المسافر عن مكان استلام الحقائب.","أمس يحدّد الماضي؛ ماضي استفعل الصحيح مفتوح عين الوزن، فنقول اِسْتَفْسَرَ بفتح السين الثانية. يبدأ الماضي بهمزة وصل، فلا نكتب همزة تحت الألف.","اِسْتَفْسَرَتِ الزائرة عن سعر التذكرة.",[1140],{"id":1141,"blankNumber":11,"options":1142},"01a14143-6315-7b7a-8a9f-c8d26a362d96",[1143,1146,1149],{"id":1144,"optionText":1145,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":965},"01a14143-6315-7ae6-8a9f-c8d269196729","اِسْتَفْسِرَ",{"id":1147,"optionText":1148,"isCorrect":1015,"displayOrder":11},"01a14143-6315-7b26-8a9f-c8d269844955","اِسْتَفْسَرَ",{"id":1150,"optionText":1151,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":16},"01a14143-6315-7b52-8a9f-c8d26998b1c2","إِسْتَفْسَرَ",{"html":1153,"toc":1154},"\u003Ch2 id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>المعنى قبل حفظ الصيغة\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>يساعدك وزن \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَفْعَلَ\u003C\u002Fstrong> على فهم أفعال مثل \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَغْفَرَ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>اِسْتَأْذَنَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. وقد يدلّ على الطلب أو التحوّل، لكنّ الوزن وحده لا يكفي لمعرفة معنى كلّ فعل. ستتعلّم كيف تربط الصيغة بمعناها في السياق، وكيف تميّز الاستعمال اليومي من الاستعمال الأدبي.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>كيف تتكوّن الصيغة؟\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>في الفعل الصحيح مثل \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَغْفَرَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، نضيف الألف والسين والتاء قبل حروف الجذر: \u003Cstrong>غ ـ ف ـ ر\u003C\u002Fstrong>. وتكون الصيغة الأساسية كما يأتي:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الصيغة\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>الوزن\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>المثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>الماضي\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَفْعَلَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَغْفَرَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>المضارع\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يَسْتَفْعِلُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يَسْتَغْفِرُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>الأمر للمفرد المذكّر\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَفْعِلْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَغْفِرْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>لاحظ فتحة العين في \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَغْفَرَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، وكسرتها في \u003Cstrong>يَسْتَغْفِرُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>اِسْتَغْفِرْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. والألف في أوّل الماضي والأمر همزة وصل، فلا نكتبها «إ».\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>هذا جدول للصيغة الأساسية، وليس لجميع التغيّرات الصرفية. فالفعل \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَعَانَ\u003C\u002Fstrong> من الجذر \u003Cstrong>ع ـ و ـ ن\u003C\u002Fstrong> ينتمي إلى الوزن نفسه، مع تغيّر في حرف العلّة، ومضارعه \u003Cstrong>يَسْتَعِينُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>الطلب: ما الذي يطلبه الفاعل؟\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>يدلّ الوزن في أفعال كثيرة على \u003Cstrong>طلب شيء مرتبط بمعنى الجذر\u003C\u002Fstrong>. وقد يكون الطلب بالكلام أو بالسعي إلى الشيء.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الفعل\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>معنى الطلب\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>مثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَغْفَرَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>طلب المغفرة\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَغْفَرَ الرَّجُلُ رَبَّهُ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَأْذَنَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>طلب الإذن\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَأْذَنَ الطَّالِبُ مُعَلِّمَهُ فِي الْخُرُوجِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَفْسَرَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>طلب التوضيح أو المعلومات\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>اِسْتَفْسَرَتْ مَرْيَمُ عَنْ مَوْعِدِ الرِّحْلَةِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>أنت أمام باب مكتب، وتريد الدخول. تقول: \u003Cstrong>أَسْتَأْذِنُكَ فِي الدُّخُولِ.\u003C\u002Fstrong> أنت تطلب الإذن، ولا تخبر بأنّك حصلت عليه.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>لم تفهم شرطًا في إعلان، فتقول: \u003Cstrong>أَسْتَفْسِرُ عَنْ شُرُوطِ التَّسْجِيلِ.\u003C\u002Fstrong> أنت تطلب معلومات توضّح الشروط.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>احفظ الفعل مع تركيبه: \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَأْذَنَ شخصًا في شيءٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، و\u003Cstrong>اِسْتَفْسَرَ عن شيءٍ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. اشتراك الأفعال في الوزن لا يعني أنّها تستعمل حروف الجرّ نفسها.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>التحوّل: أن يصير الشيء على حال جديدة\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>قد يدلّ \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَفْعَلَ\u003C\u002Fstrong> على التحوّل، أي أن يصير الشيء شيئًا آخر، أو أن يكتسب صفةً تشبه صفة شيء آخر. وهذا المعنى يظهر في أفعال محدّدة، ولا نصوغ به أيّ تحوّل نريده.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>اِسْتَحْجَرَ الطِّينُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>: صار حجرًا؛ وهو مثال يَرِد في المعاجم لبيان التحوّل الحقيقي.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>اِسْتَأْسَدَ الْجُنْدِيُّ فِي الْمَعْرَكَةِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>: صار كالأسد في الشجاعة والقوّة؛ وهو تحوّل مجازي في وصف أدبي، لا تحوّل حقيقي إلى حيوان.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--tip\">\u003Cp>اسأل نفسك: هل يصلح تفسير الفعل بـ\u003Cstrong>طلب شيئًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>، أم بـ\u003Cstrong>صار شيئًا أو صار مثله\u003C\u002Fstrong>؟ يساعدك هذا السؤال، لكن عليك التأكّد من معنى الفعل المعروف وسياقه.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>في الكلام اليومي، يمكنك التعبير عن تغيّر الحال بـ\u003Cstrong>صار\u003C\u002Fstrong> وصفة مناسبة، مثل: \u003Cstrong>صَارَ الطَّعَامُ بَارِدًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>. لا تحتاج إلى اختراع فعل على وزن استفعل.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>حدود القاعدة وخلاصة الاستعمال\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>ليست جميع أفعال هذا الوزن للطلب أو التحوّل. من معانيه أيضًا اعتبار الشيء على صفة معيّنة:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>اِسْتَحْسَنَتْ لَيْلَى الْفِكْرَةَ.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>أي رأتها حسنةً وأُعجبت بها. لا تعني الجملة أنّ ليلى طلبت تحسين الفكرة، ولا أنّ الفكرة تحوّلت إلى شيء آخر.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>لا تفسّر كلّ فعل يبدأ بـ«استـ» بمعنى الطلب. فقولك \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَقْبَلَتْ سَارَةُ ضُيُوفَهَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> يعني أنّها رحّبت بهم عند وصولهم، لا أنّها طلبت منهم الإقبال.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>لفهم فعل من هذا الوزن:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>حدّد جذره وصيغته، مع الانتباه إلى تغيّر حروف العلّة.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>اقرأ الجملة كاملة، وجرّب معنى الطلب أو التحوّل إن كان مناسبًا.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>تأكّد من المعنى المعجمي، واحفظ الفعل مع حرف الجرّ الذي يحتاج إليه.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Cp>تذكّر: \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَأْذَنَ = طلب الإذن\u003C\u002Fstrong>، و\u003Cstrong>اِسْتَحْجَرَ = صار حجرًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>، لكنّ \u003Cstrong>اِسْتَحْسَنَ = رأى الشيء حسنًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>. الوزن يساعد على الفهم، ولا يغني عن معرفة استعمال الفعل.\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[1155,1159,1163,1167,1171],{"id":1156,"text":1157,"depth":16,"number":1158},"section","المعنى قبل حفظ الصيغة","1",{"id":1160,"text":1161,"depth":16,"number":1162},"section-2","كيف تتكوّن الصيغة؟","2",{"id":1164,"text":1165,"depth":16,"number":1166},"section-3","الطلب: ما الذي يطلبه الفاعل؟","3",{"id":1168,"text":1169,"depth":16,"number":1170},"section-4","التحوّل: أن يصير الشيء على حال جديدة","4",{"id":1172,"text":1173,"depth":16,"number":1174},"section-5","حدود القاعدة وخلاصة الاستعمال","5"]