[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-hr-instrumental-za-sredstvo":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a1366a-a24e-711c-b1eb-7fa9d1d74564":121,"exercise-list-path-hr-none":163},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":118,"readyImages":120},"01a1366a-a24e-711c-b1eb-7fa9d1d74564","Instrumental za sredstvo","instrumental-za-sredstvo","Nauči upotrebljavati instrumental za sredstvo i prijevoz, tvoriti česte oblike jednine te razlikovati sredstvo bez prijedloga od društva s prijedlogom s.","Kad želiš reći čime nešto radiš ili kojim prijevoznim sredstvom putuješ, upotrijebi **instrumental za sredstvo**. Ovdje ćeš naučiti česte oblike jednine i razliku između sredstva i društva.\n\n## 1. Čime nešto radiš?\n\nInstrumental za sredstvo odgovara na pitanje **Čime?** Govori kojim predmetom nešto radiš. U toj uporabi imenica stoji **bez prijedloga s**.\n\n:::example\n— Čime pišeš?\n— Pišem **olovkom**.\n\n— Čime režeš kruh?\n— Režem kruh **nožem**.\n\n— Čime otvaraš vrata?\n— Otvaram vrata **ključem**.\n:::\n\nU rečenici *Režem kruh nožem* riječ **kruh** govori što režeš, a riječ **nožem** čime to radiš.\n\n## 2. Česti oblici jednine\n\nZa mnoge imenice muškoga i srednjega roda instrumental jednine završava na **-om**. Imenice muškoga roda koje završavaju na **č, ć, dž, đ, j, lj, nj, š, ž** ili **c** obično dobivaju nastavak **-em**: **nož – nožem**, **ključ – ključem**, **čekić – čekićem**, **stric – stricem**. Postoje i iznimke, primjerice **zec – zecom**. Imenice ženskoga roda na **-a** mijenjaju taj završetak u **-om**.\n\n| Rod i oblik | Osnovni oblik | Instrumental | Primjer |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Muški rod, -om | vlak | **vlakom** | Putujem vlakom. |\n| Muški rod, -em | čekić | **čekićem** | Zabijam čavao **čekićem**. |\n| Muški rod, -em | nož | **nožem** | Režem meso nožem. |\n| Muški rod, -em | ključ | **ključem** | Otvaram vrata ključem. |\n| Srednji rod, -om | računalo | **računalom** | Radim to **računalom**. |\n| Ženski rod na -a | olovka | **olovkom** | Pišem olovkom. |\n| Ženski rod na -a | žlica | **žlicom** | Jedem juhu žlicom. |\n\n:::tip\nUz osnovni oblik nauči i kratku rečenicu: **nož – režem nožem**, **olovka – pišem olovkom**. Tako lakše pamtiš oblik i njegovu uporabu.\n:::\n\n## 3. Prijevozno sredstvo\n\nInstrumentalom možeš reći i čime ideš ili putuješ. Ni tada ne dodaješ prijedlog **s**.\n\n- auto → Idem na posao **autom**.\n- autobus → Idem u školu **autobusom**.\n- bicikl → Idem u trgovinu **biciklom**.\n- avion → Putujemo u Split **avionom**.\n\n:::note\nAko hodaš, kažeš **Idem pješice**. Riječ *pješice* nije oblik instrumentala.\n:::\n\n## 4. Sredstvo ili društvo?\n\nZa sredstvo pitaj **Čime?**, a za društvo **S kim?** Uz društvo upotrijebi prijedlog **s**.\n\n| Značenje | Pitanje | Primjer |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Prijevozno sredstvo | Čime putuješ? | Putujem **vlakom**. |\n| Društvo | S kim putuješ? | Putujem **s prijateljem**. |\n\nOba podatka mogu biti u istoj rečenici:\n\n:::example\nPutujem **vlakom s prijateljem**.\n\n**Vlakom** kaže čime putujem. **S prijateljem** kaže tko putuje sa mnom.\n:::\n\n:::warning\nKad govoriš o sredstvu, u standardnom hrvatskom nemoj dodavati **s**:\n\n✓ Pišem **olovkom**.\n\n✗ Pišem **s olovkom**.\n\nZa prijevoz vrijedi isto: **Idem autobusom**, a ne *Idem s autobusom*.\n:::\n\n## 5. Kratki podsjetnik\n\n1. Pitaj se: **Čime nešto radim ili putujem?**\n2. Stavi imenicu u instrumental: **olovkom, nožem, autobusom**.\n3. Za sredstvo izostavi prijedlog **s**.\n4. Ako govoriš o društvu, upotrijebi **s**: **s prijateljem**.\n\n**Pišem olovkom. Putujem vlakom. Putujem s prijateljem.**","hr","A2",47,[13],{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},"01a1366a-a08d-7e14-9db3-48329560d8e1","Komu, o komu i čime: do množinskih oblika",false,0,28,"2026-10-13T17:58:40+00:00","2026-10-13T18:00:52+00:00",[22],{"id":23,"title":24,"vocabularyListWords":25,"isPublished":117},"01a1366b-01fc-7b57-a5f5-7e03d37b158f","Alati i prijevozna sredstva",[26,33,40,47,54,61,68,75,82,89,96,103,110],{"id":27,"vocabularyWord":28,"displayOrder":32},"01a1366b-01fc-7bb7-a5f5-7e03d4369f85",{"id":29,"word":30,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":31,"audio":16},"01a1366a-de99-7302-b5ec-b78eeda17f24","s",[],1,{"id":34,"vocabularyWord":35,"displayOrder":39},"01a1366b-01fc-7beb-a5f5-7e03d4655642",{"id":36,"word":37,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":38,"audio":16},"01a1366a-ddc1-7603-89ee-c3def4f6d523","olovka",[],2,{"id":41,"vocabularyWord":42,"displayOrder":46},"01a1366b-01fc-7c13-a5f5-7e03d4820e9e",{"id":43,"word":44,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":45,"audio":16},"01a1366a-dd79-75fa-b1ee-905ef822a37f","nož",[],3,{"id":48,"vocabularyWord":49,"displayOrder":53},"01a1366b-01fc-7c33-a5f5-7e03d53b9782",{"id":50,"word":51,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":52,"audio":16},"01a1366a-dcb5-7180-b7f8-972b1e83dfcb","ključ",[],4,{"id":55,"vocabularyWord":56,"displayOrder":60},"01a1366b-01fc-7c4f-a5f5-7e03d5d7012f",{"id":57,"word":58,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":59,"audio":16},"01a1366a-df93-790f-b2f6-0773720df865","vlak",[],5,{"id":62,"vocabularyWord":63,"displayOrder":67},"01a1366b-01fc-7c6f-a5f5-7e03d6beebbf",{"id":64,"word":65,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":66,"audio":16},"01a1366a-e0ed-7265-93a8-78908d51d1e9","čekić",[],6,{"id":69,"vocabularyWord":70,"displayOrder":74},"01a1366b-01fc-7c8b-a5f5-7e03d6f449fe",{"id":71,"word":72,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":73,"audio":16},"01a1366a-de8b-76da-bf5e-5efd50bde7ca","računalo",[],7,{"id":76,"vocabularyWord":77,"displayOrder":81},"01a1366b-01fc-7cab-a5f5-7e03d758e877",{"id":78,"word":79,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":80,"audio":16},"01a1366a-e119-7dca-bccc-a76714c4d8cd","žlica",[],8,{"id":83,"vocabularyWord":84,"displayOrder":88},"01a1366b-01fc-7cc7-a5f5-7e03d8378bc1",{"id":85,"word":86,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":87,"audio":16},"01a1366a-dbd3-7376-9fc5-054c045181a3","auto",[],9,{"id":90,"vocabularyWord":91,"displayOrder":95},"01a1366b-01fc-7ce3-a5f5-7e03d86eb55e",{"id":92,"word":93,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":94,"audio":16},"01a1366a-dbd4-7526-9aa4-1cea0873023d","autobus",[],10,{"id":97,"vocabularyWord":98,"displayOrder":102},"01a1366b-01fc-7d03-a5f5-7e03d9601477",{"id":99,"word":100,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":101,"audio":16},"01a1366a-dbdd-790d-b8ef-74534fa9d3a9","bicikl",[],11,{"id":104,"vocabularyWord":105,"displayOrder":109},"01a1366b-01fc-7d1f-a5f5-7e03d9f7eac5",{"id":106,"word":107,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":108,"audio":16},"01a1366a-dbd5-76e5-a5b9-ae3499ccd2e9","avion",[],12,{"id":111,"vocabularyWord":112,"displayOrder":116},"01a1366b-01fc-7d3b-a5f5-7e03da705fd3",{"id":113,"word":114,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":115,"audio":16},"01a1366a-ddea-7ac4-81a6-992b90b1cd46","pješice",[],13,true,{"name":15,"slug":119,"language":9},"dativ-lokativ-instrumental-a2",[],[122,131,138,145,150,157],{"@id":123,"@type":124,"id":125,"grammarPage":126,"title":127,"instructions":128,"displayOrder":17,"type":129,"questionCount":109,"blankCount":109,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":130},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-b55a-70be-9814-625e2b74c9ec","GrammarExercise","01a1366a-b55a-70be-9814-625e2b74c9ec","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a1366a-a24e-711c-b1eb-7fa9d1d74564","Čime obavljamo svakodnevne poslove?","Odaberi pravilan oblik za sredstvo u standardnom hrvatskom jeziku.","word_select","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_987ecb53-5310-4f0f-8abb-c0560d0347bd_hero.webp?v=1791914325",{"@id":132,"@type":124,"id":133,"grammarPage":126,"title":134,"instructions":135,"displayOrder":32,"type":129,"questionCount":109,"blankCount":136,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":137},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-b570-73af-8ed1-8b3afdfd8ad2","01a1366a-b570-73af-8ed1-8b3afdfd8ad2","Kako putujemo i tko ide s nama?","Odaberi odgovore u standardnom hrvatskom. Razlikuj prijevozno sredstvo, hodanje i društvo.",14,"\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_165da8a0-5ec5-497d-8bc8-e1d03af54394_hero.webp?v=1791914325",{"@id":139,"@type":124,"id":140,"grammarPage":126,"title":141,"instructions":142,"displayOrder":39,"type":143,"questionCount":95,"blankCount":95,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":144},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-b589-73e1-866e-a29341d4fd22","01a1366a-b589-73e1-866e-a29341d4fd22","Složimo rečenice o sredstvima","Složi rečenicu od ponuđenih riječi. Jedna je riječ suvišna. Zadrži velika slova i interpunkciju.","sentence_builder","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_362b9263-db7b-4656-a91b-e9dbee958620_hero.webp?v=1791914325",{"@id":146,"@type":124,"id":147,"grammarPage":126,"title":148,"instructions":142,"displayOrder":46,"type":143,"questionCount":95,"blankCount":95,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":149},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-b59a-7dab-ae73-b16938cd63ab","01a1366a-b59a-7dab-ae73-b16938cd63ab","Složimo rečenice o prijevozu i društvu","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_000be0dc-b06a-4e0a-a7f0-c4fefbd48bba_hero.webp?v=1791914325",{"@id":151,"@type":124,"id":152,"grammarPage":126,"title":153,"instructions":154,"displayOrder":53,"type":155,"questionCount":53,"blankCount":17,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":156},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-b5ac-7b0f-98d2-3d41a2bea7f8","01a1366a-b5ac-7b0f-98d2-3d41a2bea7f8","Sredstvo, predmet radnje i društvo","Dodirni pločicu, a zatim stupac kojem pripada.","word_sort","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_0e9b8e4e-9c90-4eb3-b482-5df3b8aaee8d_hero.webp?v=1791914325",{"@id":158,"@type":124,"id":159,"grammarPage":126,"title":160,"instructions":161,"displayOrder":60,"type":155,"questionCount":53,"blankCount":17,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":162},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-b5b3-7354-9c4a-551d24f00c6f","01a1366a-b5b3-7354-9c4a-551d24f00c6f","Prijevoz, hodanje i suputnici","Dodirni pločicu, a zatim odgovarajući stupac. Razvrstaj sve pločice.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_6eaa7aca-19fd-4dd3-8926-dc98138ffc81_hero.webp?v=1791914325",null]