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الحجة","in-wa-idha-wa-law",163,{"id":827,"title":828,"slug":829,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":830},"01a14143-3dab-75b2-905c-5ae1f553a468","كلما وأيا كان ومهما يكن","kullama-wa-ayyan-kana",164,{"id":832,"title":833,"slug":834,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":835},"01a14143-3e28-7d8f-b568-b8ceeb0c8084","المصدر المؤول في مواقع نحوية متعددة","mawaqi-al-masdar-al-muawwal",165,{"id":837,"title":838,"slug":839,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":840},"01a14143-3ad9-718b-9545-a30ed0b9b8de","الاعتراض والاستدراك في الجملة الطويلة","al-itirad-wa-al-istidrak",166,{"id":842,"title":843,"slug":844,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":845},"01a14143-3ca9-7680-b00a-cde07f4af711","التقديم والتأخير وبؤرة المعلومة","bu-rat-al-maluma",167,{"id":847,"title":848,"slug":849,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":850},"01a14143-3a63-70e7-b9a1-ed1134701ab0","الحذف واستعادة المحذوف من السياق","al-hadhf-fi-as-siyaq",168,{"id":852,"title":853,"slug":854,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":855},"01a14143-3c78-7eaf-8db2-4baf4a227d81","التراكيب الاسمية في الأسلوب الأكاديمي","at-tarakib-al-ismiyya-al-akadimiyya",169,{"id":857,"title":858,"slug":859,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":860},"01a14143-3e40-77f1-bb7a-7755cbab1c42","نقل الأقوال والموقف من المصدر","naql-al-aqwal",170,{"id":862,"title":863,"slug":864,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":865},"01a14143-3c57-7c1f-8b9a-8756d4887bcd","التحفظ والاحتمال في الكتابة العلمية","at-tahaffuz-wa-al-ihtimal",171,{"id":867,"title":868,"slug":869,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":870},"01a14143-3c25-7a59-a627-b67c7910d72c","الصياغة الإدارية والقانونية المعاصرة","as-siyagha-al-idariyya",172,{"id":872,"title":873,"slug":874,"language":9,"level":749,"displayOrder":875},"01a14143-3c44-7d7e-90e0-1fc38905a4b0","التعجب والمدح والذم","at-taajjub-wa-al-madh-wa-adh-dhamm",173,{"id":877,"title":878,"slug":879,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":881},"01a14143-3bad-7aee-9881-8597330b4ca7","العدول بين الخبر والإنشاء وأثره","al-udul-bayna-al-khabar-wa-al-insha","C2",174,{"id":883,"title":884,"slug":885,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":886},"01a14143-3ab4-7dd7-9c18-6cc240d60051","الالتفات وتحول الضمائر في النص الأدبي","al-iltifat",175,{"id":888,"title":889,"slug":890,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":891},"01a14143-3a15-7344-a201-e498d909a359","الفصل والوصل في بناء النص","al-fasl-wa-al-wasl",176,{"id":893,"title":894,"slug":895,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":896},"01a14143-3aa6-722a-abdf-92a2a36e1d46","الإيجاز والحذف وحدود استنتاج المعنى","al-ijaz-wa-al-hadhf",177,{"id":898,"title":899,"slug":900,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":901},"01a14143-3c71-7c34-bc16-593c334a1d7b","التقديم للاختصاص والحصر في النص الأدبي","at-taqdim-li-al-ikhtisas",178,{"id":903,"title":904,"slug":905,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":906},"01a14143-3abc-761f-b84c-ad57171015a8","الاشتغال في قراءة النصوص الفصيحة","al-ishtighal",179,{"id":908,"title":909,"slug":910,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":911},"01a14143-3c64-7f80-acfc-fd896eb807e1","التنازع وتحديد العامل","at-tanazu",180,{"id":913,"title":914,"slug":915,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":916},"01a14143-3aad-7870-aa38-609a1caf4bfe","الاختصاص والتحذير والإغراء","al-ikhtisas-wa-at-tahdhir",181,{"id":918,"title":919,"slug":920,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":921},"01a14143-3b28-779d-9ba1-03923e51543e","المفعول معه والتمييز من العطف","al-maful-maahu",182,{"id":923,"title":924,"slug":925,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":926},"01a14143-3e47-7385-8a7e-bc7d6f00153c","نون التوكيد ولام القسم في القراءة","nun-at-tawkid-wa-lam-al-qasam",183,{"id":928,"title":929,"slug":930,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":931},"01a14143-3d1b-7b6f-b9f8-e3ec9b8920af","إن المخففة واللام الفارقة في النصوص","in-al-mukhaffafa",184,{"id":933,"title":934,"slug":935,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":936},"01a14143-3db9-79a6-97b4-cb9a95ebdd33","لا ولات وإن المشبهة بليس في القراءة","la-wa-lata-wa-in",185,{"id":938,"title":939,"slug":940,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":941},"01a14143-3cd7-752b-85f3-7fdcd9881ff7","ضمير الشأن والقصة وتفسيره","damir-ash-shan",186,{"id":943,"title":944,"slug":945,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":946},"01a14143-3a5c-7452-9f79-57e7ae583138","الحذف في جملة الصلة وشروط فهمه","al-hadhf-fi-as-sila",187,{"id":948,"title":949,"slug":950,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":951},"01a14143-3e73-7cbd-9916-78149163b2df","تعدد التحليل النحوي وأثره في المعنى","taaddud-at-tahlil-an-nahwi",188,{"id":953,"title":954,"slug":955,"language":9,"level":880,"displayOrder":956},"01a14143-3c7f-7adb-8468-77f42fa800a5","التراكيب التراثية في الاقتباس المعاصر","at-tarakib-at-turathiyya",189,{"id":274,"title":275,"slug":276,"seoDescription":958,"content":959,"language":9,"level":201,"displayOrder":277,"grammarTopics":960,"createdAt":966,"updatedAt":967,"vocabularyLists":968,"primaryTopicHub":969,"readyImages":971},"تعلم تصريف الفعل الماضي مع جميع الضمائر، وتمييز نهايات المتكلم والمخاطب والغائب، وصيغ المثنى والجمع، مع أمثلة يومية توضح تاء الفاعل وتاء التأنيث.","نقول: **كَتَبْتُ رِسَالَةً**، و**كَتَبْنَا رِسَالَةً**. يتغيّر آخر الفعل الماضي بحسب مَن قام بالفعل. ستتعلّم صِيَغه مع جميع الضمائر، وتُميّز بين نهايات المفرد والمثنّى والجمع.\n\n## ١. الضمير يحدّد صيغة الفعل\n\nنستخدم الماضي هنا للحديث عن حدث انتهى. اختر الضمير أولًا، ثم اختر صيغة الفعل المناسبة له.\n\n- **المتكلّم:** أَنَا، نَحْنُ.\n- **المخاطَب:** أَنْتَ، أَنْتِ، أَنْتُمَا، أَنْتُمْ، أَنْتُنَّ.\n- **الغائب:** هُوَ، هِيَ، هُمَا، هُمْ، هُنَّ.\n\nالمثنّى يدلّ على اثنين أو اثنتين، والجمع يدلّ هنا على ثلاثة فأكثر. نستخدم **نَحْنُ** لاثنين أو أكثر، للذكور والإناث.\n\n:::example\nأَنَا **شَاهَدْتُ** فِيلْمًا أَمْسِ.\n\nنَحْنُ **شَاهَدْنَا** فِيلْمًا أَمْسِ.\n\nهُمْ **شَاهَدُوا** فِيلْمًا أَمْسِ.\n:::\n\n## ٢. تصريف كَتَبَ مع جميع الضمائر\n\nاقرأ الصيغ، وانتبه إلى حركة التاء وإلى نهاية كل فعل.\n\n| الضمير | مَن قام بالفعل؟ | صيغة الماضي |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| أَنَا | المتكلّم، مذكّر أو مؤنّث | **كَتَبْتُ** |\n| نَحْنُ | المتكلّم ومعه غيره | **كَتَبْنَا** |\n| أَنْتَ | مخاطَب مذكّر واحد | **كَتَبْتَ** |\n| أَنْتِ | مخاطَبة مؤنّثة واحدة | **كَتَبْتِ** |\n| أَنْتُمَا | مخاطَبان أو مخاطَبتان | **كَتَبْتُمَا** |\n| أَنْتُمْ | جماعة مخاطَبين مذكّرين | **كَتَبْتُمْ** |\n| أَنْتُنَّ | جماعة مخاطَبات مؤنّثات | **كَتَبْتُنَّ** |\n| هُوَ | غائب مذكّر واحد | **كَتَبَ** |\n| هِيَ | غائبة مؤنّثة واحدة | **كَتَبَتْ** |\n| هُمَا | غائبان مذكّران | **كَتَبَا** |\n| هُمَا | غائبتان مؤنّثتان | **كَتَبَتَا** |\n| هُمْ | جماعة غائبين مذكّرين | **كَتَبُوا** |\n| هُنَّ | جماعة غائبات مؤنّثات | **كَتَبْنَ** |\n\nنستخدم **أَنْتُمْ** و**هُمْ** أيضًا لجماعة تضمّ ذكورًا وإناثًا. أمّا **أَنْتُنَّ** و**هُنَّ** فلجماعة من الإناث فقط.\n\n:::note\nهذا الجدول نموذج لفعل **كَتَبَ**. تظهر النهايات نفسها في أفعال كثيرة، مثل **دَرَسَ** و**فَتَحَ**، لكن بعض الأفعال يتغيّر داخلها أيضًا: **قَالَ ← قُلْتُ**. لا نضيف النهايات إلى كل فعل بالطريقة نفسها دون تغيير.\n:::\n\n## ٣. التاء: حركة صغيرة ومعنى مختلف\n\nقارن بين الصيغ الأربع الآتية:\n\n| الصيغة | المعنى | نوع التاء |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **كَتَبْتُ** | أَنَا كَتَبْتُ | تاء الفاعل |\n| **كَتَبْتَ** | أَنْتَ كَتَبْتَ | تاء الفاعل |\n| **كَتَبْتِ** | أَنْتِ كَتَبْتِ | تاء الفاعل |\n| **كَتَبَتْ** | هِيَ كَتَبَتْ | تاء التأنيث |\n\n**تاء الفاعل** تدلّ هنا على المتكلّم أو المخاطَب. أمّا **تاء التأنيث** في **كَتَبَتْ** فتبيّن أن مَن قام بالفعل مؤنّث.\n\nانتبه أيضًا إلى الباء: هي ساكنة في **كَتَبْتُ**، ومفتوحة في **كَتَبَتْ**.\n\n:::example\nيقول سامي: أَنَا **كَتَبْتُ** رِسَالَةً.\n\nتقول ليلى: أَنَا **كَتَبْتُ** رِسَالَةً.\n\nنقول عن ليلى: هِيَ **كَتَبَتْ** رِسَالَةً.\n:::\n\n:::tip\nصيغة **أَنَا** واحدة للمذكّر والمؤنّث. لا تغيّر **كَتَبْتُ** إلى **كَتَبْتِ** إذا كانت المتكلّمة امرأة؛ **كَتَبْتِ** صيغة مخاطبة امرأة.\n:::\n\n## ٤. المثنّى والجمع\n\nمع **أَنْتُمَا**، الصيغة واحدة للمذكّر والمؤنّث: **كَتَبْتُمَا**. لكن مع **هُمَا** نميّز بين **كَتَبَا** للمذكّر و**كَتَبَتَا** للمؤنّث.\n\n:::example\nنخاطب طالبين أو طالبتين: أَنْتُمَا **دَرَسْتُمَا** أَمْسِ.\n\nنتحدّث عن طالبين: هُمَا **دَرَسَا** أَمْسِ.\n\nنتحدّث عن طالبتين: هُمَا **دَرَسَتَا** أَمْسِ.\n:::\n\nفي الجمع، انتبه إلى الفرق بين المتكلّم والغائبات:\n\n- **نَحْنُ دَرَسْنَا**: أنا ومعي غيري؛ النهاية **نَا**.\n- **هُنَّ دَرَسْنَ**: جماعة من الإناث؛ النهاية **نَ** دون ألف.\n\nومع المخاطَبين نقول **أَنْتُمْ دَرَسْتُمْ**، ومع المخاطَبات نقول **أَنْتُنَّ دَرَسْتُنَّ**.\n\n:::warning\nنكتب ألفًا بعد واو الجماعة في **كَتَبُوا** و**دَرَسُوا**، لكن لا ننطق هذه الألف. لا تحذفها في الكتابة.\n:::\n\n## ٥. استخدام الصيغة في جملة\n\nقد تدلّ نهاية الفعل على الضمير، فلا نحتاج إلى ذكره إذا كان المعنى واضحًا.\n\n:::example\n**أَنَا دَرَسْتُ** أَمْسِ. ← **دَرَسْتُ** أَمْسِ.\n\n**نَحْنُ فَتَحْنَا** الْبَابَ. ← **فَتَحْنَا** الْبَابَ.\n\n**أَنْتِ كَتَبْتِ** الرِّسَالَةَ. ← **كَتَبْتِ** الرِّسَالَةَ.\n:::\n\nفي الكتابة دون تشكيل، قد تبدو **كَتَبْتُ** و**كَتَبْتَ** و**كَتَبْتِ** متشابهة. يساعدك الضمير والسياق على فهم المقصود.\n\n## ٦. خطوات سريعة للمراجعة\n\n1. حدّد مَن قام بالفعل: المتكلّم، أم المخاطَب، أم الغائب؟\n2. حدّد العدد: مفرد، أم مثنّى، أم جمع؟\n3. حدّد المذكّر أو المؤنّث حيث تختلف الصيغة.\n4. راجع النهاية: **كَتَبْتُ** ليست **كَتَبَتْ**، و**كَتَبْنَا** ليست **كَتَبْنَ**.\n\nتذكّر: **أَنَا** و**نَحْنُ** و**أَنْتُمَا** لها صيغ لا تختلف باختلاف الجنس، أمّا **هُمَا** فلها صيغتان: **كَتَبَا** و**كَتَبَتَا**.",[961],{"id":962,"name":963,"level":201,"language":9,"isCompleted":964,"completionPercentage":965,"totalExercises":56,"completedExercises":965},"01a14143-3901-7dcb-9b28-ca7818072e19","الأحداث والعادات في الماضي",false,0,"2026-10-15T20:31:28+00:00","2026-10-16T06:40:27+00:00",[],{"name":963,"slug":970,"language":9},"al-ahdath-wa-al-adat-fi-al-madi-a2",[],{"id":962,"name":963,"slug":970,"language":9,"level":201,"introduction":973,"lessonCount":16,"totalExercises":56,"objectives":974,"prerequisites":978,"lessons":980},"تبدأ بتصريف الفعل الماضي مع جميع الضمائر، وتنتبه إلى النهايات التي تميّز المتكلّم والمخاطب والغائب والمثنّى والجمع. ثم تنتقل من حكاية حدث انتهى إلى وصف عادة في فترة ماضية باستعمال كان مع المضارع وعبارات التكرار، دون افتراض أن هذه الصيغة تعني دائمًا عادة أو أنها توقّفت الآن.",[975,976,977],"تصريف نموذج الماضي الصحيح مع جميع الضمائر.","وصف عادة ماضية بكان والمضارع المناسبين للشخص نفسه.","استخدام السياق وعبارات التكرار لفهم العادة الماضية وتمييزها من حدث جارٍ في الماضي.",[979],"معرفة الضمائر وصيغ المضارع الأساسية وتصريف كان الشائع.",[981,1006],{"id":274,"contentId":982,"slug":276,"title":275,"level":201,"summary":983,"order":11,"exercises":984},"pg_c0470788-d6f0-47a6-8974-416d349ba5f5","يثبّت نهايات الماضي مع جميع الضمائر بنموذج كتب، ويميّز تاء الفاعل من تاء التأنيث وصيغ المثنّى والجمع.",[985,989,992,996,999,1003],{"id":986,"title":987,"order":965,"type":988},"01a14143-6e24-7be7-9b54-696576ccef35","تصريف الماضي في الحياة اليومية","word_select",{"id":990,"title":991,"order":11,"type":988},"01a14143-6e3f-71b8-b77c-7a939deeebbc","نهايات الماضي في المواقف والحوارات",{"id":993,"title":994,"order":16,"type":995},"01a14143-6e58-755d-859b-d84aa33a9a06","الماضي مع المتكلم والمخاطب: اكتشف الخطأ","find_and_fix",{"id":997,"title":998,"order":21,"type":995},"01a14143-6e61-7489-95f9-164f97c46113","الماضي مع الغائب: اكتشف الخطأ",{"id":1000,"title":1001,"order":26,"type":1002},"01a14143-6e6a-72bf-b8de-8f0ac2f96103","نهايات الماضي 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مع جميع الضمائر، وتُميّز بين نهايات المفرد والمثنّى والجمع.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>١. الضمير يحدّد صيغة الفعل\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>نستخدم الماضي هنا للحديث عن حدث انتهى. اختر الضمير أولًا، ثم اختر صيغة الفعل المناسبة له.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>المتكلّم:\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَنَا، نَحْنُ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>المخاطَب:\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَنْتَ، أَنْتِ، أَنْتُمَا، أَنْتُمْ، أَنْتُنَّ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>الغائب:\u003C\u002Fstrong> هُوَ، هِيَ، هُمَا، هُمْ، هُنَّ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>المثنّى يدلّ على اثنين أو اثنتين، والجمع يدلّ هنا على ثلاثة فأكثر. نستخدم \u003Cstrong>نَحْنُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> لاثنين أو أكثر، للذكور والإناث.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>أَنَا \u003Cstrong>شَاهَدْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> فِيلْمًا أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>نَحْنُ \u003Cstrong>شَاهَدْنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> فِيلْمًا أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>هُمْ \u003Cstrong>شَاهَدُوا\u003C\u002Fstrong> فِيلْمًا أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>٢. تصريف كَتَبَ مع جميع الضمائر\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>اقرأ الصيغ، وانتبه إلى حركة التاء وإلى نهاية كل فعل.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الضمير\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>مَن قام بالفعل؟\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>صيغة الماضي\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَنَا\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>المتكلّم، مذكّر أو مؤنّث\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>نَحْنُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>المتكلّم ومعه غيره\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مخاطَب مذكّر واحد\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مخاطَبة مؤنّثة واحدة\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتُمَا\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>مخاطَبان أو مخاطَبتان\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُمَا\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتُمْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>جماعة مخاطَبين مذكّرين\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتُنَّ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>جماعة مخاطَبات 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غائبات مؤنّثات\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْنَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>نستخدم \u003Cstrong>أَنْتُمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>هُمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> أيضًا لجماعة تضمّ ذكورًا وإناثًا. أمّا \u003Cstrong>أَنْتُنَّ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>هُنَّ\u003C\u002Fstrong> فلجماعة من الإناث فقط.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>هذا الجدول نموذج لفعل \u003Cstrong>كَتَبَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. تظهر النهايات نفسها في أفعال كثيرة، مثل \u003Cstrong>دَرَسَ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>فَتَحَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، لكن بعض الأفعال يتغيّر داخلها أيضًا: \u003Cstrong>قَالَ ← قُلْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>. لا نضيف النهايات إلى كل فعل بالطريقة نفسها دون تغيير.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>٣. التاء: حركة صغيرة ومعنى مختلف\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>قارن بين الصيغ الأربع الآتية:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>الصيغة\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>المعنى\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>نوع التاء\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>أَنَا كَتَبْتُ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تاء الفاعل\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتَ كَتَبْتَ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تاء الفاعل\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>أَنْتِ كَتَبْتِ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تاء الفاعل\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>كَتَبَتْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>هِيَ كَتَبَتْ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>تاء التأنيث\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>تاء الفاعل\u003C\u002Fstrong> تدلّ هنا على المتكلّم أو المخاطَب. أمّا \u003Cstrong>تاء التأنيث\u003C\u002Fstrong> في \u003Cstrong>كَتَبَتْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> فتبيّن أن مَن قام بالفعل مؤنّث.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>انتبه أيضًا إلى الباء: هي ساكنة في \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، ومفتوحة في \u003Cstrong>كَتَبَتْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>يقول سامي: أَنَا \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> رِسَالَةً.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>تقول ليلى: أَنَا \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> رِسَالَةً.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>نقول عن ليلى: هِيَ \u003Cstrong>كَتَبَتْ\u003C\u002Fstrong> رِسَالَةً.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--tip\">\u003Cp>صيغة \u003Cstrong>أَنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> واحدة للمذكّر والمؤنّث. لا تغيّر \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> إلى \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> إذا كانت المتكلّمة امرأة؛ \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> صيغة مخاطبة امرأة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>٤. المثنّى والجمع\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>مع \u003Cstrong>أَنْتُمَا\u003C\u002Fstrong>، الصيغة واحدة للمذكّر والمؤنّث: \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُمَا\u003C\u002Fstrong>. لكن مع \u003Cstrong>هُمَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> نميّز بين \u003Cstrong>كَتَبَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> للمذكّر و\u003Cstrong>كَتَبَتَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> للمؤنّث.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>نخاطب طالبين أو طالبتين: أَنْتُمَا \u003Cstrong>دَرَسْتُمَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>نتحدّث عن طالبين: هُمَا \u003Cstrong>دَرَسَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>نتحدّث عن طالبتين: هُمَا \u003Cstrong>دَرَسَتَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>في الجمع، انتبه إلى الفرق بين المتكلّم والغائبات:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>نَحْنُ دَرَسْنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong>: أنا ومعي غيري؛ النهاية \u003Cstrong>نَا\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>هُنَّ دَرَسْنَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>: جماعة من الإناث؛ النهاية \u003Cstrong>نَ\u003C\u002Fstrong> دون ألف.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>ومع المخاطَبين نقول \u003Cstrong>أَنْتُمْ دَرَسْتُمْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، ومع المخاطَبات نقول \u003Cstrong>أَنْتُنَّ دَرَسْتُنَّ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>نكتب ألفًا بعد واو الجماعة في \u003Cstrong>كَتَبُوا\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>دَرَسُوا\u003C\u002Fstrong>، لكن لا ننطق هذه الألف. لا تحذفها في الكتابة.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>٥. استخدام الصيغة في جملة\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>قد تدلّ نهاية الفعل على الضمير، فلا نحتاج إلى ذكره إذا كان المعنى واضحًا.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>أَنَا دَرَسْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَمْسِ. ← \u003Cstrong>دَرَسْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> أَمْسِ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>نَحْنُ فَتَحْنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> الْبَابَ. ← \u003Cstrong>فَتَحْنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> الْبَابَ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>أَنْتِ كَتَبْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> الرِّسَالَةَ. ← \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> الرِّسَالَةَ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>في الكتابة دون تشكيل، قد تبدو \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتَ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتِ\u003C\u002Fstrong> متشابهة. يساعدك الضمير والسياق على فهم المقصود.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-6\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>٦. خطوات سريعة للمراجعة\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>حدّد مَن قام بالفعل: المتكلّم، أم المخاطَب، أم الغائب؟\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>حدّد العدد: مفرد، أم مثنّى، أم جمع؟\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>حدّد المذكّر أو المؤنّث حيث تختلف الصيغة.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>راجع النهاية: \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْتُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> ليست \u003Cstrong>كَتَبَتْ\u003C\u002Fstrong>، و\u003Cstrong>كَتَبْنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> ليست \u003Cstrong>كَتَبْنَ\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Cp>تذكّر: \u003Cstrong>أَنَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>نَحْنُ\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>أَنْتُمَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> لها صيغ لا تختلف باختلاف الجنس، أمّا \u003Cstrong>هُمَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> فلها صيغتان: \u003Cstrong>كَتَبَا\u003C\u002Fstrong> و\u003Cstrong>كَتَبَتَا\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[1074,1078,1082,1086,1090,1094],{"id":1075,"text":1076,"depth":16,"number":1077},"section","١. الضمير يحدّد صيغة الفعل","1",{"id":1079,"text":1080,"depth":16,"number":1081},"section-2","٢. تصريف كَتَبَ مع جميع الضمائر","2",{"id":1083,"text":1084,"depth":16,"number":1085},"section-3","٣. التاء: حركة صغيرة ومعنى مختلف","3",{"id":1087,"text":1088,"depth":16,"number":1089},"section-4","٤. المثنّى والجمع","4",{"id":1091,"text":1092,"depth":16,"number":1093},"section-5","٥. استخدام الصيغة في جملة","5",{"id":1095,"text":1096,"depth":16,"number":1097},"section-6","٦. خطوات سريعة للمراجعة","6"]