[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-es-obligacion-con-tener-que-hay-que-y-deber":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-019f7f70-2f61-756b-9efa-7a852c076004":66,"grammar-exercise-workloads-019f7f70-2f61-756b-9efa-7a852c076004":102,"exercise-list-path-es-infinitivo-y-obligacion-a1":1143},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":63,"readyImages":65},"019f7f70-2f61-756b-9efa-7a852c076004","Obligación con tener que, hay que y deber","obligacion-con-tener-que-hay-que-y-deber","Aprende a expresar obligación en español con tener que, hay que y deber, tres formas antes de un infinitivo con matices diferentes (nivel A1).","En español hay varias formas frecuentes de expresar una obligación. **Tener que**, **hay que** y **deber** van delante de un infinitivo, pero no presentan la obligación de la misma manera.\n\nAl terminar, podrás:\n\n- expresar una obligación personal;\n- hablar de una norma general;\n- dar un consejo con **deber**.\n\n## 1. Tres formas de obligación\n\n| Forma | Idea principal | Registro | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| tener que + infinitivo | obligación de una persona | muy frecuente al hablar | **Tengo que trabajar**. |\n| hay que + infinitivo | necesidad o norma general | general | **Hay que esperar**. |\n| deber + infinitivo | deber o consejo | más formal, escrito o moral | **Debes descansar**. |\n\n:::example\nMañana tengo un examen. **Tengo que estudiar**. En la biblioteca **hay que hablar** en voz baja. También **debo dormir** bien esta noche.\n:::\n\n## 2. Tener que más infinitivo\n\n**Tener** cambia con la persona. **Que** y el infinitivo no cambian.\n\n| Persona | Forma | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| yo | tengo que | **Tengo que salir**. |\n| tú | tienes que | **Tienes que llamar**. |\n| él, ella, usted | tiene que | **Tiene que pagar**. |\n| nosotros\u002Fas | tenemos que | **Tenemos que volver**. |\n| vosotros\u002Fas | tenéis que | **Tenéis que leer**. |\n| ellos, ellas, ustedes | tienen que | **Tienen que esperar**. |\n\nEsta forma identifica a la persona responsable de la acción.\n\n## 3. Hay que para todos en general\n\n**Hay que + infinitivo** no cambia de persona. Se usa para instrucciones, normas o necesidades generales.\n\n- **Hay que reciclar** para cuidar el planeta.\n- Para entrar, **hay que tener** una entrada.\n- En esta clase **hay que escuchar**.\n\n:::note\nCon **hay que**, normalmente no decimos quién debe hacer la acción. La regla se presenta como general y no admite sujeto: ✗ *Yo hay que estudiar*; ✓ *Yo tengo que estudiar*.\n:::\n\nCompara: **Tengo que limpiar mi habitación** habla de mí; **hay que limpiar la cocina** presenta una necesidad para las personas implicadas.\n\n## 4. Deber para un deber o consejo\n\n**Deber + infinitivo** puede expresar un deber y también una recomendación.\n\n| Persona | Deber | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| yo | debo | **Debo responder**. |\n| tú | debes | **Debes descansar**. |\n| él, ella, usted | debe | **Debe entrar**. |\n| nosotros\u002Fas | debemos | **Debemos ayudar**. |\n| vosotros\u002Fas | debéis | **Debéis estudiar**. |\n| ellos, ellas, ustedes | deben | **Deben llegar** pronto. |\n\nEn *Tienes fiebre; debes descansar*, **deber** funciona como consejo.\n\n## 5. Negaciones y errores frecuentes\n\nLa negación se coloca delante de la forma verbal:\n\n- **No tienes que venir**: puedes venir, pero no es obligatorio.\n- **No hay que pagar** indica que el pago no es necesario.\n- **No debes venir**: no está permitido o es un mal consejo.\n\n:::warning\nNo olvides **que** después de *tener*.\n\n✓ Nosotros **tenemos que comprar** pan.\n\n✗ Nosotros *tenemos comprar* pan.\n\nTambién evita ✗ *hay esperar*, ✗ *tengo que estudio* y ✗ *debes descansas*: después de estas formas va siempre un infinitivo.\n:::\n\n## 6. Resumen práctico\n\n| Forma | Cuándo se usa | Ejemplo afirmativo | Ejemplo negativo |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| tener que | obligación personal | Tengo que salir. | No tengo que salir. |\n| hay que | norma general | Hay que esperar. | No hay que pagar. |\n| deber | consejo o deber | Debes descansar. | No debes fumar. |\n\nDespués de las tres expresiones, deja la acción en infinitivo: **salir**, **comer**, **escribir**.","es","A1",33,[13],{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},"01a03036-613c-7c12-bf4f-26817b4cd3df","Infinitivo y obligación",false,0,10,"2026-07-20T12:11:26+00:00","2026-08-30T21:23:09+00:00",[22],{"id":23,"title":24,"grammarTopic":25,"displayOrder":26,"vocabularyListWords":27,"isPublished":39},"01a0548e-0693-77ab-81f1-fed4e8172252","Expresiones de obligación",{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},2,[28,41,51],{"id":29,"vocabularyWord":30,"displayOrder":40},"01a0548e-0693-781f-81f1-fed4e8e7f779",{"id":31,"word":32,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":33,"audio":16},"01a0548d-051b-75e2-8425-a0fae5757e39","tener que",[34],{"id":35,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":37,"exampleSentences":38,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a0548d-0540-70d3-b226-7e2a55b78d79","PHRASE","Expresión que indica obligación o necesidad.","Tengo que terminar el informe hoy.",true,1,{"id":42,"vocabularyWord":43,"displayOrder":26},"01a0548e-0693-7853-81f1-fed4e9df42ca",{"id":44,"word":45,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":46,"audio":16},"01a0548d-04a4-7c09-ae11-04563375ac9d","hay que",[47],{"id":48,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":49,"exampleSentences":50,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a0548d-04b5-7cde-a1d3-146fa9a68dd8","Expresión usada en expresiones de obligación.","No basta con añadir una terminación: hay que acentuar la nueva palabra según las reglas generales.",{"id":52,"vocabularyWord":53,"displayOrder":62},"01a0548e-0693-7877-81f1-fed4ea4ae9d5",{"id":54,"word":55,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":56,"audio":16},"01a0548d-048e-768c-b956-f864bbecc60b","deber",[57],{"id":58,"partOfSpeech":59,"definition":60,"exampleSentences":61,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a0548d-04b3-7368-9006-e2c82902d7e1","VERB","Tener la obligación o la necesidad de hacer algo.","Debo terminar el informe antes de comer.",3,{"name":15,"slug":64,"language":9},"infinitivo-y-obligacion-a1",[],[67,76,82,89,95],{"@id":68,"@type":69,"id":70,"grammarPage":71,"title":72,"instructions":73,"displayOrder":17,"type":74,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":75},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019f7f70-464d-7c45-83b4-2aaa51d579b2","GrammarExercise","019f7f70-464d-7c45-83b4-2aaa51d579b2","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-2f61-756b-9efa-7a852c076004","Responsabilidades personales y normas generales","Distingue las obligaciones personales con tener que y las normas generales con hay que; completa o interpreta cada situación. Algunas preguntas tienen más de un espacio.","word_select","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7e4c-1cf4-7745-9f82-fbedac13430a_hero.webp",{"@id":77,"@type":69,"id":78,"grammarPage":71,"title":79,"instructions":80,"displayOrder":40,"type":74,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":81},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019f7f70-4664-75bc-a664-f2e7c91a8768","019f7f70-4664-75bc-a664-f2e7c91a8768","Consejos, negaciones y formas correctas","Elige la forma o interpretación correcta para deber, las negaciones y las tres expresiones de obligación. Algunas preguntas tienen más de un espacio.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7e4c-1d23-7715-a1c7-1169531e5963_hero.webp",{"@id":83,"@type":69,"id":84,"grammarPage":71,"title":85,"instructions":86,"displayOrder":26,"type":87,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":88},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019faa5f-da0d-7f65-9a2c-d7a7f6f09d3e","019faa5f-da0d-7f65-9a2c-d7a7f6f09d3e","Construye responsabilidades y deberes","Toca las palabras en el orden correcto para formar cada oración. Hay una palabra que no pertenece.","sentence_builder","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_0ed20279-4c40-4659-a150-435476667153_hero.webp",{"@id":90,"@type":69,"id":91,"grammarPage":71,"title":92,"instructions":93,"displayOrder":62,"type":87,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":94},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019faa5f-da1e-7eed-88fc-58b202e39868","019faa5f-da1e-7eed-88fc-58b202e39868","Construye normas, consejos y negaciones","Toca las palabras en el orden correcto para formar cada situación. Hay una palabra que no pertenece.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_af6fd3a2-5985-4418-a997-6736baad7db4_hero.webp",{"@id":96,"@type":69,"id":97,"grammarPage":71,"title":98,"instructions":99,"displayOrder":100,"type":101,"isCompleted":16},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a01413-f98f-7185-a935-35b3e80869f6","01a01413-f98f-7185-a935-35b3e80869f6","Corrige las obligaciones y los consejos","Cada oración contiene una palabra incorrecta. Tócala y elige la corrección.",4,"find_and_fix",{"019f7f70-464d-7c45-83b4-2aaa51d579b2":103,"019f7f70-4664-75bc-a664-f2e7c91a8768":370,"019faa5f-da0d-7f65-9a2c-d7a7f6f09d3e":678,"019faa5f-da1e-7eed-88fc-58b202e39868":815,"01a01413-f98f-7185-a935-35b3e80869f6":952},{"id":70,"grammarPage":71,"title":72,"instructions":73,"displayOrder":17,"type":74,"questions":104,"ogImageUrl":75},[105,153,177,195,213,231,250,269,288,306,333,351],{"id":106,"sentenceTemplate":107,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":108,"exampleSentence":109,"blanks":110},"019faa5f-d9a4-78ae-8165-57c23eb8e68b","En casa repartimos las tareas. Completa las obligaciones personales: «Yo __1__ cocinar; tú __2__ sacar la basura; Elena __3__ regar las plantas; nosotros __4__ ordenar el salón».","Tener cambia con la persona: «tengo que», «tienes que», «tiene que» y «tenemos que».","Mi padre tiene que llamar al técnico esta tarde.",[111,123,134,143],{"id":112,"blankNumber":40,"options":113},"019faa5f-d9a4-767a-8165-57c2382d5e06",[114,117,120],{"id":115,"optionText":116,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-75be-8165-57c236c03392","tiene que",{"id":118,"optionText":119,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7622-8165-57c23701af70","tengo que",{"id":121,"optionText":122,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7656-8165-57c237eab0f7","tenemos que",{"id":124,"blankNumber":26,"options":125},"019faa5f-d9a4-7726-8165-57c239fc142b",[126,129,131],{"id":127,"optionText":128,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-76c2-8165-57c2392771e0","tienes que",{"id":130,"optionText":119,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-76e6-8165-57c2399dc8ab",{"id":132,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7706-8165-57c239d650f4","tienen que",{"id":135,"blankNumber":62,"options":136},"019faa5f-d9a4-77ce-8165-57c23c0d7177",[137,139,141],{"id":138,"optionText":122,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-776e-8165-57c23ab667f5",{"id":140,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7792-8165-57c23abf90b7",{"id":142,"optionText":116,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-77b2-8165-57c23b1e3da5",{"id":144,"blankNumber":100,"options":145},"019faa5f-d9a4-7862-8165-57c23e17ed63",[146,148,150],{"id":147,"optionText":119,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-7802-8165-57c23c36826b",{"id":149,"optionText":122,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7822-8165-57c23cec4b47",{"id":151,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7842-8165-57c23d4e1140","tenéis que",{"id":154,"sentenceTemplate":155,"displayOrder":40,"explanation":156,"exampleSentence":157,"blanks":158},"019faa5f-d9a4-7a62-8165-57c241f39854","A un grupo de amigos en España le digo: «Vosotros __1__ presentar el proyecto». En Argentina uso ustedes con un grupo informal: «Ustedes __2__ mostrar el pase».","Con vosotros usamos «tenéis que»; con ustedes usamos «tienen que».","Vosotras tenéis que esperar fuera; ustedes tienen que pasar después.",[159,168],{"id":160,"blankNumber":40,"options":161},"019faa5f-d9a4-7996-8165-57c23fe53136",[162,164,166],{"id":163,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-7932-8165-57c23f1c18a0",{"id":165,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7956-8165-57c23fb2fdf8",{"id":167,"optionText":116,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7976-8165-57c23fbed1dc",{"id":169,"blankNumber":26,"options":170},"019faa5f-d9a4-7a26-8165-57c241d4e201",[171,173,175],{"id":172,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-79ca-8165-57c24066cedc",{"id":174,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-79ea-8165-57c240b369f2",{"id":176,"optionText":128,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7a06-8165-57c24144d71c",{"id":178,"sentenceTemplate":179,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":180,"exampleSentence":181,"blanks":182},"019faa5f-d9a4-7b62-8165-57c24408a0ac","Te pregunto solo por tu obligación personal, no por una norma general: «¿__1__ entregar la solicitud hoy?».","La pregunta se dirige a ti, por eso usamos «tienes que».","¿Tenemos que llevar una copia del documento?",[183],{"id":184,"blankNumber":40,"options":185},"019faa5f-d9a4-7b22-8165-57c243eb139e",[186,189,192],{"id":187,"optionText":188,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-7aba-8165-57c2423cb72c","Tiene que",{"id":190,"optionText":191,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7ade-8165-57c242b71c3c","Tenéis que",{"id":193,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7afa-8165-57c24393d164","Tienes que",{"id":196,"sentenceTemplate":197,"displayOrder":62,"explanation":198,"exampleSentence":199,"blanks":200},"019faa5f-d9a4-7c42-8165-57c2476f0e84","Mario es la persona responsable de comprobar la factura. La oración bien construida es: «Mario __1__».","Después de la forma personal «tiene» necesitamos «que» y el infinitivo «comprobar».","Ellas tienen que ordenar los archivos.",[201],{"id":202,"blankNumber":40,"options":203},"019faa5f-d9a4-7c06-8165-57c246ab0615",[204,207,210],{"id":205,"optionText":206,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-7ba6-8165-57c244e7c0e3","tiene comprobar la factura",{"id":208,"optionText":209,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7bca-8165-57c245a902ac","tiene que comprobar la factura",{"id":211,"optionText":212,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7bea-8165-57c246511cea","tiene que comprueba la factura",{"id":214,"sentenceTemplate":215,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":216,"exampleSentence":217,"blanks":218},"019faa5f-d9a4-7d1e-8165-57c24aa8b081","Un cartel presenta una regla para todo el público, sin identificar a nadie como responsable. El texto adecuado es __1__.","Una norma general se presenta con «hay que + infinitivo».","En este edificio hay que cerrar las ventanas por la noche.",[219],{"id":220,"blankNumber":40,"options":221},"019faa5f-d9a4-7ce6-8165-57c24a0be75f",[222,225,228],{"id":223,"optionText":224,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-7c86-8165-57c247c29a05","La encargada tiene que mantener la puerta cerrada",{"id":226,"optionText":227,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7caa-8165-57c24875815d","Hay que mantener la puerta cerrada",{"id":229,"optionText":230,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7cc6-8165-57c249588288","Tengo que mantener la puerta cerrada",{"id":232,"sentenceTemplate":233,"displayOrder":234,"explanation":235,"exampleSentence":236,"blanks":237},"019faa5f-d9a4-7dfa-8165-57c24d249e47","Leo dice «Tengo que revisar mi bicicleta» porque es su responsabilidad. Para presentar la misma necesidad como regla general, decimos __1__.",5,"Al eliminar a la persona responsable, usamos la expresión impersonal «hay que».","Para viajar con seguridad, hay que comprobar los documentos.",[238],{"id":239,"blankNumber":40,"options":240},"019faa5f-d9a4-7dc2-8165-57c24c4cdde1",[241,244,247],{"id":242,"optionText":243,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-7d62-8165-57c24ac29a72","Leo tiene que revisar las bicicletas antes de usarlas",{"id":245,"optionText":246,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7d86-8165-57c24b53c3a3","Tengo que revisar las bicicletas antes de usarlas",{"id":248,"optionText":249,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7da6-8165-57c24c135031","Hay que revisar las bicicletas antes de usarlas",{"id":251,"sentenceTemplate":252,"displayOrder":253,"explanation":254,"exampleSentence":255,"blanks":256},"019faa5f-d9a4-7ee6-8165-57c24ed779be","La receta presenta una instrucción impersonal. ¿Qué opción conserva «que» y deja la acción en infinitivo? __1__.",6,"La estructura correcta es «hay que + infinitivo»: «Primero hay que lavar las verduras».","Para usar esta máquina, hay que pulsar el botón verde.",[257],{"id":258,"blankNumber":40,"options":259},"019faa5f-d9a4-7ea2-8165-57c24eb1caf1",[260,263,266],{"id":261,"optionText":262,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-7e46-8165-57c24d2c2070","Primero hay lavar las verduras",{"id":264,"optionText":265,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7e66-8165-57c24df939ae","Primero hay que lavamos las verduras",{"id":267,"optionText":268,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7e86-8165-57c24eaa0224","Primero hay que lavar las verduras",{"id":270,"sentenceTemplate":271,"displayOrder":272,"explanation":273,"exampleSentence":274,"blanks":275},"019faa5f-d9a5-7022-afd2-f8d85a950e7d","Compara «Tengo que cocinar» y «Tienes que cocinar». ¿Qué elementos permanecen iguales al cambiar de yo a tú? __1__.",7,"La forma de tener cambia, pero «que» y el infinitivo «cocinar» permanecen iguales.","Decimos «tenemos que ordenar» y «tienen que ordenar»: «que ordenar» no cambia.",[276],{"id":277,"blankNumber":40,"options":278},"019faa5f-d9a4-7f8a-8165-57c250b4ea44",[279,282,285],{"id":280,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a4-7f2e-8165-57c24f5ca182","la forma de tener",{"id":283,"optionText":284,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a4-7f4e-8165-57c250362f2a","la persona responsable",{"id":286,"optionText":287,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a4-7f6a-8165-57c250917d41","que y el infinitivo",{"id":289,"sentenceTemplate":290,"displayOrder":291,"explanation":292,"exampleSentence":293,"blanks":294},"019faa5f-d9a5-710a-afd2-f8d85c79de67","Antes de visitar un museo, quiero preguntar por una regla general con la expresión impersonal: «¿__1__ reservar la entrada?».",8,"La pregunta sobre una norma general usa «¿Hay que + infinitivo?».","¿Hay que dejar los paraguas en la entrada?",[295],{"id":296,"blankNumber":40,"options":297},"019faa5f-d9a5-70d2-afd2-f8d85ba6ec7a",[298,301,304],{"id":299,"optionText":300,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a5-7072-afd2-f8d85a9f0cd8","Tengo que",{"id":302,"optionText":303,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a5-7092-afd2-f8d85aa72e95","Hay que",{"id":305,"optionText":194,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a5-70b2-afd2-f8d85b21ecea",{"id":307,"sentenceTemplate":308,"displayOrder":309,"explanation":310,"exampleSentence":311,"blanks":312},"019faa5f-d9a5-7272-afd2-f8d861911d2d","Dos carteles presentan reglas generales sin nombrar responsables: «En esta aula __1__ apagar el móvil; en el laboratorio __2__ usar guantes».",9,"Las dos normas se expresan de forma impersonal con «hay que + infinitivo», sin conjugar la obligación para una persona concreta.","En la biblioteca hay que hablar bajo; en la piscina hay que llevar gorro.",[313,323],{"id":314,"blankNumber":40,"options":315},"019faa5f-d9a5-71aa-afd2-f8d85f448b7d",[316,318,320],{"id":317,"optionText":128,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a5-714e-afd2-f8d85d69def0",{"id":319,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a5-716e-afd2-f8d85e0bbb79",{"id":321,"optionText":322,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a5-718a-afd2-f8d85e962f50","debes",{"id":324,"blankNumber":26,"options":325},"019faa5f-d9a5-723a-afd2-f8d8617930c9",[326,329,331],{"id":327,"optionText":328,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a5-71e2-afd2-f8d85fc31610","debemos",{"id":330,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a5-71fe-afd2-f8d860557156",{"id":332,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a5-721e-afd2-f8d860d68ba3",{"id":334,"sentenceTemplate":335,"displayOrder":18,"explanation":336,"exampleSentence":337,"blanks":338},"019faa5f-d9a5-736e-afd2-f8d8655a2d40","En «Tenemos que enviar el proyecto antes del viernes», la responsabilidad pertenece a __1__.","La forma «tenemos» identifica al grupo que incluye a la persona que habla.","Tengo que recoger a mi hermana: es una obligación mía.",[339],{"id":340,"blankNumber":40,"options":341},"019faa5f-d9a5-7332-afd2-f8d8646bc841",[342,345,348],{"id":343,"optionText":344,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a5-72ca-afd2-f8d86249b35b","todas las personas en general",{"id":346,"optionText":347,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a5-72ee-afd2-f8d862e1eaa3","solo la persona que escucha",{"id":349,"optionText":350,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a5-7316-afd2-f8d8638d6094","el grupo de la persona que habla",{"id":352,"sentenceTemplate":353,"displayOrder":354,"explanation":355,"exampleSentence":356,"blanks":357},"019faa5f-d9a5-744a-afd2-f8d867ce8a19","En «Para entrar al laboratorio, hay que mostrar una identificación», la obligación se presenta como __1__.",11,"«Hay que» comunica un requisito general sin nombrar quién debe cumplirlo.","Para usar la piscina, hay que llevar gorro.",[358],{"id":359,"blankNumber":40,"options":360},"019faa5f-d9a5-740e-afd2-f8d86740fcc6",[361,364,367],{"id":362,"optionText":363,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9a5-73b2-afd2-f8d865a98004","una tarea exclusiva de quien habla",{"id":365,"optionText":366,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9a5-73d2-afd2-f8d86637d249","un requisito general sin responsable identificado",{"id":368,"optionText":369,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9a5-73f2-afd2-f8d867359f2c","un consejo dirigido solo a ti",{"id":78,"grammarPage":71,"title":79,"instructions":80,"displayOrder":40,"type":74,"questions":371,"ogImageUrl":81},[372,418,442,460,475,490,514,532,550,568,585,602,635],{"id":373,"sentenceTemplate":374,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":375,"exampleSentence":376,"blanks":377},"019faa5f-d9d8-76e6-af4e-11db9083d7c7","Antes de una fiesta, todos tenemos una tarea: «Yo __1__ comprar pan; tú __2__ poner la mesa; Paula __3__ encender las luces; nosotros __4__ limpiar la cocina».","Deber concuerda con la persona: «debo», «debes», «debe» y «debemos».","Ellos deben traer agua.",[378,389,399,409],{"id":379,"blankNumber":40,"options":380},"019faa5f-d9d8-748e-af4e-11db89db5b05",[381,384,386],{"id":382,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-73c6-af4e-11db88f154dd","debe",{"id":385,"optionText":328,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-742e-af4e-11db896e3de4",{"id":387,"optionText":388,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7466-af4e-11db8975dcf7","debo",{"id":390,"blankNumber":26,"options":391},"019faa5f-d9d8-7556-af4e-11db8be79f62",[392,394,396],{"id":393,"optionText":322,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-74ee-af4e-11db8a53140a",{"id":395,"optionText":388,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7516-af4e-11db8ad060c0",{"id":397,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7536-af4e-11db8b0f885e","deben",{"id":400,"blankNumber":62,"options":401},"019faa5f-d9d8-75f2-af4e-11db8d7664de",[402,404,406],{"id":403,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-758e-af4e-11db8bf3cc33",{"id":405,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-75b2-af4e-11db8cb47225",{"id":407,"optionText":408,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-75d2-af4e-11db8d3049ef","debéis",{"id":410,"blankNumber":100,"options":411},"019faa5f-d9d8-7696-af4e-11db900badf9",[412,414,416],{"id":413,"optionText":328,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-7626-af4e-11db8da5b0e1",{"id":415,"optionText":388,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-764a-af4e-11db8e589fd4",{"id":417,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-767a-af4e-11db8f53ce28",{"id":419,"sentenceTemplate":420,"displayOrder":40,"explanation":421,"exampleSentence":422,"blanks":423},"019faa5f-d9d8-78a2-af4e-11db9683cd1b","En España digo a un grupo informal «Vosotros __1__ traer los libros». En América uso ustedes con otro grupo informal: «Ustedes __2__ llegar a las ocho».","Con vosotros usamos «debéis»; con ustedes usamos «deben».","Vosotras debéis venir temprano; ustedes deben esperar aquí.",[424,433],{"id":425,"blankNumber":40,"options":426},"019faa5f-d9d8-77d2-af4e-11db935dfee2",[427,429,431],{"id":428,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-776a-af4e-11db91420d20",{"id":430,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-778e-af4e-11db91f7df25",{"id":432,"optionText":408,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-77b2-af4e-11db92eae97d",{"id":434,"blankNumber":26,"options":435},"019faa5f-d9d8-7866-af4e-11db95c8bfd4",[436,438,440],{"id":437,"optionText":408,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-7806-af4e-11db93ea6677",{"id":439,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7826-af4e-11db9478f495",{"id":441,"optionText":322,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7846-af4e-11db94faa557",{"id":443,"sentenceTemplate":444,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":445,"exampleSentence":446,"blanks":447},"019faa5f-d9d8-799a-af4e-11db9821b7da","Tienes los ojos cansados. El consejo dirigido a ti con deber es: «__1__ beber agua y cerrar los ojos un momento».","Para darte este consejo usamos «debes + infinitivo».","Tu amigo está cansado; debe dormir.",[448],{"id":449,"blankNumber":40,"options":450},"019faa5f-d9d8-795e-af4e-11db978fdffb",[451,454,457],{"id":452,"optionText":453,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-78fe-af4e-11db96b338d9","Debemos",{"id":455,"optionText":456,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7922-af4e-11db972e0f7a","Debes",{"id":458,"optionText":459,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7942-af4e-11db972ecb03","Debe",{"id":461,"sentenceTemplate":462,"displayOrder":62,"explanation":463,"exampleSentence":464,"blanks":465},"019faa5f-d9d8-7a8a-af4e-11db9a137020","En una tienda, hablo formalmente con el señor Ruiz: «Usted __1__ pagar aquí».","Con usted usamos la tercera persona singular de tener: «tiene que».","Señora, tiene que esperar aquí.",[466],{"id":467,"blankNumber":40,"options":468},"019faa5f-d9d8-7a42-af4e-11db99829d13",[469,471,473],{"id":470,"optionText":128,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-79de-af4e-11db985a6f71",{"id":472,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7a02-af4e-11db98d94ed6",{"id":474,"optionText":116,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7a22-af4e-11db992b56c3",{"id":476,"sentenceTemplate":477,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":478,"exampleSentence":479,"blanks":480},"019faa5f-d9d8-7b6e-af4e-11db9ca605fc","Antes de salir, todos los alumnos __1__ guardar sus libros.","Todos los alumnos indica más de una persona, por eso usamos deben delante del infinitivo guardar.","Mis amigos deben llegar a las ocho.",[481],{"id":482,"blankNumber":40,"options":483},"019faa5f-d9d8-7b36-af4e-11db9c80af66",[484,486,488],{"id":485,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-7ad2-af4e-11db9a78b734",{"id":487,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7af6-af4e-11db9b7896c0",{"id":489,"optionText":328,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7b16-af4e-11db9c4522d2",{"id":491,"sentenceTemplate":492,"displayOrder":234,"explanation":493,"exampleSentence":494,"blanks":495},"019faa5f-d9d8-7ce2-af4e-11dba0428d1d","Ana puede venir o quedarse en casa: «Ana no __1__ venir». Un cartel dice «No entrar»: «Los visitantes no __2__ entrar». ","No tiene que indica que Ana puede elegir; no deben expresa la prohibición del cartel.","Hoy no tengo que trabajar, pero no debo conducir muy rápido.",[496,505],{"id":497,"blankNumber":40,"options":498},"019faa5f-d9d8-7c12-af4e-11db9e3f9f99",[499,501,503],{"id":500,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-7bb2-af4e-11db9d8e5550",{"id":502,"optionText":116,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7bd6-af4e-11db9dc8f196",{"id":504,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7bf2-af4e-11db9e3b55dd",{"id":506,"blankNumber":26,"options":507},"019faa5f-d9d8-7caa-af4e-11dba0045987",[508,510,512],{"id":509,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-7c4a-af4e-11db9ebbbcd6",{"id":511,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7c6a-af4e-11db9eedd2e5",{"id":513,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7c8a-af4e-11db9f7f9476",{"id":515,"sentenceTemplate":516,"displayOrder":253,"explanation":517,"exampleSentence":518,"blanks":519},"019faa5f-d9d8-7dd6-af4e-11dba31ccc16","La entrada a la fiesta es gratis. «No hay que pagar» significa que __1__.","«No hay que» indica que esa acción no es necesaria para nadie.","La puerta está abierta: no hay que llamar.",[520],{"id":521,"blankNumber":40,"options":522},"019faa5f-d9d8-7d9e-af4e-11dba267b8c4",[523,526,529],{"id":524,"optionText":525,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-7d3a-af4e-11dba11cf9c8","pagar está prohibido",{"id":527,"optionText":528,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7d5e-af4e-11dba1e070d9","pagar no es necesario",{"id":530,"optionText":531,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7d7e-af4e-11dba2508152","yo tengo que pagar",{"id":533,"sentenceTemplate":534,"displayOrder":272,"explanation":535,"exampleSentence":536,"blanks":537},"019faa5f-d9d8-7ec2-af4e-11dba5b41de3","Quiero negar mi obligación de llamar esta tarde. La oración correcta es __1__.","«No» va delante de «tengo» y conservamos «que + infinitivo».","Hoy no tenemos que preparar la sala.",[538],{"id":539,"blankNumber":40,"options":540},"019faa5f-d9d8-7e8a-af4e-11dba4cc2ffb",[541,544,547],{"id":542,"optionText":543,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-7e1e-af4e-11dba3c9fc5b","No tienes que llamar esta tarde",{"id":545,"optionText":546,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7e4a-af4e-11dba403cc12","No hay que llamar esta tarde",{"id":548,"optionText":549,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7e6a-af4e-11dba4474a1e","No tengo que llamar esta tarde",{"id":551,"sentenceTemplate":552,"displayOrder":291,"explanation":553,"exampleSentence":554,"blanks":555},"019faa5f-d9d9-7002-bf1b-e92c7581cee4","En este restaurante, todas las personas pueden entrar sin reserva. Completa la forma impersonal negativa: «__1__ reservar mesa».","La forma general negativa es «no hay que».","Hoy el autobús es gratis: no hay que comprar billete.",[556],{"id":557,"blankNumber":40,"options":558},"019faa5f-d9d8-7f6a-af4e-11dba8515277",[559,562,565],{"id":560,"optionText":561,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d8-7f0a-af4e-11dba624c4f1","No hay que",{"id":563,"optionText":564,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d8-7f2a-af4e-11dba6ac7439","No debemos",{"id":566,"optionText":567,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d8-7f4a-af4e-11dba7516480","No tienes que",{"id":569,"sentenceTemplate":570,"displayOrder":309,"explanation":571,"exampleSentence":572,"blanks":573},"019faa5f-d9d9-70ee-bf1b-e92c764a9af4","Mi amiga tiene dolor de pie. El consejo con tú es: «__1__ correr hoy».","Para dar un consejo negativo con tú, usamos «no debes» y el infinitivo correr.","No debes acostarte tarde.",[574],{"id":575,"blankNumber":40,"options":576},"019faa5f-d9d9-70b2-bf1b-e92c761d202c",[577,579,582],{"id":578,"optionText":564,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d9-7052-bf1b-e92c75d550bf",{"id":580,"optionText":581,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d9-7076-bf1b-e92c7601a2b9","No debes",{"id":583,"optionText":584,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d9-7096-bf1b-e92c7607c307","No debe",{"id":586,"sentenceTemplate":587,"displayOrder":18,"explanation":588,"exampleSentence":589,"blanks":590},"019faa5f-d9d9-71c6-bf1b-e92c7883865d","Para preguntar por una tarea de nuestro grupo, decimos: «¿__1__ limpiar la cocina hoy?».","Con nosotros, la pregunta usa «debemos» seguido del infinitivo.","¿Debe Marta comprar pan?",[591],{"id":592,"blankNumber":40,"options":593},"019faa5f-d9d9-718e-bf1b-e92c783e3c96",[594,597,599],{"id":595,"optionText":596,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d9-7132-bf1b-e92c772035b8","Deben",{"id":598,"optionText":453,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d9-7152-bf1b-e92c774851ca",{"id":600,"optionText":601,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d9-7172-bf1b-e92c778ba67b","Debéis",{"id":603,"sentenceTemplate":604,"displayOrder":354,"explanation":605,"exampleSentence":606,"blanks":607},"019faa5f-d9d9-73ce-bf1b-e92c802a7104","Completa una vez con tener que, hay que y deber: «Paula __1__ abrir la tienda porque es su tarea. En clase __2__ escuchar. Tienes fiebre: __3__ descansar».","Tiene que habla de la tarea de Paula; hay que presenta una regla general; debes da un consejo a la persona con fiebre.","Yo tengo que comprar pan; hay que esperar; tú debes beber agua.",[608,617,626],{"id":609,"blankNumber":40,"options":610},"019faa5f-d9d9-7276-bf1b-e92c79dc45a3",[611,613,615],{"id":612,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d9-720a-bf1b-e92c78aec165",{"id":614,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d9-722e-bf1b-e92c78fdc0a0",{"id":616,"optionText":116,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d9-724e-bf1b-e92c798794c2",{"id":618,"blankNumber":26,"options":619},"019faa5f-d9d9-7306-bf1b-e92c7c53d73d",[620,622,624],{"id":621,"optionText":133,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d9-72aa-bf1b-e92c7a9ee966",{"id":623,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d9-72ca-bf1b-e92c7acf9636",{"id":625,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d9-72ea-bf1b-e92c7ba4153c",{"id":627,"blankNumber":62,"options":628},"019faa5f-d9d9-7396-bf1b-e92c7f7bcd7e",[629,631,633],{"id":630,"optionText":128,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d9-733a-bf1b-e92c7cca75ba",{"id":632,"optionText":45,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d9-735a-bf1b-e92c7d84b6d0",{"id":634,"optionText":322,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d9-737a-bf1b-e92c7e7c2457",{"id":636,"sentenceTemplate":637,"displayOrder":638,"explanation":639,"exampleSentence":640,"blanks":641},"019faa5f-d9d9-7606-bf1b-e92c86a5cb47","Después de cada expresión, elige un infinitivo: «Tengo que __1__ el ordenador. Hay que __2__ por la puerta principal. Debes __3__ las llaves».",12,"Después de tengo que, hay que y debes usamos los infinitivos apagar, entrar y guardar.","Tenemos que salir, hay que esperar y debes escuchar.",[642,654,666],{"id":643,"blankNumber":40,"options":644},"019faa5f-d9d9-7496-bf1b-e92c82ac943a",[645,648,651],{"id":646,"optionText":647,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d9-7436-bf1b-e92c81103640","apago",{"id":649,"optionText":650,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d9-745a-bf1b-e92c81bdaefa","apagaré",{"id":652,"optionText":653,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d9-7476-bf1b-e92c823af988","apagar",{"id":655,"blankNumber":26,"options":656},"019faa5f-d9d9-7536-bf1b-e92c84d94885",[657,660,663],{"id":658,"optionText":659,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d9-74da-bf1b-e92c830e506a","entras",{"id":661,"optionText":662,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d9-74fa-bf1b-e92c83d19346","entra",{"id":664,"optionText":665,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d9-7516-bf1b-e92c8441a846","entrar",{"id":667,"blankNumber":62,"options":668},"019faa5f-d9d9-75ca-bf1b-e92c860b50e5",[669,672,675],{"id":670,"optionText":671,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-d9d9-7566-bf1b-e92c8504dd8a","guardas",{"id":673,"optionText":674,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-d9d9-7586-bf1b-e92c85421668","guardes",{"id":676,"optionText":677,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":26},"019faa5f-d9d9-75a6-bf1b-e92c8577e45f","guardar",{"id":84,"grammarPage":71,"title":85,"instructions":86,"displayOrder":26,"type":87,"questions":679,"ogImageUrl":88},[680,695,709,723,736,749,763,776,789,802],{"id":681,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":683,"exampleSentence":684,"blanks":685},"019faa5f-da0e-7141-bc8d-e869756d35d8","Construye la oración: __1__","Con «yo», tener toma la forma «tengo» y mantiene «que + infinitivo».","Yo tengo que ordenar mi habitación.",[686],{"id":687,"blankNumber":40,"options":688},"019faa5f-da0e-70ed-bc8d-e869748436d0",[689,692],{"id":690,"optionText":691,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-7079-bc8d-e869742e346c","tienes",{"id":693,"optionText":694,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-70bd-bc8d-e8697465aec7","Yo tengo que alimentar al gato.",{"id":696,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":40,"explanation":697,"exampleSentence":698,"blanks":699},"019faa5f-da0e-721d-bc8d-e86977929210","Con «tú», la obligación personal se expresa con «tienes que + infinitivo».","Tú tienes que cerrar la puerta.",[700],{"id":701,"blankNumber":40,"options":702},"019faa5f-da0e-71e9-bc8d-e869776b2ba0",[703,706],{"id":704,"optionText":705,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-719d-bc8d-e8697644e94b","Tú tienes que enviar un paquete.",{"id":707,"optionText":708,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-71c5-bc8d-e86976a30d89","tengo",{"id":710,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":711,"exampleSentence":712,"blanks":713},"019faa5f-da0e-72e1-bc8d-e8697a038910","Laura es tercera persona singular, por eso usamos «tiene que».","Pablo tiene que buscar su cartera.",[714],{"id":715,"blankNumber":40,"options":716},"019faa5f-da0e-72ad-bc8d-e869790b4567",[717,720],{"id":718,"optionText":719,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-7265-bc8d-e8697801220e","tienen",{"id":721,"optionText":722,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-728d-bc8d-e86978f6bcd8","Laura tiene que renovar su carné.",{"id":724,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":62,"explanation":725,"exampleSentence":726,"blanks":727},"019faa5f-da0e-73a1-bc8d-e8697b76fe37","Con «nosotros», tener se conjuga como «tenemos» y conserva «que».","Nosotros tenemos que organizar la reunión.",[728],{"id":729,"blankNumber":40,"options":730},"019faa5f-da0e-736d-bc8d-e8697b23a8c4",[731,734],{"id":732,"optionText":733,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-7325-bc8d-e8697ab26433","Nosotros tenemos que reservar las habitaciones.",{"id":735,"optionText":719,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-7349-bc8d-e8697aebcb36",{"id":737,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":738,"exampleSentence":739,"blanks":740},"019faa5f-da0e-7459-bc8d-e8697d4c87a5","En el uso informal de España, «vosotros» se combina con «tenéis que».","Vosotros tenéis que esperar vuestro turno.",[741],{"id":742,"blankNumber":40,"options":743},"019faa5f-da0e-7425-bc8d-e8697cd210e8",[744,746],{"id":745,"optionText":719,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-73e1-bc8d-e8697c42e103",{"id":747,"optionText":748,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-7405-bc8d-e8697c4df035","Vosotros tenéis que ensayar la canción.",{"id":750,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":234,"explanation":751,"exampleSentence":752,"blanks":753},"019faa5f-da0e-7549-bc8d-e8697f80131a","Con «ellas», la forma personal de tener es «tienen que».","Ellas tienen que preparar sus maletas.",[754],{"id":755,"blankNumber":40,"options":756},"019faa5f-da0e-7511-bc8d-e8697eb8aa8d",[757,760],{"id":758,"optionText":759,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-74cd-bc8d-e8697d57488e","Ellas tienen que recoger sus bicicletas.",{"id":761,"optionText":762,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-74f1-bc8d-e8697e378e7b","tiene",{"id":764,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":253,"explanation":765,"exampleSentence":766,"blanks":767},"019faa5f-da0e-7601-bc8d-e86981d495f6","Con «yo», deber se conjuga como «debo» delante del infinitivo.","Yo debo responder con educación.",[768],{"id":769,"blankNumber":40,"options":770},"019faa5f-da0e-75cd-bc8d-e86981a8c234",[771,773],{"id":772,"optionText":322,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-758d-bc8d-e8697ff0c6eb",{"id":774,"optionText":775,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-75b1-bc8d-e86980b89074","Yo debo contestar el correo.",{"id":777,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":272,"explanation":778,"exampleSentence":779,"blanks":780},"019faa5f-da0e-76bd-bc8d-e86983f3e2c5","Con «tú», un deber o consejo usa «debes + infinitivo».","Tú debes escuchar con atención.",[781],{"id":782,"blankNumber":40,"options":783},"019faa5f-da0e-7689-bc8d-e86983458000",[784,787],{"id":785,"optionText":786,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-7645-bc8d-e869826f1325","Tú debes beber más agua.",{"id":788,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-7665-bc8d-e869829c153d",{"id":790,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":291,"explanation":791,"exampleSentence":792,"blanks":793},"019faa5f-da0e-7779-bc8d-e8698667438e","Con «nosotros», deber toma la forma «debemos».","Nosotros debemos cuidar el parque.",[794],{"id":795,"blankNumber":40,"options":796},"019faa5f-da0e-7745-bc8d-e86985be43d3",[797,799],{"id":798,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-7701-bc8d-e8698481607b",{"id":800,"optionText":801,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-7725-bc8d-e86985800db7","Nosotros debemos ayudar a una vecina.",{"id":803,"sentenceTemplate":682,"displayOrder":309,"explanation":804,"exampleSentence":805,"blanks":806},"019faa5f-da0e-782d-bc8d-e86988f9a144","Con «ustedes», usamos la forma plural «deben» seguida de un infinitivo.","Ustedes deben esperar en la entrada.",[807],{"id":808,"blankNumber":40,"options":809},"019faa5f-da0e-77f9-bc8d-e8698823f330",[810,813],{"id":811,"optionText":812,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-da0e-77b9-bc8d-e86986b06ffa","Ustedes deben mostrar sus entradas.",{"id":814,"optionText":408,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019faa5f-da0e-77dd-bc8d-e869873d3058",{"id":91,"grammarPage":71,"title":92,"instructions":93,"displayOrder":62,"type":87,"questions":816,"ogImageUrl":94},[817,831,845,859,872,886,899,912,926,939],{"id":818,"sentenceTemplate":819,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":820,"exampleSentence":821,"blanks":822},"019fc2c5-48e8-741e-b20b-11e26115a500","Construye la situación: __1__","Una norma general se expresa con «hay que + infinitivo», sin identificar a una persona responsable.","La norma dice: «Hay que esperar fuera».",[823],{"id":824,"blankNumber":40,"options":825},"019fc2c5-48e8-7386-b20b-11e260672e31",[826,828],{"id":827,"optionText":398,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e8-72ca-b20b-11e25f4a2ebb",{"id":829,"optionText":830,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e8-733a-b20b-11e25f675b93","La norma dice: «Hay que guardar silencio».",{"id":832,"sentenceTemplate":819,"displayOrder":40,"explanation":833,"exampleSentence":834,"blanks":835},"019fc2c5-48e8-75ca-b20b-11e26380859c","La receta presenta una instrucción general con «hay que» y el infinitivo «mezclar».","La receta dice: «Hay que cortar las verduras».",[836],{"id":837,"blankNumber":40,"options":838},"019fc2c5-48e8-755a-b20b-11e262e9e006",[839,842],{"id":840,"optionText":841,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e8-74be-b20b-11e261ce4783","La receta dice: «Hay que mezclar los ingredientes».",{"id":843,"optionText":844,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e8-7516-b20b-11e262668fda","haya",{"id":846,"sentenceTemplate":847,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":848,"exampleSentence":849,"blanks":850},"019fc2c5-48e8-773a-b20b-11e266088de9","Construye el diálogo: __1__","La pregunta y la respuesta presentan una regla general, por eso ambas usan «hay que».","—¿Hay que llevar comida? —Sí, hay que llevar comida.",[851],{"id":852,"blankNumber":40,"options":853},"019fc2c5-48e8-76d2-b20b-11e2653c02fe",[854,856],{"id":855,"optionText":844,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e8-764e-b20b-11e2646f9a59",{"id":857,"optionText":858,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e8-7692-b20b-11e264a46b65","—¿Hay que llevar una toalla? —Sí, hay que llevar una toalla.",{"id":860,"sentenceTemplate":819,"displayOrder":62,"explanation":861,"exampleSentence":862,"blanks":863},"019fc2c5-48e8-78aa-b20b-11e26871646a","Si el museo es gratuito, comprar una entrada no es necesario: usamos «no hay que».","La actividad es gratis: no hay que pagar.",[864],{"id":865,"blankNumber":40,"options":866},"019fc2c5-48e8-7842-b20b-11e268353def",[867,870],{"id":868,"optionText":869,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e8-77be-b20b-11e266d5e1ce","El museo es gratuito: no hay que comprar una entrada.",{"id":871,"optionText":844,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e8-7802-b20b-11e267824acc",{"id":873,"sentenceTemplate":819,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":874,"exampleSentence":875,"blanks":876},"019fc2c5-48e8-7a2e-b20b-11e26a544d8b","Si otra persona prepara la cena, quien habla no tiene esa obligación: «no tengo que».","Mi compañera abre la tienda: no tengo que llegar temprano.",[877],{"id":878,"blankNumber":40,"options":879},"019fc2c5-48e8-79c2-b20b-11e269a52616",[880,883],{"id":881,"optionText":882,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e8-7926-b20b-11e268dfb622","tener",{"id":884,"optionText":885,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e8-7982-b20b-11e2696e5118","Mi hermana cocina: no tengo que preparar la cena.",{"id":887,"sentenceTemplate":819,"displayOrder":234,"explanation":888,"exampleSentence":889,"blanks":890},"019fc2c5-48e8-7b9e-b20b-11e26cf8038d","«No debes salir» expresa un consejo negativo dirigido a una persona con fiebre.","Estás muy cansado: no debes conducir.",[891],{"id":892,"blankNumber":40,"options":893},"019fc2c5-48e8-7b32-b20b-11e26c904f39",[894,897],{"id":895,"optionText":896,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e8-7aaa-b20b-11e26ae49245","Tienes fiebre: no debes salir de casa.",{"id":898,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e8-7aee-b20b-11e26bc7bfd6",{"id":900,"sentenceTemplate":819,"displayOrder":253,"explanation":901,"exampleSentence":902,"blanks":903},"019fc2c5-48e8-7d0a-b20b-11e26f796f4e","«Debes descansar» presenta un consejo dirigido a la persona con dolor.","Te duele la cabeza: debes beber agua.",[904],{"id":905,"blankNumber":40,"options":906},"019fc2c5-48e8-7c9e-b20b-11e26ed39f76",[907,909],{"id":908,"optionText":55,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e8-7c1a-b20b-11e26d55706d",{"id":910,"optionText":911,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e8-7c5e-b20b-11e26e2e1466","Te duele la espalda: debes descansar.",{"id":913,"sentenceTemplate":914,"displayOrder":272,"explanation":915,"exampleSentence":916,"blanks":917},"019fc2c5-48e8-7e7a-b20b-11e27168b3fc","Construye el contraste: __1__","«Tengo que» presenta una obligación personal; «hay que» presenta una norma general.","Yo digo: «Tengo que salir»; la norma dice: «Hay que esperar».",[918],{"id":919,"blankNumber":40,"options":920},"019fc2c5-48e8-7e0e-b20b-11e270bbdac1",[921,924],{"id":922,"optionText":923,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e8-7d8a-b20b-11e26feb37fb","Yo digo: «Tengo que comprar fruta»; la norma dice: «Hay que reutilizar las bolsas».",{"id":925,"optionText":882,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e8-7dce-b20b-11e27020b30f",{"id":927,"sentenceTemplate":819,"displayOrder":291,"explanation":928,"exampleSentence":929,"blanks":930},"019fc2c5-48e9-7047-9913-1a24d11ae7f5","La entrenadora da un consejo con «debes + infinitivo»: «debes calentar».","El médico aconseja: «Debes dormir más».",[931],{"id":932,"blankNumber":40,"options":933},"019fc2c5-48e8-7f7a-b20b-11e2736c0b3a",[934,936],{"id":935,"optionText":55,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e8-7ef6-b20b-11e2724d3a3d",{"id":937,"optionText":938,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e8-7f3a-b20b-11e2730bbab9","La entrenadora aconseja: «Debes calentar primero».",{"id":940,"sentenceTemplate":847,"displayOrder":309,"explanation":941,"exampleSentence":942,"blanks":943},"019fc2c5-48e9-71db-9913-1a24d366f3ec","La pregunta se refiere a la obligación de nuestro grupo, por eso usa «tenemos que» en ambas intervenciones.","—¿Tenemos que traer comida? —Sí, tenemos que traer comida.",[944],{"id":945,"blankNumber":40,"options":946},"019fc2c5-48e9-7153-9913-1a24d30cdd47",[947,950],{"id":948,"optionText":949,"isCorrect":39,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-48e9-70cf-9913-1a24d1795b8a","—¿Tenemos que llevar casco? —Sí, tenemos que llevar casco.",{"id":951,"optionText":882,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":40},"019fc2c5-48e9-7113-9913-1a24d26b0f53",{"id":97,"grammarPage":71,"title":98,"instructions":99,"displayOrder":100,"type":101,"questions":953},[954,972,986,1005,1023,1035,1052,1063,1080,1097,1113,1127],{"id":955,"sentenceTemplate":956,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":957,"exampleSentence":958,"blanks":959,"payload":960},"01a01413-f98f-72fd-a935-35b3e831ac44","Marta tiene que entrego su informe hoy.","Después de «tener que» se usa infinitivo: «tiene que entregar».","Marta tiene que entregar su informe hoy.",[],{"words":961,"correct":968,"wrongIndex":62,"corrections":969},[962,762,963,964,965,966,967],"Marta","que","entrego","su","informe","hoy.","entregar",[968,970,971],"entregas","entregan",{"id":973,"sentenceTemplate":974,"displayOrder":40,"explanation":975,"exampleSentence":976,"blanks":977,"payload":978},"01a01413-f98f-7375-a935-35b3e8d62db0","Mis hermanos tiene que limpiar su habitación.","El sujeto plural «mis hermanos» exige «tienen que».","Mis hermanos tienen que limpiar su habitación.",[],{"words":979,"correct":719,"wrongIndex":26,"corrections":984},[980,981,762,963,982,965,983],"Mis","hermanos","limpiar","habitación.",[719,985,691],"tenemos",{"id":987,"sentenceTemplate":988,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":989,"exampleSentence":990,"blanks":991,"payload":992},"01a01413-f98f-73d5-a935-35b3e8f42af7","En esta oficina hay que firmas al entrar.","La obligación general «hay que» va seguida de infinitivo.","En esta oficina hay que firmar al entrar.",[],{"words":993,"correct":1001,"wrongIndex":234,"corrections":1002},[994,995,996,997,963,998,999,1000],"En","esta","oficina","hay","firmas","al","entrar.","firmar",[1001,1003,1004],"firman","firmamos",{"id":1006,"sentenceTemplate":1007,"displayOrder":62,"explanation":1008,"exampleSentence":1009,"blanks":1010,"payload":1011},"01a01413-f98f-7431-a935-35b3e9c23c54","Ahora la entrada es gratuita: no hay de pagar.","La estructura impersonal es «no hay que pagar».","Ahora la entrada es gratuita: no hay que pagar.",[],{"words":1012,"correct":963,"wrongIndex":272,"corrections":1020},[1013,1014,1015,9,1016,1017,997,1018,1019],"Ahora","la","entrada","gratuita:","no","de","pagar.",[963,1021,1022],"con","en",{"id":1024,"sentenceTemplate":1025,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":1026,"exampleSentence":1027,"blanks":1028,"payload":1029},"01a01413-f98f-7489-a935-35b3eab3ab09","Marta tiene de pagar la factura mañana.","La obligación personal se expresa aquí con «tener que + infinitivo».","Marta tiene que pagar la factura mañana.",[],{"words":1030,"correct":963,"wrongIndex":26,"corrections":1034},[962,762,1018,1031,1014,1032,1033],"pagar","factura","mañana.",[963,1021,1022],{"id":1036,"sentenceTemplate":1037,"displayOrder":234,"explanation":1038,"exampleSentence":1039,"blanks":1040,"payload":1041},"01a01413-f98f-750d-a935-35b3eaf714a1","Señor Pérez, para entrar, debes mostrar una identificación en recepción.","La instrucción impersonal dirigida a usted exige «debe mostrar».","Señor Pérez, para entrar, debe mostrar una identificación en recepción.",[],{"words":1042,"correct":383,"wrongIndex":100,"corrections":1051},[1043,1044,1045,1046,322,1047,1048,1049,1022,1050],"Señor","Pérez,","para","entrar,","mostrar","una","identificación","recepción.",[383,398,328],{"id":1053,"sentenceTemplate":1054,"displayOrder":253,"explanation":1055,"exampleSentence":1056,"blanks":1057,"payload":1058},"01a01413-f98f-7581-a935-35b3ebb5072c","Para entrar, hay con mostrar una identificación.","La obligación general usa la estructura fija «hay que».","Para entrar, hay que mostrar una identificación.",[],{"words":1059,"correct":963,"wrongIndex":62,"corrections":1062},[1060,1046,997,1021,1047,1048,1061],"Para","identificación.",[963,1018,1022],{"id":1064,"sentenceTemplate":1065,"displayOrder":272,"explanation":1066,"exampleSentence":1067,"blanks":1068,"payload":1069},"01a01413-f98f-75ed-a935-35b3ebe82aea","En esta vía los ciclistas deben llevan casco.","Después de «deben» se usa el infinitivo «llevar».","En esta vía los ciclistas deben llevar casco.",[],{"words":1070,"correct":1076,"wrongIndex":253,"corrections":1077},[994,995,1071,1072,1073,398,1074,1075],"vía","los","ciclistas","llevan","casco.","llevar",[1076,1078,1079],"llevas","llevamos",{"id":1081,"sentenceTemplate":1082,"displayOrder":291,"explanation":1083,"exampleSentence":1084,"blanks":1085,"payload":1086},"01a01413-f98f-765d-a935-35b3ec97250d","Como soy el responsable, yo debe cerrar mi oficina.","El sujeto yo, reforzado por «soy», exige «debo».","Como soy el responsable, yo debo cerrar mi oficina.",[],{"words":1087,"correct":388,"wrongIndex":234,"corrections":1096},[1088,1089,1090,1091,1092,383,1093,1094,1095],"Como","soy","el","responsable,","yo","cerrar","mi","oficina.",[388,322,398],{"id":1098,"sentenceTemplate":1099,"displayOrder":309,"explanation":1100,"exampleSentence":1101,"blanks":1102,"payload":1103},"01a01413-f98f-76ed-a935-35b3ed3765e1","Lucía tiene que llamará al médico esta tarde.","Después de «tiene que» va el infinitivo «llamar».","Lucía tiene que llamar al médico esta tarde.",[],{"words":1104,"correct":1109,"wrongIndex":62,"corrections":1110},[1105,762,963,1106,999,1107,995,1108],"Lucía","llamará","médico","tarde.","llamar",[1109,1111,1112],"llama","llamamos",{"id":1114,"sentenceTemplate":1115,"displayOrder":18,"explanation":1116,"exampleSentence":1117,"blanks":1118,"payload":1119},"01a01413-f98f-774d-a935-35b3ed94925e","El cartel dice que los visitantes debe guardar silencio.","El sujeto plural «los visitantes» exige «deben».","El cartel dice que los visitantes deben guardar silencio.",[],{"words":1120,"correct":398,"wrongIndex":253,"corrections":1126},[1121,1122,1123,963,1072,1124,383,677,1125],"El","cartel","dice","visitantes","silencio.",[398,328,322],{"id":1128,"sentenceTemplate":1129,"displayOrder":354,"explanation":1130,"exampleSentence":1131,"blanks":1132,"payload":1133},"01a01413-f98f-77a9-a935-35b3edffb880","Ustedes dos no debe tocar las piezas del museo.","En el tratamiento plural «ustedes» se usa «deben».","Ustedes dos no deben tocar las piezas del museo.",[],{"words":1134,"correct":398,"wrongIndex":62,"corrections":1142},[1135,1136,1017,383,1137,1138,1139,1140,1141],"Ustedes","dos","tocar","las","piezas","del","museo.",[398,328,322],{"id":14,"name":15,"slug":64,"language":9,"level":10,"introduction":1144,"lessonCount":26,"totalExercises":18,"objectives":1145,"prerequisites":1149,"lessons":1151},"Este itinerario organiza infinitivo y obligación en una progresión práctica. Empieza con «Infinitivo después de querer, poder y necesitar» y culmina con «Obligación con tener que, hay que y deber», de modo que cada lección prepara la siguiente y enlaza con su práctica.",[1146,1147,1148],"Comprender y aplicar infinitivo después de querer, poder y necesitar.","Relacionar «Infinitivo después de querer, poder y necesitar» con «Obligación con tener que, hay que y deber» y elegir la forma adecuada.","Practicar obligación con tener que, hay que y deber con criterios de forma, significado y contexto.",[1150],"Reconocer palabras frecuentes y el orden básico de una oración en español.",[1152,1174],{"id":1153,"contentId":1154,"slug":1155,"title":1156,"level":10,"summary":1157,"order":40,"exercises":1158},"019f7f70-2f14-70c9-8814-19275b3478f4","pg_019f76ef-8d5a-72f2-b21d-6e928de380be","infinitivo-despues-de-querer-poder-y-necesitar","Infinitivo después de querer, poder y necesitar","Explica infinitivo después de querer, poder y necesitar mediante la estructura básica y querer más infinitivo. Abre la secuencia y fija la base para las lecciones siguientes.",[1159,1162,1165,1168,1171],{"id":1160,"title":1161,"order":17,"type":74},"019f7f70-42a6-7279-885f-ea276b2f28f8","Formas y estructura",{"id":1163,"title":1164,"order":40,"type":74},"019f7f70-42c2-7d00-add4-8f16db142451","Deseos, posibilidades y necesidades",{"id":1166,"title":1167,"order":26,"type":87},"019faa5f-d3b5-76b8-b12d-7644c48376ca","Construye deseos, posibilidades y necesidades",{"id":1169,"title":1170,"order":62,"type":87},"019faa5f-d3c5-72e1-8aeb-d52e2582d787","Construye preguntas, negaciones e infinitivos",{"id":1172,"title":1173,"order":100,"type":101},"01a01413-eff9-720e-9f77-d176aa51b9b6","Corrige el verbo y el infinitivo",{"id":4,"contentId":1175,"slug":6,"title":5,"level":10,"summary":1176,"order":26,"exercises":1177},"pg_019f76ef-9099-77c3-bdce-82cb6ca98513","Explica obligación con tener que, hay que y deber mediante tres formas de obligación y tener que más infinitivo. Cierra el recorrido integrando y afinando lo aprendido.",[1178,1179,1180,1181,1182],{"id":70,"title":72,"order":17,"type":74},{"id":78,"title":79,"order":40,"type":74},{"id":84,"title":85,"order":26,"type":87},{"id":91,"title":92,"order":62,"type":87},{"id":97,"title":98,"order":100,"type":101}]