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الحجة","in-wa-idha-wa-law",163,{"id":827,"title":828,"slug":829,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":830},"01a14143-3dab-75b2-905c-5ae1f553a468","كلما وأيا كان ومهما يكن","kullama-wa-ayyan-kana",164,{"id":832,"title":833,"slug":834,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":835},"01a14143-3e28-7d8f-b568-b8ceeb0c8084","المصدر المؤول في مواقع نحوية متعددة","mawaqi-al-masdar-al-muawwal",165,{"id":837,"title":838,"slug":839,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":840},"01a14143-3ad9-718b-9545-a30ed0b9b8de","الاعتراض والاستدراك في الجملة الطويلة","al-itirad-wa-al-istidrak",166,{"id":842,"title":843,"slug":844,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":845},"01a14143-3ca9-7680-b00a-cde07f4af711","التقديم والتأخير وبؤرة المعلومة","bu-rat-al-maluma",167,{"id":847,"title":848,"slug":849,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":850},"01a14143-3a63-70e7-b9a1-ed1134701ab0","الحذف واستعادة المحذوف من السياق","al-hadhf-fi-as-siyaq",168,{"id":852,"title":853,"slug":854,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":855},"01a14143-3c78-7eaf-8db2-4baf4a227d81","التراكيب الاسمية في الأسلوب الأكاديمي","at-tarakib-al-ismiyya-al-akadimiyya",169,{"id":857,"title":858,"slug":859,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":860},"01a14143-3e40-77f1-bb7a-7755cbab1c42","نقل الأقوال والموقف من المصدر","naql-al-aqwal",170,{"id":862,"title":863,"slug":864,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":865},"01a14143-3c57-7c1f-8b9a-8756d4887bcd","التحفظ والاحتمال في الكتابة العلمية","at-tahaffuz-wa-al-ihtimal",171,{"id":867,"title":868,"slug":869,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":870},"01a14143-3c25-7a59-a627-b67c7910d72c","الصياغة الإدارية والقانونية المعاصرة","as-siyagha-al-idariyya",172,{"id":872,"title":873,"slug":874,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":875},"01a14143-3c44-7d7e-90e0-1fc38905a4b0","التعجب والمدح والذم","at-taajjub-wa-al-madh-wa-adh-dhamm",173,{"id":877,"title":878,"slug":879,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":881},"01a14143-3bad-7aee-9881-8597330b4ca7","العدول بين الخبر والإنشاء وأثره","al-udul-bayna-al-khabar-wa-al-insha","C2",174,{"id":883,"title":884,"slug":885,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":886},"01a14143-3ab4-7dd7-9c18-6cc240d60051","الالتفات وتحول الضمائر في النص الأدبي","al-iltifat",175,{"id":888,"title":889,"slug":890,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":891},"01a14143-3a15-7344-a201-e498d909a359","الفصل والوصل في بناء النص","al-fasl-wa-al-wasl",176,{"id":893,"title":894,"slug":895,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":896},"01a14143-3aa6-722a-abdf-92a2a36e1d46","الإيجاز والحذف وحدود استنتاج المعنى","al-ijaz-wa-al-hadhf",177,{"id":898,"title":899,"slug":900,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":901},"01a14143-3c71-7c34-bc16-593c334a1d7b","التقديم للاختصاص والحصر في النص الأدبي","at-taqdim-li-al-ikhtisas",178,{"id":903,"title":904,"slug":905,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":906},"01a14143-3abc-761f-b84c-ad57171015a8","الاشتغال في قراءة النصوص الفصيحة","al-ishtighal",179,{"id":908,"title":909,"slug":910,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":911},"01a14143-3c64-7f80-acfc-fd896eb807e1","التنازع وتحديد العامل","at-tanazu",180,{"id":913,"title":914,"slug":915,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":916},"01a14143-3aad-7870-aa38-609a1caf4bfe","الاختصاص والتحذير والإغراء","al-ikhtisas-wa-at-tahdhir",181,{"id":918,"title":919,"slug":920,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":921},"01a14143-3b28-779d-9ba1-03923e51543e","المفعول معه والتمييز من العطف","al-maful-maahu",182,{"id":923,"title":924,"slug":925,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":926},"01a14143-3e47-7385-8a7e-bc7d6f00153c","نون التوكيد ولام القسم في القراءة","nun-at-tawkid-wa-lam-al-qasam",183,{"id":928,"title":929,"slug":930,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":931},"01a14143-3d1b-7b6f-b9f8-e3ec9b8920af","إن المخففة واللام الفارقة في النصوص","in-al-mukhaffafa",184,{"id":933,"title":934,"slug":935,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":936},"01a14143-3db9-79a6-97b4-cb9a95ebdd33","لا ولات وإن المشبهة بليس في القراءة","la-wa-lata-wa-in",185,{"id":938,"title":939,"slug":940,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":941},"01a14143-3cd7-752b-85f3-7fdcd9881ff7","ضمير الشأن والقصة وتفسيره","damir-ash-shan",186,{"id":943,"title":944,"slug":945,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":946},"01a14143-3a5c-7452-9f79-57e7ae583138","الحذف في جملة الصلة وشروط فهمه","al-hadhf-fi-as-sila",187,{"id":948,"title":949,"slug":950,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":951},"01a14143-3e73-7cbd-9916-78149163b2df","تعدد التحليل النحوي وأثره في المعنى","taaddud-at-tahlil-an-nahwi",188,{"id":953,"title":954,"slug":955,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":956},"01a14143-3c7f-7adb-8468-77f42fa800a5","التراكيب التراثية في الاقتباس المعاصر","at-tarakib-at-turathiyya",189,{"id":284,"title":285,"slug":286,"seoDescription":958,"content":959,"language":9,"level":201,"displayOrder":287,"grammarTopics":960,"createdAt":966,"updatedAt":967,"vocabularyLists":968,"primaryTopicHub":969,"readyImages":971},"تعلّم استعمال لم لنفي حدث في الماضي، وبناء الجملة مع المضارع المجزوم، وتغيير نهاية الفعل مع الضمائر، مع أمثلة يومية وتصحيح أخطاء شائعة في النفي.","## ١. نفي حدث في الماضي\n\nتستعمل **لَمْ** لتقول إنَّ حدثًا لم يقع في الماضي. يأتي بعدها فعل مضارع، لكنَّ المعنى يتعلَّق بالماضي. ستتعلَّم بناء هذه الجملة وتغيير نهاية الفعل مع ضمائر شائعة.\n\n:::example\n— هَلْ أَكَلْتَ؟\n— لَا، لَمْ آكُلْ بَعْدُ.\n:::\n\n:::example\n- ذَهَبْتُ إِلَى السُّوقِ أَمْسِ. ← **لَمْ أَذْهَبْ** إِلَى السُّوقِ أَمْسِ.\n- وَصَلَ الْقِطَارُ صَبَاحًا. ← **لَمْ يَصِلِ** الْقِطَارُ صَبَاحًا.\n:::\n\nيمكن أن تحدِّد وقت الحدث بكلمات مثل **أَمْسِ** و**صَبَاحًا**، أو يُفهَم الوقت من الكلام السابق.\n\n## ٢. بناء الجملة بعد لَمْ\n\nالبناء الأساسي هو: **لَمْ + فعل مضارع مجزوم**. الجزم تغيير في نهاية المضارع بعد أدوات مثل **لَمْ**.\n\nإذا كان الفعل صحيح الآخر، أي إنَّ آخره ليس حرف علَّة، ولا تتَّصل به نهاية مثل **ـونَ**، نضع عادةً سكونًا على آخره:\n\n| المضارع قبل لَمْ | بعد لَمْ | مثال |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| أَكْتُبُ | لَمْ أَكْتُبْ | لَمْ أَكْتُبْ رِسَالَةً أَمْسِ. |\n| تَفْتَحُ | لَمْ تَفْتَحْ | لَمْ تَفْتَحْ مَرْيَمُ النَّافِذَةَ. |\n| يَذْهَبُ | لَمْ يَذْهَبْ | لَمْ يَذْهَبْ خَالِدٌ إِلَى الْعَمَلِ أَمْسِ. |\n| نَلْعَبُ | لَمْ نَلْعَبْ | لَمْ نَلْعَبْ فِي الْحَدِيقَةِ أَمْسِ. |\n\n:::note\nعند وصل فعلٍ آخرُه ساكن باسم يبدأ بـ**الـ**، نحرِّك آخر الفعل بالكسرة لتجنُّب التقاء ساكنين: **لَمْ يَذْهَبِ الْوَلَدُ**. وعند الوقوف على الفعل وحده نقول: **لَمْ يَذْهَبْ**.\n:::\n\n:::tip\nلا تضع **لَمْ** قبل الفعل الماضي. ابدأ بالمضارع المناسب للشخص، ثم غيِّر نهايته: **كَتَبْتُ ← أَكْتُبُ ← لَمْ أَكْتُبْ**.\n:::\n\n## ٣. نهايات شائعة مع الضمائر\n\nتبقى **لَمْ** كما هي مع جميع الضمائر، ويتغيَّر الفعل بحسب الشخص. هذه بعض الصيغ الشائعة:\n\n| الضمير | المضارع | النفي بلَمْ |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| أَنَا | أَكْتُبُ | أَنَا لَمْ أَكْتُبْ |\n| أَنْتِ | تَكْتُبِينَ | أَنْتِ لَمْ تَكْتُبِي |\n| أَنْتُمْ | تَكْتُبُونَ | أَنْتُمْ لَمْ تَكْتُبُوا |\n| هُوَ | يَكْتُبُ | هُوَ لَمْ يَكْتُبْ |\n| هِيَ | تَكْتُبُ | هِيَ لَمْ تَكْتُبْ |\n| هُمْ | يَكْتُبُونَ | هُمْ لَمْ يَكْتُبُوا |\n\nفي الصيغ **تَكْتُبِينَ، تَكْتُبُونَ، يَكْتُبُونَ**، نحذف النون بعد **لَمْ**. ونكتب ألفًا بعد واو الجماعة في **تَكْتُبُوا** و**يَكْتُبُوا**، ولا ننطق هذه الألف.\n\n:::example\n- أَنْتِ **لَمْ تَكْتُبِي** اسْمَكِ.\n- أَنْتُمْ **لَمْ تَكْتُبُوا** أَسْمَاءَكُمْ.\n- هُمْ **لَمْ يَكْتُبُوا** أَسْمَاءَهُمْ.\n:::\n\n## ٤. صيغ لا يكفي فيها السكون\n\nليست كل الأفعال مثل **يَكْتُبُ**. احفظ هذه الصيغ اليومية الآن:\n\n| المضارع | بعد لَمْ | ما تغيَّر؟ |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| يَنْتَهِي | لَمْ يَنْتَهِ | حُذِفَتِ الياءُ الأخيرةُ. |\n| يَكُونُ | لَمْ يَكُنْ | حُذِفَتِ الواوُ، وسُكِّنَت النون. |\n\n:::example\n- **لَمْ يَنْتَهِ** الدَّرْسُ.\n- **لَمْ يَكُنْ** أَحْمَدُ فِي الْبَيْتِ أَمْسِ.\n:::\n\n:::note\nفي **لَمْ يَنْتَهِ** تبقى الكسرة تحت الهاء في الكتابة؛ لا نضع سكونًا مكانها. ستتعلَّم تفاصيل تصريف هذه الأفعال لاحقًا.\n:::\n\n## ٥. تصحيح سريع وخلاصة\n\n:::warning\n- ✗ لَمْ ذَهَبْتُ أَمْسِ. ← ✓ **لَمْ أَذْهَبْ أَمْسِ.** نستخدم المضارع بعد لَمْ، لا الماضي.\n- ✗ هُمْ لَمْ يَكْتُبُونَ. ← ✓ **هُمْ لَمْ يَكْتُبُوا.** نحذف النون في هذه الصيغة.\n:::\n\nعند نفي حدث في الماضي:\n\n1. اختر المضارع المناسب للشخص.\n2. ضع **لَمْ** قبله.\n3. راجع النهاية: **لَمْ أَكْتُبْ**، أو **لَمْ تَكْتُبِي**، أو **لَمْ يَكْتُبُوا**.\n4. انتبه إلى الصيغ الخاصة التي تعلَّمتها: **لَمْ يَنْتَهِ** و**لَمْ يَكُنْ**.\n\nتذكَّر: الفعل بعد **لَمْ** مضارع في صيغته، لكنَّ النفي هنا يتعلَّق **بالماضي**.",[961],{"id":962,"name":963,"level":201,"language":9,"isCompleted":964,"completionPercentage":965,"totalExercises":86,"completedExercises":965},"01a14143-390f-7aa3-8d2e-6d765a590b18","نفي الأحداث وطلب تركها",false,0,"2026-10-15T20:31:28+00:00","2026-10-16T06:40:27+00:00",[],{"name":963,"slug":970,"language":9},"nafy-al-ahdath-wa-talab-tarkiha-a2",[],{"id":962,"name":963,"slug":970,"language":9,"level":201,"introduction":973,"lessonCount":21,"totalExercises":86,"objectives":974,"prerequisites":978,"lessons":980},"تتعلّم نفي حدث في الماضي باستعمال لم، ثم تقارنه بنفي حدث قادم باستعمال لن، مع ملاحظة تغيّر نهاية المضارع في كل تركيب. بعد ذلك تميّز الإخبار بأن فعلًا لا يحدث من طلب تركه، وتختار صيغ الأمر والنهي بحسب المخاطب، مع الانتباه إلى النون التي تُحذف ونون النسوة التي تبقى.",[975,976,977],"اختيار لم أو لن بحسب زمن الحدث المنفي وضبط المضارع بعدهما.","التمييز بين النفي والنهي من المعنى وصيغة الفعل.","صياغة الأمر والنهي للمفرد والمثنّى والجمع مع مراعاة نوع النون.",[979],"معرفة صيغ المضارع مع الضمائر، والماضي والمستقبل البسيط، والنفي بلا.",[981,1006,1025],{"id":284,"contentId":982,"slug":286,"title":285,"level":201,"summary":983,"order":11,"exercises":984},"pg_b820352b-1dd8-4fe9-9bc8-b26a5e2c9642","يؤسّس نفي الماضي بلم والمضارع المجزوم، مع السكون وحذف النون وصيغتي لم ينته ولم يكن.",[985,989,992,996,999,1003],{"id":986,"title":987,"order":965,"type":988},"01a14143-66a0-7c3f-8bce-82959ea0b651","لم مع الأفعال الصحيحة في الحياة اليومية","word_select",{"id":990,"title":991,"order":11,"type":988},"01a14143-66b3-7e6c-8514-97ff31a6f6fe","حذف النون والصيغ الخاصة بعد لم",{"id":993,"title":994,"order":16,"type":995},"01a14143-66c7-754b-96b1-2ad9af7348e0","بناء جمل الماضي المنفي مع الأفعال الصحيحة","sentence_builder",{"id":997,"title":998,"order":21,"type":995},"01a14143-66d6-7f58-8d3d-e044c1b400fd","بناء الجمل بحذف النون وينتهِ ويكنْ",{"id":1000,"title":1001,"order":26,"type":1002},"01a14143-66e7-734b-a6b0-4aca98c1156d","لم: صيغة الفعل والشخص والنهايات","word_sort",{"id":1004,"title":1005,"order":31,"type":1002},"01a14143-66f0-7ee8-bb0b-55ffa06eb822","لم: حذف النون وألف الجماعة والصيغ الخاصة",{"id":289,"contentId":1007,"slug":291,"title":290,"level":201,"summary":1008,"order":16,"exercises":1009},"pg_eaeb58e1-019a-44f0-8508-fd15f5676646","يقابل نفي الماضي بنفي المستقبل بلن، ويشرح النصب وحذف النون وبقاء نون النسوة وحروف العلة في الصيغ المدروسة.",[1010,1013,1016,1019,1022],{"id":1011,"title":1012,"order":965,"type":988},"01a14143-674b-79fe-ba5e-c423bb7be005","لن: قرارات وخطط ووعود",{"id":1014,"title":1015,"order":11,"type":988},"01a14143-6761-7c6a-9cc0-cf619907120c","أواخر الأفعال بعد لن",{"id":1017,"title":1018,"order":16,"type":995},"01a14143-6778-7bc1-af14-2a10b2a6d878","بناء الجملة المنفية بلن",{"id":1020,"title":1021,"order":21,"type":1002},"01a14143-678b-725e-9e34-66d326ca9d5a","لن: تصنيف صيغ الأفعال",{"id":1023,"title":1024,"order":26,"type":1002},"01a14143-6790-7ebf-a6a2-c06120e71368","لن: المستقبل 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الفعل",[1045,1051,1055,1059,1063,1067],{"@id":1046,"@type":1047,"id":986,"grammarPage":1048,"title":987,"instructions":1049,"displayOrder":965,"type":988,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":66,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1050},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-66a0-7c3f-8bce-82959ea0b651","GrammarExercise","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a14143-3dc7-7f0e-a0a9-522296c8b5e0","اختر الصيغة الصحيحة لإكمال كل جملة. انتبه إلى الشخص ونهاية الفعل بعد لم.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_cbd6a442-0181-4540-acfa-b67ca78db68b_hero.webp?v=1792096298",{"@id":1052,"@type":1047,"id":990,"grammarPage":1048,"title":991,"instructions":1053,"displayOrder":11,"type":988,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":71,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1054},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-66b3-7e6c-8514-97ff31a6f6fe","أكمل الجمل بالصيغ الصحيحة بعد لم. انتبه إلى حذف النون وألف واو الجماعة وصيغتي ينتهِ ويكنْ.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_8cb35694-f272-4a69-983a-e40f5ea6988e_hero.webp?v=1792096298",{"@id":1056,"@type":1047,"id":993,"grammarPage":1048,"title":994,"instructions":1057,"displayOrder":16,"type":995,"questionCount":56,"blankCount":56,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1058},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-66c7-754b-96b1-2ad9af7348e0","رتّب الكلمات لتكوين جملة صحيحة. توجد كلمة زائدة في كل سؤال؛ انتبه إلى موقع لم ونهاية الفعل والترقيم.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_c1efeba8-b551-4ef4-bd3d-60efe2b9cdef_hero.webp?v=1792096298",{"@id":1060,"@type":1047,"id":997,"grammarPage":1048,"title":998,"instructions":1061,"displayOrder":21,"type":995,"questionCount":56,"blankCount":56,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1062},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-66d6-7f58-8d3d-e044c1b400fd","رتّب الكلمات لتكوين جملة صحيحة. توجد كلمة زائدة في كل سؤال؛ انتبه إلى حذف النون وألف واو الجماعة وصيغتي ينتهِ ويكنْ.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_4c91e432-87e2-482d-a8a7-f1346a27f949_hero.webp?v=1792096298",{"@id":1064,"@type":1047,"id":1000,"grammarPage":1048,"title":1001,"instructions":1065,"displayOrder":26,"type":1002,"questionCount":31,"blankCount":965,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1066},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-66e7-734b-a6b0-4aca98c1156d","اضغط على البطاقة، ثم على العمود المناسب. صنّف جميع البطاقات حسب المطلوب في كل لوحة.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_a3430064-662d-488a-9813-23790aea3e03_hero.webp?v=1792096298",{"@id":1068,"@type":1047,"id":1004,"grammarPage":1048,"title":1005,"instructions":1069,"displayOrder":31,"type":1002,"questionCount":31,"blankCount":965,"isCompleted":964,"ogImageUrl":1070},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a14143-66f0-7ee8-bb0b-55ffa06eb822","اضغط على كل بطاقة، ثم اختر عمودها. راجع نهاية الفعل والضمير المكتوب قبل التصنيف.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_f4a3b898-fcbf-45f9-a4cc-79beb9a670ed_hero.webp?v=1792096298",{"id":986,"grammarPage":1048,"title":987,"instructions":1049,"seoTitle":1072,"seoDescription":1073,"displayOrder":965,"type":988,"questions":1074,"ogImageUrl":1050},"لم لنفي الماضي: اختيار الفعل الصحيح","تدرّب على لم لنفي الماضي باختيار صيغة المضارع المجزوم في جمل عن البيت والعمل والطعام والسفر، مع الانتباه إلى الضمير والسكون وضبط نهاية الفعل عند الوصل.",[1075],{"id":1076,"sentenceTemplate":1077,"displayOrder":965,"explanation":1078,"exampleSentence":1079,"blanks":1080},"01a14143-66a0-7e7b-8bce-8295a20c9402","أنا لم __1__ حقيبتي قبل السفر أمس.","الضمير أنا يحتاج إلى أفتح، وبعد لم نجزم الفعل بالسكون. فتحتُ ماضٍ، وأفتحُ مضارع مرفوع.","لم أفتحْ رسالة صديقي حتى المساء.",[1081],{"id":1082,"blankNumber":11,"options":1083},"01a14143-66a0-7e2b-8bce-8295a1abb396",[1084,1087,1091],{"id":1085,"optionText":1086,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":965},"01a14143-66a0-7d87-8bce-82959f8328ae","فَتَحْتُ",{"id":1088,"optionText":1089,"isCorrect":1090,"displayOrder":11},"01a14143-66a0-7dc7-8bce-82959ff24226","أَفْتَحْ",true,{"id":1092,"optionText":1093,"isCorrect":964,"displayOrder":16},"01a14143-66a0-7df3-8bce-8295a0dca2c7","أَفْتَحُ",{"html":1095,"toc":1096},"\u003Ch2 id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>١. نفي حدث في الماضي\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>تستعمل \u003Cstrong>لَمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> لتقول إنَّ حدثًا لم يقع في الماضي. يأتي بعدها فعل مضارع، لكنَّ المعنى يتعلَّق بالماضي. ستتعلَّم بناء هذه الجملة وتغيير نهاية الفعل مع ضمائر شائعة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>— هَلْ أَكَلْتَ؟\u003Cbr>— لَا، لَمْ آكُلْ بَعْدُ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>ذَهَبْتُ إِلَى السُّوقِ أَمْسِ. ← \u003Cstrong>لَمْ أَذْهَبْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> إِلَى السُّوقِ أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>وَصَلَ الْقِطَارُ صَبَاحًا. ← \u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَصِلِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> الْقِطَارُ صَبَاحًا.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>يمكن أن تحدِّد وقت الحدث بكلمات مثل \u003Cstrong>أَمْسِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>صَبَاحًا\u003C\u002Fstrong>، أو يُفهَم الوقت من الكلام السابق.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>٢. بناء الجملة بعد لَمْ\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>البناء الأساسي هو: \u003Cstrong>لَمْ + فعل مضارع مجزوم\u003C\u002Fstrong>. الجزم تغيير في نهاية المضارع بعد أدوات مثل \u003Cstrong>لَمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>إذا كان الفعل صحيح الآخر، أي إنَّ آخره ليس حرف علَّة، ولا تتَّصل به نهاية مثل \u003Cstrong>ـونَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، نضع عادةً سكونًا على آخره:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>المضارع قبل لَمْ\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>بعد لَمْ\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>مثال\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَكْتُبُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ أَكْتُبْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ أَكْتُبْ رِسَالَةً أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>تَفْتَحُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ تَفْتَحْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ تَفْتَحْ مَرْيَمُ النَّافِذَةَ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>يَذْهَبُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ يَذْهَبْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ يَذْهَبْ خَالِدٌ إِلَى الْعَمَلِ أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>نَلْعَبُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ نَلْعَبْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ نَلْعَبْ فِي الْحَدِيقَةِ أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>عند وصل فعلٍ آخرُه ساكن باسم يبدأ بـ\u003Cstrong>الـ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، نحرِّك آخر الفعل بالكسرة لتجنُّب التقاء ساكنين: \u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَذْهَبِ الْوَلَدُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. وعند الوقوف على الفعل وحده نقول: \u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَذْهَبْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--tip\">\u003Cp>لا تضع \u003Cstrong>لَمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> قبل الفعل الماضي. ابدأ بالمضارع المناسب للشخص، ثم غيِّر نهايته: \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُ ← أَكْتُبُ ← لَمْ أَكْتُبْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>٣. نهايات شائعة مع الضمائر\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>تبقى \u003Cstrong>لَمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> كما هي مع جميع الضمائر، ويتغيَّر الفعل بحسب الشخص. هذه بعض الصيغ الشائعة:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الضمير\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>المضارع\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>النفي بلَمْ\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَنَا\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>أَكْتُبُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>أَنَا لَمْ أَكْتُبْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تَكْتُبِينَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتِ لَمْ تَكْتُبِي\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتُمْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تَكْتُبُونَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتُمْ لَمْ تَكْتُبُوا\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>هُوَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يَكْتُبُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هُوَ لَمْ يَكْتُبْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>هِيَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تَكْتُبُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هِيَ لَمْ تَكْتُبْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>هُمْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>يَكْتُبُونَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هُمْ لَمْ يَكْتُبُوا\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>في الصيغ \u003Cstrong>تَكْتُبِينَ، تَكْتُبُونَ، يَكْتُبُونَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، نحذف النون بعد \u003Cstrong>لَمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. ونكتب ألفًا بعد واو الجماعة في \u003Cstrong>تَكْتُبُوا\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>يَكْتُبُوا\u003C\u002Fstrong>، ولا ننطق هذه الألف.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>أَنْتِ \u003Cstrong>لَمْ تَكْتُبِي\u003C\u002Fstrong> اسْمَكِ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>أَنْتُمْ \u003Cstrong>لَمْ تَكْتُبُوا\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَسْمَاءَكُمْ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>هُمْ \u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَكْتُبُوا\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَسْمَاءَهُمْ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>٤. صيغ لا يكفي فيها السكون\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>ليست كل الأفعال مثل \u003Cstrong>يَكْتُبُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. احفظ هذه الصيغ اليومية الآن:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>المضارع\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>بعد لَمْ\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>ما تغيَّر؟\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>يَنْتَهِي\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ يَنْتَهِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>حُذِفَتِ الياءُ الأخيرةُ.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>يَكُونُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>لَمْ يَكُنْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>حُذِفَتِ الواوُ، وسُكِّنَت النون.\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَنْتَهِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> الدَّرْسُ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَكُنْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَحْمَدُ فِي الْبَيْتِ أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>في \u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَنْتَهِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> تبقى الكسرة تحت الهاء في الكتابة؛ لا نضع سكونًا مكانها. ستتعلَّم تفاصيل تصريف هذه الأفعال لاحقًا.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>٥. تصحيح سريع وخلاصة\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>✗ لَمْ ذَهَبْتُ أَمْسِ. ← ✓ \u003Cstrong>لَمْ أَذْهَبْ أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fstrong> نستخدم المضارع بعد لَمْ، لا الماضي.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>✗ هُمْ لَمْ يَكْتُبُونَ. ← ✓ \u003Cstrong>هُمْ لَمْ يَكْتُبُوا.\u003C\u002Fstrong> نحذف النون في هذه الصيغة.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>عند نفي حدث في الماضي:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>اختر المضارع المناسب للشخص.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>ضع \u003Cstrong>لَمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> قبله.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>راجع النهاية: \u003Cstrong>لَمْ أَكْتُبْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، أو \u003Cstrong>لَمْ تَكْتُبِي\u003C\u002Fstrong>، أو \u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَكْتُبُوا\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>انتبه إلى الصيغ الخاصة التي تعلَّمتها: \u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَنْتَهِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>لَمْ يَكُنْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Cp>تذكَّر: الفعل بعد \u003Cstrong>لَمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> مضارع في صيغته، لكنَّ النفي هنا يتعلَّق \u003Cstrong>بالماضي\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[1097,1101,1105,1109,1113],{"id":1098,"text":1099,"depth":16,"number":1100},"section","١. نفي حدث في الماضي","1",{"id":1102,"text":1103,"depth":16,"number":1104},"section-2","٢. بناء الجملة بعد لَمْ","2",{"id":1106,"text":1107,"depth":16,"number":1108},"section-3","٣. نهايات شائعة مع الضمائر","3",{"id":1110,"text":1111,"depth":16,"number":1112},"section-4","٤. صيغ لا يكفي فيها السكون","4",{"id":1114,"text":1115,"depth":16,"number":1116},"section-5","٥. تصحيح سريع وخلاصة","5"]