[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-es-ser-y-estar-usos-esenciales":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-019f7f70-3119-755e-84f4-9b3d956f0cec":196,"grammar-exercise-workloads-019f7f70-3119-755e-84f4-9b3d956f0cec":230,"exercise-list-path-es-ser-estar-y-hay-a1":1098},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":193,"readyImages":195},"019f7f70-3119-755e-84f4-9b3d956f0cec","ser y estar: usos esenciales","ser-y-estar-usos-esenciales","Ser y estar corresponden a un solo verbo en otras lenguas, pero en español ser identifica o caracteriza y estar sitúa o describe un estado. Nivel A1.","En español, **ser** y **estar** pueden corresponder a un mismo verbo en otras lenguas, pero no expresan lo mismo. **Ser** identifica o caracteriza; **estar** sitúa o presenta un estado.\n\nAl terminar esta lección, podrás:\n\n- elegir entre **ser** y **estar** en situaciones básicas;\n- hablar de identidad, características, ubicación y estados;\n- evitar errores frecuentes con profesiones y lugares.\n\n## 1. Contraste principal\n\n| Persona | ser | estar |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| yo | soy | estoy |\n| tú | eres | estás |\n| él, ella, usted | es | está |\n| nosotros\u002Fas | somos | estamos |\n| vosotros\u002Fas | sois | estáis |\n| ellos, ellas, ustedes | son | están |\n\n| Idea | Verbo | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| identidad | **ser** | Ella **es** Marta. |\n| origen | **ser** | Somos de Perú. \u002F Soy peruana. |\n| profesión | **ser** | Soy médico. |\n| característica | **ser** | La casa **es** grande. |\n| ubicación de persona o cosa | **estar** | La casa **está** en el centro. |\n| estado o condición | **estar** | Marta **está** cansada. |\n\n:::example\nMi amigo **es** argentino y **es** profesor. Hoy **está** en Madrid y **está** muy contento.\n\n**Ser** presenta quién es; **estar** dice dónde está y cómo se siente hoy.\n:::\n\n## 2. Cuándo usar ser\n\nUsa **ser** para información que identifica o describe a una persona o cosa.\n\n- nombre o identidad: **Soy** Paula;\n- origen: Mis padres **son de** Ecuador;\n- profesión: Leo **es** cocinero;\n- relación: Ana y Luis **son** hermanos;\n- característica: El examen **es** difícil;\n- hora y fecha: **Son** las ocho; hoy **es** martes.\n\n\n## 3. Cuándo usar estar\n\nUsa **estar** para localizar personas o cosas y para hablar de su estado.\n\n| Uso | Pregunta útil | Ejemplo |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| lugar | ¿Dónde? | El banco **está** al lado del hotel. |\n| estado físico | ¿Cómo? | Yo **estoy** enfermo. |\n| emoción | ¿Cómo? | Ellas **están** felices. |\n| condición | ¿Cómo está? | La puerta **está** abierta. |\n| estado con adverbio | ¿Cómo está? | Estoy **bien** \u002F Estoy **mal**. |\n\nNo decimos ✗ *soy bien*: para estados usamos **estar**.\n\n:::tip\nSi la respuesta indica la ubicación de una persona o una cosa, usa **estar**: *Los baños están allí*.\n:::\n\n## 4. Lugar de una cosa y lugar de un evento\n\nLas personas y las cosas se localizan con **estar**, pero un evento se localiza con **ser**.\n\n:::example\nEl museo **está** en la plaza. → *Museo* es un lugar o edificio.\n\nPara decir que algo existe por primera vez, usamos **hay**: *Hay un banco junto al hotel*. Después lo localizamos con **estar**: *El banco está al lado del hotel*.\n\nLa exposición **es** en el museo. → *Exposición* es un evento.\n\nMis amigos **están** en el café. La fiesta **es** en el café.\n:::\n\n| Tipo | Verbo |\n| --- | --- |\n| persona, animal, objeto o edificio | **estar** |\n| clase, reunión, concierto, fiesta u otro evento | **ser** |\n\n## 5. Cómo elegir paso a paso\n\n1. ¿Dices quién es, de dónde es o qué profesión tiene? Usa **ser**.\n2. ¿Presentas una característica? Usa **ser**.\n3. ¿Dices dónde está una persona o una cosa? Usa **estar**.\n4. ¿Dices cómo se siente o en qué condición está? Usa **estar**.\n5. ¿Indicas dónde ocurre un evento? Usa **ser**.\n\n:::warning\n✓ Mi hermana **es médica** y hoy **está en el hospital**.\n\n✗ Mi hermana *está médica* y hoy *es en el hospital*.\n:::\n\n## 6. Mini comprobación\n\n| Completa | Respuesta |\n| --- | --- |\n| Ana ___ peruana. | **es** |\n| Las llaves ___ aquí. | **están** |\n| Hoy ___ martes. | **es** |\n| El concierto ___ a las ocho. | **es** |\n| Nosotros ___ bien hoy. | **estamos** |\n\nRecuerda dos preguntas: **¿qué o quién es?** suele llevar *ser*; **¿dónde o cómo está?** suele llevar *estar*.","es","A1",22,[13],{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},"01a03036-6152-763b-b210-5c0d6fb60b8f","Ser, estar y hay",false,0,20,"2026-07-20T12:11:26+00:00","2026-08-30T21:23:09+00:00",[22],{"id":23,"title":24,"grammarTopic":25,"displayOrder":26,"vocabularyListWords":27,"isPublished":40},"01a0548e-05b0-7caa-9a2b-9c0bc66f691f","Estados y ubicaciones con ser y estar",{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},3,[28,42,54,64,75,86,97,113,124,134,149,160,171,182],{"id":29,"vocabularyWord":30,"displayOrder":41},"01a0548e-05b0-7d22-9a2b-9c0bc69cc9c5",{"id":31,"word":32,"frequency":33,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":34,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03e9-7f89-b25b-039f977b66f9","feliz",10,[35],{"id":36,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":38,"exampleSentences":39,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-03ff-7ea2-838a-e28ec9495093","ADJECTIVE","Que siente alegría o satisfacción.","Estoy feliz con el resultado.",true,1,{"id":43,"vocabularyWord":44,"displayOrder":53},"01a0548e-05b0-7d5a-9a2b-9c0bc77c2c6b",{"id":45,"word":46,"frequency":47,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":48,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03ef-7d5b-94df-26e22202af8e","abierto",9,[49],{"id":50,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":51,"exampleSentences":52,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0400-795d-b8ec-decb112931b0","Que permite el paso porque no está cerrado.","La farmacia está abierta toda la noche.",2,{"id":55,"vocabularyWord":56,"displayOrder":26},"01a0548e-05b0-7d7e-9a2b-9c0bc81af591",{"id":57,"word":58,"frequency":47,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":59,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03f0-7895-bb75-d3c4aecfc3e5","cerrado",[60],{"id":61,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":62,"exampleSentences":63,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0400-7a89-b8ec-decb12246eab","Que no permite el paso porque no está abierto.","El banco está cerrado los domingos.",{"id":65,"vocabularyWord":66,"displayOrder":74},"01a0548e-05b0-7d9e-9a2b-9c0bc8265cb3",{"id":67,"word":68,"frequency":47,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":69,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03f4-762e-a7e2-c7603bea3e2c","limpio",[70],{"id":71,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":72,"exampleSentences":73,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0401-710c-8570-ff3551e2338c","Que no tiene suciedad ni manchas.","La cocina está limpia después de cenar.",4,{"id":76,"vocabularyWord":77,"displayOrder":85},"01a0548e-05b0-7dba-9a2b-9c0bc8a99f69",{"id":78,"word":79,"frequency":47,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":80,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03f5-717a-8281-126107f146ab","sucio",[81],{"id":82,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":83,"exampleSentences":84,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0401-7248-8570-ff3552347799","Que tiene manchas, polvo u otra suciedad.","El suelo está sucio después de la obra.",5,{"id":87,"vocabularyWord":88,"displayOrder":96},"01a0548e-05b0-7dd6-9a2b-9c0bc8ba4ff1",{"id":89,"word":90,"frequency":47,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":91,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03ed-78f9-871e-4d10a094f682","lleno",[92],{"id":93,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":94,"exampleSentences":95,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0400-755d-b8ec-decb0f8a8458","Que contiene todo lo que puede admitir o mucha cantidad de algo.","El autobús está lleno esta mañana.",6,{"id":98,"vocabularyWord":99,"displayOrder":112},"01a0548e-05b0-7df2-9a2b-9c0bc9220d94",{"id":100,"word":101,"frequency":47,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":102,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03ee-758e-b437-5a70071f6218","frío",[103,107],{"id":104,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":105,"exampleSentences":106,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0400-768d-b8ec-decb0f9878b3","Que tiene una temperatura baja.","El agua de la piscina está fría.",{"id":108,"partOfSpeech":109,"definition":110,"exampleSentences":111,"isPrimary":16,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0400-76dd-b8ec-decb108df757","NOUN","Temperatura baja o sensación producida por ella.","Hace mucho frío esta mañana.",7,{"id":114,"vocabularyWord":115,"displayOrder":123},"01a0548e-05b0-7e0e-9a2b-9c0bc97ef92c",{"id":116,"word":117,"frequency":47,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":118,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03ef-7237-94df-26e2218900d5","caliente",[119],{"id":120,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":121,"exampleSentences":122,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0400-7839-b8ec-decb111e6fc2","Que tiene una temperatura alta.","La sopa todavía está caliente.",8,{"id":125,"vocabularyWord":126,"displayOrder":47},"01a0548e-05b0-7e2a-9a2b-9c0bca2c1404",{"id":127,"word":128,"frequency":47,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":129,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03f3-7a1b-b614-9e4a7f8f9de5","tranquilo",[130],{"id":131,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":132,"exampleSentences":133,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0400-7f95-b8ec-decb147a089f","Que está calmado, sin agitación, ruido ni preocupación.","Es un barrio tranquilo por la noche.",{"id":135,"vocabularyWord":136,"displayOrder":33},"01a0548e-05b0-7e42-9a2b-9c0bca484519",{"id":137,"word":138,"frequency":33,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":139,"audio":16},"01a0548d-03f5-7c66-8281-1261080e4326","bien",[140,145],{"id":141,"partOfSpeech":142,"definition":143,"exampleSentences":144,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0401-7358-8570-ff355327d419","ADVERB","De manera adecuada, correcta o satisfactoria.","Mi hermana canta muy bien.",{"id":146,"partOfSpeech":109,"definition":147,"exampleSentences":148,"isPrimary":16,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-0401-73a4-8570-ff3553675420","Aquello que resulta beneficioso o moralmente correcto.","La medida busca el bien de toda la comunidad.",{"id":150,"vocabularyWord":151,"displayOrder":159},"01a0548e-05b0-7e5e-9a2b-9c0bcaca1112",{"id":152,"word":153,"frequency":33,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":154,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0475-7201-b25f-91f3168147aa","aquí",[155],{"id":156,"partOfSpeech":142,"definition":157,"exampleSentences":158,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-04b0-7957-a1be-ab635d44d7cd","En el lugar donde está quien habla.","Aquí hace más fresco que en la calle.",11,{"id":161,"vocabularyWord":162,"displayOrder":170},"01a0548e-05b0-7e76-9a2b-9c0bcae01c89",{"id":163,"word":164,"frequency":47,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":165,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0475-7d6d-b25f-91f316a7d63d","allí",[166],{"id":167,"partOfSpeech":142,"definition":168,"exampleSentences":169,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-04b0-7a7b-a1be-ab635dcc8dfd","En un lugar alejado de quien habla.","La estación está allí, detrás del museo.",12,{"id":172,"vocabularyWord":173,"displayOrder":181},"01a0548e-05b0-7e92-9a2b-9c0bcaf03920",{"id":174,"word":175,"frequency":33,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":176,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0476-782e-a39c-c01b2d76cf03","hoy",[177],{"id":178,"partOfSpeech":142,"definition":179,"exampleSentences":180,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-04b0-7b8b-a1be-ab635ead868e","En el día presente.","Hoy tenemos clase de español.",13,{"id":183,"vocabularyWord":184,"displayOrder":192},"01a0548e-05b0-7eaa-9a2b-9c0bcb415589",{"id":185,"word":186,"frequency":33,"level":10,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":187,"audio":16},"01a0548d-0474-7734-b347-479b29a1359f","ahora",[188],{"id":189,"partOfSpeech":142,"definition":190,"exampleSentences":191,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a0548d-04b0-782f-a1be-ab635d269181","En este momento o en el periodo presente.","Ahora trabajo desde casa tres días por semana.",14,{"name":15,"slug":194,"language":9},"ser-estar-y-hay-a1",[],[197,206,212,219,224],{"@id":198,"@type":199,"id":200,"grammarPage":201,"title":202,"instructions":203,"displayOrder":17,"type":204,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":205},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019f7f70-59b4-70a4-a55d-4d35c1a6c845","GrammarExercise","019f7f70-59b4-70a4-a55d-4d35c1a6c845","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F019f7f70-3119-755e-84f4-9b3d956f0cec","Identidad, características y eventos","Elige la forma de ser o estar que corresponde a la función indicada por el contexto. Algunas frases tienen dos espacios relacionados.","word_select","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7e4c-5d78-72e5-840c-80372b817f1c_hero.webp",{"@id":207,"@type":199,"id":208,"grammarPage":201,"title":209,"instructions":210,"displayOrder":41,"type":204,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":211},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019f7f70-59c5-7f7a-abde-6b84b28446e7","019f7f70-59c5-7f7a-abde-6b84b28446e7","Ubicación, estados y contrastes","Completa cada situación con ser o estar. Usa las pistas de lugar, estado, condición o evento para decidir.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_019f7e4c-5dc4-7b66-b3c0-b401c7e50349_hero.webp",{"@id":213,"@type":199,"id":214,"grammarPage":201,"title":215,"instructions":216,"displayOrder":53,"type":217,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":218},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019faa5f-fee0-7c33-ab0d-31a11247fd69","019faa5f-fee0-7c33-ab0d-31a11247fd69","Construye frases con ser","Toca las palabras en el orden correcto para construir cada frase. Hay una palabra que no necesitas.","sentence_builder","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_26e3df4f-806e-4b71-9c08-e5fcb733e100_hero.webp",{"@id":220,"@type":199,"id":221,"grammarPage":201,"title":222,"instructions":216,"displayOrder":26,"type":217,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":223},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F019faa5f-fef3-77f5-bdd1-4cf664b376d4","019faa5f-fef3-77f5-bdd1-4cf664b376d4","Construye frases con estar y localiza eventos","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_7b516a32-7561-4a4f-adea-7e0bfedcb407_hero.webp",{"@id":225,"@type":199,"id":226,"grammarPage":201,"title":227,"instructions":228,"displayOrder":74,"type":229,"isCompleted":16},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a01414-2ed3-7c2d-91a9-192da7448c67","01a01414-2ed3-7c2d-91a9-192da7448c67","Corrige ser o estar","Cada oración contiene una forma incorrecta de ser o estar. Tócala y elige la forma adecuada.","find_and_fix",{"019f7f70-59b4-70a4-a55d-4d35c1a6c845":231,"019f7f70-59c5-7f7a-abde-6b84b28446e7":444,"019faa5f-fee0-7c33-ab0d-31a11247fd69":683,"019faa5f-fef3-77f5-bdd1-4cf664b376d4":817,"01a01414-2ed3-7c2d-91a9-192da7448c67":949},{"id":200,"grammarPage":201,"title":202,"instructions":203,"displayOrder":17,"type":204,"questions":232,"ogImageUrl":205},[233,250,268,284,300,315,330,348,363,378,396,420],{"id":234,"sentenceTemplate":235,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":236,"exampleSentence":237,"blanks":238},"019f7f70-59b4-71f8-a55d-4d35c42726b9","Me llamo Inés: yo __1__ Inés.","Presentamos la identidad con «ser»; para «yo» usamos «soy».","Me llamo Bruno: soy Bruno.",[239],{"id":240,"blankNumber":41,"options":241},"019f7f70-59b4-71b0-a55d-4d35c3286e48",[242,245,248],{"id":243,"optionText":244,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-712c-a55d-4d35c1f6e176","soy",{"id":246,"optionText":247,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7168-a55d-4d35c25ae8b6","estoy",{"id":249,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-718c-a55d-4d35c28d41c4",{"id":251,"sentenceTemplate":252,"displayOrder":41,"explanation":253,"exampleSentence":254,"blanks":255},"019f7f70-59b4-72e4-a55d-4d35c5b430b0","Bolivia es nuestro país de origen; nosotros __1__ de Bolivia.","Para expresar origen usamos «ser de»; con «nosotros» corresponde «somos».","Mis vecinos son de Uruguay.",[256],{"id":257,"blankNumber":41,"options":258},"019f7f70-59b4-72b0-a55d-4d35c57ded8e",[259,262,265],{"id":260,"optionText":261,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7248-a55d-4d35c4bad306","estamos",{"id":263,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7270-a55d-4d35c54a981d","son",{"id":266,"optionText":267,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-7290-a55d-4d35c56036a6","somos",{"id":269,"sentenceTemplate":270,"displayOrder":53,"explanation":271,"exampleSentence":272,"blanks":273},"019f7f70-59b4-73c0-a55d-4d35c8543ee0","Clara diseña edificios y lo hace como profesión; ella __1__ arquitecta.","Clara es la persona descrita, y las profesiones se expresan con «ser»: ella es arquitecta.","Tomás trabaja en una cocina y es cocinero.",[274],{"id":275,"blankNumber":41,"options":276},"019f7f70-59b4-7388-a55d-4d35c7d4574c",[277,279,282],{"id":278,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7328-a55d-4d35c67314c3",{"id":280,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-734c-a55d-4d35c717f3c6","está",{"id":283,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-736c-a55d-4d35c7303c6b",{"id":285,"sentenceTemplate":286,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":287,"exampleSentence":288,"blanks":289},"019f7f70-59b4-759c-a55d-4d35ca056ff8","Nora y Raúl tienen los mismos abuelos; ellos __1__ primos.","Una relación familiar se presenta con «ser»; para «ellos» usamos «son».","Lola y Eva son hermanas.",[290],{"id":291,"blankNumber":41,"options":292},"019f7f70-59b4-755c-a55d-4d35c9b3da4a",[293,296,298],{"id":294,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7448-a55d-4d35c8d04fce","están",{"id":297,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7488-a55d-4d35c9183e85",{"id":299,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-7534-a55d-4d35c929bd5a",{"id":301,"sentenceTemplate":302,"displayOrder":74,"explanation":303,"exampleSentence":304,"blanks":305},"019f7f70-59b4-7674-a55d-4d35cd525958","La mesa tiene forma circular; por esa característica __1__ redonda.","La forma redonda caracteriza a la mesa, por eso usamos «es».","El pasillo es estrecho y oscuro.",[306],{"id":307,"blankNumber":41,"options":308},"019f7f70-59b4-7640-a55d-4d35ccc0ab48",[309,311,313],{"id":310,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-75e0-a55d-4d35cab4777c",{"id":312,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7604-a55d-4d35cb9875b1",{"id":314,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-7624-a55d-4d35cc916d99",{"id":316,"sentenceTemplate":317,"displayOrder":85,"explanation":318,"exampleSentence":319,"blanks":320},"019f7f70-59b4-7748-a55d-4d35cf6fcff6","Describimos su manera habitual de tratar a los demás: ellos __1__ generosos.","La generosidad se presenta aquí como una característica habitual, así que usamos «son».","Mi nueva compañera es muy amable con todos.",[321],{"id":322,"blankNumber":41,"options":323},"019f7f70-59b4-7714-a55d-4d35cf435e54",[324,326,328],{"id":325,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-76b8-a55d-4d35ce060986",{"id":327,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-76d8-a55d-4d35ce4a95b9",{"id":329,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-76f8-a55d-4d35cf08cfbd",{"id":331,"sentenceTemplate":332,"displayOrder":96,"explanation":333,"exampleSentence":334,"blanks":335},"019f7f70-59b4-7820-a55d-4d35d1d39b3c","El reloj marca las nueve en punto: __1__ las nueve.","Para decir la hora usamos «ser» en plural: son las nueve.","Ahora son las once y media.",[336],{"id":337,"blankNumber":41,"options":338},"019f7f70-59b4-77ec-a55d-4d35d1061162",[339,342,345],{"id":340,"optionText":341,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-778c-a55d-4d35cfdb92ba","Están",{"id":343,"optionText":344,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-77b0-a55d-4d35d00a1562","Son",{"id":346,"optionText":347,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-77cc-a55d-4d35d048a61c","Es",{"id":349,"sentenceTemplate":350,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":351,"exampleSentence":352,"blanks":353},"019f7f70-59b4-7900-a55d-4d35d39fb4a1","El calendario indica el día de hoy: hoy __1__ jueves.","Para decir el día o la fecha usamos «ser»: hoy es jueves.","Mañana es diez de mayo.",[354],{"id":355,"blankNumber":41,"options":356},"019f7f70-59b4-78cc-a55d-4d35d39e2db2",[357,359,361],{"id":358,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7860-a55d-4d35d1ea5ae0",{"id":360,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7880-a55d-4d35d22bd779",{"id":362,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-78a0-a55d-4d35d2eb2aed",{"id":364,"sentenceTemplate":365,"displayOrder":123,"explanation":366,"exampleSentence":367,"blanks":368},"019f7f70-59b4-79d4-a55d-4d35d74b6df9","Hablamos de una actividad programada, no del aula como edificio: la clase __1__ en el aula 3.","Una clase entendida como evento se localiza con «ser»: la clase es en el aula 3.","La conferencia es en la biblioteca a las seis.",[369],{"id":370,"blankNumber":41,"options":371},"019f7f70-59b4-799c-a55d-4d35d6632b0c",[372,374,376],{"id":373,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7944-a55d-4d35d49e4b7c",{"id":375,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7964-a55d-4d35d4cf4634",{"id":377,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-7980-a55d-4d35d59753e4",{"id":379,"sentenceTemplate":380,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":381,"exampleSentence":382,"blanks":383},"019f7f70-59b4-7aa4-a55d-4d35db3adef2","Para responder a «¿quién es?» o presentar una característica, normalmente elegimos __1__.","La identidad y las características son funciones básicas de «ser».","«Es mi vecino» identifica; «es paciente» caracteriza.",[384],{"id":385,"blankNumber":41,"options":386},"019f7f70-59b4-7a70-a55d-4d35da56edae",[387,390,393],{"id":388,"optionText":389,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7a14-a55d-4d35d8018a0f","estar",{"id":391,"optionText":392,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7a34-a55d-4d35d8a64603","ser",{"id":394,"optionText":395,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-7a50-a55d-4d35d97a6490","haber",{"id":397,"sentenceTemplate":398,"displayOrder":33,"explanation":399,"exampleSentence":400,"blanks":401},"019f7f70-59b4-7bfc-a55d-4d35de1fbcd9","Diego trabaja como enfermero y ahora se encuentra en la clínica: Diego __1__ enfermero y __2__ en la clínica.","La profesión usa «es»; la ubicación actual de una persona usa «está».","Marta es profesora y hoy está en la universidad.",[402,411],{"id":403,"blankNumber":41,"options":404},"019f7f70-59b4-7b40-a55d-4d35dcf05b2a",[405,407,409],{"id":406,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7ae4-a55d-4d35db80ecac",{"id":408,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7b04-a55d-4d35dc3c6fe2",{"id":410,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-7b20-a55d-4d35dc868f4f",{"id":412,"blankNumber":53,"options":413},"019f7f70-59b4-7bcc-a55d-4d35ddf4ff0e",[414,416,418],{"id":415,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7b70-a55d-4d35dd34c5a8",{"id":417,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7b90-a55d-4d35dd8ac9fa",{"id":419,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-7bb0-a55d-4d35ddcf0d7b",{"id":421,"sentenceTemplate":422,"displayOrder":159,"explanation":423,"exampleSentence":424,"blanks":425},"019f7f70-59b4-7d80-a55d-4d35e3d1b627","Lucía trata siempre a todos con calma, pero hoy siente nervios por el examen: ella __1__ tranquila y hoy __2__ nerviosa.","«Es tranquila» describe su carácter; «está nerviosa» presenta cómo se siente hoy.","Andrés es optimista, pero ahora está preocupado.",[426,435],{"id":427,"blankNumber":41,"options":428},"019f7f70-59b4-7cc0-a55d-4d35e0b6e805",[429,431,433],{"id":430,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7c5c-a55d-4d35dee1f6ac",{"id":432,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7c80-a55d-4d35dfcd8940",{"id":434,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-7ca0-a55d-4d35e09fb2f8",{"id":436,"blankNumber":53,"options":437},"019f7f70-59b4-7d4c-a55d-4d35e3152e97",[438,440,442],{"id":439,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019f7f70-59b4-7cf0-a55d-4d35e0caa2f1",{"id":441,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019f7f70-59b4-7d10-a55d-4d35e178473c",{"id":443,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019f7f70-59b4-7d30-a55d-4d35e24df72a",{"id":208,"grammarPage":201,"title":209,"instructions":210,"displayOrder":41,"type":204,"questions":445,"ogImageUrl":211},[446,461,479,497,512,536,551,566,581,605,629,644,659],{"id":447,"sentenceTemplate":448,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":449,"exampleSentence":450,"blanks":451},"019fc2c5-6849-72d6-83e3-8261c996e844","Te digo mi ubicación actual: yo __1__ en la biblioteca.","La ubicación de una persona se expresa con «estar»; para «yo» usamos «estoy».","Ahora estoy en la estación de autobuses.",[452],{"id":453,"blankNumber":41,"options":454},"019fc2c5-6849-7246-83e3-8261c8c6a60e",[455,457,459],{"id":456,"optionText":247,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-713e-83e3-8261c8759dbe",{"id":458,"optionText":244,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-71b2-83e3-8261c8978e42",{"id":460,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-7202-83e3-8261c8b8abcb",{"id":462,"sentenceTemplate":463,"displayOrder":41,"explanation":464,"exampleSentence":465,"blanks":466},"019fc2c5-6849-74c6-83e3-8261cae6e809","La respuesta «Ellos están en la plaza» corresponde a la pregunta __1__.","La respuesta da la ubicación de los amigos, por eso contesta a «¿Dónde están tus amigos?».","«Están en casa» responde a «¿Dónde están tus padres?».",[467],{"id":468,"blankNumber":41,"options":469},"019fc2c5-6849-743a-83e3-8261ca9b3410",[470,473,476],{"id":471,"optionText":472,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-736a-83e3-8261c9e00567","¿Quiénes son tus amigos?",{"id":474,"optionText":475,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-73b2-83e3-8261ca4d7c1c","¿Dónde están tus amigos?",{"id":477,"optionText":478,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-73f6-83e3-8261ca8778ed","¿Cómo son tus amigos?",{"id":480,"sentenceTemplate":481,"displayOrder":53,"explanation":482,"exampleSentence":483,"blanks":484},"019fc2c5-6849-75ca-83e3-8261cdbe110f","Corrige «Las llaves son dentro del cajón»: __1__.","La frase localiza unos objetos, así que necesitamos «están», no «son».","Los vasos están sobre la mesa.",[485],{"id":486,"blankNumber":41,"options":487},"019fc2c5-6849-758a-83e3-8261cd1976b7",[488,491,494],{"id":489,"optionText":490,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-751e-83e3-8261cb9058df","Las llaves son dentro del cajón.",{"id":492,"optionText":493,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-7546-83e3-8261cc0146e9","Las llaves es dentro del cajón.",{"id":495,"optionText":496,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-756a-83e3-8261cc7daf23","Las llaves están dentro del cajón.",{"id":498,"sentenceTemplate":499,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":500,"exampleSentence":501,"blanks":502},"019fc2c5-6849-76c6-83e3-8261d162209d","La farmacia __1__ frente a la parada de autobús.","Localizamos un edificio, por eso usamos «está».","El ayuntamiento está junto a la plaza.",[503],{"id":504,"blankNumber":41,"options":505},"019fc2c5-6849-7686-83e3-8261d0febef1",[506,508,510],{"id":507,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-7622-83e3-8261ceab74d8",{"id":509,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-7646-83e3-8261cf83a53b",{"id":511,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-766a-83e3-8261d0081d1b",{"id":513,"sentenceTemplate":514,"displayOrder":74,"explanation":515,"exampleSentence":516,"blanks":517},"019fc2c5-6849-7842-83e3-8261d5b18037","La perra se llama Luna y ahora se encuentra en el jardín: ella __1__ Luna y __2__ en el jardín.","El nombre identifica al animal y usa «es»; su ubicación actual usa «está».","El gato es Milo y está debajo de la mesa.",[518,527],{"id":519,"blankNumber":41,"options":520},"019fc2c5-6849-7772-83e3-8261d3fc22d9",[521,523,525],{"id":522,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-770e-83e3-8261d1d64061",{"id":524,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-772e-83e3-8261d2cbef23",{"id":526,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-774e-83e3-8261d32e2bb8",{"id":528,"blankNumber":53,"options":529},"019fc2c5-6849-7806-83e3-8261d54c8863",[530,532,534],{"id":531,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-77a6-83e3-8261d42a6745",{"id":533,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-77ca-83e3-8261d44b0190",{"id":535,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-77ea-83e3-8261d470489c",{"id":537,"sentenceTemplate":538,"displayOrder":85,"explanation":539,"exampleSentence":540,"blanks":541},"019fc2c5-6849-7936-83e3-8261d8545e2b","Tengo fiebre y me duele la cabeza; yo __1__ enferma.","La frase presenta un estado físico, así que usamos «estoy».","Después del viaje estoy muy cansado.",[542],{"id":543,"blankNumber":41,"options":544},"019fc2c5-6849-78fa-83e3-8261d7c7fc5f",[545,547,549],{"id":546,"optionText":244,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-789a-83e3-8261d68c8e06",{"id":548,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-78be-83e3-8261d6bdd389",{"id":550,"optionText":247,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-78de-83e3-8261d7025809",{"id":552,"sentenceTemplate":553,"displayOrder":96,"explanation":554,"exampleSentence":555,"blanks":556},"019fc2c5-6849-7a1e-83e3-8261da7478ab","Las niñas reciben una noticia que esperaban y __1__ felices.","La alegría es la emoción que sienten en esta situación, así que usamos «están».","Estamos contentos con el resultado.",[557],{"id":558,"blankNumber":41,"options":559},"019fc2c5-6849-79e6-83e3-8261da644412",[560,562,564],{"id":561,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-797a-83e3-8261d8917de5",{"id":563,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-799e-83e3-8261d8e7a467",{"id":565,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-79c6-83e3-8261d9c1ca87",{"id":567,"sentenceTemplate":568,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":569,"exampleSentence":570,"blanks":571},"019fc2c5-6849-7afe-83e3-8261dc74396a","No podemos entrar porque la puerta __1__ cerrada.","«Cerrada» presenta la condición de la puerta, por lo que usamos «está».","La ventana está abierta y entra aire.",[572],{"id":573,"blankNumber":41,"options":574},"019fc2c5-6849-7ac6-83e3-8261dbec3ceb",[575,577,579],{"id":576,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-7a66-83e3-8261da7bc72c",{"id":578,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-7a86-83e3-8261daa59810",{"id":580,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-7aa6-83e3-8261db3b5b67",{"id":582,"sentenceTemplate":583,"displayOrder":123,"explanation":584,"exampleSentence":585,"blanks":586},"019fc2c5-6849-7c6e-83e3-8261e1d8249a","El centro cultural, como edificio, __1__ en la calle Luna; la exposición, como evento, __2__ en el centro cultural.","El edificio se localiza con «está»; el lugar donde ocurre el evento se indica con «es».","El teatro está en el centro y la obra es en el teatro.",[587,596],{"id":588,"blankNumber":41,"options":589},"019fc2c5-6849-7b9e-83e3-8261df5456ae",[590,592,594],{"id":591,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-7b42-83e3-8261dd73dca5",{"id":593,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-7b62-83e3-8261de20ae2c",{"id":595,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-7b82-83e3-8261df121d2d",{"id":597,"blankNumber":53,"options":598},"019fc2c5-6849-7c36-83e3-8261e1b7516a",[599,601,603],{"id":600,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-7bd2-83e3-8261e00f47b4",{"id":602,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-7bfa-83e3-8261e080b9d3",{"id":604,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-7c1a-83e3-8261e11422c0",{"id":606,"sentenceTemplate":607,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":608,"exampleSentence":609,"blanks":610},"019fc2c5-6849-7dfa-83e3-8261e51cfe9a","La sala mide pocos metros, y ahora no hay nadie dentro: la sala __1__ pequeña y ahora __2__ vacía.","El tamaño es una característica, por eso usamos «es»; «vacía» indica su condición actual, por eso usamos «está».","El piso es luminoso, pero hoy está desordenado.",[611,620],{"id":612,"blankNumber":41,"options":613},"019fc2c5-6849-7d22-83e3-8261e3e701c8",[614,616,618],{"id":615,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-7cc6-83e3-8261e268d52d",{"id":617,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-7ce6-83e3-8261e34cac69",{"id":619,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-7d06-83e3-8261e3d5b19f",{"id":621,"blankNumber":53,"options":622},"019fc2c5-6849-7dbe-83e3-8261e474e0ad",[623,625,627],{"id":624,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-7d62-83e3-8261e43d0082",{"id":626,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-7d82-83e3-8261e45fd50f",{"id":628,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-7da2-83e3-8261e47281ea",{"id":630,"sentenceTemplate":631,"displayOrder":33,"explanation":632,"exampleSentence":633,"blanks":634},"019fc2c5-6849-7ee6-83e3-8261e7f3dd4f","Si la información responde a «¿dónde?» para una persona o cosa, o a «¿cómo se encuentra?», elegimos __1__.","La ubicación de personas y cosas, y sus estados o condiciones, se expresan con «estar».","«¿Dónde está Ana?» y «¿Cómo está Ana?» llevan «estar».",[635],{"id":636,"blankNumber":41,"options":637},"019fc2c5-6849-7eae-83e3-8261e738f22f",[638,640,642],{"id":639,"optionText":392,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-7e4e-83e3-8261e5b9aa98",{"id":641,"optionText":395,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-7e6e-83e3-8261e6392480",{"id":643,"optionText":389,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-7e8e-83e3-8261e7177be7",{"id":645,"sentenceTemplate":646,"displayOrder":159,"explanation":647,"exampleSentence":648,"blanks":649},"019fc2c5-684a-7023-b19a-0c31149cf919","Madrid no cambia de país cada día, pero para localizarla decimos «Madrid __1__ en España».","La ubicación de una cosa o lugar usa «estar», aunque la ubicación sea estable.","El océano Atlántico está entre América y Europa.",[650],{"id":651,"blankNumber":41,"options":652},"019fc2c5-6849-7f8a-83e3-8261ea249671",[653,655,657],{"id":654,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-6849-7f2a-83e3-8261e8ea8009",{"id":656,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-6849-7f4a-83e3-8261e99d039b",{"id":658,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-6849-7f6a-83e3-8261e9ec5a57",{"id":660,"sentenceTemplate":661,"displayOrder":170,"explanation":662,"exampleSentence":663,"blanks":664},"019fc2c5-684a-71a3-b19a-0c31187babd5","La escuela tiene una característica y la mochila tiene una ubicación: «La escuela __1__ grande y la mochila __2__ en el aula».","El tamaño es una característica de la escuela, por eso usamos «es»; la mochila se localiza en el aula, por eso usamos «está».","El edificio es alto y la bicicleta está junto a la puerta.",[665,674],{"id":666,"blankNumber":41,"options":667},"019fc2c5-684a-70cb-b19a-0c311636290e",[668,670,672],{"id":669,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-684a-706f-b19a-0c3114f6a3db",{"id":671,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-684a-708f-b19a-0c3115178942",{"id":673,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-684a-70af-b19a-0c31155a0790",{"id":675,"blankNumber":53,"options":676},"019fc2c5-684a-7167-b19a-0c3117b5d4f9",[677,679,681],{"id":678,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-684a-7103-b19a-0c3116d58523",{"id":680,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-684a-7123-b19a-0c311721af15",{"id":682,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":53},"019fc2c5-684a-713f-b19a-0c31173b8443",{"id":214,"grammarPage":201,"title":215,"instructions":216,"displayOrder":53,"type":217,"questions":684,"ogImageUrl":218},[685,699,712,725,738,751,764,777,790,803],{"id":686,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":688,"exampleSentence":689,"blanks":690},"019fc2c5-687d-7207-ad8a-d443b25ab4cf","Construye la frase: __1__","Para identificarnos usamos «soy» con «yo» y «es» con «ella».","Yo soy Lucas; ella es mi compañera.",[691],{"id":692,"blankNumber":41,"options":693},"019fc2c5-687d-71ab-ad8a-d443b1aef8df",[694,697],{"id":695,"optionText":696,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-7117-ad8a-d443b0c335b4","Yo soy Ana; ella es mi profesora.",{"id":698,"optionText":247,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-7177-ad8a-d443b15224aa",{"id":700,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":41,"explanation":701,"exampleSentence":702,"blanks":703},"019fc2c5-687d-72d3-ad8a-d443b4c889db","El origen se expresa con «ser de»: la pregunta dirigida a «tú» lleva «eres» y la respuesta usa «soy».","Perú es su país; ellos son de Perú.",[704],{"id":705,"blankNumber":41,"options":706},"019fc2c5-687d-729b-ad8a-d443b4978166",[707,709],{"id":708,"optionText":247,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-7257-ad8a-d443b30d77ed",{"id":710,"optionText":711,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-727b-ad8a-d443b3c7ca78","¿De dónde eres? Soy de Chile.",{"id":713,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":53,"explanation":714,"exampleSentence":715,"blanks":716},"019fc2c5-687d-738f-ad8a-d443b7853242","La profesión se construye con «ser» y sin artículo: «soy enfermera».","Trabajo en una escuela; soy profesora.",[717],{"id":718,"blankNumber":41,"options":719},"019fc2c5-687d-735b-ad8a-d443b74ecda5",[720,723],{"id":721,"optionText":722,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-7317-ad8a-d443b5abdb29","Trabajo en un hospital; soy enfermera.",{"id":724,"optionText":247,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-733b-ad8a-d443b6ab84c1",{"id":726,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":727,"exampleSentence":728,"blanks":729},"019fc2c5-687d-7447-ad8a-d443b9cb8353","La identidad o relación se expresa con «ser»: «es mi hermana».","El hombre del sombrero es mi tío.",[730],{"id":731,"blankNumber":41,"options":732},"019fc2c5-687d-740f-ad8a-d443b906cab7",[733,735],{"id":734,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-73cf-ad8a-d443b8811dc2",{"id":736,"optionText":737,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-73f3-ad8a-d443b8f61fc7","La mujer de rojo es mi hermana.",{"id":739,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":74,"explanation":740,"exampleSentence":741,"blanks":742},"019fc2c5-687d-751b-ad8a-d443bb7d112e","Una característica del piso usa «ser»: sujeto + información que lo identifica + «es pequeño».","La casa que vemos es grande.",[743],{"id":744,"blankNumber":41,"options":745},"019fc2c5-687d-74e3-ad8a-d443bb344444",[746,749],{"id":747,"optionText":748,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-7487-ad8a-d443b9d853df","El piso que buscamos es pequeño.",{"id":750,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-74c3-ad8a-d443ba3b1dc8",{"id":752,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":85,"explanation":753,"exampleSentence":754,"blanks":755},"019fc2c5-687d-75e7-ad8a-d443bd453dc2","Para describir una característica habitual usamos «ser»: primero vemos la conducta y después «es paciente».","Mi vecina es amable con los niños.",[756],{"id":757,"blankNumber":41,"options":758},"019fc2c5-687d-75af-ad8a-d443bc460c0f",[759,761],{"id":760,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-756b-ad8a-d443bb8b4bdb",{"id":762,"optionText":763,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-758f-ad8a-d443bbb0456b","Mi profesor escucha a todos; es paciente.",{"id":765,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":96,"explanation":766,"exampleSentence":767,"blanks":768},"019fc2c5-687d-769b-ad8a-d443bf4729dc","Las relaciones familiares usan «ser»; con dos personas usamos «son».","Nuria y Pablo son primos.",[769],{"id":770,"blankNumber":41,"options":771},"019fc2c5-687d-7667-ad8a-d443be6ce500",[772,775],{"id":773,"optionText":774,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-7627-ad8a-d443bd5ba390","Rosa es hermana de Luis.",{"id":776,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-7647-ad8a-d443be362c77",{"id":778,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":779,"exampleSentence":780,"blanks":781},"019fc2c5-687d-774b-ad8a-d443c0650d02","Para decir la hora usamos «ser» en plural: «son las cinco».","Ahora son las diez de la mañana.",[782],{"id":783,"blankNumber":41,"options":784},"019fc2c5-687d-7717-ad8a-d443c025f62a",[785,787],{"id":786,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-76db-ad8a-d443bf8478f4",{"id":788,"optionText":789,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-76fb-ad8a-d443bf99b7e0","Ahora son las cinco de la tarde.",{"id":791,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":123,"explanation":792,"exampleSentence":793,"blanks":794},"019fc2c5-687d-77fb-ad8a-d443c18c3bcb","Los días se expresan con «ser»: «hoy es lunes».","Mañana es viernes, no jueves.",[795],{"id":796,"blankNumber":41,"options":797},"019fc2c5-687d-77c7-ad8a-d443c13435d6",[798,801],{"id":799,"optionText":800,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-778b-ad8a-d443c081aab8","Hoy es lunes, no martes.",{"id":802,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-77ab-ad8a-d443c119e48b",{"id":804,"sentenceTemplate":805,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":806,"exampleSentence":807,"blanks":808},"019fc2c5-687d-78ab-ad8a-d443c3f6c58d","Construye la pregunta: __1__","La pregunta por la identidad lleva «quién» + «es» + la persona.","¿Quién es la nueva profesora?",[809],{"id":810,"blankNumber":41,"options":811},"019fc2c5-687d-7877-ad8a-d443c3bf2c7c",[812,814],{"id":813,"optionText":281,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-687d-783b-ad8a-d443c244c2d1",{"id":815,"optionText":816,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-687d-785b-ad8a-d443c3390ec0","¿Quién es el nuevo cocinero?",{"id":221,"grammarPage":201,"title":222,"instructions":216,"displayOrder":26,"type":217,"questions":818,"ogImageUrl":223},[819,832,845,858,871,884,897,910,923,936],{"id":820,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":821,"exampleSentence":822,"blanks":823},"019fc2c5-689d-799a-82da-3b5b8628b579","La ubicación de una persona usa «estar»: después de explicar el día, decimos «estoy en casa».","Hoy descanso; estoy en el jardín.",[824],{"id":825,"blankNumber":41,"options":826},"019fc2c5-689d-7942-82da-3b5b8611225e",[827,830],{"id":828,"optionText":829,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689d-789e-82da-3b5b85c00f5e","Como hoy no trabajo, estoy en casa.",{"id":831,"optionText":244,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689d-78fe-82da-3b5b85d206fd",{"id":833,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":41,"explanation":834,"exampleSentence":835,"blanks":836},"019fc2c5-689d-7a6e-82da-3b5b87a2886c","Para localizar objetos usamos «estar»: «allí están las llaves».","Mira el sofá: allí están las gafas.",[837],{"id":838,"blankNumber":41,"options":839},"019fc2c5-689d-7a32-82da-3b5b86b6b787",[840,842],{"id":841,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689d-79ee-82da-3b5b864395a3",{"id":843,"optionText":844,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689d-7a12-82da-3b5b8694de30","Mira la mesa: allí están las llaves.",{"id":846,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":53,"explanation":847,"exampleSentence":848,"blanks":849},"019fc2c5-689d-7b2a-82da-3b5b88f44b13","El banco es un edificio, así que su ubicación se expresa con «está».","La farmacia que buscas está junto al hotel.",[850],{"id":851,"blankNumber":41,"options":852},"019fc2c5-689d-7af2-82da-3b5b887d31af",[853,856],{"id":854,"optionText":855,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689d-7ab2-82da-3b5b87dc4083","El banco que buscas está frente al mercado.",{"id":857,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689d-7ad6-82da-3b5b87f19049",{"id":859,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":860,"exampleSentence":861,"blanks":862},"019fc2c5-689d-7be6-82da-3b5b8adeb01c","El cansancio es un estado físico; usamos «estamos» después del sujeto implícito nosotros.","Después de la caminata, estoy muy cansada.",[863],{"id":864,"blankNumber":41,"options":865},"019fc2c5-689d-7bae-82da-3b5b8a47aa00",[866,868],{"id":867,"optionText":267,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689d-7b6e-82da-3b5b89793d89",{"id":869,"optionText":870,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689d-7b92-82da-3b5b89c85c46","Después del viaje, estamos muy cansados.",{"id":872,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":74,"explanation":873,"exampleSentence":874,"blanks":875},"019fc2c5-689d-7c9a-82da-3b5b8c9e8bfc","La alegría de Marta es un estado actual, por eso usamos «está feliz».","Luis tiene una buena noticia; ahora está contento.",[876],{"id":877,"blankNumber":41,"options":878},"019fc2c5-689d-7c66-82da-3b5b8c7a68f2",[879,882],{"id":880,"optionText":881,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689d-7c26-82da-3b5b8bd8a28d","Marta tiene buenas noticias; ahora está feliz.",{"id":883,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689d-7c4a-82da-3b5b8c679d36",{"id":885,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":85,"explanation":886,"exampleSentence":887,"blanks":888},"019fc2c5-689d-7d66-82da-3b5b8f6e0bca","«Cerrada» indica la condición de la ventana; usamos «está» para esa condición.","Hace calor; la puerta está abierta.",[889],{"id":890,"blankNumber":41,"options":891},"019fc2c5-689d-7d22-82da-3b5b8eb94cf5",[892,894],{"id":893,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689d-7cde-82da-3b5b8d6abd8c",{"id":895,"optionText":896,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689d-7d02-82da-3b5b8e54d357","Hace frío; la ventana está cerrada.",{"id":898,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":96,"explanation":899,"exampleSentence":900,"blanks":901},"019fc2c5-689d-7e22-82da-3b5b9128aeae","La ubicación de un animal se expresa con «estar»: «está debajo de la mesa».","El gato está encima del armario.",[902],{"id":903,"blankNumber":41,"options":904},"019fc2c5-689d-7dea-82da-3b5b905ed6f2",[905,908],{"id":906,"optionText":907,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689d-7daa-82da-3b5b9001b724","Nuestro perro está debajo de la mesa.",{"id":909,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689d-7dce-82da-3b5b9037299a",{"id":911,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":912,"exampleSentence":913,"blanks":914},"019fc2c5-689d-7eda-82da-3b5b9264b3a9","El edificio del teatro es una cosa; para localizarlo usamos «está».","El museo está cerca de la estación.",[915],{"id":916,"blankNumber":41,"options":917},"019fc2c5-689d-7ea6-82da-3b5b9256f86d",[918,920],{"id":919,"optionText":9,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689d-7e66-82da-3b5b916eff19",{"id":921,"optionText":922,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689d-7e8a-82da-3b5b91bb32ba","El edificio del teatro está en el centro.",{"id":924,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":123,"explanation":925,"exampleSentence":926,"blanks":927},"019fc2c5-689d-7f92-82da-3b5b94a144a6","La ceremonia es un evento; tanto la pregunta por su lugar como la respuesta usan «ser».","La reunión es en la oficina a las nueve.",[928],{"id":929,"blankNumber":41,"options":930},"019fc2c5-689d-7f5e-82da-3b5b93d963ca",[931,934],{"id":932,"optionText":933,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689d-7f1a-82da-3b5b932eda08","La ceremonia es en el jardín.",{"id":935,"optionText":295,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689d-7f3e-82da-3b5b9358a80c",{"id":937,"sentenceTemplate":687,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":938,"exampleSentence":939,"blanks":940},"019fc2c5-689e-70b3-8c84-ce8a1fa857b4","Las personas se localizan con «están», pero el evento se localiza con «es».","Los músicos están en el teatro; el concierto es allí.",[941],{"id":942,"blankNumber":41,"options":943},"019fc2c5-689e-707f-8c84-ce8a1fa22dae",[944,946],{"id":945,"optionText":264,"isCorrect":16,"displayOrder":17},"019fc2c5-689e-7037-8c84-ce8a1ee16c07",{"id":947,"optionText":948,"isCorrect":40,"displayOrder":41},"019fc2c5-689e-705f-8c84-ce8a1f9d859e","Mis amigos están en el café; la fiesta es allí.",{"id":226,"grammarPage":201,"title":227,"instructions":228,"displayOrder":74,"type":229,"questions":950},[951,964,978,994,1011,1024,1040,1055,1071,1085],{"id":952,"sentenceTemplate":953,"displayOrder":17,"explanation":954,"exampleSentence":955,"blanks":956,"payload":957},"01a01414-2ed3-7e0d-91a9-192da7ddd1f8","Hola, yo son Nora.","Para decir mi nombre e identificarme uso «yo soy Nora».","Hola, yo soy Nora.",[],{"words":958,"correct":244,"wrongIndex":53,"corrections":962},[959,960,264,961],"Hola,","yo","Nora.",[244,247,963],"eres",{"id":965,"sentenceTemplate":966,"displayOrder":41,"explanation":967,"exampleSentence":968,"blanks":969,"payload":970},"01a01414-2ed3-7ea1-91a9-192da8b8d212","Mis vecinos de arriba es de Chile.","El origen se expresa con «ser de» y «mis vecinos» exige la forma plural «son».","Mis vecinos de arriba son de Chile.",[],{"words":971,"correct":264,"wrongIndex":74,"corrections":977},[972,973,974,975,9,974,976],"Mis","vecinos","de","arriba","Chile.",[264,295,244],{"id":979,"sentenceTemplate":980,"displayOrder":53,"explanation":981,"exampleSentence":982,"blanks":983,"payload":984},"01a01414-2ed3-7f21-91a9-192da9330191","Laura trabaja en un hospital y son médica.","La profesión se expresa con «ser»: «Laura es médica».","Laura trabaja en un hospital y es médica.",[],{"words":985,"correct":9,"wrongIndex":96,"corrections":993},[986,987,988,989,990,991,264,992],"Laura","trabaja","en","un","hospital","y","médica.",[9,281,244],{"id":995,"sentenceTemplate":996,"displayOrder":26,"explanation":997,"exampleSentence":998,"blanks":999,"payload":1000},"01a01414-2ed3-7f8d-91a9-192da96526c3","Eva y Leo tienen los mismos padres: es hermanos.","Una relación familiar se expresa con «ser» y el sujeto plural exige «son hermanos».","Eva y Leo tienen los mismos padres: son hermanos.",[],{"words":1001,"correct":264,"wrongIndex":112,"corrections":1009},[1002,991,1003,1004,1005,1006,1007,9,1008],"Eva","Leo","tienen","los","mismos","padres:","hermanos.",[264,295,1010],"sois",{"id":1012,"sentenceTemplate":1013,"displayOrder":74,"explanation":1014,"exampleSentence":1015,"blanks":1016,"payload":1017},"01a01414-2ed4-7063-9af1-0b3d7bb5d1fa","Miro el calendario: hoy son lunes.","Para decir el día usamos «ser» en singular: «hoy es lunes».","Miro el calendario: hoy es lunes.",[],{"words":1018,"correct":9,"wrongIndex":74,"corrections":1023},[1019,1020,1021,175,264,1022],"Miro","el","calendario:","lunes.",[9,281,244],{"id":1025,"sentenceTemplate":1026,"displayOrder":85,"explanation":1027,"exampleSentence":1028,"blanks":1029,"payload":1030},"01a01414-2ed4-70df-9af1-0b3d7be47fa7","El reloj marca la hora: ahora es las nueve.","Para una hora plural usamos «son»: «ahora son las nueve».","El reloj marca la hora: ahora son las nueve.",[],{"words":1031,"correct":264,"wrongIndex":96,"corrections":1039},[1032,1033,1034,1035,1036,186,9,1037,1038],"El","reloj","marca","la","hora:","las","nueve.",[264,295,244],{"id":1041,"sentenceTemplate":1042,"displayOrder":96,"explanation":1043,"exampleSentence":1044,"blanks":1045,"payload":1046},"01a01414-2ed4-7153-9af1-0b3d7c91a4a7","Busca junto a la puerta: las llaves es allí.","La ubicación de varios objetos se expresa con «estar»: «las llaves están allí».","Busca junto a la puerta: las llaves están allí.",[],{"words":1047,"correct":295,"wrongIndex":112,"corrections":1054},[1048,1049,1050,1035,1051,1037,1052,9,1053],"Busca","junto","a","puerta:","llaves","allí.",[295,264,281],{"id":1056,"sentenceTemplate":1057,"displayOrder":112,"explanation":1058,"exampleSentence":1059,"blanks":1060,"payload":1061},"01a01414-2ed4-71c7-9af1-0b3d7d0ab969","No podemos entrar porque la puerta son cerrada todavía.","«Todavía cerrada» describe la condición actual de la puerta, por eso usamos «está».","No podemos entrar porque la puerta está cerrada todavía.",[],{"words":1062,"correct":281,"wrongIndex":96,"corrections":1070},[1063,1064,1065,1066,1035,1067,264,1068,1069],"No","podemos","entrar","porque","puerta","cerrada","todavía.",[281,9,295],{"id":1072,"sentenceTemplate":1073,"displayOrder":123,"explanation":1074,"exampleSentence":1075,"blanks":1076,"payload":1077},"01a01414-2ed4-723b-9af1-0b3d7daa233b","Por el examen, ellos está nerviosos hoy.","«Hoy» y «por el examen» presentan un estado actual; con «ellos» corresponde «están».","Por el examen, ellos están nerviosos hoy.",[],{"words":1078,"correct":295,"wrongIndex":74,"corrections":1084},[1079,1020,1080,1081,281,1082,1083],"Por","examen,","ellos","nerviosos","hoy.",[295,264,1010],{"id":1086,"sentenceTemplate":1087,"displayOrder":47,"explanation":1088,"exampleSentence":1089,"blanks":1090,"payload":1091},"01a01414-2ed4-72b3-9af1-0b3d7e4e34d4","La fiesta y el concierto es en el café.","Los dos eventos forman un sujeto plural y se localizan con «ser»: «son en el café».","La fiesta y el concierto son en el café.",[],{"words":1092,"correct":264,"wrongIndex":85,"corrections":1097},[1093,1094,991,1020,1095,9,988,1020,1096],"La","fiesta","concierto","café.",[264,267,1010],{"id":14,"name":15,"slug":194,"language":9,"level":10,"introduction":1099,"lessonCount":74,"totalExercises":18,"objectives":1100,"prerequisites":1104,"lessons":1106},"Este itinerario organiza ser, estar y hay en una progresión práctica. Empieza con «Presente de ser», avanza por «ser y estar: usos esenciales» y culmina con «hay y estar para expresar existencia y ubicación», de modo que cada lección prepara la siguiente y enlaza con su práctica.",[1101,1102,1103],"Comprender y aplicar presente de ser.","Relacionar los contrastes centrales del recorrido, desde «Presente de ser» hasta «hay y estar para expresar existencia y ubicación».","Practicar hay y estar para expresar existencia y ubicación con criterios de forma, significado y contexto.",[1105],"Reconocer palabras frecuentes y el orden básico de una oración en español.",[1107,1129,1151,1160],{"id":1108,"contentId":1109,"slug":1110,"title":1111,"level":10,"summary":1112,"order":41,"exercises":1113},"019f7f70-3049-7bd4-bceb-e43debb653a1","pg_019f76ef-8ed4-7013-b143-8edc17e574ae","presente-de-ser","Presente de ser","Explica presente de ser mediante formas de ser y identidad, origen y profesión. Abre la secuencia y fija la base para las lecciones siguientes.",[1114,1117,1120,1123,1126],{"id":1115,"title":1116,"order":17,"type":204},"019f7f70-5064-71a1-a0b7-4af99fc499fc","Formas de ser en contexto",{"id":1118,"title":1119,"order":41,"type":204},"019f7f70-507b-70c4-a5ae-7504a3cf032b","Usos, preguntas y negación",{"id":1121,"title":1122,"order":53,"type":217},"019faa5f-ec6b-7a3f-9091-51929326f48c","Construye identidad, origen y profesión",{"id":1124,"title":1125,"order":26,"type":217},"019faa5f-ec79-7c0f-925e-accc9e49b825","Construye descripciones y preguntas",{"id":1127,"title":1128,"order":74,"type":229},"01a01414-1539-730b-8492-e3de594ab90b","Encuentra y corrige ser",{"id":1130,"contentId":1131,"slug":1132,"title":1133,"level":10,"summary":1134,"order":53,"exercises":1135},"019f7f70-3032-758a-90c9-2b87366d61ca","pg_019f76ef-8ecd-7e9f-8e7a-cf14eeed3c87","presente-de-estar","Presente de estar","Explica presente de estar mediante formas de estar y ubicación de personas y cosas. Amplía la secuencia con un contraste o uso necesario antes de avanzar.",[1136,1139,1142,1145,1148],{"id":1137,"title":1138,"order":17,"type":204},"019f7f70-4f7b-7276-b69b-ef832c02b3dc","Formas de estar y ubicación",{"id":1140,"title":1141,"order":41,"type":204},"019f7f70-4f95-7486-a592-58fd52ff8154","Estados, negación y preguntas",{"id":1143,"title":1144,"order":53,"type":217},"019faa5f-ea60-73ab-88de-cd26e2ad3bdd","Construye formas y lugares",{"id":1146,"title":1147,"order":26,"type":217},"019faa5f-ea6e-7dd3-b605-2843a1043811","Construye estados y preguntas",{"id":1149,"title":1150,"order":74,"type":229},"01a01414-12c1-774f-9de3-413b26ece697","Corrige la forma de estar",{"id":4,"contentId":1152,"slug":6,"title":5,"level":10,"summary":1153,"order":26,"exercises":1154},"pg_019f76ef-9006-703a-900e-9747264e799f","Explica ser y estar: usos esenciales mediante contraste principal y cuándo usar ser. Amplía la secuencia con un contraste o uso necesario antes de avanzar.",[1155,1156,1157,1158,1159],{"id":200,"title":202,"order":17,"type":204},{"id":208,"title":209,"order":41,"type":204},{"id":214,"title":215,"order":53,"type":217},{"id":221,"title":222,"order":26,"type":217},{"id":226,"title":227,"order":74,"type":229},{"id":1161,"contentId":1162,"slug":1163,"title":1164,"level":10,"summary":1165,"order":74,"exercises":1166},"019f7f70-2efb-7f34-83ec-775a09852395","pg_019f76ef-8d06-7323-9780-984a73beab93","hay-y-estar-para-expresar-existencia-y-ubicacion","hay y estar para expresar existencia y ubicación","Explica hay y estar para expresar existencia y ubicación mediante hay para expresar existencia y estar para expresar ubicación. Cierra el recorrido integrando y afinando lo aprendido.",[1167,1170,1173,1176,1179],{"id":1168,"title":1169,"order":17,"type":204},"019f7f70-4172-7607-905f-8085a967ce35","Existencia y disponibilidad con hay",{"id":1171,"title":1172,"order":41,"type":204},"019f7f70-4187-70a9-86ad-1719fa42e8b1","Referentes conocidos y ubicación con estar",{"id":1174,"title":1175,"order":53,"type":217},"019faa5f-d12d-7878-b508-25f8b6ffaf03","Construye frases de existencia con hay",{"id":1177,"title":1178,"order":26,"type":217},"019faa5f-d13b-73ef-8e9c-a8140e8f8d83","Construye ubicaciones con estar",{"id":1180,"title":1181,"order":74,"type":229},"01a01413-ecc6-774e-850d-33bf047a8dce","Corrige hay o estar"]