[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-es-pronombres-personales-de-sujeto":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-019f7f70-30ae-7eb1-860b-e1b82167619a":162,"grammar-exercise-workloads-019f7f70-30ae-7eb1-860b-e1b82167619a":196,"exercise-list-path-es-pronombres-personales-y-reflexivos-a1":1077},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":159,"readyImages":161},"019f7f70-30ae-7eb1-860b-e1b82167619a","Pronombres personales de sujeto","pronombres-personales-de-sujeto","Los pronombres personales de sujeto (yo, tú, él, nosotros...) indican quién realiza la acción y en español suelen omitirse porque el verbo ya lo indica.","Los **pronombres personales de sujeto** indican quién realiza la acción o de quién hablamos: **yo, tú, ella, nosotros**. En español muchas veces se pueden omitir porque la forma del verbo ya identifica a la persona.\n\nAl terminar esta lección, podrás:\n\n- reconocer los pronombres de sujeto;\n- elegir entre formas informales y formales;\n- decidir cuándo expresar u omitir el pronombre.\n\n## 1. Las personas del singular\n\n| Persona | Pronombre | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| quien habla | **yo** | **Yo** vivo en Quito. |\n| la persona que escucha, informal | **tú** | **Tú** estudias español. |\n| otra persona masculina | **él** | **Él** trabaja aquí. |\n| otra persona femenina | **ella** | **Ella** trabaja aquí. |\n| la persona que escucha, formal | **usted** | **Usted** habla muy bien. |\n\n**Usted** se dirige a la persona que escucha, pero usa la misma forma verbal que **él** y **ella**: *usted habla*, no *usted hablas*.\n\n:::warning\nEl pronombre **tú** lleva tilde. **Tu** sin tilde es posesivo: *tú estudias* \u002F *tu libro*.\n:::\n\n## 2. Las personas del plural\n\n| Persona | Pronombre | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| grupo que incluye a quien habla | **nosotros \u002F nosotras** | **Nosotras** vivimos aquí. |\n| grupo que escucha, informal en España | **vosotros \u002F vosotras** | **Vosotros** estudiáis mucho. |\n| otras personas | **ellos \u002F ellas** | **Ellas** son amigas. |\n| grupo que escucha | **ustedes** | **Ustedes** hablan español. |\n\nUsamos la forma femenina cuando todas las personas nombradas son femeninas: *nosotras, vosotras, ellas*. En un grupo mixto, la forma tradicional general es *nosotros, vosotros, ellos*.\n\n:::example\n- Ana y yo → **nosotras**;\n- Pablo y yo → **nosotros**;\n- Ana y Marta → **ellas**;\n- Pablo y Luis → **ellos**.\n:::\n\n## 3. Tú, usted, vosotros y ustedes\n\nLa elección depende de la relación y de la región.\n\n| Pronombre | Uso básico |\n| --- | --- |\n| **tú** | una persona, trato informal |\n| **usted** | una persona, trato formal o respetuoso |\n| **vosotros\u002Fas** | varias personas, trato informal principalmente en España |\n| **ustedes** | varias personas en toda América; trato formal en España |\n\n:::note\nEn varios países de América se usa **vos** en lugar de **tú** en situaciones informales. Sus formas verbales se estudian como una variedad regional; reconoce ambas formas y sigue el modelo de tu curso.\n:::\n\n:::tip\nSi no sabes si usar **tú** o **usted**, escucha cómo se dirige la otra persona o pregunta: *¿Podemos tutearnos?*\n:::\n\n## 4. El pronombre puede omitirse\n\nLas terminaciones verbales suelen mostrar la persona. Por eso el pronombre no es obligatorio en cada oración.\n\n| Con pronombre | Sin pronombre | Persona indicada por el verbo |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Yo hablo español. | **Hablo** español. | yo |\n| Tú vives aquí. | **Vives** aquí. | tú |\n| Nosotros estudiamos. | **Estudiamos**. | nosotros\u002Fas |\n\n:::example\n—¿Dónde vives?\n\n—**Vivo** en Bogotá y **trabajo** en una escuela.\n\nNo es necesario repetir *yo* delante de cada verbo.\n:::\n\n:::warning\nEvita repetir el pronombre en todas las frases. *Yo vivo aquí. Yo trabajo aquí. Yo estudio aquí* es posible, pero normalmente suena más natural: **Vivo aquí, trabajo aquí y estudio aquí**.\n:::\n\n## 5. Cuándo se expresa\n\nEl pronombre aparece cuando ayuda a aclarar o contrastar.\n\n- **Contraste:** *Yo tomo té; ella toma café*.\n- **Cambio de persona:** *Luis vive en Madrid. Él trabaja en un hotel*.\n- **Aclaración:** *Usted habla primero*.\n- **Énfasis:** *Yo no tengo la llave*.\n\n| Contexto | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- |\n| contraste | **Tú** cocinas y **yo** limpio. |\n| posible confusión | **Ella** vive en Lima; **él** vive en Cusco. |\n| respuesta neutral sin contraste | ¿Trabajas? —Sí, **trabajo**. |\n\n## 6. Posición y errores frecuentes\n\nEl pronombre suele aparecer antes del verbo: *Ella canta*. En preguntas también puede aparecer después: *¿Eres tú Ana?*\n\n:::danger\nNo uses **mí** como sujeto. Di **Yo vivo aquí**, no *Mí vivo aquí*. **Mí** aparece después de una preposición: *para mí*.\n:::\n\nSigue estos pasos:\n\n1. Identifica quién realiza la acción.\n2. Elige singular o plural.\n3. Decide si necesitas tratamiento informal o formal.\n4. Conjuga el verbo para esa persona.\n5. Omite el pronombre si el contexto ya es claro y no hay contraste.\n\n## 7. Resumen práctico\n\n| Número | Pronombres |\n| --- | --- |\n| singular | **yo, tú, él, ella, usted** |\n| plural | **nosotros\u002Fas, vosotros\u002Fas, ellos\u002Fas, ustedes** |\n\nRecuerda dos ideas: **usted\u002Fustedes** usan formas verbales de tercera persona, y el pronombre de sujeto se puede omitir cuando la forma verbal y el contexto son claros.","es","A1",14,[13],{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},"01a03036-6153-7d1f-a4fa-744d8529aa09","Pronombres personales y reflexivos",false,0,10,"2026-07-20T12:11:26+00:00","2026-08-30T21:23:10+00:00",[22],{"id":23,"title":5,"grammarTopic":24,"displayOrder":25,"vocabularyListWords":26,"isPublished":38},"01a0548e-09da-7dec-9faf-e3279223545d",{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},1,[27,39,50,61,72,83,94,105,116,127,137,148],{"id":28,"vocabularyWord":29,"displayOrder":25},"01a0548e-09da-7e4c-9faf-e327926f0053",{"id":30,"word":31,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":32,"audio":16},"01a0548d-052c-73ad-93ce-733c80bd3035","yo",[33],{"id":34,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":36,"exampleSentences":37,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-0541-7dec-b460-25077da9ec07","PRONOUN","Pronombre con el que una persona se refiere a sí misma.","Yo preparo la cena esta noche.",true,{"id":40,"vocabularyWord":41,"displayOrder":49},"01a0548e-09da-7e7c-9faf-e327934d94ab",{"id":42,"word":43,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":44,"audio":16},"01a0548d-051e-79c6-9e3c-283dd945b794","tú",[45],{"id":46,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":47,"exampleSentences":48,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-0540-764b-b226-7e2a5783b0bf","Pronombre usado para hablar directamente con una persona.","Tú conoces mejor este barrio.",2,{"id":51,"vocabularyWord":52,"displayOrder":60},"01a0548e-09da-7ea0-9faf-e32793aa6cf5",{"id":53,"word":54,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":55,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0499-769c-93c9-1fba552e88bf","él",[56],{"id":57,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":58,"exampleSentences":59,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-04b4-76d2-808c-0fcfef8ce1c6","Pronombre que nombra a un hombre o un ser masculino ya conocido.","Él trabaja en la biblioteca del barrio.",3,{"id":62,"vocabularyWord":63,"displayOrder":71},"01a0548e-09da-7ec0-9faf-e32793debc28",{"id":64,"word":65,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":66,"audio":16},"01a0548d-049a-7825-9dd9-2eaa2513068c","ella",[67],{"id":68,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":69,"exampleSentences":70,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-04b4-78ee-808c-0fcfefff38fe","Pronombre que nombra a una mujer o un ser femenino ya conocido.","Ella siempre llega en bicicleta.",4,{"id":73,"vocabularyWord":74,"displayOrder":82},"01a0548e-09da-7edc-9faf-e32794c1f7b7",{"id":75,"word":76,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":77,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0523-7da8-8454-8542d25f1d0e","usted",[78],{"id":79,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":80,"exampleSentences":81,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-0540-7efb-b226-7e2a5a011174","Pronombre formal usado para dirigirse a una persona.","¿Desea usted ver la habitación?",5,{"id":84,"vocabularyWord":85,"displayOrder":93},"01a0548e-09da-7ef8-9faf-e32794c86bec",{"id":86,"word":87,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":88,"audio":16},"01a0548d-04fb-7944-84f5-470128af8c89","nosotros",[89],{"id":90,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":91,"exampleSentences":92,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-053c-7f61-878c-6ad129359b21","Pronombre para un grupo que incluye a quien habla.","Nosotros viajamos juntos cada verano.",6,{"id":95,"vocabularyWord":96,"displayOrder":104},"01a0548e-09da-7f14-9faf-e32795236a25",{"id":97,"word":98,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":99,"audio":16},"01a0548d-04fa-7bcb-be18-804ac8680ae9","nosotras",[100],{"id":101,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":102,"exampleSentences":103,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-053c-7e35-878c-6ad1289fc622","Pronombre para un grupo femenino que incluye a quien habla.","Nosotras vivimos cerca de la universidad.",7,{"id":106,"vocabularyWord":107,"displayOrder":115},"01a0548e-09da-7f2c-9faf-e327958a930d",{"id":108,"word":109,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":110,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0528-75fd-b2c6-b94fb646e7dd","vosotros",[111],{"id":112,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":113,"exampleSentences":114,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-0541-775c-b460-25077ac10c71","Pronombre usado para hablar con varias personas.","Vosotros llegáis siempre a tiempo.",8,{"id":117,"vocabularyWord":118,"displayOrder":126},"01a0548e-09da-7f48-9faf-e327964de4a4",{"id":119,"word":120,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":121,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0527-7bd3-9f7c-d50aabcf6aaf","vosotras",[122],{"id":123,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":124,"exampleSentences":125,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-0541-7644-b460-25077a3dde60","Pronombre usado para hablar con varias mujeres.","Vosotras sois las nuevas alumnas.",9,{"id":128,"vocabularyWord":129,"displayOrder":18},"01a0548e-09da-7f64-9faf-e32796c21fd4",{"id":130,"word":131,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":132,"audio":16},"01a0548d-049b-7bb0-bc11-d826039cdd81","ellos",[133],{"id":134,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":135,"exampleSentences":136,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-04b4-7b16-808c-0fcff0542fff","Pronombre que nombra a varios hombres o a un grupo mixto ya conocido.","Ellos juegan al fútbol los sábados.",{"id":138,"vocabularyWord":139,"displayOrder":147},"01a0548e-09da-7f7c-9faf-e32797a57587",{"id":140,"word":141,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":142,"audio":16},"01a0548d-049b-7270-bc11-d826035975a6","ellas",[143],{"id":144,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":145,"exampleSentences":146,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-04b4-7a06-808c-0fcff0429343","Pronombre que nombra a varias mujeres o seres femeninos ya conocidos.","Ellas estudian juntas en la biblioteca.",11,{"id":149,"vocabularyWord":150,"displayOrder":158},"01a0548e-09da-7f98-9faf-e3279869e83b",{"id":151,"word":152,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":153,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0524-7839-8702-1c68b7445784","ustedes",[154],{"id":155,"partOfSpeech":35,"definition":156,"exampleSentences":157,"isPrimary":38,"meaningOrder":25},"01a0548d-0541-7078-b460-250777536acd","Pronombre usado para dirigirse a varias personas.","¿Quieren ustedes sentarse aquí?",12,{"name":15,"slug":160,"language":9},"pronombres-personales-y-reflexivos-a1",[],[163,172,178,185,190],{"@id":164,"@type":165,"id":166,"grammarPage":167,"title":168,"instructions":169,"displayOrder":17,"type":170,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":171},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019f7f70-54e2-707c-af3e-8a437087e4a9","GrammarExercise","019f7f70-54e2-707c-af3e-8a437087e4a9","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-30ae-7eb1-860b-e1b82167619a","Personas y tratamientos","Elige el pronombre adecuado según quién participa, el trato indicado y la región señalada.","word_select","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7a88-bc00-7ce2-8d72-06e3bb9fd62c_hero.webp",{"@id":173,"@type":165,"id":174,"grammarPage":167,"title":175,"instructions":176,"displayOrder":25,"type":170,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":177},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019f7f70-54f8-7e44-a4bc-944f0dce1e34","019f7f70-54f8-7e44-a4bc-944f0dce1e34","Expresar u omitir el pronombre","Completa cada contexto con la forma natural y correcta; usa el pronombre cuando aclara o contrasta.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7a88-bc2e-7415-85fc-77c363080305_hero.webp",{"@id":179,"@type":165,"id":180,"grammarPage":167,"title":181,"instructions":182,"displayOrder":49,"type":183,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":184},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019faa5f-f593-7c6f-8dc7-f3d0ae1d9618","019faa5f-f593-7c6f-8dc7-f3d0ae1d9618","Construye personas y tratamientos","Toca las palabras en el orden correcto para construir cada frase. Sobra una palabra.","sentence_builder","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_cf243d1c-eb31-449d-af4f-d2e3717c4c45_hero.webp",{"@id":186,"@type":165,"id":187,"grammarPage":167,"title":188,"instructions":182,"displayOrder":60,"type":183,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":189},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019faa5f-f5a3-7eab-80e3-8e30a4c3f2d8","019faa5f-f5a3-7eab-80e3-8e30a4c3f2d8","Construye pronombres en contexto","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_f00500ec-e799-4fa4-a1b4-4c64af49be72_hero.webp",{"@id":191,"@type":165,"id":192,"grammarPage":167,"title":193,"instructions":194,"displayOrder":71,"type":195,"isCompleted":16},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a01414-2180-7999-92f4-dc80ea6cb699","01a01414-2180-7999-92f4-dc80ea6cb699","Pronombres y concordancia","Cada oración tiene una palabra incorrecta. Tócala y elige la corrección.","find_and_fix",{"019f7f70-54e2-707c-af3e-8a437087e4a9":197,"019f7f70-54f8-7e44-a4bc-944f0dce1e34":422,"019faa5f-f593-7c6f-8dc7-f3d0ae1d9618":659,"019faa5f-f5a3-7eab-80e3-8e30a4c3f2d8":794,"01a01414-2180-7999-92f4-dc80ea6cb699":928},{"id":166,"grammarPage":167,"title":168,"instructions":169,"displayOrder":17,"type":170,"questions":198,"ogImageUrl":171},[199,214,229,244,268,292,316,340,355,370,386,404],{"id":200,"sentenceTemplate":201,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":202,"exampleSentence":203,"blanks":204},"019f7f70-54e2-71cc-af3e-8a4373b4a26b","Cuando hablo de mí como sujeto, uso __1__.","«Yo» es el pronombre de la persona que habla.","Yo preparo la merienda esta tarde.",[205],{"id":206,"blankNumber":25,"options":207},"019f7f70-54e2-7184-af3e-8a43733cd7a4",[208,210,212],{"id":209,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7100-af3e-8a43717ffe52",{"id":211,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7138-af3e-8a4372470f1b",{"id":213,"optionText":54,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7160-af3e-8a4372dfb4c6",{"id":215,"sentenceTemplate":216,"displayOrder":25,"explanation":217,"exampleSentence":218,"blanks":219},"019f7f70-54e2-72b8-af3e-8a437698a8b2","Hablo con un amigo de confianza: «__1__ estudias en esta biblioteca».","«Tú» se usa para dirigirse informalmente a una sola persona y concuerda con «estudias».","Tú conoces bien este barrio.",[220],{"id":221,"blankNumber":25,"options":222},"019f7f70-54e2-7280-af3e-8a4375c3687c",[223,225,227],{"id":224,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7218-af3e-8a4373bc13f1",{"id":226,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7240-af3e-8a4374893616",{"id":228,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7260-af3e-8a43755b0175",{"id":230,"sentenceTemplate":231,"displayOrder":49,"explanation":232,"exampleSentence":233,"blanks":234},"019f7f70-54e2-73a0-af3e-8a4379f27e7c","En una conversación formal con la directora digo: «__1__ conoce el proyecto».","«Usted» se dirige formalmente a una persona y usa la forma verbal de tercera persona «conoce».","Usted necesita firmar este documento.",[235],{"id":236,"blankNumber":25,"options":237},"019f7f70-54e2-736c-af3e-8a43796d95b7",[238,240,242],{"id":239,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-730c-af3e-8a4376ff327b",{"id":241,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-732c-af3e-8a4377e8c951",{"id":243,"optionText":76,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-734c-af3e-8a4378b1c81d",{"id":245,"sentenceTemplate":246,"displayOrder":60,"explanation":247,"exampleSentence":248,"blanks":249},"019f7f70-54e2-752c-af3e-8a437d53e180","Diego trabaja aquí: __1__ es cocinero. Carmen también trabaja aquí: __2__ es médica.","Usamos «él» para Diego y «ella» para Carmen cuando hablamos de esas personas.","Raúl es músico y él toca el piano; Teresa es actriz y ella trabaja en el teatro.",[250,259],{"id":251,"blankNumber":25,"options":252},"019f7f70-54e2-7440-af3e-8a437b45581c",[253,255,257],{"id":254,"optionText":54,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-73e0-af3e-8a437a1cc43b",{"id":256,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7404-af3e-8a437ac98edd",{"id":258,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7424-af3e-8a437b24f453",{"id":260,"blankNumber":49,"options":261},"019f7f70-54e2-74f0-af3e-8a437d0f9e7f",[262,264,266],{"id":263,"optionText":54,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7474-af3e-8a437beb714c",{"id":265,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7494-af3e-8a437cdce860",{"id":267,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-74d0-af3e-8a437d058e22",{"id":269,"sentenceTemplate":270,"displayOrder":71,"explanation":271,"exampleSentence":272,"blanks":273},"019f7f70-54e2-76b0-af3e-8a4382c39fd3","Soy Marta. Ana y yo somos __1__; Pablo y yo somos __2__.","Un grupo formado solo por mujeres usa «nosotras»; un grupo mixto que incluye a quien habla usa tradicionalmente «nosotros».","Lucía y yo decimos «nosotras»; Jorge y yo decimos «nosotros».",[274,283],{"id":275,"blankNumber":25,"options":276},"019f7f70-54e2-75e0-af3e-8a437fe42935",[277,279,281],{"id":278,"optionText":98,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7580-af3e-8a437dc0fecc",{"id":280,"optionText":141,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-75a0-af3e-8a437e900c38",{"id":282,"optionText":120,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-75c0-af3e-8a437efad606",{"id":284,"blankNumber":49,"options":285},"019f7f70-54e2-7678-af3e-8a43820987da",[286,288,290],{"id":287,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7614-af3e-8a438019a403",{"id":289,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7630-af3e-8a4380f3433c",{"id":291,"optionText":109,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7650-af3e-8a4381dc7813",{"id":293,"sentenceTemplate":294,"displayOrder":82,"explanation":295,"exampleSentence":296,"blanks":297},"019f7f70-54e2-7820-af3e-8a438684e253","Ana y Marta no están aquí: __1__ llegan mañana. Ana y Diego tampoco están: __2__ llegan el viernes.","Dos mujeres se representan con «ellas»; para un grupo mixto que no incluye a quien habla, la forma tradicional general es «ellos».","Clara y Julia son amigas: ellas estudian juntas. Clara y Marcos son vecinos: ellos viven cerca.",[298,307],{"id":299,"blankNumber":25,"options":300},"019f7f70-54e2-7764-af3e-8a4383c92b69",[301,303,305],{"id":302,"optionText":98,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7704-af3e-8a43831d26e8",{"id":304,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7724-af3e-8a43833c314f",{"id":306,"optionText":141,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7744-af3e-8a43838abbdf",{"id":308,"blankNumber":49,"options":309},"019f7f70-54e2-77ec-af3e-8a43861ba692",[310,312,314],{"id":311,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7794-af3e-8a438459a754",{"id":313,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-77b4-af3e-8a43854635f8",{"id":315,"optionText":141,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-77d0-af3e-8a438549f38a",{"id":317,"sentenceTemplate":318,"displayOrder":93,"explanation":319,"exampleSentence":320,"blanks":321},"019f7f70-54e2-798c-af3e-8a438bff4509","En el modelo informal de España, a un grupo mixto digo __1__; a un grupo formado solo por mujeres digo __2__.","En el uso informal básico de España, «vosotros» corresponde a un grupo mixto y «vosotras» a un grupo de mujeres.","En ese modelo, unos amigos son «vosotros» y unas amigas son «vosotras».",[322,331],{"id":323,"blankNumber":25,"options":324},"019f7f70-54e2-78d0-af3e-8a4388989e95",[325,327,329],{"id":326,"optionText":109,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7874-af3e-8a43875f77bb",{"id":328,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7894-af3e-8a4387fae5b3",{"id":330,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-78b4-af3e-8a438854cdaf",{"id":332,"blankNumber":49,"options":333},"019f7f70-54e2-7958-af3e-8a438b6ab177",[334,336,338],{"id":335,"optionText":98,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7900-af3e-8a4389656051",{"id":337,"optionText":120,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7920-af3e-8a4389f094c4",{"id":339,"optionText":141,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-793c-af3e-8a438ade1d72",{"id":341,"sentenceTemplate":342,"displayOrder":104,"explanation":343,"exampleSentence":344,"blanks":345},"019f7f70-54e2-7a7c-af3e-8a438fb065d2","Estoy en México y hablo directamente con varias personas: «__1__ hablan muy bien español».","En América se usa «ustedes» para dirigirse a un grupo, y el verbo aparece en tercera persona plural: «hablan».","En Colombia puedes decir a un grupo: «Ustedes conocen la ciudad».",[346],{"id":347,"blankNumber":25,"options":348},"019f7f70-54e2-7a48-af3e-8a438ed0b2ed",[349,351,353],{"id":350,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-79e0-af3e-8a438cdc9bab",{"id":352,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7a0c-af3e-8a438d777ce5",{"id":354,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7a2c-af3e-8a438e3ca036",{"id":356,"sentenceTemplate":357,"displayOrder":115,"explanation":358,"exampleSentence":359,"blanks":360},"019f7f70-54e2-7b4c-af3e-8a43923e6ab7","En España hablo formalmente con varias autoridades: «__1__ tienen la palabra».","En el trato formal plural de España usamos «ustedes» con una forma verbal de tercera persona plural.","En una reunión formal, puedes decir: «Ustedes deciden primero».",[361],{"id":362,"blankNumber":25,"options":363},"019f7f70-54e2-7b18-af3e-8a4391c7484d",[364,366,368],{"id":365,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7abc-af3e-8a43906d0a36",{"id":367,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7adc-af3e-8a43914b3226",{"id":369,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7afc-af3e-8a439163cd29",{"id":371,"sentenceTemplate":372,"displayOrder":126,"explanation":373,"exampleSentence":374,"blanks":375},"019f7f70-54e2-7c20-af3e-8a439482555b","En varios países de América, el pronombre informal singular que puede usarse en lugar de tú es __1__.","«Vos» es una forma regional de tratamiento informal singular; sus formas verbales se estudian por separado.","En algunas regiones escucharás «vos» y en otras «tú» para el trato informal.",[376],{"id":377,"blankNumber":25,"options":378},"019f7f70-54e2-7bf0-af3e-8a439453840c",[379,381,384],{"id":380,"optionText":76,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7b8c-af3e-8a4392490daa",{"id":382,"optionText":383,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7bb0-af3e-8a4392e8a9b7","vos",{"id":385,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7bd0-af3e-8a4393baafdf",{"id":387,"sentenceTemplate":388,"displayOrder":18,"explanation":389,"exampleSentence":390,"blanks":391},"019f7f70-54e2-7cec-af3e-8a43967174f4","Completa el trato formal singular: «Usted __1__ muy despacio».","Aunque se dirige a la persona que escucha, «usted» usa la tercera persona: «habla», no «hablas».","Usted trabaja cerca de la estación.",[392],{"id":393,"blankNumber":25,"options":394},"019f7f70-54e2-7cb8-af3e-8a4395b800d7",[395,398,401],{"id":396,"optionText":397,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7c60-af3e-8a4395214cc5","hablo",{"id":399,"optionText":400,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7c80-af3e-8a43952394ac","hablas",{"id":402,"optionText":403,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7c9c-af3e-8a43959d29d5","habla",{"id":405,"sentenceTemplate":406,"displayOrder":147,"explanation":407,"exampleSentence":408,"blanks":409},"019f7f70-54e2-7dc4-af3e-8a4399be99f8","Completa la forma plural: «Ustedes __1__ la respuesta».","«Ustedes» usa la tercera persona plural: «conocen».","Ustedes viven en el mismo edificio.",[410],{"id":411,"blankNumber":25,"options":412},"019f7f70-54e2-7d90-af3e-8a4398dccd3e",[413,416,419],{"id":414,"optionText":415,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54e2-7d2c-af3e-8a4396c6b4ac","conocen",{"id":417,"optionText":418,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54e2-7d4c-af3e-8a4397b8f762","conoces",{"id":420,"optionText":421,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54e2-7d74-af3e-8a4397f8348c","conocemos",{"id":174,"grammarPage":167,"title":175,"instructions":176,"displayOrder":25,"type":170,"questions":423,"ogImageUrl":177},[424,452,480,498,516,534,558,582,597,612,627,644],{"id":425,"sentenceTemplate":426,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":427,"exampleSentence":428,"blanks":429},"019f7f70-54f9-709a-a0aa-ed1d8281c948","__1__ estudias con __2__ hermana después de clase.","«Tú» con tilde es el pronombre de sujeto; «tu» sin tilde acompaña al sustantivo «hermana».","Tú traes tu cuaderno cada mañana.",[430,442],{"id":431,"blankNumber":25,"options":432},"019f7f70-54f8-7f4c-a4bc-944f0fc34fb4",[433,436,439],{"id":434,"optionText":435,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f8-7ecc-a4bc-944f0e30ba02","Tú",{"id":437,"optionText":438,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f8-7f04-a4bc-944f0edcd2d3","Tu",{"id":440,"optionText":441,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f8-7f2c-a4bc-944f0ee6669a","Mí",{"id":443,"blankNumber":49,"options":444},"019f7f70-54f9-705e-a0aa-ed1d81fc0835",[445,447,450],{"id":446,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f8-7f90-a4bc-944f108b17ac",{"id":448,"optionText":449,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-7016-a0aa-ed1d81b14b89","tu",{"id":451,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-703e-a0aa-ed1d81d9400a",{"id":453,"sentenceTemplate":454,"displayOrder":25,"explanation":455,"exampleSentence":456,"blanks":457},"019f7f70-54f9-722a-a0aa-ed1d86a4f659","__1__ preparo la cena; este postre es para __2__.","«Yo» funciona como sujeto de «preparo»; después de la preposición «para» usamos «mí».","Yo compro el pan y esta bolsa es para mí.",[458,469],{"id":459,"blankNumber":25,"options":460},"019f7f70-54f9-715a-a0aa-ed1d846b8465",[461,463,466],{"id":462,"optionText":441,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-70f6-a0aa-ed1d82bd2d6f",{"id":464,"optionText":465,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-711a-a0aa-ed1d836897a3","Yo",{"id":467,"optionText":468,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-713e-a0aa-ed1d844dfcb9","Me",{"id":470,"blankNumber":49,"options":471},"019f7f70-54f9-71f2-a0aa-ed1d85eaf232",[472,474,477],{"id":473,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-7192-a0aa-ed1d84e5fdd3",{"id":475,"optionText":476,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-71b2-a0aa-ed1d85930ad1","me",{"id":478,"optionText":479,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-71d6-a0aa-ed1d85d6a32a","mí",{"id":481,"sentenceTemplate":482,"displayOrder":49,"explanation":483,"exampleSentence":484,"blanks":485},"019f7f70-54f9-7326-a0aa-ed1d8825ded7","—¿Dónde trabajas? —__1__ en una farmacia.","La forma «Trabajo» ya indica primera persona singular, así que el pronombre puede omitirse en una respuesta neutral.","—¿Qué estudias? —Estudio arquitectura.",[486],{"id":487,"blankNumber":25,"options":488},"019f7f70-54f9-72ee-a0aa-ed1d881e7ae8",[489,492,495],{"id":490,"optionText":491,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-727e-a0aa-ed1d87161fe8","Trabajo",{"id":493,"optionText":494,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-72b2-a0aa-ed1d8749ca5c","Trabaja",{"id":496,"optionText":497,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-72d2-a0aa-ed1d87742675","Trabajas",{"id":499,"sentenceTemplate":500,"displayOrder":60,"explanation":501,"exampleSentence":502,"blanks":503},"019f7f70-54f9-73fa-a0aa-ed1d8b2ddf40","Mi hermano y yo tenemos la misma rutina: los lunes __1__ juntos.","«Estudiamos» identifica la primera persona plural; no hace falta repetir «nosotros».","Por la tarde caminamos por el parque.",[504],{"id":505,"blankNumber":25,"options":506},"019f7f70-54f9-73c6-a0aa-ed1d8afe7082",[507,510,513],{"id":508,"optionText":509,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-736a-a0aa-ed1d88659070","estudian",{"id":511,"optionText":512,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-738a-a0aa-ed1d893d0f55","estudiamos",{"id":514,"optionText":515,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-73aa-a0aa-ed1d8a259051","estudiáis",{"id":517,"sentenceTemplate":518,"displayOrder":71,"explanation":519,"exampleSentence":520,"blanks":521},"019f7f70-54f9-74f6-a0aa-ed1d8ca807ef","En mi diario escribo sobre mi rutina: «Cada sábado __1__ por el parque y después leo en casa».","«Camino» y «leo» indican claramente la primera persona, así que no es necesario repetir «yo».","En una nota personal escribo: «Cocino temprano y luego descanso».",[522],{"id":523,"blankNumber":25,"options":524},"019f7f70-54f9-749a-a0aa-ed1d8c39f8bb",[525,528,531],{"id":526,"optionText":527,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-743a-a0aa-ed1d8b9a6e17","camina",{"id":529,"optionText":530,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-745a-a0aa-ed1d8bc3828c","caminas",{"id":532,"optionText":533,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-747a-a0aa-ed1d8c05ad90","camino",{"id":535,"sentenceTemplate":536,"displayOrder":82,"explanation":537,"exampleSentence":538,"blanks":539},"019f7f70-54f9-766a-a0aa-ed1d92bfe0a1","Para marcar un contraste con Elena digo: «__1__ sales esta noche; __2__ me quedo en casa».","En un contraste expresamos los pronombres: «tú» para Elena, la persona que escucha, y «yo» para quien habla.","Tú eliges la película; yo preparo las bebidas.",[540,549],{"id":541,"blankNumber":25,"options":542},"019f7f70-54f9-759a-a0aa-ed1d8ef854a0",[543,545,547],{"id":544,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-753a-a0aa-ed1d8d9cf59a",{"id":546,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-755e-a0aa-ed1d8e5a42ae",{"id":548,"optionText":76,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-757e-a0aa-ed1d8e7627b8",{"id":550,"blankNumber":49,"options":551},"019f7f70-54f9-7632-a0aa-ed1d92231da3",[552,554,556],{"id":553,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-75ce-a0aa-ed1d8fe0e2ec",{"id":555,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-75ea-a0aa-ed1d902fbfe0",{"id":557,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-760a-a0aa-ed1d912e0119",{"id":559,"sentenceTemplate":560,"displayOrder":93,"explanation":561,"exampleSentence":562,"blanks":563},"019f7f70-54f9-77da-a0aa-ed1d96e633c0","Marta prepara el desayuno y Diego pone la mesa. Para no repetir los nombres, escribimos: «__1__ prepara el desayuno y __2__ pone la mesa».","«Ella» sustituye a Marta y «él» sustituye a Diego, así evitamos repetir los nombres sin crear confusión.","Nuria abre la tienda y Bruno limpia: ella abre y él limpia.",[564,573],{"id":565,"blankNumber":25,"options":566},"019f7f70-54f9-771a-a0aa-ed1d94a30343",[567,569,571],{"id":568,"optionText":54,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-76ba-a0aa-ed1d9390e707",{"id":570,"optionText":76,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-76de-a0aa-ed1d939b32df",{"id":572,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-76fe-a0aa-ed1d93f8f297",{"id":574,"blankNumber":49,"options":575},"019f7f70-54f9-77a6-a0aa-ed1d9636a13c",[576,578,580],{"id":577,"optionText":54,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-774a-a0aa-ed1d9527f25a",{"id":579,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-776a-a0aa-ed1d95a847d2",{"id":581,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-7786-a0aa-ed1d95acfdd6",{"id":583,"sentenceTemplate":584,"displayOrder":104,"explanation":585,"exampleSentence":586,"blanks":587},"019f7f70-54f9-78ba-a0aa-ed1d9a983b70","Primero hablo de mí: «Yo preparo la sala». Después cambio a Inés: «__1__ recibe a los invitados».","Al cambiar de la persona que habla a Inés, expresamos «ella» para que el nuevo sujeto quede claro.","Primero cuento mi tarea; después digo que Omar trabaja y él organiza las sillas.",[588],{"id":589,"blankNumber":25,"options":590},"019f7f70-54f9-7886-a0aa-ed1d9a45f248",[591,593,595],{"id":592,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-782a-a0aa-ed1d97e004dd",{"id":594,"optionText":54,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-784a-a0aa-ed1d98a644bd",{"id":596,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-786a-a0aa-ed1d9960c18b",{"id":598,"sentenceTemplate":599,"displayOrder":115,"explanation":600,"exampleSentence":601,"blanks":602},"019f7f70-54f9-798a-a0aa-ed1d9c8bca39","Hablo directamente con la señora Ruiz y aclaro el turno: «__1__ habla primero».","«Usted» aclara que la señora Ruiz, la persona tratada formalmente, tiene el primer turno.","Señor Pérez, usted firma aquí.",[603],{"id":604,"blankNumber":25,"options":605},"019f7f70-54f9-7956-a0aa-ed1d9c706a09",[606,608,610],{"id":607,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-78fa-a0aa-ed1d9b235deb",{"id":609,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-791a-a0aa-ed1d9b239426",{"id":611,"optionText":76,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-793a-a0aa-ed1d9b913831",{"id":613,"sentenceTemplate":614,"displayOrder":126,"explanation":615,"exampleSentence":616,"blanks":617},"019f7f70-54f9-7a6a-a0aa-ed1d9da9c710","Para enfatizar que pago la cuenta esta vez, digo: «__1__ pago».","El pronombre «yo» se expresa para destacar quién paga la cuenta.","Yo termino el informe hoy; los demás pueden descansar.",[618],{"id":619,"blankNumber":25,"options":620},"019f7f70-54f9-7a36-a0aa-ed1d9d003399",[621,623,625],{"id":622,"optionText":31,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-79d6-a0aa-ed1d9ca96125",{"id":624,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-79fa-a0aa-ed1d9cb6b35a",{"id":626,"optionText":76,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-7a1a-a0aa-ed1d9cbeca1f",{"id":628,"sentenceTemplate":629,"displayOrder":18,"explanation":630,"exampleSentence":631,"blanks":632},"019f7f70-54f9-7b3a-a0aa-ed1da1bab112","Lucía forma parte del coro. __1__ canta los jueves.","Cuando se expresa, el pronombre de sujeto suele colocarse antes del verbo: «Ella canta».","Tomás toca la guitarra. Él practica cada tarde.",[633],{"id":634,"blankNumber":25,"options":635},"019f7f70-54f9-7b06-a0aa-ed1da0c72ec9",[636,638,641],{"id":637,"optionText":441,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-7aaa-a0aa-ed1d9e99c6e3",{"id":639,"optionText":640,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-7aca-a0aa-ed1d9eca4cd2","Ella",{"id":642,"optionText":643,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-7aea-a0aa-ed1d9fc88a70","A ella",{"id":645,"sentenceTemplate":646,"displayOrder":147,"explanation":647,"exampleSentence":648,"blanks":649},"019f7f70-54f9-7c0a-a0aa-ed1da4a3c251","La pregunta confirma la identidad: «¿Eres __1__ la nueva profesora?».","En una pregunta, el pronombre puede aparecer después del verbo: «¿Eres tú...?».","¿Preparas tú el material para la reunión?",[650],{"id":651,"blankNumber":25,"options":652},"019f7f70-54f9-7bd6-a0aa-ed1da4517611",[653,655,657],{"id":654,"optionText":479,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-54f9-7b7a-a0aa-ed1da296f91e",{"id":656,"optionText":449,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019f7f70-54f9-7b9a-a0aa-ed1da36d9cef",{"id":658,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":49},"019f7f70-54f9-7bba-a0aa-ed1da392166e",{"id":180,"grammarPage":167,"title":181,"instructions":182,"displayOrder":49,"type":183,"questions":660,"ogImageUrl":184},[661,675,688,701,715,728,741,754,767,780],{"id":662,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":664,"exampleSentence":665,"blanks":666},"019faa5f-f593-7dcb-8dc7-f3d0afd03cb3","Construye la frase: __1__","«Yo» es la persona que habla. Después van el verbo, el objeto y el momento.","Yo preparo la merienda por la tarde.",[667],{"id":668,"blankNumber":25,"options":669},"019faa5f-f593-7d7f-8dc7-f3d0afc0adb3",[670,672],{"id":671,"optionText":441,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f593-7d17-8dc7-f3d0aec8a609",{"id":673,"optionText":674,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f593-7d57-8dc7-f3d0af01584f","Yo preparo el desayuno temprano.",{"id":676,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":25,"explanation":677,"exampleSentence":678,"blanks":679},"019faa5f-f593-7eab-8dc7-f3d0b163d9a2","«Tú» con tilde es el sujeto informal; «tu» sin tilde acompaña al sustantivo «hermana».","Tú traes tu cuaderno nuevo.",[680],{"id":681,"blankNumber":25,"options":682},"019faa5f-f593-7e77-8dc7-f3d0b0cacf30",[683,686],{"id":684,"optionText":685,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f593-7e2f-8dc7-f3d0afd6df48","Tú estudias con tu hermana.",{"id":687,"optionText":441,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f593-7e57-8dc7-f3d0b09cbd39",{"id":689,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":49,"explanation":690,"exampleSentence":691,"blanks":692},"019faa5f-f593-7f63-8dc7-f3d0b37f213c","«Él» con tilde es el pronombre masculino singular y aparece antes del verbo.","Él cocina en un restaurante.",[693],{"id":694,"blankNumber":25,"options":695},"019faa5f-f593-7f33-8dc7-f3d0b2e07d04",[696,698],{"id":697,"optionText":441,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f593-7eef-8dc7-f3d0b1dd34e7",{"id":699,"optionText":700,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f593-7f13-8dc7-f3d0b2144b1a","Él trabaja en el hospital.",{"id":702,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":60,"explanation":703,"exampleSentence":704,"blanks":705},"019faa5f-f594-7082-a148-ca752701e1ba","«Ella» representa a una persona femenina singular y concuerda con «dirige».","Ella prepara la tienda cada mañana.",[706],{"id":707,"blankNumber":25,"options":708},"019faa5f-f594-704e-a148-ca75262fa274",[709,712],{"id":710,"optionText":711,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f594-7002-a148-ca75253e6746","Ella dirige la tienda nueva.",{"id":713,"optionText":714,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f594-702e-a148-ca7525ec5614","Ellas",{"id":716,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":71,"explanation":717,"exampleSentence":718,"blanks":719},"019faa5f-f594-7136-a148-ca7529b59309","«Usted» se dirige formalmente a la señora Ruiz y usa la forma verbal de tercera persona «habla».","Señor López, usted firma primero.",[720],{"id":721,"blankNumber":25,"options":722},"019faa5f-f594-7102-a148-ca7529225172",[723,725],{"id":724,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f594-70c2-a148-ca7527eff73d",{"id":726,"optionText":727,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f594-70e6-a148-ca75283d82d4","Señora Ruiz, usted habla primero.",{"id":729,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":82,"explanation":730,"exampleSentence":731,"blanks":732},"019faa5f-f594-71e6-a148-ca752b4cda1b","«Nosotras» representa al grupo femenino y concuerda con «listas»; «nosotros» representa al grupo masculino o mixto y concuerda con «cansados».","Nosotras estamos preparadas y nosotros estamos tranquilos.",[733],{"id":734,"blankNumber":25,"options":735},"019faa5f-f594-71b6-a148-ca752ae0e592",[736,738],{"id":737,"optionText":141,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f594-7172-a148-ca752aa18f55",{"id":739,"optionText":740,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f594-7196-a148-ca752aac54cc","Nosotras estamos listas y nosotros estamos cansados.",{"id":742,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":93,"explanation":743,"exampleSentence":744,"blanks":745},"019faa5f-f594-72a2-a148-ca752e0010cd","«Ellas» representa al grupo femenino que canta y «ellos» al grupo masculino o mixto que baila.","Ellas estudian y ellos trabajan.",[746],{"id":747,"blankNumber":25,"options":748},"019faa5f-f594-726e-a148-ca752d7e08f8",[749,752],{"id":750,"optionText":751,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f594-7222-a148-ca752c3fd166","Ellas cantan y ellos bailan.",{"id":753,"optionText":87,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f594-7246-a148-ca752d261e95",{"id":755,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":104,"explanation":756,"exampleSentence":757,"blanks":758},"019faa5f-f594-7352-a148-ca7530e09f36","En el trato informal plural de España usamos «vosotros» con la forma «estudiáis».","En España, vosotros habláis con la profesora.",[759],{"id":760,"blankNumber":25,"options":761},"019faa5f-f594-7322-a148-ca753017a37c",[762,764],{"id":763,"optionText":152,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f594-72e2-a148-ca752ed95c97",{"id":765,"optionText":766,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f594-7302-a148-ca752f50a410","En España, vosotros estudiáis juntos.",{"id":768,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":115,"explanation":769,"exampleSentence":770,"blanks":771},"019faa5f-f594-7406-a148-ca7532c91748","En América usamos «ustedes» para dirigirnos a varias personas y el verbo va en tercera persona plural: «hablan».","En Colombia, ustedes conocen la ciudad.",[772],{"id":773,"blankNumber":25,"options":774},"019faa5f-f594-73d6-a148-ca75327fcabd",[775,778],{"id":776,"optionText":777,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f594-7396-a148-ca753126d539","En América, ustedes hablan español.",{"id":779,"optionText":109,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f594-73b6-a148-ca75319e5ab3",{"id":781,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":126,"explanation":782,"exampleSentence":783,"blanks":784},"019faa5f-f594-74c6-a148-ca753456de52","«Vos» es una forma informal regional que se usa en varios países de América; aquí solo la reconocemos.","En algunas regiones escucharás la forma «vos».",[785],{"id":786,"blankNumber":25,"options":787},"019faa5f-f594-7482-a148-ca7533dd625e",[788,791],{"id":789,"optionText":790,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f594-7446-a148-ca753369bac5","vós",{"id":792,"optionText":793,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f594-7466-a148-ca75337444ca","En varios países, se usa «vos».",{"id":187,"grammarPage":167,"title":188,"instructions":182,"displayOrder":60,"type":183,"questions":795,"ogImageUrl":189},[796,809,823,836,849,862,875,888,901,915],{"id":797,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":798,"exampleSentence":799,"blanks":800},"019faa5f-f5a4-7064-9e8f-6aadb4c13b70","«Trabajo» ya indica primera persona singular, así que en una respuesta neutral podemos omitir «yo».","Vivo cerca de la estación.",[801],{"id":802,"blankNumber":25,"options":803},"019faa5f-f5a4-7014-9e8f-6aadb419309c",[804,806],{"id":805,"optionText":465,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a3-7f4f-80e3-8e30a4e42724",{"id":807,"optionText":808,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a3-7f8b-80e3-8e30a4fef3b3","Trabajo en una farmacia.",{"id":810,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":25,"explanation":811,"exampleSentence":812,"blanks":813},"019faa5f-f5a4-712c-9e8f-6aadb6b35f18","La terminación de «estudiamos» indica primera persona plural; no hace falta expresar «nosotros».","Caminamos juntos hasta casa.",[814],{"id":815,"blankNumber":25,"options":816},"019faa5f-f5a4-70f8-9e8f-6aadb6487418",[817,820],{"id":818,"optionText":819,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a4-70b4-9e8f-6aadb568bd2f","Estudiamos juntos por la tarde.",{"id":821,"optionText":822,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a4-70d8-9e8f-6aadb6229f87","Nosotros",{"id":824,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":49,"explanation":825,"exampleSentence":826,"blanks":827},"019faa5f-f5a4-71f8-9e8f-6aadb8842cb5","«Vivo» y «trabajo» muestran la misma primera persona. Omitir «yo» evita repetir el pronombre sin necesidad.","Cocino temprano y después descanso.",[828],{"id":829,"blankNumber":25,"options":830},"019faa5f-f5a4-71c4-9e8f-6aadb8625d35",[831,833],{"id":832,"optionText":465,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a4-7184-9e8f-6aadb76252b8",{"id":834,"optionText":835,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a4-71a8-9e8f-6aadb7f9a229","Vivo aquí y trabajo cerca.",{"id":837,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":60,"explanation":838,"exampleSentence":839,"blanks":840},"019faa5f-f5a4-72ac-9e8f-6aadb9767426","Expresamos «tú» y «yo» porque la frase contrasta dos personas y dos acciones.","Tú eliges la película y yo preparo la cena.",[841],{"id":842,"blankNumber":25,"options":843},"019faa5f-f5a4-727c-9e8f-6aadb9111531",[844,847],{"id":845,"optionText":846,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a4-723c-9e8f-6aadb8b97b8f","Tú cocinas y yo limpio.",{"id":848,"optionText":65,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a4-725c-9e8f-6aadb9035161",{"id":850,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":71,"explanation":851,"exampleSentence":852,"blanks":853},"019faa5f-f5a4-735c-9e8f-6aadbb66e3f8","Los pronombres «ella» y «él» aclaran qué persona vive en cada ciudad.","Ella trabaja en Sevilla; él estudia en Granada.",[854],{"id":855,"blankNumber":25,"options":856},"019faa5f-f5a4-732c-9e8f-6aadbb2d00f7",[857,859],{"id":858,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a4-72ec-9e8f-6aadb995670c",{"id":860,"optionText":861,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a4-7310-9e8f-6aadba4c59ba","Ella vive en Lima; él vive en Cusco.",{"id":863,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":82,"explanation":864,"exampleSentence":865,"blanks":866},"019faa5f-f5a4-7410-9e8f-6aadbd340307","«Yo» aparece para dar énfasis a quién no tiene la llave. «Mí» no puede ser sujeto.","Yo preparo la sala esta vez.",[867],{"id":868,"blankNumber":25,"options":869},"019faa5f-f5a4-73e0-9e8f-6aadbd21a323",[870,873],{"id":871,"optionText":872,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a4-73a0-9e8f-6aadbc3c946f","Yo no tengo la llave.",{"id":874,"optionText":441,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a4-73c0-9e8f-6aadbd18f5da",{"id":876,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":93,"explanation":877,"exampleSentence":878,"blanks":879},"019faa5f-f5a4-7530-9e8f-6aadbf23176b","Expresamos «usted» y «ella» para aclarar quién tiene la llave y marcar la diferencia entre las dos personas.","Usted trae los libros, no ella.",[880],{"id":881,"blankNumber":25,"options":882},"019faa5f-f5a4-74f4-9e8f-6aadbed2accd",[883,885],{"id":884,"optionText":43,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a4-7464-9e8f-6aadbe1f8730",{"id":886,"optionText":887,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a4-74c8-9e8f-6aadbe244854","Usted tiene la llave, no ella.",{"id":889,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":104,"explanation":890,"exampleSentence":891,"blanks":892},"019faa5f-f5a4-75f8-9e8f-6aadc12bf501","Cuando expresamos el pronombre, su posición habitual es antes del verbo: «Ella canta».","Él practica los martes.",[893],{"id":894,"blankNumber":25,"options":895},"019faa5f-f5a4-75c4-9e8f-6aadc106603c",[896,899],{"id":897,"optionText":898,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a4-7574-9e8f-6aadbfc8f409","Ella canta los jueves.",{"id":900,"optionText":441,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a4-75a4-9e8f-6aadc073e54c",{"id":902,"sentenceTemplate":903,"displayOrder":115,"explanation":904,"exampleSentence":905,"blanks":906},"019faa5f-f5a4-76b0-9e8f-6aadc30c1bce","Construye la pregunta: __1__","En esta pregunta, «tú» aparece después del verbo «eres» y antes de la parte que identifica a la persona.","¿Eres tú quien trae los libros?",[907],{"id":908,"blankNumber":25,"options":909},"019faa5f-f5a4-767c-9e8f-6aadc2669f5f",[910,912],{"id":911,"optionText":76,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a4-763c-9e8f-6aadc19188db",{"id":913,"optionText":914,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a4-7660-9e8f-6aadc1a1c6be","¿Eres tú quien organiza la reunión?",{"id":916,"sentenceTemplate":663,"displayOrder":126,"explanation":917,"exampleSentence":918,"blanks":919},"019faa5f-f5a4-7758-9e8f-6aadc54ee029","Después de presentar a Luis por su nombre, usamos «él» para continuar hablando de la misma persona sin repetir el nombre.","Marta vive en Toledo; ella tiene una cafetería.",[920],{"id":921,"blankNumber":25,"options":922},"019faa5f-f5a4-772c-9e8f-6aadc477bc29",[923,926],{"id":924,"optionText":925,"isCorrect":38,"displayOrder":17},"019faa5f-f5a4-76ec-9e8f-6aadc3930d5a","Luis vive en Madrid; él tiene un hotel.",{"id":927,"optionText":131,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":25},"019faa5f-f5a4-770c-9e8f-6aadc40ae1cf",{"id":192,"grammarPage":167,"title":193,"instructions":194,"displayOrder":71,"type":195,"questions":929},[930,946,959,977,991,1006,1021,1035,1049,1065],{"id":931,"sentenceTemplate":932,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":933,"exampleSentence":934,"blanks":935,"payload":936},"01a01414-2180-7b91-92f4-dc80eac2cf10","Tu estudias español con tus amigos.","«Tú» lleva tilde cuando es el pronombre de sujeto informal y concuerda con «estudias».","Tú estudias español con tus amigos.",[],{"words":937,"correct":435,"wrongIndex":17,"corrections":943},[438,938,939,940,941,942],"estudias","español","con","tus","amigos.",[435,944,945],"Él","Usted",{"id":947,"sentenceTemplate":948,"displayOrder":25,"explanation":949,"exampleSentence":37,"blanks":950,"payload":951},"01a01414-2180-7c3d-92f4-dc80eb216e54","Mí preparo la cena esta noche.","El pronombre de sujeto de la persona que habla es «yo». «Mí» se usa después de una preposición, como en «para mí».",[],{"words":952,"correct":465,"wrongIndex":17,"corrections":958},[441,953,954,955,956,957],"preparo","la","cena","esta","noche.",[465,435,640],{"id":960,"sentenceTemplate":961,"displayOrder":49,"explanation":962,"exampleSentence":963,"blanks":964,"payload":965},"01a01414-2180-7cb1-92f4-dc80ebb80209","Don Ernesto, ¿usted necesitas sentarse aquí?","«Usted» se dirige formalmente a una persona y exige «necesita»; «sentarse» confirma el tratamiento de tercera persona.","Don Ernesto, ¿usted necesita sentarse aquí?",[],{"words":966,"correct":973,"wrongIndex":60,"corrections":974},[967,968,969,970,971,972],"Don","Ernesto,","¿usted","necesitas","sentarse","aquí?","necesita",[973,975,976],"necesito","necesitan",{"id":978,"sentenceTemplate":979,"displayOrder":60,"explanation":980,"exampleSentence":981,"blanks":982,"payload":983},"01a01414-2180-7d15-92f4-dc80ecaf73de","Ustedes conoce muy bien Madrid.","«Ustedes» usa la tercera persona plural, por eso el verbo correcto es «conocen».","Ustedes conocen muy bien Madrid.",[],{"words":984,"correct":415,"wrongIndex":25,"corrections":990},[985,986,987,988,989],"Ustedes","conoce","muy","bien","Madrid.",[415,418,421],{"id":992,"sentenceTemplate":993,"displayOrder":71,"explanation":994,"exampleSentence":995,"blanks":996,"payload":997},"01a01414-2180-7d6d-92f4-dc80ecfac870","Ana y yo somos amigas; nosotros salimos ahora.","El grupo incluye a quien habla y está formado solo por mujeres, así que usamos «nosotras» con «salimos».","Ana y yo somos amigas; nosotras salimos ahora.",[],{"words":998,"correct":98,"wrongIndex":82,"corrections":1005},[999,1000,31,1001,1002,87,1003,1004],"Ana","y","somos","amigas;","salimos","ahora.",[98,141,120],{"id":1007,"sentenceTemplate":1008,"displayOrder":82,"explanation":1009,"exampleSentence":1010,"blanks":1011,"payload":1012},"01a01414-2180-7dc5-92f4-dc80ed62a3ea","Ana y Marta son hermanas; ellos viven en Sevilla.","Ana y Marta forman un grupo de mujeres que no incluye a quien habla, por eso usamos «ellas».","Ana y Marta son hermanas; ellas viven en Sevilla.",[],{"words":1013,"correct":141,"wrongIndex":82,"corrections":1020},[999,1000,1014,1015,1016,131,1017,1018,1019],"Marta","son","hermanas;","viven","en","Sevilla.",[141,98,120],{"id":1022,"sentenceTemplate":1023,"displayOrder":93,"explanation":1024,"exampleSentence":1025,"blanks":1026,"payload":1027},"01a01414-2180-7e2d-92f4-dc80edb188f6","Pablo y Marta son mis vecinos; ellas viven en el tercero.","Para retomar un grupo mixto de otras personas, la forma tradicional general es «ellos».","Pablo y Marta son mis vecinos; ellos viven en el tercero.",[],{"words":1028,"correct":131,"wrongIndex":93,"corrections":1034},[1029,1000,1014,1015,1030,1031,141,1017,1018,1032,1033],"Pablo","mis","vecinos;","el","tercero.",[131,87,109],{"id":1036,"sentenceTemplate":1037,"displayOrder":104,"explanation":1038,"exampleSentence":1039,"blanks":1040,"payload":1041},"01a01414-2180-7ea9-92f4-dc80ee02b7cc","Luis y Ana estudia juntos los sábados.","El sujeto «Luis y Ana» es plural, por eso el verbo correcto es «estudian».","Luis y Ana estudian juntos los sábados.",[],{"words":1042,"correct":509,"wrongIndex":60,"corrections":1048},[1043,1000,999,1044,1045,1046,1047],"Luis","estudia","juntos","los","sábados.",[509,938,512],{"id":1050,"sentenceTemplate":1051,"displayOrder":115,"explanation":1052,"exampleSentence":1053,"blanks":1054,"payload":1055},"01a01414-2180-7efd-92f4-dc80eec07e95","Sus dos amigos habláis español en clase.","El sujeto «Sus dos amigos» exige la tercera persona plural: «hablan».","Sus dos amigos hablan español en clase.",[],{"words":1056,"correct":1062,"wrongIndex":60,"corrections":1063},[1057,1058,1059,1060,939,1018,1061],"Sus","dos","amigos","habláis","clase.","hablan",[1062,1064,400],"hablamos",{"id":1066,"sentenceTemplate":1067,"displayOrder":126,"explanation":1068,"exampleSentence":1069,"blanks":1070,"payload":1071},"01a01414-2180-7f5d-92f4-dc80ef9e2a5a","¿Eres mí la nueva médica?","En una pregunta, el pronombre de sujeto «tú» puede aparecer después del verbo: «¿Eres tú...?».","¿Eres tú la nueva médica?",[],{"words":1072,"correct":43,"wrongIndex":25,"corrections":1076},[1073,479,954,1074,1075],"¿Eres","nueva","médica?",[43,31,65],{"id":14,"name":15,"slug":160,"language":9,"level":10,"introduction":1078,"lessonCount":49,"totalExercises":18,"objectives":1079,"prerequisites":1083,"lessons":1085},"Este itinerario organiza pronombres personales y reflexivos en una progresión práctica. Empieza con «Pronombres personales de sujeto» y culmina con «Pronombres reflexivos básicos», de modo que cada lección prepara la siguiente y enlaza con su práctica.",[1080,1081,1082],"Comprender y aplicar pronombres personales de sujeto.","Relacionar «Pronombres personales de sujeto» con «Pronombres reflexivos básicos» y elegir la forma adecuada.","Practicar pronombres reflexivos básicos con criterios de forma, significado y contexto.",[1084],"Reconocer palabras frecuentes y el orden básico de una oración en español.",[1086,1095],{"id":4,"contentId":1087,"slug":6,"title":5,"level":10,"summary":1088,"order":25,"exercises":1089},"pg_019f76ef-905e-756e-b9b6-9461e6ef485e","Explica pronombres personales de sujeto mediante las personas del singular y las personas del plural. Abre la secuencia y fija la base para las lecciones siguientes.",[1090,1091,1092,1093,1094],{"id":166,"title":168,"order":17,"type":170},{"id":174,"title":175,"order":25,"type":170},{"id":180,"title":181,"order":49,"type":183},{"id":187,"title":188,"order":60,"type":183},{"id":192,"title":193,"order":71,"type":195},{"id":1096,"contentId":1097,"slug":1098,"title":1099,"level":10,"summary":1100,"order":49,"exercises":1101},"019f7f70-30bb-71c9-bbbe-3e4fc4aa85b3","pg_019f76ef-8b8a-7249-b34c-7958e90fa9cc","pronombres-reflexivos-basicos","Pronombres reflexivos básicos","Explica pronombres reflexivos básicos mediante acción reflexiva y los pronombres reflexivos. Cierra el recorrido integrando y afinando lo aprendido.",[1102,1105,1108,1111,1114],{"id":1103,"title":1104,"order":17,"type":170},"019f7f70-555e-739f-9e9f-f63a0aa7b9c5","Pronombres reflexivos y rutinas",{"id":1106,"title":1107,"order":25,"type":170},"019f7f70-5571-7ad9-81b6-555513f40692","Significado, posición y partes del cuerpo",{"id":1109,"title":1110,"order":49,"type":183},"019faa5f-f6d5-7987-b72b-ed9b20d3848f","Construye personas y rutinas",{"id":1112,"title":1113,"order":60,"type":183},"019faa5f-f6e6-79a0-91a5-65a008f5b510","Construye posición, negación y cuerpo",{"id":1115,"title":1116,"order":71,"type":195},"01a01414-2325-79e7-995b-b0b86475b7ec","Encuentra y corrige el reflexivo"]