[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-es-preterito-perfecto-compuesto":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-019f7f70-308a-7aa8-ad3d-0770a439e682":203,"grammar-exercise-workloads-019f7f70-308a-7aa8-ad3d-0770a439e682":237,"exercise-list-path-es-contrastes-y-referencias-temporales-del-pasado-a2":1315},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":200,"readyImages":202},"019f7f70-308a-7aa8-ad3d-0770a439e682","Pretérito perfecto compuesto","preterito-perfecto-compuesto","Aprende a formar el pretérito perfecto compuesto con el presente de haber y un participio para conectar una acción pasada con el presente (A2).","El **pretérito perfecto compuesto** conecta una acción pasada con el presente: *Hoy he hablado con Ana*. Se forma con el presente de **haber** y un participio.\n\nAl terminar esta lección, podrás:\n\n- formar el tiempo con **haber + participio**;\n- usar participios regulares e irregulares frecuentes;\n- hablar de experiencias y periodos todavía abiertos.\n\n## 1. El auxiliar haber\n\n| Persona | haber | Ejemplo con estudiar |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| yo | **he** | he estudiado |\n| tú | **has** | has estudiado |\n| él\u002Fella\u002Fusted | **ha** | ha estudiado |\n| nosotros\u002Fas | **hemos** | hemos estudiado |\n| vosotros\u002Fas | **habéis** | habéis estudiado |\n| ellos\u002Fellas\u002Fustedes | **han** | han estudiado |\n\n:::warning\nUsa **haber**, no *tener*, como auxiliar: **He comido**, no *tengo comido* en el uso básico.\n:::\n\n## 2. Participios regulares\n\nPara formar el participio, quitamos la terminación del infinitivo.\n\n| Infinitivo | Cambio | Participio |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| hablar | -ar → **-ado** | habl**ado** |\n| comer | -er → **-ido** | com**ido** |\n| vivir | -ir → **-ido** | viv**ido** |\n\nLos verbos cuya raíz termina en vocal suelen llevar tilde para separar las vocales: *leer → leído, oír → oído, traer → traído*.\n\n:::example\n- Esta mañana **he desayunado** temprano.\n- Este mes **hemos leído** dos libros.\n- ¿**Has oído** la noticia?\n:::\n\n## 3. Participios irregulares\n\nAlgunos participios frecuentes tienen una forma especial.\n\n| Infinitivo | Participio | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| hacer | **hecho** | He hecho la cena. |\n| decir | **dicho** | Has dicho la verdad. |\n| ver | **visto** | Hemos visto la película. |\n| escribir | **escrito** | Han escrito un mensaje. |\n| poner | **puesto** | He puesto la mesa. |\n| volver | **vuelto** | Ana ha vuelto. |\n| abrir | **abierto** | El museo ha abierto. |\n| romper | **roto** | Se ha roto el vaso. |\n\n:::tip\nAprende los participios irregulares dentro de una combinación: **he hecho, has dicho, ha vuelto**.\n:::\n\n## 4. El participio no concuerda\n\nDespués de **haber**, el participio permanece invariable.\n\n| Sujeto | Forma correcta |\n| --- | --- |\n| Marta | Marta ha **llegado**. |\n| Pablo | Pablo ha **llegado**. |\n| las chicas | Las chicas han **llegado**. |\n| los chicos | Los chicos han **llegado**. |\n\n:::danger\nNo hagas concordar el participio con el sujeto: **Ellas han llegado**, no *han llegadas*.\n:::\n\n## 5. Usos principales\n\n### Periodo todavía abierto\n\nUsamos con frecuencia el perfecto para acciones dentro de un periodo que incluye el presente.\n\n- **Hoy he trabajado** mucho.\n- **Esta semana hemos tenido** tres reuniones.\n- **Este año han viajado** a México.\n\n### Experiencias hasta ahora\n\nTambién hablamos de experiencias en un momento no especificado de la vida.\n\n- ¿**Has estado** alguna vez en Argentina?\n- Nunca **he probado** esa comida.\n- Ya **hemos visto** esa película.\n\n### Resultado presente\n\nUna acción pasada puede producir una situación importante ahora: *He perdido las llaves* significa que ahora no las tengo.\n\n:::example\n—¿Podemos entrar?\n\n—Sí, Marta **ha abierto** la puerta.\n:::\n\n## 6. Ya, todavía no, nunca y alguna vez\n\n| Marcador | Posición frecuente | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **ya** | antes de haber | Ya he terminado. |\n| **todavía no** | antes de haber | Todavía no hemos comido. |\n| **nunca** | antes de haber | Nunca han viajado en avión. |\n| **alguna vez** | después del participio | ¿Has visto nieve alguna vez? |\n\nLos pronombres también van antes de **haber**: *La película ya **la he visto***.\n\n:::warning\nNo coloques **no** entre el auxiliar y el participio. Di **No he comido**, no *he no comido*.\n:::\n\n## 7. Variación regional y resumen\n\nEn buena parte de España es frecuente contrastar *Hoy **he comido*** con *Ayer **comí***. En muchas zonas de América se usa también el indefinido para hechos recientes: *Hoy **comí***. Ambas opciones pertenecen a variedades correctas del español.\n\n:::note\nSigue el modelo regional de tu curso, pero aprende a reconocer las dos posibilidades.\n:::\n\nPara formar el perfecto:\n\n1. Conjuga **haber** según el sujeto.\n2. Forma el participio en **-ado\u002F-ido** o usa el irregular.\n3. Mantén el participio invariable.\n4. Coloca **no** y los pronombres antes de *haber*.\n5. Comprueba la conexión con el presente o el uso regional.","es","A2",75,[13],{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},"01a03036-617a-70e8-9929-b774a0b9b329","Contrastes y referencias temporales del pasado",false,0,20,"2026-07-20T12:11:26+00:00","2026-08-30T21:23:10+00:00",[22],{"id":23,"title":24,"grammarTopic":25,"displayOrder":26,"vocabularyListWords":27,"isPublished":41},"01a0548e-0a91-73b0-9027-47bac2cb99ec","Verbos del pretérito perfecto",{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},3,[28,48,58,68,79,90,101,113,123,134,144,155,166,177,188],{"id":29,"vocabularyWord":30,"displayOrder":42},"01a0548e-0a91-7434-9027-47bac32a4f85",{"id":31,"word":32,"frequency":33,"level":34,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":35,"audio":16},"01a0548d-04a4-71f9-ae11-045632a08e8e","hacer",10,"A1",[36,43],{"id":37,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":39,"exampleSentences":40,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-04b5-7b92-a1d3-146fa85144ee","VERB","Crear, preparar o realizar una cosa o una actividad.","Hago la cena mientras Pablo pone la mesa.",true,1,{"id":44,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":45,"exampleSentences":46,"isPrimary":16,"meaningOrder":47},"01a0548d-04b5-7bda-a1d3-146fa910d5c7","Expresar el tiempo atmosférico de forma impersonal.","En invierno hace frío por la noche.",2,{"id":49,"vocabularyWord":50,"displayOrder":47},"01a0548e-0a91-7488-9027-47bac35e04da",{"id":51,"word":52,"frequency":33,"level":34,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":53,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03c9-77ba-81d6-d34416b9f1ab","decir",[54],{"id":55,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":56,"exampleSentences":57,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-03fb-76b7-b41f-926c91ddd968","Expresar algo con palabras.","Siempre dice la verdad.",{"id":59,"vocabularyWord":60,"displayOrder":26},"01a0548e-0a91-74d4-9027-47bac3d2fc1c",{"id":61,"word":62,"frequency":33,"level":34,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":63,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03c4-72f2-8881-ffe2e40a2964","ver",[64],{"id":65,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":66,"exampleSentences":67,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-03fa-7d9f-85f0-e6f4a7550ff8","Percibir algo con los ojos.","Desde la ventana vemos las montañas.",{"id":69,"vocabularyWord":70,"displayOrder":78},"01a0548e-0a91-74fc-9027-47bac479178c",{"id":71,"word":72,"frequency":33,"level":34,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":73,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03d4-75b7-a2da-9e31a3532908","escribir",[74],{"id":75,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":76,"exampleSentences":77,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-03fd-7a8e-98c1-51b7ef38786c","Representar palabras o ideas mediante letras y signos.","Escribo un mensaje a mi hermana.",4,{"id":80,"vocabularyWord":81,"displayOrder":89},"01a0548e-0a91-7518-9027-47bac4d63c11",{"id":82,"word":83,"frequency":33,"level":34,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":84,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03db-7446-b48f-d63d471fab67","abrir",[85],{"id":86,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":87,"exampleSentences":88,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-03fe-756c-9bea-b2c1c182d637","Hacer que algo deje de estar cerrado.","Abro la ventana para que entre aire.",5,{"id":91,"vocabularyWord":92,"displayOrder":100},"01a0548e-0a91-7534-9027-47bac4f0764e",{"id":93,"word":94,"frequency":33,"level":34,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":95,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03ce-7ea4-b4cd-8524a5d080fa","poner",[96],{"id":97,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":98,"exampleSentences":99,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-03fd-72d2-98c1-51b7eb4d066c","Colocar una cosa en un lugar o una posición.","Pongo las llaves junto a la puerta.",6,{"id":102,"vocabularyWord":103,"displayOrder":112},"01a0548e-0a91-7554-9027-47bac591dade",{"id":104,"word":105,"frequency":106,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":107,"audio":16},"01a0548d-05ca-7f2d-8de7-20bd31e4b1a3","regresar",8,[108],{"id":109,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":110,"exampleSentences":111,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-05d3-7458-a2e3-596eae8b4c2c","Volver al lugar del que se salió.","Regresamos a casa después de medianoche.",7,{"id":114,"vocabularyWord":115,"displayOrder":106},"01a0548e-0a91-7570-9027-47bac663aaf0",{"id":116,"word":117,"frequency":106,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":118,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0532-73a9-9b2f-fc5d3b672e22","romper",[119],{"id":120,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":121,"exampleSentences":122,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-0542-7840-b0aa-13077b206a14","Hacer que algo deje de estar entero o funcione.","El niño rompió el vaso por accidente.",{"id":124,"vocabularyWord":125,"displayOrder":133},"01a0548e-0a91-758c-9027-47bac6815cd9",{"id":126,"word":127,"frequency":33,"level":34,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":128,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03da-7795-8957-7ce3ca6a64a7","leer",[129],{"id":130,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":131,"exampleSentences":132,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-03fe-7408-9bea-b2c1c0a23268","Interpretar el significado de un texto escrito.","Leo el periódico durante el desayuno.",9,{"id":135,"vocabularyWord":136,"displayOrder":33},"01a0548e-0a91-75a8-9027-47bac6af1e04",{"id":137,"word":138,"frequency":106,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":139,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0626-76fc-b7ba-520b333193b9","visitar",[140],{"id":141,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":142,"exampleSentences":143,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-0657-7f50-8d6e-160e15ea8c86","Ir a un lugar o ver a una persona durante un tiempo.","Queremos visitar el museo mañana.",{"id":145,"vocabularyWord":146,"displayOrder":154},"01a0548e-0a91-75c4-9027-47bac7765ca5",{"id":147,"word":148,"frequency":106,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":149,"audio":16},"01a0548d-05c8-79c4-88ba-d0e7b0a2e314","preparar",[150],{"id":151,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":152,"exampleSentences":153,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-05d2-7f7b-9425-1f32e3602375","Disponer lo necesario para realizar o utilizar algo.","Estoy preparando los documentos del viaje.",11,{"id":156,"vocabularyWord":157,"displayOrder":165},"01a0548e-0a91-75e0-9027-47bac7aff281",{"id":158,"word":159,"frequency":106,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":160,"audio":16},"01a0548d-05c1-79e7-9165-fdbec9fa5d6d","organizar",[161],{"id":162,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":163,"exampleSentences":164,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-05d2-7173-9425-1f32dcdbc518","Preparar y ordenar personas, tareas o elementos para un fin.","Vamos a organizar una cena para el sábado.",12,{"id":167,"vocabularyWord":168,"displayOrder":176},"01a0548e-0a91-75fc-9027-47bac7e371e4",{"id":169,"word":170,"frequency":106,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":171,"audio":16},"01a0548d-059b-7499-b5a2-b124cb27f2aa","descubrir",[172],{"id":173,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":174,"exampleSentences":175,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-05ce-73ae-99e6-d0688f6e06a2","Encontrar o conocer algo que antes estaba oculto o era desconocido.","Descubrimos un restaurante excelente cerca del hotel.",13,{"id":178,"vocabularyWord":179,"displayOrder":187},"01a0548e-0a91-7618-9027-47bac8913198",{"id":180,"word":181,"frequency":133,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":182,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0531-7838-9301-7ff74d8365a3","decidir",[183],{"id":184,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":185,"exampleSentences":186,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-0542-7720-b0aa-13077aab15a4","Elegir una opción después de pensar en varias posibilidades.","Decidimos viajar en tren.",14,{"id":189,"vocabularyWord":190,"displayOrder":199},"01a0548e-0a91-7634-9027-47bac89502cc",{"id":191,"word":192,"frequency":112,"level":193,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":194,"audio":16},"01a0548d-06a1-75bc-978f-f0dcb84a0096","resolver","B1",[195],{"id":196,"partOfSpeech":38,"definition":197,"exampleSentences":198,"isPrimary":41,"meaningOrder":42},"01a0548d-06d6-7e1f-a991-3a3dec7777cb","Encontrar una solución para un problema o dificultad.","El equipo necesita resolver la información antes de continuar.",15,{"name":15,"slug":201,"language":9},"contrastes-y-referencias-temporales-del-pasado-a2",[],[204,213,219,226,231],{"@id":205,"@type":206,"id":207,"grammarPage":208,"title":209,"instructions":210,"displayOrder":17,"type":211,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":212},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019f7f70-534b-7bf7-a67d-57996dbec20c","GrammarExercise","019f7f70-534b-7bf7-a67d-57996dbec20c","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-308a-7aa8-ad3d-0770a439e682","Auxiliar y participios","Completa cada forma del pretérito perfecto compuesto con el auxiliar o el participio adecuado.","word_select","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7e4c-4502-7332-91f4-2506e7a03143_hero.webp",{"@id":214,"@type":206,"id":215,"grammarPage":208,"title":216,"instructions":217,"displayOrder":42,"type":211,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":218},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019f7f70-536d-74bc-b322-502a74a75f3e","019f7f70-536d-74bc-b322-502a74a75f3e","Conexión con el presente","Completa con el pretérito perfecto compuesto o elige la interpretación indicada por el contexto y la nota regional.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7e4c-460b-7809-9463-2b18bea02833_hero.webp",{"@id":220,"@type":206,"id":221,"grammarPage":208,"title":222,"instructions":223,"displayOrder":47,"type":224,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":225},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019faa5f-f25c-73e6-8636-f1444cb1cf9a","019faa5f-f25c-73e6-8636-f1444cb1cf9a","Construye el perfecto paso a paso","Toca las palabras en el orden indicado para construir cada oración. Hay una forma que no necesitas.","sentence_builder","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_12e184b9-b2e5-447c-873f-2221c7da9b86_hero.webp",{"@id":227,"@type":206,"id":228,"grammarPage":208,"title":229,"instructions":223,"displayOrder":26,"type":224,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":230},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019faa5f-f26c-7b3b-867b-4da4673f9bfc","019faa5f-f26c-7b3b-867b-4da4673f9bfc","Construye experiencias y resultados","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_e884a09f-c2e9-486c-912b-4ae22981c82d_hero.webp",{"@id":232,"@type":206,"id":233,"grammarPage":208,"title":234,"instructions":235,"displayOrder":78,"type":236,"isCompleted":16},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a01414-1d15-7a59-ab2a-830a92e76818","01a01414-1d15-7a59-ab2a-830a92e76818","Corrige el perfecto compuesto","Cada oración contiene una forma incorrecta. Tócala y elige el auxiliar o participio adecuado.","find_and_fix",{"019f7f70-534b-7bf7-a67d-57996dbec20c":238,"019f7f70-536d-74bc-b322-502a74a75f3e":605,"019faa5f-f25c-73e6-8636-f1444cb1cf9a":833,"019faa5f-f26c-7b3b-867b-4da4673f9bfc":977,"01a01414-1d15-7a59-ab2a-830a92e76818":1125},{"id":207,"grammarPage":208,"title":209,"instructions":210,"displayOrder":17,"type":211,"questions":239,"ogImageUrl":212},[240,277,312,354,396,426,456,486,516,534,563,587],{"id":241,"sentenceTemplate":242,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":243,"exampleSentence":244,"blanks":245},"019f7f70-534b-7e87-a67d-5799756d7953","En el repaso de hoy: yo __1__ estudiado, tú __2__ practicado y usted __3__ descansado.","El auxiliar haber concuerda con la persona: yo he, tú has y usted ha. El participio no cambia.","Esta mañana yo he trabajado y tú has descansado.",[246,258,267],{"id":247,"blankNumber":42,"options":248},"019f7f70-534b-7d03-a67d-57996fb21ebf",[249,252,255],{"id":250,"optionText":251,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534b-7c7f-a67d-57996e058384","he",{"id":253,"optionText":254,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534b-7cb7-a67d-57996e8241a9","has",{"id":256,"optionText":257,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534b-7cdf-a67d-57996f3a6343","ha",{"id":259,"blankNumber":47,"options":260},"019f7f70-534b-7da7-a67d-579971baabe3",[261,263,265],{"id":262,"optionText":257,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534b-7d47-a67d-57997092fd3b",{"id":264,"optionText":254,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534b-7d6b-a67d-579970fc3ceb",{"id":266,"optionText":251,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534b-7d8b-a67d-5799714f84ce",{"id":268,"blankNumber":26,"options":269},"019f7f70-534b-7e4f-a67d-579974b45f6a",[270,273,275],{"id":271,"optionText":272,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534b-7ddf-a67d-579972444734","han",{"id":274,"optionText":251,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534b-7dff-a67d-5799733a7b4b",{"id":276,"optionText":257,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534b-7e2f-a67d-579974211bd1",{"id":278,"sentenceTemplate":279,"displayOrder":42,"explanation":280,"exampleSentence":281,"blanks":282},"019f7f70-534c-7117-8fd0-6e20288164d7","Durante esta semana: nosotros __1__ cocinado, vosotros __2__ aprendido y ellas __3__ practicado.","Con nosotros usamos hemos; con vosotros, habéis; y con ellas, han.","Este mes hemos leído mucho y ellos han escrito dos textos.",[283,294,303],{"id":284,"blankNumber":42,"options":285},"019f7f70-534b-7f5b-a67d-5799777fd152",[286,289,292],{"id":287,"optionText":288,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534b-7ef7-a67d-5799762a5743","habéis",{"id":290,"optionText":291,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534b-7f1b-a67d-5799765ce7fc","hemos",{"id":293,"optionText":272,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534b-7f3b-a67d-57997745e227",{"id":295,"blankNumber":47,"options":296},"019f7f70-534c-7053-8fd0-6e20256d5fde",[297,299,301],{"id":298,"optionText":288,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534b-7f8b-a67d-5799786a2612",{"id":300,"optionText":291,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-700b-8fd0-6e20246d4347",{"id":302,"optionText":272,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7033-8fd0-6e202493dbca",{"id":304,"blankNumber":26,"options":305},"019f7f70-534c-70e3-8fd0-6e2027a3f20c",[306,308,310],{"id":307,"optionText":257,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7087-8fd0-6e20266a5159",{"id":309,"optionText":272,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-70a7-8fd0-6e202716180d",{"id":311,"optionText":288,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-70c7-8fd0-6e202731087b",{"id":313,"sentenceTemplate":314,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":315,"exampleSentence":316,"blanks":317},"019f7f70-534c-733b-8fd0-6e202e117de2","Para formar participios regulares: hablar → __1__, comer → __2__ y vivir → __3__.","Los verbos en -ar forman el participio con -ado; los verbos en -er e -ir lo forman con -ido.","Trabajar forma trabajado; aprender forma aprendido.",[318,330,342],{"id":319,"blankNumber":42,"options":320},"019f7f70-534c-71db-8fd0-6e202a02ec1c",[321,324,327],{"id":322,"optionText":323,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-717b-8fd0-6e2028a33ade","hablido",{"id":325,"optionText":326,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-719f-8fd0-6e2028e98d09","hablado",{"id":328,"optionText":329,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-71bb-8fd0-6e2029086011","hablando",{"id":331,"blankNumber":47,"options":332},"019f7f70-534c-7277-8fd0-6e202bf9ab57",[333,336,339],{"id":334,"optionText":335,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-720f-8fd0-6e202a13a05e","comido",{"id":337,"optionText":338,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-722f-8fd0-6e202ac2b0af","comado",{"id":340,"optionText":341,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7257-8fd0-6e202b5f8d8d","comiendo",{"id":343,"blankNumber":26,"options":344},"019f7f70-534c-7303-8fd0-6e202dadeeb0",[345,348,351],{"id":346,"optionText":347,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-72ab-8fd0-6e202c4e4308","viviendo",{"id":349,"optionText":350,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-72cb-8fd0-6e202c88af44","vivado",{"id":352,"optionText":353,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-72e7-8fd0-6e202d3acedb","vivido",{"id":355,"sentenceTemplate":356,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":357,"exampleSentence":358,"blanks":359},"019f7f70-534c-7573-8fd0-6e203570eee5","Cuando la raíz termina en vocal, conserva las tildes: leer → __1__, oír → __2__ y traer → __3__.","Leído, oído y traído llevan tilde sobre la í para separar las vocales.","Esta semana he creído dos noticias falsas.",[360,372,384],{"id":361,"blankNumber":42,"options":362},"019f7f70-534c-73ff-8fd0-6e202fe331b5",[363,366,369],{"id":364,"optionText":365,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-739f-8fd0-6e202ebe31e2","leido",{"id":367,"optionText":368,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-73bf-8fd0-6e202f120f75","leyido",{"id":370,"optionText":371,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-73df-8fd0-6e202f2e3f3d","leído",{"id":373,"blankNumber":47,"options":374},"019f7f70-534c-7487-8fd0-6e2032585eda",[375,378,381],{"id":376,"optionText":377,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-742f-8fd0-6e2030ab9534","oído",{"id":379,"optionText":380,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-744f-8fd0-6e203118ec77","oido",{"id":382,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-746b-8fd0-6e2032173662","oyido",{"id":385,"blankNumber":26,"options":386},"019f7f70-534c-753b-8fd0-6e2034c27bbd",[387,390,393],{"id":388,"optionText":389,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-74db-8fd0-6e2032b82e09","traido",{"id":391,"optionText":392,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-74ff-8fd0-6e20331bc0a1","traído",{"id":394,"optionText":395,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-751f-8fd0-6e2033e81a33","trayido",{"id":397,"sentenceTemplate":398,"displayOrder":78,"explanation":399,"exampleSentence":400,"blanks":401},"019f7f70-534c-7707-8fd0-6e203a394623","Los participios irregulares de hacer y decir son __1__ y __2__.","Hacer forma hecho y decir forma dicho; no siguen el modelo regular en -ido.","Ya he hecho la compra y te he dicho el precio.",[402,414],{"id":403,"blankNumber":42,"options":404},"019f7f70-534c-7643-8fd0-6e2037f20f4f",[405,408,411],{"id":406,"optionText":407,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-75d7-8fd0-6e203611ceff","hacido",{"id":409,"optionText":410,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7603-8fd0-6e20368a4de1","hecho",{"id":412,"optionText":413,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7627-8fd0-6e2036f697bf","hicho",{"id":415,"blankNumber":47,"options":416},"019f7f70-534c-76cf-8fd0-6e2039c128da",[417,420,423],{"id":418,"optionText":419,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7677-8fd0-6e20383f93ed","decido",{"id":421,"optionText":422,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7697-8fd0-6e20393725e5","dicho",{"id":424,"optionText":425,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-76b3-8fd0-6e2039937e4c","dicido",{"id":427,"sentenceTemplate":428,"displayOrder":89,"explanation":429,"exampleSentence":430,"blanks":431},"019f7f70-534c-787f-8fd0-6e203f457730","Completa las parejas irregulares: ver → __1__ y escribir → __2__.","Los participios correctos son visto y escrito.","Hemos visto el aviso y ellos han escrito una respuesta.",[432,444],{"id":433,"blankNumber":42,"options":434},"019f7f70-534c-77bb-8fd0-6e203c42b6c6",[435,438,441],{"id":436,"optionText":437,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7757-8fd0-6e203a58b4c8","veído",{"id":439,"optionText":440,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-777f-8fd0-6e203aed0772","visto",{"id":442,"optionText":443,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-779b-8fd0-6e203b8097db","vido",{"id":445,"blankNumber":47,"options":446},"019f7f70-534c-784b-8fd0-6e203e94482b",[447,450,453],{"id":448,"optionText":449,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-77ef-8fd0-6e203ce2eb5a","escribido",{"id":451,"optionText":452,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-780f-8fd0-6e203dbedb13","escrito",{"id":454,"optionText":455,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-782f-8fd0-6e203e598784","escrivido",{"id":457,"sentenceTemplate":458,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":459,"exampleSentence":460,"blanks":461},"019f7f70-534c-79ff-8fd0-6e2043be2485","En la mesa, poner forma __1__; para regresar, volver forma __2__.","Poner tiene el participio puesto y volver tiene el participio vuelto.","He puesto los platos y Marta ha vuelto a casa.",[462,474],{"id":463,"blankNumber":42,"options":464},"019f7f70-534c-7933-8fd0-6e20415d2bba",[465,468,471],{"id":466,"optionText":467,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-78d7-8fd0-6e203f895a54","ponido",{"id":469,"optionText":470,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-78f7-8fd0-6e203f9f349a","puesto",{"id":472,"optionText":473,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7913-8fd0-6e2040650187","ponesto",{"id":475,"blankNumber":47,"options":476},"019f7f70-534c-79cb-8fd0-6e20434908cb",[477,480,483],{"id":478,"optionText":479,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7973-8fd0-6e20420b4718","volvido",{"id":481,"optionText":482,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7993-8fd0-6e20429d8432","vuelto",{"id":484,"optionText":485,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-79af-8fd0-6e2042cfcf7f","volto",{"id":487,"sentenceTemplate":488,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":489,"exampleSentence":490,"blanks":491},"019f7f70-534c-7b6b-8fd0-6e204814cb0f","Completa los dos últimos participios de la lista: abrir → __1__ y romper → __2__.","Abrir forma abierto y romper forma roto.","El museo ha abierto, pero una ventana se ha roto.",[492,504],{"id":493,"blankNumber":42,"options":494},"019f7f70-534c-7aaf-8fd0-6e20460f5c8e",[495,498,501],{"id":496,"optionText":497,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7a4f-8fd0-6e20449cb2ec","abrido",{"id":499,"optionText":500,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7a6f-8fd0-6e20450b874f","abierto",{"id":502,"optionText":503,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7a93-8fd0-6e2045ad690f","abirto",{"id":505,"blankNumber":47,"options":506},"019f7f70-534c-7b37-8fd0-6e204715ba18",[507,510,513],{"id":508,"optionText":509,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7adf-8fd0-6e2046963cd5","rompido",{"id":511,"optionText":512,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7aff-8fd0-6e2046aa6819","roto",{"id":514,"optionText":515,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7b1f-8fd0-6e2046f6afed","rompo",{"id":517,"sentenceTemplate":518,"displayOrder":106,"explanation":519,"exampleSentence":520,"blanks":521},"019f7f70-534c-7c4b-8fd0-6e204c038001","Las atletas ya han __1__ al estadio; el participio de llegar permanece invariable.","Después de haber, el participio no concuerda con un sujeto femenino plural: han llegado, no han llegadas.","Los músicos han llegado y las cantantes también han llegado.",[522],{"id":523,"blankNumber":42,"options":524},"019f7f70-534c-7c17-8fd0-6e204b13dfc5",[525,528,531],{"id":526,"optionText":527,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7bbf-8fd0-6e2048f0e3fe","llegadas",{"id":529,"optionText":530,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7bdf-8fd0-6e2049c91733","llegados",{"id":532,"optionText":533,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7bfb-8fd0-6e204aa076b8","llegado",{"id":535,"sentenceTemplate":536,"displayOrder":133,"explanation":537,"exampleSentence":538,"blanks":539},"019f7f70-534c-7db7-8fd0-6e204fdcd7dc","En el uso básico, «yo __1__ comido» se forma con el auxiliar __2__, no con tener.","El pretérito perfecto compuesto usa una forma de haber: yo he comido. Tener no funciona como auxiliar en este modelo básico.","Tú has terminado, no «tú tienes terminado» en este uso.",[540,551],{"id":541,"blankNumber":42,"options":542},"019f7f70-534c-7cf7-8fd0-6e204d653b16",[543,546,549],{"id":544,"optionText":545,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7c8f-8fd0-6e204cc61484","tengo",{"id":547,"optionText":548,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7caf-8fd0-6e204d33e93a","soy",{"id":550,"optionText":251,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7cdb-8fd0-6e204d3d288e",{"id":552,"blankNumber":47,"options":553},"019f7f70-534c-7d83-8fd0-6e204f734596",[554,557,560],{"id":555,"optionText":556,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7d2b-8fd0-6e204dd2d2cd","ser",{"id":558,"optionText":559,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7d4b-8fd0-6e204e129753","haber",{"id":561,"optionText":562,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7d67-8fd0-6e204e9ee25b","tener",{"id":564,"sentenceTemplate":565,"displayOrder":33,"explanation":566,"exampleSentence":567,"blanks":568},"019f7f70-534c-7f23-8fd0-6e205334ff35","¿Qué análisis es correcto para «habéis leído»? Auxiliar: __1__; participio: __2__.","Habéis es la forma de haber para vosotros; leído es el participio de leer y conserva la tilde.","En «han abierto», han es el auxiliar y abierto es el participio.",[569,578],{"id":570,"blankNumber":42,"options":571},"019f7f70-534c-7e67-8fd0-6e2051ee982e",[572,574,576],{"id":573,"optionText":559,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7e0b-8fd0-6e204fec3079",{"id":575,"optionText":288,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7e2b-8fd0-6e2050d27fca",{"id":577,"optionText":371,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7e4b-8fd0-6e20510a6f62",{"id":579,"blankNumber":47,"options":580},"019f7f70-534c-7ef3-8fd0-6e205285520d",[581,583,585],{"id":582,"optionText":371,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7e97-8fd0-6e20520a381f",{"id":584,"optionText":127,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7eb7-8fd0-6e2052350b11",{"id":586,"optionText":288,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534c-7ed3-8fd0-6e205254cfb4",{"id":588,"sentenceTemplate":589,"displayOrder":154,"explanation":590,"exampleSentence":591,"blanks":592},"019f7f70-534d-706f-98d5-9d4be30fecac","Elige la única oración bien formada: __1__.","«Hemos comido temprano» usa haber, un participio regular y ninguna concordancia indebida.","La forma correcta es «Ellas han trabajado», con el participio invariable.",[593],{"id":594,"blankNumber":42,"options":595},"019f7f70-534d-703b-98d5-9d4be2e84b2b",[596,599,602],{"id":597,"optionText":598,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-534c-7f77-8fd0-6e2053c1141f","Tenemos comido temprano",{"id":600,"optionText":601,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-534c-7f97-8fd0-6e20549a62fc","Hemos comidas temprano",{"id":603,"optionText":604,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-534d-7017-98d5-9d4be206c6aa","Hemos comido temprano",{"id":215,"grammarPage":208,"title":216,"instructions":217,"displayOrder":42,"type":211,"questions":606,"ogImageUrl":218},[607,625,643,661,679,697,715,733,751,769,787,805],{"id":608,"sentenceTemplate":609,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":610,"exampleSentence":611,"blanks":612},"019f7f70-536d-7624-b322-502a76e224e7","El día todavía no ha terminado. Hoy yo ya (enviar) __1__ tres mensajes.","Siguiendo el modelo frecuente en buena parte de España, hoy es un periodo abierto y usamos he enviado.","Esta mañana he respondido a dos clientes.",[613],{"id":614,"blankNumber":42,"options":615},"019f7f70-536d-75dc-b322-502a7692c655",[616,619,622],{"id":617,"optionText":618,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7544-b322-502a75412c2c","he enviado",{"id":620,"optionText":621,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-758c-b322-502a761b687c","he enviadas",{"id":623,"optionText":624,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-75b8-b322-502a762360f8","tengo enviado",{"id":626,"sentenceTemplate":627,"displayOrder":42,"explanation":628,"exampleSentence":629,"blanks":630},"019f7f70-536d-7710-b322-502a794eb2ce","La semana actual continúa. Esta semana nosotros (tener) __1__ cuatro reuniones.","Con nosotros usamos hemos y el participio regular de tener es tenido: hemos tenido.","Este mes hemos tenido mucho trabajo.",[631],{"id":632,"blankNumber":42,"options":633},"019f7f70-536d-76d8-b322-502a792b2658",[634,637,640],{"id":635,"optionText":636,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7670-b322-502a77a8b77a","hemos tenido",{"id":638,"optionText":639,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7698-b322-502a782c2b4c","han tenido",{"id":641,"optionText":642,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-76b8-b322-502a79206232","hemos teniendo",{"id":644,"sentenceTemplate":645,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":646,"exampleSentence":647,"blanks":648},"019f7f70-536d-77ec-b322-502a7c70ce62","Para preguntar por una experiencia de la vida hasta ahora: «¿Tú (estar) __1__ alguna vez en Chile?»","Con tú usamos has estado; alguna vez presenta una experiencia sin fecha concreta.","¿Has probado alguna vez la comida peruana?",[649],{"id":650,"blankNumber":42,"options":651},"019f7f70-536d-77b8-b322-502a7bd6dbfa",[652,655,658],{"id":653,"optionText":654,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7754-b322-502a795d175f","ha estado",{"id":656,"optionText":657,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7778-b322-502a7a01152e","has estado",{"id":659,"optionText":660,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7798-b322-502a7ae8da4c","has estando",{"id":662,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":664,"exampleSentence":665,"blanks":666},"019f7f70-536d-78c0-b322-502a7fab1452","Hasta este momento de mi vida, yo nunca (probar) __1__ el pulpo.","Nunca aparece normalmente antes del auxiliar: nunca he probado.","Nunca he viajado en barco.",[667],{"id":668,"blankNumber":42,"options":669},"019f7f70-536d-788c-b322-502a7ee9e1a0",[670,673,676],{"id":671,"optionText":672,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7830-b322-502a7d563b92","he probado",{"id":674,"optionText":675,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7850-b322-502a7e11824f","he nunca probado",{"id":677,"optionText":678,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7870-b322-502a7e346471","tengo probado",{"id":680,"sentenceTemplate":681,"displayOrder":78,"explanation":682,"exampleSentence":683,"blanks":684},"019f7f70-536d-79a4-b322-502a81c32057","Ya (nosotros, ver) __1__ esa película, así que elegiremos otra.","Ya se coloca antes del auxiliar y, con nosotros, la forma es ya hemos visto.","Ya hemos leído ese libro; busquemos uno nuevo.",[685],{"id":686,"blankNumber":42,"options":687},"019f7f70-536d-7970-b322-502a81a54497",[688,691,694],{"id":689,"optionText":690,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7904-b322-502a7ffdba64","hemos veído",{"id":692,"optionText":693,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7924-b322-502a80cdfd82","hemos vistos",{"id":695,"optionText":696,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7950-b322-502a8152d93f","hemos visto",{"id":698,"sentenceTemplate":699,"displayOrder":89,"explanation":700,"exampleSentence":701,"blanks":702},"019f7f70-536d-7a7c-b322-502a83e711f0","El plazo termina mañana y ustedes aún tienen tiempo: «Todavía no (terminar) __1__ el informe».","Todavía no va antes de haber; con ustedes usamos han terminado.","Todavía no ha empezado la reunión.",[703],{"id":704,"blankNumber":42,"options":705},"019f7f70-536d-7a48-b322-502a8384763f",[706,709,712],{"id":707,"optionText":708,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-79e8-b322-502a82c1dc03","han no terminado",{"id":710,"optionText":711,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7a08-b322-502a82d87301","han terminados",{"id":713,"optionText":714,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7a28-b322-502a82e74f4c","han terminado",{"id":716,"sentenceTemplate":717,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":718,"exampleSentence":719,"blanks":720},"019f7f70-536d-7b50-b322-502a85ed3333","Ahora no puedo entrar porque (yo, perder) __1__ las llaves.","He perdido expresa una acción anterior con un resultado presente: ahora no tengo las llaves.","El suelo está mojado porque se ha roto una tubería.",[721],{"id":722,"blankNumber":42,"options":723},"019f7f70-536d-7b1c-b322-502a858251ef",[724,727,730],{"id":725,"optionText":726,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7ac0-b322-502a841c97a6","he perdido",{"id":728,"optionText":729,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7ae0-b322-502a842566ba","he perdidas",{"id":731,"optionText":732,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7b00-b322-502a84b41624","soy perdido",{"id":734,"sentenceTemplate":735,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":736,"exampleSentence":737,"blanks":738},"019f7f70-536d-7c20-b322-502a883fa59e","La película está disponible, pero yo ya __1__; sustituye «la película» por «la».","El pronombre va antes del auxiliar: ya la he visto.","Ese mensaje ya lo hemos leído.",[739],{"id":740,"blankNumber":42,"options":741},"019f7f70-536d-7bec-b322-502a879a3b11",[742,745,748],{"id":743,"optionText":744,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7b90-b322-502a85fb4cd1","he la visto",{"id":746,"optionText":747,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7bb4-b322-502a86981030","la he visto",{"id":749,"optionText":750,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7bd0-b322-502a87743150","he visto la",{"id":752,"sentenceTemplate":753,"displayOrder":106,"explanation":754,"exampleSentence":755,"blanks":756},"019f7f70-536d-7d04-b322-502a8bd7d8de","Son las tres de la tarde y sigo sin almorzar. La negación correcta es: «__1__».","No se coloca antes del auxiliar: no he comido. No puede ir entre he y comido.","No hemos recibido la respuesta todavía.",[757],{"id":758,"blankNumber":42,"options":759},"019f7f70-536d-7ccc-b322-502a8b111479",[760,763,766],{"id":761,"optionText":762,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7c64-b322-502a891b0545","He no comido",{"id":764,"optionText":765,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7c84-b322-502a897bce25","No he comido",{"id":767,"optionText":768,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7ca4-b322-502a8a6c7bfd","He comido no",{"id":770,"sentenceTemplate":771,"displayOrder":133,"explanation":772,"exampleSentence":773,"blanks":774},"019f7f70-536d-7dd8-b322-502a8f030ce7","El vaso está ahora en el suelo hecho pedazos. Para expresar el resultado presente decimos: «El vaso __1__».","El pronombre se va antes del auxiliar y romper tiene el participio irregular roto: se ha roto.","La puerta está abierta porque Marta la ha abierto.",[775],{"id":776,"blankNumber":42,"options":777},"019f7f70-536d-7da0-b322-502a8ee6afc4",[778,781,784],{"id":779,"optionText":780,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7d44-b322-502a8c921a15","ha se roto",{"id":782,"optionText":783,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7d68-b322-502a8d754ffc","se ha rompido",{"id":785,"optionText":786,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7d84-b322-502a8e50d3cc","se ha roto",{"id":788,"sentenceTemplate":789,"displayOrder":33,"explanation":790,"exampleSentence":791,"blanks":792},"019f7f70-536d-7ea8-b322-502a90f4d681","Según la nota regional de la lección, para una acción de hoy pueden ser correctas __1__.","En buena parte de España es frecuente «hoy he comido»; en muchas zonas de América también se usa «hoy comí». La variedad determina la preferencia.","Un curso puede enseñar «esta mañana he llamado» o preferir «esta mañana llamé» según su modelo regional.",[793],{"id":794,"blankNumber":42,"options":795},"019f7f70-536d-7e74-b322-502a901925ca",[796,799,802],{"id":797,"optionText":798,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7e18-b322-502a8f6d53b2","solo «hoy he comido» en todo el mundo",{"id":800,"optionText":801,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7e38-b322-502a8fd40a0f","«Hoy he comido» y «hoy comí»",{"id":803,"optionText":804,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7e58-b322-502a8fe9f3e2","solo «hoy comí» en todo el mundo",{"id":806,"sentenceTemplate":807,"displayOrder":154,"explanation":808,"exampleSentence":809,"blanks":810},"019f7f70-536e-706e-8939-11effaa50c63","Siguiendo el contraste frecuente en buena parte de España, completa: «Hoy (hablar, yo) __1__ con Ana; ayer (hablar, yo) __2__ con Luis».","Hoy pertenece al periodo abierto y favorece he hablado; ayer es un periodo cerrado y favorece hablé en este modelo regional.","Esta semana he trabajado mucho, pero la semana pasada descansé.",[811,823],{"id":812,"blankNumber":42,"options":813},"019f7f70-536d-7f44-b322-502a92afb097",[814,817,820],{"id":815,"optionText":816,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7ee8-b322-502a90fa9378","hablé",{"id":818,"optionText":819,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7f08-b322-502a91c3a41f","he hablado",{"id":821,"optionText":822,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536d-7f24-b322-502a92991cbc","he hablando",{"id":824,"blankNumber":47,"options":825},"019f7f70-536e-703a-8939-11effa4675b5",[826,828,831],{"id":827,"optionText":819,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-536d-7f74-b322-502a937bc4c9",{"id":829,"optionText":830,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019f7f70-536d-7f94-b322-502a944dd270","hablaba",{"id":832,"optionText":816,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":47},"019f7f70-536e-7012-8939-11eff9e4065b",{"id":221,"grammarPage":208,"title":222,"instructions":223,"displayOrder":47,"type":224,"questions":834,"ogImageUrl":225},[835,849,864,878,892,906,920,934,948,962],{"id":836,"sentenceTemplate":837,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":838,"exampleSentence":839,"blanks":840},"019fc2c5-5e85-71ab-a257-23895f57053c","Confirma una tarea ya completada. Orden sujeto + auxiliar + participio + objeto: __1__","Con «yo» usamos «he» y después el participio regular «preparado»; no usamos «tener» como auxiliar.","Yo he trabajado mucho esta mañana.",[841],{"id":842,"blankNumber":42,"options":843},"019fc2c5-5e85-7123-a257-23895f283433",[844,847],{"id":845,"optionText":846,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-7063-a257-23895e216a60","Yo he preparado la cena.",{"id":848,"optionText":545,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-70d7-a257-23895e60cbc6",{"id":850,"sentenceTemplate":851,"displayOrder":42,"explanation":852,"exampleSentence":853,"blanks":854},"019fc2c5-5e85-7327-a257-238961fdb76a","Describe el progreso de una persona. Orden sujeto + auxiliar + participio + cantidad + tiempo: __1__","Con «tú» usamos «has»; el participio de «aprender» es «aprendido».","Tú has practicado bastante esta semana.",[855],{"id":856,"blankNumber":42,"options":857},"019fc2c5-5e85-72bb-a257-23896130b283",[858,861],{"id":859,"optionText":860,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-7233-a257-2389602b3572","aprendiendo",{"id":862,"optionText":863,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-727b-a257-23896036988b","Tú has aprendido mucho este mes.",{"id":865,"sentenceTemplate":866,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":867,"exampleSentence":868,"blanks":869},"019fc2c5-5e85-74bb-a257-238963823e4d","Cuenta una lectura compartida. Orden sujeto + auxiliar + participio con tilde + objeto: __1__","Con «nosotros» usamos «hemos»; «leído» lleva tilde para separar las vocales.","Nosotros hemos oído todas las canciones.",[870],{"id":871,"blankNumber":42,"options":872},"019fc2c5-5e85-7433-a257-2389633f6d9d",[873,876],{"id":874,"optionText":875,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-73ab-a257-2389625a7de4","Nosotros hemos leído dos novelas.",{"id":877,"optionText":365,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-73ef-a257-238962af293e",{"id":879,"sentenceTemplate":880,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":881,"exampleSentence":882,"blanks":883},"019fc2c5-5e85-7637-a257-238966226ab2","Cuenta que una persona percibió un sonido. Orden sujeto + auxiliar + participio con tilde + objeto: __1__","Con «ella» usamos «ha»; el participio de «oír» es «oído», con tilde.","Marcos ha traído una silla.",[884],{"id":885,"blankNumber":42,"options":886},"019fc2c5-5e85-75cb-a257-238965b290e8",[887,889],{"id":888,"optionText":380,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-7547-a257-23896443f407",{"id":890,"optionText":891,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-758b-a257-2389652b16eb","Ella ha oído un ruido extraño.",{"id":893,"sentenceTemplate":894,"displayOrder":78,"explanation":895,"exampleSentence":896,"blanks":897},"019fc2c5-5e85-77bf-a257-238968f97fb9","Presenta dos tareas ya completadas. Orden sujeto + primer perfecto + objeto + y + segundo perfecto + objeto: __1__","Los participios irregulares son «hecho» y «puesto»: «ha hecho» y «ha puesto».","Laura ha hecho el café y ha puesto las tazas.",[898],{"id":899,"blankNumber":42,"options":900},"019fc2c5-5e85-7753-a257-238968796374",[901,904],{"id":902,"optionText":903,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-76bb-a257-23896717eb2d","Lucía ha hecho la compra y después ha puesto la mesa.",{"id":905,"optionText":407,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-7713-a257-2389678ee542",{"id":907,"sentenceTemplate":908,"displayOrder":89,"explanation":909,"exampleSentence":910,"blanks":911},"019fc2c5-5e85-7933-a257-23896995b69c","Cuenta dos acciones comunicativas. Orden sujeto + primer perfecto + objeto + y + segundo perfecto + objeto: __1__","«Decir» forma «dicho» y «escribir» forma «escrito»; ambos van después de «ha».","Elena ha dicho su opinión y ha escrito una nota.",[912],{"id":913,"blankNumber":42,"options":914},"019fc2c5-5e85-78cb-a257-238969501ab5",[915,917],{"id":916,"optionText":419,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-783f-a257-238968fa3b92",{"id":918,"optionText":919,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-7883-a257-23896904ec33","Pablo ha dicho la verdad y luego ha escrito una carta.",{"id":921,"sentenceTemplate":922,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":923,"exampleSentence":924,"blanks":925},"019fc2c5-5e85-7aa7-a257-23896bef029b","Cuenta dos acciones de un grupo. Orden sujeto + primer perfecto + objeto + y + segundo perfecto + objeto: __1__","Con «ustedes» usamos «han»; los participios irregulares son «visto» y «abierto».","Ustedes han visto el jardín y han abierto las ventanas.",[926],{"id":927,"blankNumber":42,"options":928},"019fc2c5-5e85-7a3b-a257-23896b576e60",[929,932],{"id":930,"optionText":931,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-79b3-a257-23896a41aca3","Ustedes han visto el aviso y solo después han abierto la puerta.",{"id":933,"optionText":497,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-79fb-a257-23896ae662e7",{"id":935,"sentenceTemplate":936,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":937,"exampleSentence":938,"blanks":939},"019fc2c5-5e85-7c13-a257-23896e6512f4","Relaciona un regreso con un problema actual. Orden sujeto + perfecto + tiempo + porque + perfecto pronominal + sujeto: __1__","«Volver» forma «vuelto» y «romper» forma «roto»; el pronombre «se» va antes de «ha».","Luis ha vuelto pronto porque se ha roto una ventana.",[940],{"id":941,"blankNumber":42,"options":942},"019fc2c5-5e85-7bab-a257-23896daf9c81",[943,945],{"id":944,"optionText":509,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-7b27-a257-23896ccde5ee",{"id":946,"optionText":947,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-7b6b-a257-23896cf98873","Ana ha vuelto temprano porque se ha roto una tubería.",{"id":949,"sentenceTemplate":950,"displayOrder":106,"explanation":951,"exampleSentence":952,"blanks":953},"019fc2c5-5e85-7d83-a257-238970e9118b","Confirma la llegada de un grupo femenino. Orden sujeto + auxiliar + participio + lugar: __1__","Después de «han», el participio no concuerda con el sujeto: decimos «han llegado», no «han llegadas».","Las cantantes han llegado al teatro.",[954],{"id":955,"blankNumber":42,"options":956},"019fc2c5-5e85-7d1b-a257-2389708e026f",[957,960],{"id":958,"optionText":959,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-7c93-a257-23896f1d5b2b","Las atletas han llegado al estadio.",{"id":961,"optionText":527,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-7cdb-a257-23896fb604f6",{"id":963,"sentenceTemplate":964,"displayOrder":133,"explanation":965,"exampleSentence":966,"blanks":967},"019fc2c5-5e85-7f03-a257-23897268f282","Confirma una tarea de un grupo femenino. Orden sujeto + auxiliar de vosotras + participio + objeto: __1__","Con «vosotras» usamos «habéis», no «habemos»; después añadimos el participio «terminado».","Vosotras habéis preparado la presentación.",[968],{"id":969,"blankNumber":42,"options":970},"019fc2c5-5e85-7e97-a257-23897225b7ea",[971,974],{"id":972,"optionText":973,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5e85-7e03-a257-2389717ae51f","habemos",{"id":975,"optionText":976,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5e85-7e47-a257-238971e89417","Vosotras habéis terminado el trabajo.",{"id":228,"grammarPage":208,"title":229,"instructions":223,"displayOrder":26,"type":224,"questions":978,"ogImageUrl":230},[979,994,1008,1023,1037,1052,1067,1082,1096,1110],{"id":980,"sentenceTemplate":981,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":982,"exampleSentence":983,"blanks":984},"019fc2c5-5ea9-700d-b90e-833b459acdc5","Siguiendo el modelo frecuente en buena parte de España, hoy es un día todavía abierto. Responde que ya has enviado dos mensajes: __1__","El día de hoy incluye el presente en este modelo regional; la raya unida a «—Ya» fija el inicio de la respuesta y «he enviado» expresa una acción ya completada.","Hoy ya he respondido cuatro correos.",[985],{"id":986,"blankNumber":42,"options":987},"019fc2c5-5ea8-7f44-b237-54b1d7b99090",[988,991],{"id":989,"optionText":990,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea8-7ea8-b237-54b1d67d52f9","—Ya he enviado dos mensajes.",{"id":992,"optionText":993,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea8-7f10-b237-54b1d6d9fbde","enviando",{"id":995,"sentenceTemplate":996,"displayOrder":42,"explanation":997,"exampleSentence":629,"blanks":998},"019fc2c5-5ea9-70ed-b90e-833b481b8c01","Resume un periodo semanal que continúa. Orden tiempo + auxiliar + participio + cantidad + objeto: __1__","«Esta semana» es un periodo todavía abierto; con «nosotros» usamos «hemos tenido».",[999],{"id":1000,"blankNumber":42,"options":1001},"019fc2c5-5ea9-70b1-b90e-833b47655659",[1002,1005],{"id":1003,"optionText":1004,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7069-b90e-833b464b418a","teniendo",{"id":1006,"optionText":1007,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7091-b90e-833b466645f9","Esta semana hemos tenido tres reuniones.",{"id":1009,"sentenceTemplate":1010,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":1011,"exampleSentence":1012,"blanks":1013},"019fc2c5-5ea9-71ad-b90e-833b4a771ac0","Pregunta por una experiencia sin fecha concreta. Orden auxiliar + participio + lugar + alguna vez: __1__","La pregunta empieza con «has visitado» y «alguna vez» aparece después del participio.","¿Has probado comida japonesa alguna vez?",[1014],{"id":1015,"blankNumber":42,"options":1016},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7175-b90e-833b4991ffb1",[1017,1020],{"id":1018,"optionText":1019,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7131-b90e-833b48a017c8","¿Has visitado Colombia alguna vez?",{"id":1021,"optionText":1022,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7155-b90e-833b491521e0","visitaste",{"id":1024,"sentenceTemplate":1025,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":1026,"exampleSentence":665,"blanks":1027},"019fc2c5-5ea9-726d-b90e-833b4c67bfe8","Niega una experiencia hasta ahora. Orden nunca + auxiliar + participio + objeto: __1__","«Nunca» se coloca antes de «he probado» para negar la experiencia.",[1028],{"id":1029,"blankNumber":42,"options":1030},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7235-b90e-833b4bf66bb9",[1031,1034],{"id":1032,"optionText":1033,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea9-71f1-b90e-833b4b129552","probé",{"id":1035,"optionText":1036,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7215-b90e-833b4b6305d7","Nunca he probado el pulpo.",{"id":1038,"sentenceTemplate":1039,"displayOrder":78,"explanation":1040,"exampleSentence":1041,"blanks":1042},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7329-b90e-833b4ee229f0","Indica que una experiencia ya está completada. Orden ya + auxiliar + participio + objeto: __1__","«Ya» aparece antes del auxiliar; el participio irregular de «ver» es «visto».","Ya hemos leído ese libro.",[1043],{"id":1044,"blankNumber":42,"options":1045},"019fc2c5-5ea9-72f5-b90e-833b4ebd4279",[1046,1049],{"id":1047,"optionText":1048,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea9-72b1-b90e-833b4d124b3d","Ya hemos visto esa película.",{"id":1050,"optionText":1051,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea9-72d5-b90e-833b4e013b86","visteis",{"id":1053,"sentenceTemplate":1054,"displayOrder":89,"explanation":1055,"exampleSentence":1056,"blanks":1057},"019fc2c5-5ea9-73f9-b90e-833b514d329d","Indica que una tarea sigue pendiente. Orden todavía no + auxiliar + participio + objeto: __1__","«Todavía no» va antes de «han terminado» y presenta una situación pendiente.","Todavía no ha empezado la clase.",[1058],{"id":1059,"blankNumber":42,"options":1060},"019fc2c5-5ea9-73c1-b90e-833b50cc744e",[1061,1064],{"id":1062,"optionText":1063,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea9-736d-b90e-833b4f3cba0f","terminadas",{"id":1065,"optionText":1066,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea9-739d-b90e-833b5021e44f","Todavía no han terminado el informe.",{"id":1068,"sentenceTemplate":1069,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":1070,"exampleSentence":1071,"blanks":1072},"019fc2c5-5ea9-74d9-b90e-833b53348b9c","Explica un resultado importante ahora. Orden situación presente + porque + auxiliar + participio + objeto: __1__","La pérdida ocurrió antes, pero el resultado continúa: ahora no tengo las llaves.","Ahora no podemos entrar porque Marta ha cerrado la puerta.",[1073],{"id":1074,"blankNumber":42,"options":1075},"019fc2c5-5ea9-747d-b90e-833b52977a36",[1076,1079],{"id":1077,"optionText":1078,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea9-743d-b90e-833b51badebc","Ahora no puedo entrar porque he perdido las llaves.",{"id":1080,"optionText":1081,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea9-745d-b90e-833b52104871","perdidas",{"id":1083,"sentenceTemplate":1084,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":1085,"exampleSentence":737,"blanks":1086},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7595-b90e-833b562535e8","Retoma «la película» con el pronombre femenino. Orden antecedente + dos puntos + ya + pronombre + auxiliar + participio: __1__","El antecedente «la película» exige «la». Tras los dos puntos, «ya» abre la oración y el pronombre va antes de «he visto», no entre el auxiliar y el participio.",[1087],{"id":1088,"blankNumber":42,"options":1089},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7561-b90e-833b555d8d1f",[1090,1093],{"id":1091,"optionText":1092,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7521-b90e-833b537afcd1","lo",{"id":1094,"optionText":1095,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7545-b90e-833b54668242","La película: ya la he visto.",{"id":1097,"sentenceTemplate":1098,"displayOrder":106,"explanation":1099,"exampleSentence":755,"blanks":1100},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7651-b90e-833b577b5030","Niega una acción hasta este momento. Orden no + auxiliar + participio + todavía: __1__","«No» va antes de «he comido»; nunca se coloca entre el auxiliar y el participio.",[1101],{"id":1102,"blankNumber":42,"options":1103},"019fc2c5-5ea9-761d-b90e-833b576627eb",[1104,1107],{"id":1105,"optionText":1106,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea9-75dd-b90e-833b562ce6dc","No he comido todavía.",{"id":1108,"optionText":1109,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7601-b90e-833b56b86469","comí",{"id":1111,"sentenceTemplate":1112,"displayOrder":133,"explanation":1113,"exampleSentence":1114,"blanks":1115},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7705-b90e-833b59314700","Confirma una conversación ya realizada con el orden ya + auxiliar + participio + complemento + tiempo: __1__","En este modelo, «ya» abre la oración; «has hablado» combina el auxiliar has con el participio hablado y presenta una acción reciente ya realizada.","Ya has enviado el informe esta mañana.",[1116],{"id":1117,"blankNumber":42,"options":1118},"019fc2c5-5ea9-76d1-b90e-833b592f3185",[1119,1122],{"id":1120,"optionText":1121,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-5ea9-7691-b90e-833b57cb7615","hablaste",{"id":1123,"optionText":1124,"isCorrect":41,"displayOrder":42},"019fc2c5-5ea9-76b5-b90e-833b58a106fe","Ya has hablado con Ana esta mañana.",{"id":233,"grammarPage":208,"title":234,"instructions":235,"displayOrder":78,"type":236,"questions":1126},[1127,1143,1157,1172,1186,1202,1219,1233,1251,1267,1281,1297],{"id":1128,"sentenceTemplate":1129,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":1130,"exampleSentence":1131,"blanks":1132,"payload":1133},"01a01414-1d15-7bbd-ab2a-830a9396f040","Hoy yo has enviado tres mensajes al equipo.","El perfecto compuesto usa el auxiliar «haber» conjugado; con «yo», la forma es «he».","Hoy yo he enviado tres mensajes al equipo.",[],{"words":1134,"correct":251,"wrongIndex":47,"corrections":1142},[1135,1136,254,1137,1138,1139,1140,1141],"Hoy","yo","enviado","tres","mensajes","al","equipo.",[251,257,291],{"id":1144,"sentenceTemplate":1145,"displayOrder":42,"explanation":1146,"exampleSentence":1147,"blanks":1148,"payload":1149},"01a01414-1d15-7c21-ab2a-830a94020750","¿Tú ha practicado buceo alguna vez?","Para preguntar por una experiencia de «tú», usamos «has» antes del participio.","¿Tú has practicado buceo alguna vez?",[],{"words":1150,"correct":254,"wrongIndex":42,"corrections":1156},[1151,257,1152,1153,1154,1155],"¿Tú","practicado","buceo","alguna","vez?",[254,251,272],{"id":1158,"sentenceTemplate":1159,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":1160,"exampleSentence":1161,"blanks":1162,"payload":1163},"01a01414-1d15-7c65-ab2a-830a9495b6f9","Esta mañana, Laura han preparado la presentación.","Laura es tercera persona singular, por eso el auxiliar correcto es «ha».","Esta mañana, Laura ha preparado la presentación.",[],{"words":1164,"correct":257,"wrongIndex":26,"corrections":1171},[1165,1166,1167,272,1168,1169,1170],"Esta","mañana,","Laura","preparado","la","presentación.",[257,251,291],{"id":1173,"sentenceTemplate":1174,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":1175,"exampleSentence":1176,"blanks":1177,"payload":1178},"01a01414-1d15-7c9d-ab2a-830a94b893a5","Esta semana, nosotros habéis tenido cuatro reuniones.","Con «nosotros», el presente de «haber» que forma el perfecto es «hemos».","Esta semana, nosotros hemos tenido cuatro reuniones.",[],{"words":1179,"correct":291,"wrongIndex":26,"corrections":1185},[1165,1180,1181,288,1182,1183,1184],"semana,","nosotros","tenido","cuatro","reuniones.",[291,272,257],{"id":1187,"sentenceTemplate":1188,"displayOrder":78,"explanation":1189,"exampleSentence":1190,"blanks":1191,"payload":1192},"01a01414-1d15-7cd1-ab2a-830a958883d5","Compañeras, el informe ya le habéis terminado.","«El informe» se retoma con «lo», y el pronombre se coloca antes del auxiliar: «ya lo habéis terminado».","Compañeras, el informe ya lo habéis terminado.",[],{"words":1193,"correct":1092,"wrongIndex":78,"corrections":1200},[1194,1195,1196,1197,1198,288,1199],"Compañeras,","el","informe","ya","le","terminado.",[1092,1169,1201],"los",{"id":1203,"sentenceTemplate":1204,"displayOrder":89,"explanation":1205,"exampleSentence":1206,"blanks":1207,"payload":1208},"01a01414-1d15-7d05-ab2a-830a965f77af","Este año, las atletas nunca ha viajado a México.","«Nunca» va antes del auxiliar y el sujeto plural «las atletas» exige «han»: «nunca han viajado».","Este año, las atletas nunca han viajado a México.",[],{"words":1209,"correct":272,"wrongIndex":89,"corrections":1218},[1210,1211,1212,1213,1214,257,1215,1216,1217],"Este","año,","las","atletas","nunca","viajado","a","México.",[272,291,288],{"id":1220,"sentenceTemplate":1221,"displayOrder":100,"explanation":1222,"exampleSentence":1223,"blanks":1224,"payload":1225},"01a01414-1d15-7d39-ab2a-830a96d85435","Este mes, nosotros hemos leyendo dos novelas.","Después de «hemos» necesitamos el participio «leído», con tilde, no una forma de gerundio.","Este mes, nosotros hemos leído dos novelas.",[],{"words":1226,"correct":371,"wrongIndex":78,"corrections":1231},[1210,1227,1181,291,1228,1229,1230],"mes,","leyendo","dos","novelas.",[371,127,1232],"leída",{"id":1234,"sentenceTemplate":1235,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":1236,"exampleSentence":1237,"blanks":1238,"payload":1239},"01a01414-1d15-7d69-ab2a-830a9721484d","Ella ha oyó un ruido extraño esta mañana.","Después del auxiliar «ha» usamos el participio «oído», que lleva tilde.","Ella ha oído un ruido extraño esta mañana.",[],{"words":1240,"correct":377,"wrongIndex":47,"corrections":1248},[1241,257,1242,1243,1244,1245,1246,1247],"Ella","oyó","un","ruido","extraño","esta","mañana.",[377,1249,1250],"oír","oyendo",{"id":1252,"sentenceTemplate":1253,"displayOrder":106,"explanation":1254,"exampleSentence":1255,"blanks":1256,"payload":1257},"01a01414-1d15-7d9d-ab2a-830a97afd9cb","Elena ha escrita una nota y la ha enviado.","El participio irregular de «escribir» es «escrito» y no concuerda con Elena después de «haber».","Elena ha escrito una nota y la ha enviado.",[],{"words":1258,"correct":452,"wrongIndex":47,"corrections":1265},[1259,257,1260,1261,1262,1263,1169,257,1264],"Elena","escrita","una","nota","y","enviado.",[452,449,1266],"escribiendo",{"id":1268,"sentenceTemplate":1269,"displayOrder":133,"explanation":1270,"exampleSentence":1271,"blanks":1272,"payload":1273},"01a01414-1d15-7dd1-ab2a-830a97c68b3d","Las atletas han llegadas al estadio esta tarde.","Después de «han», el participio permanece invariable: «han llegado».","Las atletas han llegado al estadio esta tarde.",[],{"words":1274,"correct":533,"wrongIndex":26,"corrections":1278},[1275,1213,272,527,1140,1276,1246,1277],"Las","estadio","tarde.",[533,1279,1280],"llegar","llegando",{"id":1282,"sentenceTemplate":1283,"displayOrder":33,"explanation":1284,"exampleSentence":1285,"blanks":1286,"payload":1287},"01a01414-1d15-7e15-ab2a-830a97f762ad","Ana ha volvió temprano porque ha terminado el trabajo.","El perfecto necesita el participio irregular «vuelto» después del auxiliar «ha».","Ana ha vuelto temprano porque ha terminado el trabajo.",[],{"words":1288,"correct":482,"wrongIndex":47,"corrections":1295},[1289,257,1290,1291,1292,257,1293,1195,1294],"Ana","volvió","temprano","porque","terminado","trabajo.",[482,479,1296],"volviendo",{"id":1298,"sentenceTemplate":1299,"displayOrder":154,"explanation":1300,"exampleSentence":1301,"blanks":1302,"payload":1303},"01a01414-1d15-7e49-ab2a-830a98d6adb2","El vaso se ha rompió y ahora no podemos usarlo.","El resultado presente se expresa con «se ha roto»; «roto» es el participio irregular de «romper».","El vaso se ha roto y ahora no podemos usarlo.",[],{"words":1304,"correct":512,"wrongIndex":78,"corrections":1313},[1305,1306,1307,257,1308,1263,1309,1310,1311,1312],"El","vaso","se","rompió","ahora","no","podemos","usarlo.",[512,509,1314],"rompiendo",{"id":14,"name":15,"slug":201,"language":9,"level":10,"introduction":1316,"lessonCount":78,"totalExercises":18,"objectives":1317,"prerequisites":1321,"lessons":1323},"Este itinerario organiza contrastes y referencias temporales del pasado en una progresión práctica. Empieza con «Pretérito imperfecto: formas y usos principales», avanza por «Pretérito perfecto compuesto» y culmina con «Expresar tiempo pasado con hace», de modo que cada lección prepara la siguiente y enlaza con su práctica.",[1318,1319,1320],"Comprender y aplicar pretérito imperfecto: formas y usos principales.","Relacionar los contrastes centrales del recorrido, desde «Pretérito imperfecto: formas y usos principales» hasta «Expresar tiempo pasado con hace».","Practicar expresar tiempo pasado con hace con criterios de forma, significado y contexto.",[1322],"Dominar las estructuras esenciales de A1 relacionadas con este contenido.",[1324,1346,1368,1377],{"id":1325,"contentId":1326,"slug":1327,"title":1328,"level":10,"summary":1329,"order":42,"exercises":1330},"019f7f70-306d-7716-aae2-24a1ca422bd0","pg_019f76ef-8d1c-7cb3-b85e-5526872c7db3","preterito-imperfecto-formas-y-usos-principales","Pretérito imperfecto: formas y usos principales","Explica pretérito imperfecto: formas y usos principales mediante verbos regulares en -ar y verbos regulares en -er e -ir. Abre la secuencia y fija la base para las lecciones siguientes.",[1331,1334,1337,1340,1343],{"id":1332,"title":1333,"order":17,"type":211},"019f7f70-51fa-752b-b01c-4ef2dd3911a5","Formas y tildes del imperfecto",{"id":1335,"title":1336,"order":42,"type":211},"019f7f70-5226-7d7a-b992-d452c1fc0c9c","Recuerdos y escenas del pasado",{"id":1338,"title":1339,"order":47,"type":224},"019faa5f-ef9b-71ff-bb77-56fa71f7b155","Construye formas del imperfecto",{"id":1341,"title":1342,"order":26,"type":224},"019faa5f-efaa-74bc-bef4-77268521c694","Construye hábitos y escenas",{"id":1344,"title":1345,"order":78,"type":236},"01a01414-19c0-7938-8fa1-aff2fecf120b","Corrige recuerdos y escenas",{"id":1347,"contentId":1348,"slug":1349,"title":1350,"level":10,"summary":1351,"order":47,"exercises":1352},"019f7f70-3077-758d-911e-e73b30017c11","pg_019f76ef-8f07-735f-b230-2ff08c7308ea","preterito-indefinido-e-imperfecto-introduccion","Pretérito indefinido e imperfecto: introducción","Explica pretérito indefinido e imperfecto: introducción mediante dos maneras de mirar el pasado y acción completa o hábito. Amplía la secuencia con un contraste o uso necesario antes de avanzar.",[1353,1356,1359,1362,1365],{"id":1354,"title":1355,"order":17,"type":211},"019f7f70-5279-7aea-88a7-b9298802035f","Límites, hábitos y fondo",{"id":1357,"title":1358,"order":42,"type":211},"019f7f70-5299-7804-8c3b-e26b3e577b55","Relatos y decisiones",{"id":1360,"title":1361,"order":47,"type":224},"019faa5f-f0af-75cb-a238-2e986cd48503","Construye eventos, hábitos y fondo",{"id":1363,"title":1364,"order":26,"type":224},"019faa5f-f0c0-77fd-9da3-af4e80514556","Construye cambios de perspectiva",{"id":1366,"title":1367,"order":78,"type":236},"01a01414-1aed-7e96-8ce5-bf1edc024c7f","Corrige el fondo y los eventos",{"id":4,"contentId":1369,"slug":6,"title":5,"level":10,"summary":1370,"order":26,"exercises":1371},"pg_019f76ef-8ea9-720b-9f60-429d74b6acf1","Explica pretérito perfecto compuesto mediante el auxiliar haber y participios regulares. Amplía la secuencia con un contraste o uso necesario antes de avanzar.",[1372,1373,1374,1375,1376],{"id":207,"title":209,"order":17,"type":211},{"id":215,"title":216,"order":42,"type":211},{"id":221,"title":222,"order":47,"type":224},{"id":228,"title":229,"order":26,"type":224},{"id":233,"title":234,"order":78,"type":236},{"id":1378,"contentId":1379,"slug":1380,"title":1381,"level":10,"summary":1382,"order":78,"exercises":1383},"019f7f70-2ec2-7b33-9b84-1224c85fca7d","pg_019f76ef-8e30-762a-8a1a-5e1180caccfe","expresar-tiempo-pasado-con-hace","Expresar tiempo pasado con hace","Explica expresar tiempo pasado con hace mediante una acción terminada: hace + tiempo y hace... que para un hecho pasado. Cierra el recorrido integrando y afinando lo aprendido.",[1384,1387,1390,1393,1396],{"id":1385,"title":1386,"order":17,"type":211},"019f7f70-3ed4-7345-9efe-73b4b1bc5bd1","Hechos y situaciones hasta hoy",{"id":1388,"title":1389,"order":42,"type":211},"019f7f70-3ee9-71d0-bb8b-29bdd23e5edb","Preguntas y contrastes de tiempo",{"id":1391,"title":1392,"order":47,"type":224},"019faa5f-cc03-79bb-a96c-836b5638bb12","Construye hechos y situaciones vigentes",{"id":1394,"title":1395,"order":26,"type":224},"019faa5f-cc14-769c-8d6c-c785fe5b2d84","Construye preguntas y contrastes de tiempo",{"id":1397,"title":1398,"order":78,"type":236},"01a01413-e5ab-7559-95f4-74b02c006e39","Corrige las expresiones con hace"]