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abeceda i dvoslovi dž, lj i nj","hrvatska-abeceda-i-dvoslovi-dz-lj-i-nj","hr","A1",1,{"id":13,"title":14,"slug":15,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":16},"01a1366a-a3ce-7dcb-8c0c-6aff3c818e05","Samoglasnici i slogotvorno r","samoglasnici-i-slogotvorno-r",2,{"id":18,"title":19,"slug":20,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":21},"01a1366a-a170-75b5-9a26-ea5a4b4f19c5","Č i ć, dž i đ u čestim riječima","c-i-c-dz-i-dj-u-cestim-rijecima",3,{"id":23,"title":24,"slug":25,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":26},"01a1366a-a2ad-7ac1-ad7f-4e560c0bdb9b","Naglasak riječi i rečenična intonacija","naglasak-rijeci-i-recenicna-intonacija",4,{"id":28,"title":29,"slug":30,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":31},"01a1366a-a316-7693-8c13-66de4c6ba53f","Osobne zamjenice u nominativu","osobne-zamjenice-u-nominativu",5,{"id":33,"title":34,"slug":35,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":36},"01a1366a-a1e4-7eea-8ce0-03a1de4ca7be","Glagol biti u 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nemam","glagol-imati-i-negacija-nemam",11,{"id":63,"title":64,"slug":65,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":66},"01a1366a-a338-7a62-a77a-729908e072fb","Pitanja s tko, što, gdje i kako","pitanja-s-tko-sto-gdje-i-kako",12,{"id":68,"title":69,"slug":70,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":71},"01a1366a-a330-73ca-b28e-eed4e961f3b3","Pitanja s je li i jesi li","pitanja-s-je-li-i-jesi-li",13,{"id":73,"title":74,"slug":75,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":76},"01a1366a-a29b-7ddc-86f9-509eec39142c","Množina imenica na -a i -o","mnozina-imenica-na-a-i-o",14,{"id":78,"title":79,"slug":80,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":81},"01a1366a-a2a0-7b70-a3a1-db9c74732e41","Množina muških imenica","mnozina-muskih-imenica",15,{"id":83,"title":84,"slug":85,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":86},"01a1366a-a3ee-78a4-bb2d-d6faa6d8a3dd","Slaganje pridjeva s imenicom","slaganje-pridjeva-s-imenicom",16,{"id":88,"title":89,"slug":90,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":91},"01a1366a-a354-72c8-b2f9-92b45bfd8d36","Posvojne zamjenice moj, tvoj i naš","posvojne-zamjenice-moj-tvoj-i-nas",17,{"id":93,"title":94,"slug":95,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":96},"01a1366a-a346-7614-b3ef-2319ad3b32cd","Pokazne zamjenice ovaj, taj i onaj","pokazne-zamjenice-ovaj-taj-i-onaj",18,{"id":98,"title":99,"slug":100,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":101},"01a1366a-a42b-7b7c-9c30-b203f079470f","Ti i Vi u obraćanju","ti-i-vi-u-obracanju",19,{"id":103,"title":104,"slug":105,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":106},"01a1366a-a221-7cc3-aa20-04c2527878cd","Glavni brojevi do sto","glavni-brojevi-do-sto",20,{"id":108,"title":109,"slug":110,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":111},"01a1366a-a257-7660-bc1f-c0d44bf4323f","Jedan, dva i pet uz imenice","jedan-dva-i-pet-uz-imenice",21,{"id":113,"title":114,"slug":115,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":116},"01a1366a-a376-7cba-a55e-f550acfb48db","Prezent glagola na -ati: čitati i gledati","prezent-glagola-na-ati-citati-i-gledati",22,{"id":118,"title":119,"slug":120,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":121},"01a1366a-a37b-7cd4-a760-61a359c3bd88","Prezent glagola na -iti: raditi i govoriti","prezent-glagola-na-iti-raditi-i-govoriti",23,{"id":123,"title":124,"slug":125,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":126},"01a1366a-a381-7b30-a240-0a629c7094ff","Prezent glagola željeti, živjeti i vidjeti","prezent-glagola-zeljeti-zivjeti-i-vidjeti",24,{"id":128,"title":129,"slug":130,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":131},"01a1366a-a1ee-7313-ae72-e96e0276b36e","Glagoli ići, doći i jesti u prezentu","glagoli-ici-doci-i-jesti-u-prezentu",25,{"id":133,"title":134,"slug":135,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":136},"01a1366a-a2a9-7839-9334-a8ed0d55407c","Modalni glagoli mogu, moram i želim","modalni-glagoli-mogu-moram-i-zelim",26,{"id":138,"title":139,"slug":140,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":141},"01a1366a-a369-77fc-8885-c6588a37393a","Povratni glagoli zvati se i odmarati se","povratni-glagoli-zvati-se-i-odmarati-se",27,{"id":143,"title":144,"slug":145,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":146},"01a1366a-a128-7df4-8a1d-0d4af976076f","Akuzativ jednine za izravni objekt","akuzativ-jednine-za-izravni-objekt",28,{"id":148,"title":149,"slug":150,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":151},"01a1366a-a488-7920-9ce4-2ddb267a4dc2","Živo i neživo u akuzativu muškoga roda","zivo-i-nezivo-u-akuzativu-muskoga-roda",29,{"id":153,"title":154,"slug":155,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":156},"01a1366a-a13f-7a4f-9771-f6bf17034bd0","Akuzativ s u i na za odredište","akuzativ-s-u-i-na-za-odrediste",30,{"id":158,"title":159,"slug":160,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":161},"01a1366a-a292-7b1d-963d-c2593aeff72f","Lokativ s u i na za mjesto","lokativ-s-u-i-na-za-mjesto",31,{"id":163,"title":164,"slug":165,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":166},"01a1366a-a1d2-76ca-a9cb-90963d9afe5b","Genitiv s iz i s za podrijetlo","genitiv-s-iz-i-s-za-podrijetlo",32,{"id":168,"title":169,"slug":170,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":171},"01a1366a-a249-750c-a1f6-d5f73f0a1a9c","Instrumental s prijedlogom s za društvo","instrumental-s-prijedlogom-s-za-drustvo",33,{"id":173,"title":174,"slug":175,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":176},"01a1366a-a39e-7de6-8ac1-88b836337dc0","Prilozi ovdje, tu i ondje","prilozi-ovdje-tu-i-ondje",34,{"id":178,"title":179,"slug":180,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":181},"01a1366a-a17b-7db9-ac71-abe42cdc9a0b","Dani, mjeseci i česte vremenske oznake","dani-mjeseci-i-ceste-vremenske-oznake",35,{"id":183,"title":184,"slug":185,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":186},"01a1366a-a26a-7548-a9e7-f9d001091bbb","Koliko je sati","koliko-je-sati",36,{"id":188,"title":189,"slug":190,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":191},"01a1366a-a361-72de-bd52-1b5444e0327f","Povezivanje s i, a, ali i ili","povezivanje-s-i-a-ali-i-ili",37,{"id":193,"title":194,"slug":195,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":197},"01a1366a-a230-7f17-a790-29c5eeb59d5a","Ije i je u čestim oblicima","ije-i-je-u-cestim-oblicima","A2",38,{"id":199,"title":200,"slug":201,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":202},"01a1366a-a2cf-7f90-8ec5-67d9d4f3c848","Nepostojano a u sklonidbi","nepostojano-a-u-sklonidbi",39,{"id":204,"title":205,"slug":206,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":207},"01a1366a-a3a7-7be4-9712-ed3199b88921","Proširena množina na -ovi i -evi","prosirena-mnozina-na-ovi-i-evi",40,{"id":209,"title":210,"slug":211,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":212},"01a1366a-a138-7f92-9464-368a86606adb","Akuzativ množine imenica","akuzativ-mnozine-imenica",41,{"id":214,"title":215,"slug":216,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":217},"01a1366a-a1c9-73aa-bd8d-d13ca1440bd2","Genitiv jednine za pripadanje","genitiv-jednine-za-pripadanje",42,{"id":219,"title":220,"slug":221,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":222},"01a1366a-a1d6-7eac-b976-726af3228031","Genitiv uz nema i bez","genitiv-uz-nema-i-bez",43,{"id":224,"title":225,"slug":226,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":227},"01a1366a-a1cd-7d72-89a5-ebc56d53cf3f","Genitiv množine u izrazima količine","genitiv-mnozine-u-izrazima-kolicine",44,{"id":229,"title":230,"slug":231,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":232},"01a1366a-a185-7138-9073-2b38b1a17948","Dativ za primatelja i korisnika","dativ-za-primatelja-i-korisnika",45,{"id":234,"title":235,"slug":236,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":237},"01a1366a-a28d-7c48-8cf2-7dfea9236a58","Lokativ s o za temu razgovora","lokativ-s-o-za-temu-razgovora",46,{"id":239,"title":240,"slug":241,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":242},"01a1366a-a24e-711c-b1eb-7fa9d1d74564","Instrumental za sredstvo","instrumental-za-sredstvo",47,{"id":244,"title":245,"slug":246,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":247},"01a1366a-a180-78ce-96b0-591b1363467e","Dativ, lokativ i instrumental množine","dativ-lokativ-i-instrumental-mnozine",48,{"id":249,"title":250,"slug":251,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":252},"01a1366a-a390-797b-99a1-a354865b4405","Prijedlozi pred, pod, nad i među uz mjesto i smjer","prijedlozi-pred-pod-nad-i-medju-uz-mjesto-i-smjer",49,{"id":254,"title":255,"slug":256,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":257},"01a1366a-a284-7ddd-ab6f-9cb14d612b68","Kratki oblici osobnih zamjenica u akuzativu","kratki-oblici-osobnih-zamjenica-u-akuzativu",50,{"id":259,"title":260,"slug":261,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":262},"01a1366a-a289-740a-b28c-1021090aa9f4","Kratki oblici osobnih zamjenica u dativu","kratki-oblici-osobnih-zamjenica-u-dativu",51,{"id":264,"title":265,"slug":266,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":267},"01a1366a-a19c-7d97-bdb7-3fa6669adff7","Dugi oblici osobnih zamjenica nakon prijedloga","dugi-oblici-osobnih-zamjenica-nakon-prijedloga",52,{"id":269,"title":270,"slug":271,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":272},"01a1366a-a36d-7989-af72-3544e1d490d2","Povratno-posvojna zamjenica svoj","povratno-posvojna-zamjenica-svoj",53,{"id":274,"title":275,"slug":276,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":277},"01a1366a-a41c-73c6-9162-3bf70ce69001","Svatko, netko i nešto u svakodnevnim rečenicama","svatko-netko-i-nesto-u-svakodnevnim-recenicama",54,{"id":279,"title":280,"slug":281,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":282},"01a1366a-a386-7bb6-a450-18d048bed64f","Pridjevi u akuzativu i lokativu","pridjevi-u-akuzativu-i-lokativu",55,{"id":284,"title":285,"slug":286,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":287},"01a1366a-a358-77cb-a00e-86d1e9336527","Posvojni pridjevi na -ov, -ev i -in","posvojni-pridjevi-na-ov-ev-i-in",56,{"id":289,"title":290,"slug":291,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":292},"01a1366a-a3bd-77d9-adcf-28dfc90a968f","Redni brojevi i datumi","redni-brojevi-i-datumi",57,{"id":294,"title":295,"slug":296,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":297},"01a1366a-a164-7a8b-b0a8-ef1745677344","Brojevi iznad sto i cijene","brojevi-iznad-sto-i-cijene",58,{"id":299,"title":300,"slug":301,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":302},"01a1366a-a20a-7466-8e6d-9966df2871ae","Glagolski pridjev radni i tvorba perfekta","glagolski-pridjev-radni-i-tvorba-perfekta",59,{"id":304,"title":305,"slug":306,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":307},"01a1366a-a327-7c61-affe-6dcc361b6431","Perfekt glagola biti, ići i doći","perfekt-glagola-biti-ici-i-doci",60,{"id":309,"title":310,"slug":311,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":312},"01a1366a-a2c3-7192-af82-34f692d5fe81","Negacija i pitanja u perfektu","negacija-i-pitanja-u-perfektu",61,{"id":314,"title":315,"slug":316,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":317},"01a1366a-a297-794e-b64d-6973acae06b0","Mjesto pomoćnoga glagola i zamjenice se","mjesto-pomocnoga-glagola-i-zamjenice-se",62,{"id":319,"title":320,"slug":321,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":322},"01a1366a-a1bb-70ef-9bcb-e23d205c2bd8","Futur prvi s ću, ćeš i će","futur-prvi-s-cu-ces-i-ce",63,{"id":324,"title":325,"slug":326,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":327},"01a1366a-a32c-70f9-8dc6-a6f2b127ab01","Pisanje futura prvog: radit ću i doći ću","pisanje-futura-prvog-radit-cu-i-doci-cu",64,{"id":329,"title":330,"slug":331,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":332},"01a1366a-a421-75f6-a5ac-140872ade82b","Svršeni i nesvršeni glagoli: osnovno značenje","svrseni-i-nesvrseni-glagoli-osnovno-znacenje",65,{"id":334,"title":335,"slug":336,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":337},"01a1366a-a43a-73be-9c10-3738566020de","Upute s čestim imperativnim oblicima","upute-s-cestim-imperativnim-oblicima",66,{"id":339,"title":340,"slug":341,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":342},"01a1366a-a3a3-7429-b3eb-dcc6e410172a","Pristojne molbe s bih i biste","pristojne-molbe-s-bih-i-biste",67,{"id":344,"title":345,"slug":346,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":347},"01a1366a-a2f0-7e71-916e-3f61a63c8f85","Nitko, ništa i niječna rečenica","nitko-nista-i-nijecna-recenica",68,{"id":349,"title":350,"slug":351,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":352},"01a1366a-a334-7515-866a-7901617dbe4c","Pitanja s kamo, kuda i odakle","pitanja-s-kamo-kuda-i-odakle",69,{"id":354,"title":355,"slug":356,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":357},"01a1366a-a176-74a9-931a-7dcb2afb48c0","Često, rijetko i obično za učestalost","cesto-rijetko-i-obicno-za-ucestalost",70,{"id":359,"title":360,"slug":361,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":362},"01a1366a-a477-767d-991b-f6a2025ad7c3","Vremenski izrazi s prije, poslije i za","vremenski-izrazi-s-prije-poslije-i-za",71,{"id":364,"title":365,"slug":366,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":367},"01a1366a-a448-7edc-8c6a-84e5b32c2091","Uzrok s jer i zato što","uzrok-s-jer-i-zato-sto",72,{"id":369,"title":370,"slug":371,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":372},"01a1366a-a252-7b3d-9913-d54550c4a292","Izrične rečenice s da","izricne-recenice-s-da",73,{"id":374,"title":375,"slug":376,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":377},"01a1366a-a472-7b2a-8189-a55e9a1de0d1","Vremenske rečenice s kad","vremenske-recenice-s-kad",74,{"id":379,"title":380,"slug":381,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":382},"01a1366a-a417-7099-8a86-ec389379bdef","Stvarni uvjet s ako","stvarni-uvjet-s-ako",75,{"id":384,"title":385,"slug":386,"language":9,"level":196,"displayOrder":387},"01a1366a-a30d-7052-aa9b-d8f0a2dbfa00","Odnosne rečenice s koji u nominativu","odnosne-recenice-s-koji-u-nominativu",76,{"id":389,"title":390,"slug":391,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":393},"01a1366a-a46d-7ece-adbf-97fdce99f6fa","Vokativ u izravnom obraćanju","vokativ-u-izravnom-obracanju","B1",77,{"id":395,"title":396,"slug":397,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":398},"01a1366a-a235-76e7-87ef-2eb6718b2f0b","Imenice i-sklonidbe","imenice-i-sklonidbe",78,{"id":400,"title":401,"slug":402,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":403},"01a1366a-a2d4-74ff-9475-157c1576bf67","Nepravilna množina: ljudi, djeca i braća","nepravilna-mnozina-ljudi-djeca-i-braca",79,{"id":405,"title":406,"slug":407,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":408},"01a1366a-a1db-7b12-897a-bfa76c2b22a4","Genitiv uz složene brojeve i datume","genitiv-uz-slozene-brojeve-i-datume",80,{"id":410,"title":411,"slug":412,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":413},"01a1366a-a3e9-7db4-9155-cc4bd7bfed6e","Sklonidba zamjenica tko i što","sklonidba-zamjenica-tko-i-sto",81,{"id":415,"title":416,"slug":417,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":418},"01a1366a-a304-7217-ba80-856d8331685d","Odnosna zamjenica koji u različitim padežima","odnosna-zamjenica-koji-u-razlicitim-padezima",82,{"id":420,"title":421,"slug":422,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":423},"01a1366a-a3db-7de2-8312-21cf7d515314","Sklonidba posvojnih i pokaznih zamjenica","sklonidba-posvojnih-i-pokaznih-zamjenica",83,{"id":425,"title":426,"slug":427,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":428},"01a1366a-a3e0-7566-8509-fbf92626d35b","Sklonidba pridjeva u svim padežima","sklonidba-pridjeva-u-svim-padezima",84,{"id":430,"title":431,"slug":432,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":433},"01a1366a-a312-7044-8f97-819c582f7a9e","Određeni i neodređeni oblici pridjeva","odredjeni-i-neodredjeni-oblici-pridjeva",85,{"id":435,"title":436,"slug":437,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":438},"01a1366a-a26f-723c-8797-95cb71319897","Komparativ: pravilni oblici","komparativ-pravilni-oblici",86,{"id":440,"title":441,"slug":442,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":443},"01a1366a-a2d8-7d79-9d37-6d00ff1506dd","Nepravilni komparativi i superlativ","nepravilni-komparativi-i-superlativ",87,{"id":445,"title":446,"slug":447,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":448},"01a1366a-a482-7d8a-a06f-ec3ad434dbdf","Zbirni brojevi dvoje, troje i četvero","zbirni-brojevi-dvoje-troje-i-cetvero",88,{"id":450,"title":451,"slug":452,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":453},"01a1366a-a23f-747a-9fe0-66e31ba666e7","Imperativ: tvorba i nepravilni oblici","imperativ-tvorba-i-nepravilni-oblici",89,{"id":455,"title":456,"slug":457,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":458},"01a1366a-a2eb-7e83-add2-087b2dc747cf","Niječni imperativ s ne i nemoj","nijecni-imperativ-s-ne-i-nemoj",90,{"id":460,"title":461,"slug":462,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":463},"01a1366a-a277-7d5c-bb5a-31d1f16ae702","Kondicional prvi: želje i zamišljene situacije","kondicional-prvi-zelje-i-zamisljene-situacije",91,{"id":465,"title":466,"slug":467,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":468},"01a1366a-a2dd-73e4-a40f-c3c01688ebfd","Nestvarni uvjeti s kad bih i da imam","nestvarni-uvjeti-s-kad-bih-i-da-imam",92,{"id":470,"title":471,"slug":472,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":473},"01a1366a-a1b6-740a-beac-e121292f39b7","Futur drugi u vremenskim i uvjetnim rečenicama","futur-drugi-u-vremenskim-i-uvjetnim-recenicama",93,{"id":475,"title":476,"slug":477,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":478},"01a1366a-a456-76c7-ab5a-441f15309ac7","Vid u pripovijedanju o prošlosti","vid-u-pripovijedanju-o-proslosti",94,{"id":480,"title":481,"slug":482,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":483},"01a1366a-a452-73c7-9e4f-8971d89b00af","Vid u budućnosti i nakon modalnih glagola","vid-u-buducnosti-i-nakon-modalnih-glagola",95,{"id":485,"title":486,"slug":487,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":488},"01a1366a-a371-7e7a-a8af-f8e283d85daf","Prefiksi i tvorba vidskih parova","prefiksi-i-tvorba-vidskih-parova",96,{"id":490,"title":491,"slug":492,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":493},"01a1366a-a1f2-7a7e-b970-8f3d6a199823","Glagoli kretanja: ići, hodati, voziti i putovati","glagoli-kretanja-ici-hodati-voziti-i-putovati",97,{"id":495,"title":496,"slug":497,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":498},"01a1366a-a365-74ed-aaa2-674aec72f8fd","Povratna zamjenica sebe i se","povratna-zamjenica-sebe-i-se",98,{"id":500,"title":501,"slug":502,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":503},"01a1366a-a43f-7218-a4e2-3665c0dbb3b2","Uzajamne radnje s jedan drugoga","uzajamne-radnje-s-jedan-drugoga",99,{"id":505,"title":506,"slug":507,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":508},"01a1366a-a15f-72f6-bc0e-c04abef743c7","Bezlične rečenice s treba i može se","bezlicne-recenice-s-treba-i-moze-se",100,{"id":510,"title":511,"slug":512,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":513},"01a1366a-a20e-7f9a-b59d-b4001cbaaeb1","Glagolski pridjev trpni","glagolski-pridjev-trpni",101,{"id":515,"title":516,"slug":517,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":518},"01a1366a-a31f-7374-991b-2c899a30d0e3","Pasiv s biti i glagolskim pridjevom trpnim","pasiv-s-biti-i-glagolskim-pridjevom-trpnim",102,{"id":520,"title":521,"slug":522,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":523},"01a1366a-a39a-71e9-a36c-0ec76e7d60d8","Prijedložne konstrukcije s genitivom","prijedlozne-konstrukcije-s-genitivom",103,{"id":525,"title":526,"slug":527,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":528},"01a1366a-a200-7ab2-98a2-d0c62301409b","Glagolske dopune u dativu i instrumentalu","glagolske-dopune-u-dativu-i-instrumentalu",104,{"id":530,"title":531,"slug":532,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":533},"01a1366a-a1e0-77a8-b380-e7c3f2ce0fe2","Genitiv vremena i trajanja","genitiv-vremena-i-trajanja",105,{"id":535,"title":536,"slug":537,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":538},"01a1366a-a3c1-7e9d-9ef1-2b33c3b2fb31","Redoslijed nenaglašenih zamjenica i pomoćnih glagola","redoslijed-nenaglasenih-zamjenica-i-pomocnih-glagola",106,{"id":540,"title":541,"slug":542,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":543},"01a1366a-a2b1-7f12-b0c5-6a40e51899c0","Naglašeni oblici i isticanje suprotnosti","naglaseni-oblici-i-isticanje-suprotnosti",107,{"id":545,"title":546,"slug":547,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":548},"01a1366a-a2ba-78a8-98d4-cc0a0cc56b58","Namjera s da i kako bih","namjera-s-da-i-kako-bih",108,{"id":550,"title":551,"slug":552,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":553},"01a1366a-a193-77b0-b3de-173b2a7476ba","Dopusne rečenice s iako i premda","dopusne-recenice-s-iako-i-premda",109,{"id":555,"title":556,"slug":557,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":558},"01a1366a-a34f-7eb4-a9cc-c2a6e956900b","Posljedica s tako da","posljedica-s-tako-da",110,{"id":560,"title":561,"slug":562,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":563},"01a1366a-a35c-7e2f-8127-5f57dfc024fe","Povezivanje događaja s najprije, zatim i napokon","povezivanje-dogadjaja-s-najprije-zatim-i-napokon",111,{"id":565,"title":566,"slug":567,"language":9,"level":392,"displayOrder":568},"01a1366a-a2ff-7caf-bb16-536dbafeed38","Objašnjenje i zaključak s naime i dakle","objasnjenje-i-zakljucak-s-naime-i-dakle",112,{"id":570,"title":571,"slug":572,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":574},"01a1366a-a3d7-776d-ac02-477f1d4b1c1c","Sibilarizacija i palatalizacija u oblicima riječi","sibilarizacija-i-palatalizacija-u-oblicima-rijeci","B2",113,{"id":576,"title":577,"slug":578,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":579},"01a1366a-a25c-70ad-9b1e-eb16a9ea81e4","Jednačenje suglasnika u pisanju i govoru","jednacenje-suglasnika-u-pisanju-i-govoru",114,{"id":581,"title":582,"slug":583,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":584},"01a1366a-a265-7841-a282-f8ce129fd569","Jotacija u glagolskim i pridjevskim oblicima","jotacija-u-glagolskim-i-pridjevskim-oblicima",115,{"id":586,"title":587,"slug":588,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":589},"01a1366a-a430-7637-9149-d18129cfc743","Umanjenice i uvećanice: tvorba i značenje","umanjenice-i-uvecanice-tvorba-i-znacenje",116,{"id":591,"title":592,"slug":593,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":594},"01a1366a-a16a-7a9c-a6e7-20118ee45d87","Brojevne imenice dvojica, trojica i četvorica","brojevne-imenice-dvojica-trojica-i-cetvorica",117,{"id":596,"title":597,"slug":598,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":599},"01a1366a-a3b9-71c0-9b0f-17809de44d97","Razlomci, postotci i približne količine","razlomci-postotci-i-priblizne-kolicine",118,{"id":601,"title":602,"slug":603,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":604},"01a1366a-a2c7-750b-acf2-f615ae28b9ce","Neodređene zamjenice s god, bilo i ma","neodredjene-zamjenice-s-god-bilo-i-ma",119,{"id":606,"title":607,"slug":608,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":609},"01a1366a-a3b4-7c08-a52a-9511c1e0a4bc","Razlika između svoj i njegov u složenim rečenicama","razlika-izmedju-svoj-i-njegov-u-slozenim-recenicama",120,{"id":611,"title":612,"slug":613,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":614},"01a1366a-a2cb-7a01-a1db-8ddd6bd0853c","Neodređeni pridjevi u imenskome predikatu","neodredjeni-pridjevi-u-imenskome-predikatu",121,{"id":616,"title":617,"slug":618,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":619},"01a1366a-a1c4-78f3-baa7-ed4b58b7bd74","Genitiv i akuzativ uz negaciju","genitiv-i-akuzativ-uz-negaciju",122,{"id":621,"title":622,"slug":623,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":624},"01a1366a-a395-73b0-8e6b-aa76f1863d32","Prijedlozi s više padeža i promjenom značenja","prijedlozi-s-vise-padeza-i-promjenom-znacenja",123,{"id":626,"title":627,"slug":628,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":629},"01a1366a-a1f7-7587-9734-a6dad44bafe5","Glagolska valentnost i promjena dopune","glagolska-valentnost-i-promjena-dopune",124,{"id":631,"title":632,"slug":633,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":634},"01a1366a-a323-77de-b4b6-6ec5ab63d358","Pasiv sa se i bezlične konstrukcije","pasiv-sa-se-i-bezlicne-konstrukcije",125,{"id":636,"title":637,"slug":638,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":639},"01a1366a-a40c-7271-8fa0-2ace618c700d","Stanje i radnja u pasivnim konstrukcijama","stanje-i-radnja-u-pasivnim-konstrukcijama",126,{"id":641,"title":642,"slug":643,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":644},"01a1366a-a44d-7a89-b9eb-1c9c62e1ce1f","Vid i ponavljanje radnje","vid-i-ponavljanje-radnje",127,{"id":646,"title":647,"slug":648,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":649},"01a1366a-a45a-7964-be93-c684b6a1e794","Vid uz negaciju i zabranu","vid-uz-negaciju-i-zabranu",128,{"id":651,"title":652,"slug":653,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":654},"01a1366a-a3d2-7ebc-9f65-76c177832efd","Sekundarna imperfektivizacija","sekundarna-imperfektivizacija",129,{"id":656,"title":657,"slug":658,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":659},"01a1366a-a33d-7930-badc-95e8acd3202f","Pluskvamperfekt i prethodna radnja","pluskvamperfekt-i-prethodna-radnja",130,{"id":661,"title":662,"slug":663,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":664},"01a1366a-a273-780f-8660-257324c239e8","Kondicional drugi i neostvarena prošlost","kondicional-drugi-i-neostvarena-proslost",131,{"id":666,"title":667,"slug":668,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":669},"01a1366a-a218-7197-912a-18b7a9fd7757","Glagolski prilog sadašnji","glagolski-prilog-sadasnji",132,{"id":671,"title":672,"slug":673,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":674},"01a1366a-a213-7865-b250-a81698e56d24","Glagolski prilog prošli","glagolski-prilog-prosli",133,{"id":676,"title":677,"slug":678,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":679},"01a1366a-a205-7778-b9a8-e0a925e3fd32","Glagolske imenice i njihove dopune","glagolske-imenice-i-njihove-dopune",134,{"id":681,"title":682,"slug":683,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":684},"01a1366a-a435-723d-b038-64542db0d730","Upravni i neupravni govor","upravni-i-neupravni-govor",135,{"id":686,"title":687,"slug":688,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":689},"01a1366a-a2e1-78ee-a7c1-e8dda2a12eab","Neupravna pitanja","neupravna-pitanja",136,{"id":691,"title":692,"slug":693,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":694},"01a1366a-a341-7eef-b69b-22f290769b87","Pogodbene rečenice s realnim i irealnim značenjem","pogodbene-recenice-s-realnim-i-irealnim-znacenjem",137,{"id":696,"title":697,"slug":698,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":699},"01a1366a-a18e-7ace-8258-8ca0d038f20d","Dopunske rečenice i izbor veznika","dopunske-recenice-i-izbor-veznika",138,{"id":701,"title":702,"slug":703,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":704},"01a1366a-a34b-7044-978d-261c434c4bf3","Poredbene rečenice s kao da i nego što","poredbene-recenice-s-kao-da-i-nego-sto",139,{"id":706,"title":707,"slug":708,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":709},"01a1366a-a308-77b3-a6fa-8766d43d7e0e","Odnosne rečenice s čiji i što","odnosne-recenice-s-ciji-i-sto",140,{"id":711,"title":712,"slug":713,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":714},"01a1366a-a3ac-700b-b42c-83841a3a9f1e","Rastavne, suprotne i isključne rečenice","rastavne-suprotne-i-iskljucne-recenice",141,{"id":716,"title":717,"slug":718,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":719},"01a1366a-a47c-77cb-bdfc-e7a6602a3ae2","Zarez u zavisnosloženoj rečenici","zarez-u-zavisnoslozenoj-recenici",142,{"id":721,"title":722,"slug":723,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":724},"01a1366a-a426-79d9-8189-8f5a0ff743a2","Tema i fokus u redu riječi","tema-i-fokus-u-redu-rijeci",143,{"id":726,"title":727,"slug":728,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":729},"01a1366a-a198-724b-bd41-ed18a5934533","Doseg negacije: ne svi i nitko","doseg-negacije-ne-svi-i-nitko",144,{"id":731,"title":732,"slug":733,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":735},"01a1366a-a2b6-732f-84bb-76f0651855e6","Naglasne promjene u sklonidbi i sprezanju","naglasne-promjene-u-sklonidbi-i-sprezanju","C1",145,{"id":737,"title":738,"slug":739,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":740},"01a1366a-a239-7f3e-9755-d6f4bc976738","Imenice koje se rabe samo u jednini ili množini","imenice-koje-se-rabe-samo-u-jednini-ili-mnozini",146,{"id":742,"title":743,"slug":744,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":745},"01a1366a-a3e4-7dd1-848f-508e5fd6a43e","Sklonidba stranih imena i pokrata","sklonidba-stranih-imena-i-pokrata",147,{"id":747,"title":748,"slug":749,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":750},"01a1366a-a38b-79bc-9fe9-1dc45bb962a5","Pridjevski oblici i stilska obilježenost","pridjevski-oblici-i-stilska-obiljezenost",148,{"id":752,"title":753,"slug":754,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":755},"01a1366a-a3fc-7654-9cba-8c4b4a48c8b6","Sročnost uz brojeve, skupne i zbirne imenice","srocnost-uz-brojeve-skupne-i-zbirne-imenice",149,{"id":757,"title":758,"slug":759,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":760},"01a1366a-a401-761f-bce4-df5a7850619e","Sročnost uz više subjekata","srocnost-uz-vise-subjekata",150,{"id":762,"title":763,"slug":764,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":765},"01a1366a-a1fb-7dff-8cbe-aaf1132ea3dc","Glagolske dopune i značenjske razlike","glagolske-dopune-i-znacenjske-razlike",151,{"id":767,"title":768,"slug":769,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":770},"01a1366a-a2a4-7eb0-9213-f75f4d42108c","Modalne čestice i stupanj sigurnosti","modalne-cestice-i-stupanj-sigurnosti",152,{"id":772,"title":773,"slug":774,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":775},"01a1366a-a27c-7145-b0f4-ec011ee5ded6","Kondicional u ublažavanju tvrdnji","kondicional-u-ublazavanju-tvrdnji",153,{"id":777,"title":778,"slug":779,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":780},"01a1366a-a45f-718f-bd0a-4d8ec78fa9e3","Vidski izbor u uputama, definicijama i komentarima","vidski-izbor-u-uputama-definicijama-i-komentarima",154,{"id":782,"title":783,"slug":784,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":785},"01a1366a-a14a-7000-9beb-d147f77d4493","Aorist u književnosti i razgovornome jeziku","aorist-u-knjizevnosti-i-razgovornome-jeziku",155,{"id":787,"title":788,"slug":789,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":790},"01a1366a-a244-7a20-ac57-ad32f0173535","Imperfekt u književnom 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tvrdnje","uzrok-povod-i-obrazlozenje-tvrdnje",160,{"id":812,"title":813,"slug":814,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":815},"01a1366a-a1a6-760b-bcb7-4a97d7554de4","Enklitike uz umetnute i duge rečenične dijelove","enklitike-uz-umetnute-i-duge-recenicne-dijelove",161,{"id":817,"title":818,"slug":819,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":820},"01a1366a-a411-7a23-9de4-2cb7b48c9a95","Stilski obilježen red riječi","stilski-obiljezen-red-rijeci",162,{"id":822,"title":823,"slug":824,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":825},"01a1366a-a145-7641-b2ff-204859f61975","Anafora, katafora i jasnoća upućivanja","anafora-katafora-i-jasnoca-upucivanja",163,{"id":827,"title":828,"slug":829,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":830},"01a1366a-a14e-7eed-87a7-2857019538c3","Argumentacijski konektori i logički odnosi","argumentacijski-konektori-i-logicki-odnosi",164,{"id":832,"title":833,"slug":834,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":835},"01a1366a-a2f5-7a05-afa7-5f49072300cd","Nominalizacija u stručnom i administrativnom tekstu","nominalizacija-u-strucnom-i-administrativnom-tekstu",165,{"id":837,"title":838,"slug":839,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":840},"01a1366a-a406-785a-978c-4cb6c44ad4a4","Standardne inačice i razlike u registru","standardne-inacice-i-razlike-u-registru",166,{"id":842,"title":843,"slug":844,"language":9,"level":734,"displayOrder":845},"01a1366a-a3b0-7670-a2a5-39444a81173e","Razgovorne konstrukcije i pisani standard","razgovorne-konstrukcije-i-pisani-standard",167,{"id":847,"title":848,"slug":849,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":851},"01a1366a-a3f3-76a1-bd30-46ad14defd0f","Slobodni neupravni govor i pripovjedna perspektiva","slobodni-neupravni-govor-i-pripovjedna-perspektiva","C2",168,{"id":853,"title":854,"slug":855,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":856},"01a1366a-a3f7-7f7b-9df4-ab31cf728790","Smjena glagolskih vremena u književnom tekstu","smjena-glagolskih-vremena-u-knjizevnom-tekstu",169,{"id":858,"title":859,"slug":860,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":861},"01a1366a-a154-77a6-9f2c-3b9cb26bada5","Arhaični glagolski oblici u čitanju","arhaicni-glagolski-oblici-u-citanju",170,{"id":863,"title":864,"slug":865,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":866},"01a1366a-a189-7dde-9e30-e64e1ce01575","Dijalektni oblici u književnom dijalogu","dijalektni-oblici-u-knjizevnom-dijalogu",171,{"id":868,"title":869,"slug":870,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":871},"01a1366a-a1bf-7b83-8729-9565aa5e4e98","Futur prvi za pretpostavku i zapovijed","futur-prvi-za-pretpostavku-i-zapovijed",172,{"id":873,"title":874,"slug":875,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":876},"01a1366a-a1ab-7431-bff8-c2b2f9f62e84","Etički dativ i izražavanje stava","eticki-dativ-i-izrazavanje-stava",173,{"id":878,"title":879,"slug":880,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":881},"01a1366a-a467-7f96-b861-eceb926be539","Vokativ u ekspresivnim i pripovjednim konstrukcijama","vokativ-u-ekspresivnim-i-pripovjednim-konstrukcijama",174,{"id":883,"title":884,"slug":885,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":886},"01a1366a-a15a-7050-8fba-c91bf15f84a6","Asindetske rečenice i tumačenje odnosa","asindetske-recenice-i-tumacenje-odnosa",175,{"id":888,"title":889,"slug":890,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":891},"01a1366a-a1a1-7737-9e80-4ddc21bd3482","Eliptične pogodbene i dopusne konstrukcije","elipticne-pogodbene-i-dopusne-konstrukcije",176,{"id":893,"title":894,"slug":895,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":896},"01a1366a-a3c6-73ba-98d0-35865c828d3e","Retorička pitanja i niječni odgovori","retoricka-pitanja-i-nijecni-odgovori",177,{"id":898,"title":899,"slug":900,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":901},"01a1366a-a31a-7b8a-abdf-40daa5813266","Paralelizam i elipsa u stiliziranom tekstu","paralelizam-i-elipsa-u-stiliziranom-tekstu",178,{"id":903,"title":904,"slug":905,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":906},"01a1366a-a2be-7cc7-a626-5d50319d50be","Namjerni anakolut i granice sintaktičke prihvatljivosti","namjerni-anakolut-i-granice-sintakticke-prihvatljivosti",179,{"id":908,"title":909,"slug":910,"language":9,"level":850,"displayOrder":911},"01a1366a-a226-7806-ba82-502597d98a70","Gramatička višeznačnost i igra riječima","gramaticka-viseznacnost-i-igra-rijecima",180,{"id":570,"title":571,"slug":572,"seoDescription":913,"content":914,"language":9,"level":573,"displayOrder":574,"grammarTopics":915,"createdAt":921,"updatedAt":922,"vocabularyLists":923,"primaryTopicHub":1069,"readyImages":1071},"Razlikuj sibilarizaciju i palatalizaciju u hrvatskim oblicima riječi: promjene k, g, h, njihovu uporabu u sklonidbi i glagolima te česte iznimke u pisanju.","U oblicima iste riječi suglasnici se mogu mijenjati: **ruka – ruci**, **junak – junače**. Naučit ćeš razlikovati sibilarizaciju i palatalizaciju, povezati ih s gramatičkim oblicima i prepoznati česte slučajeve u kojima promjene nema.\n\n## 1. Dvije promjene, različiti rezultati\n\n*Sibilarizacija* je promjena suglasnika **k, g, h u c, z, s** ispred **i** u određenim oblicima riječi. *Palatalizacijom* se **k, g, h** mijenjaju u **č, ž, š**, najčešće ispred **e**, a u nekim oblicima i ispred **i**. Palatalizacija obuhvaća i promjene **c → č** te **z → ž** u vokativu: **stric – striče**, **knez – kneže**.\n\nSljedeća tablica uspoređuje promjene polaznih suglasnika **k, g, h**.\n\n| Polazni suglasnik | Sibilarizacija | Palatalizacija |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **k** | ruka – ru**c**i | junak – juna**č**e |\n| **g** | knjiga – knji**z**i | drug – dru**ž**e |\n| **h** | svrha – svr**s**i | duh – du**š**e |\n\nNemoj promjenu određivati samo prema samoglasniku koji slijedi. Važni su i riječ i njezin gramatički oblik.\n\n:::warning\nIspred **e** ili **i** promjena nije automatska: **ruke**, **knjige**, **baki** i **kolegi** pravilni su oblici bez tih promjena.\n:::\n\n## 2. Sibilarizacija u sklonidbi imenica\n\nSibilarizaciju često susrećeš u dativu i lokativu jednine imenica ženskoga roda te u određenim množinskim oblicima imenica muškoga roda.\n\n| Gramatički oblik | Polazna riječ | Oblik sa sibilarizacijom |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Dativ i lokativ jednine | ruka | **ruci** |\n| Dativ i lokativ jednine | knjiga | **knjizi** |\n| Dativ i lokativ jednine | noga | **nozi** |\n| Nominativ množine | učenik | **učenici** |\n| Dativ, lokativ i instrumental množine | učenik | **učenicima** |\n| Nominativ množine | orah | **orasi** |\n| Dativ, lokativ i instrumental množine | orah | **orasima** |\n\n:::example\nNa lijevoj **ruci** nosi sat. — lokativ jednine\n\nU ovoj **knjizi** nema slika. — lokativ jednine\n\n**Učenici** čekaju ispred škole. — nominativ množine\n\nRazgovaramo o **učenicima** koji sudjeluju u projektu. — lokativ množine\n:::\n\nPromjena ne zahvaća sve oblike iste imenice: **učenik – učenika – učeniku – učenici – učenicima**. U oblicima **učenika** i **učeniku** ostaje **k**.\n\n## 3. Palatalizacija u vokativu i glasovne promjene u glagolskim oblicima\n\nU vokativu jednine mnogih imenica muškoga roda ispred nastavka **-e** dolazi do palatalizacije.\n\n| Nominativ jednine | Vokativ jednine |\n| --- | --- |\n| junak | **junače** |\n| vojnik | **vojniče** |\n| drug | **druže** |\n| duh | **duše** |\n\nU vokativu se pojavljuju i promjene **c → č** te **z → ž**: **stric – striče**, **knez – kneže**.\n\n:::example\n**Vojniče**, priđi!\n\nDragi **striče**, hvala ti na pomoći.\n:::\n\nVokativ od ostatka rečenice odvajamo zarezom. Ne dobiva, međutim, svaki vokativ nastavak **-e**: primjerice, vokativ imenice **kolega** glasi **kolega**.\n\nPalatalizacija se vidi i u nekim glagolskim oblicima. U prezentu glagola **peći** usporedi **pečem, pečeš, peče** s oblikom **peku**. Oblik **peku** pokazuje osnovu s **k**, dok ispred **e** u navedenim oblicima dolazi **č**.\n\nU prezentu glagola **moći** usporedi **mogu** i **možeš, može**. Oblik **mogu** pokazuje osnovu s **g**, dok ispred **e** u oblicima **možeš** i **može** dolazi **ž**.\n\n### Sibilarizacija u imperativu\n\nSibilarizacija se pojavljuje i u imperativu nekih glagola. Suglasnik osnove možeš prepoznati u trećem licu množine prezenta: **peku**, **reku**, **legnu**. U sljedećim imperativima **k** prelazi u **c**, a **g** u **z** ispred **i**.\n\n| Infinitiv | Imperativ: ti | Imperativ: mi | Imperativ: vi |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| peći | **peci** | **pecimo** | **pecite** |\n| reći | **reci** | **recimo** | **recite** |\n| leći | **lezi** | **lezimo** | **lezite** |\n\n:::example\n**Peci** kruh još deset minuta.\n\n**Reci** mi istinu.\n\n**Recimo** im što se dogodilo.\n\n**Recite** nam svoje mišljenje.\n\n**Lezi** malo.\n:::\n\n## 4. Kada sibilarizacija izostaje\n\nNije dovoljno uočiti završetak **-ka**, **-ga** ili **-ha** i dodati **-i** uz promjenu suglasnika. Neke riječi zadržavaju polazni suglasnik.\n\n| Nominativ jednine | Dativ i lokativ jednine |\n| --- | --- |\n| baka | **baki** |\n| kolega | **kolegi** |\n| liga | **ligi** |\n| zaliha | **zalihi** |\n| Luka | **Luki** |\n| Olga | **Olgi** |\n\n:::example\nPoslala sam poruku **baki**.\n\nPredao sam dokumente **kolegi**.\n\nKlub igra u prvoj **ligi**.\n\nJavit ću se **Luki** nakon sastanka.\n:::\n\nNi skup suglasnika ispred završnoga **-a** nije dovoljan razlog da promjenu izostaviš: pravilno je **majka – majci** i **djevojka – djevojci**.\n\n:::tip\nUz imenicu za koju nisi siguran zapamti i jedan čest oblik: **baka – baki**, ali **majka – majci**. Za nepoznatu riječ provjeri rječnički navedene oblike umjesto da pravilo primijeniš mehanički.\n:::\n\n## 5. Razlikuj oblike iste riječi\n\nIsta riječ može pokazivati obje promjene, ali u različitim oblicima.\n\n| Oblik imenice junak | Uporaba | Promjena |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| **junak** | nominativ jednine | nema promjene |\n| **junaka** | genitiv jednine | nema promjene |\n| **junače** | vokativ jednine | palatalizacija: **k → č** |\n| **junaci** | nominativ množine | sibilarizacija: **k → c** |\n| **junacima** | dativ, lokativ i instrumental množine | sibilarizacija: **k → c** |\n\n:::warning\nZa nominativ množine imenice **junak** upotrijebi **junaci**, ne **junači**. Za obraćanje jednome junaku upotrijebi **junače**, ne **junace**. Razlika između **c** i **č** ovdje pokazuje dvije različite glasovne promjene.\n:::\n\n## 6. Kako odabrati pravilan oblik\n\n1. Odredi koji ti gramatički oblik treba: primjerice, lokativ jednine, nominativ množine ili vokativ.\n2. Pogledaj suglasnik u osnovi: **k**, **g** ili **h**; u vokativu obrati pozornost i na **c** i **z**.\n3. Poveži promjenu s poznatim obrascem: **knjiga – knjizi**, **učenik – učenici**, **junak – junače**.\n4. Provjeri pripada li riječ čestim iznimkama, poput **baki** ili **kolegi**.\n\nZa brzo prisjećanje: **sibilarizacija daje c, z, s**, a **palatalizacija daje č, ž, š**. Samo slovo koje slijedi nije dovoljno: uvijek provjeri i gramatički oblik i konkretnu riječ.",[916],{"id":917,"name":918,"level":573,"language":9,"isCompleted":919,"completionPercentage":920,"totalExercises":56,"completedExercises":920},"01a1366a-a0b7-7743-aa6f-c527a4cc59a2","Glasovne promjene i pravilan zapis",false,0,"2026-10-13T17:58:40+00:00","2026-10-13T18:00:52+00:00",[924],{"id":925,"title":926,"vocabularyListWords":927,"isPublished":968},"01a1366b-06d0-7452-a370-ae4b3abfc9e3","Riječi sa sibilarizacijom i palatalizacijom",[928,934,940,946,952,958,969,975,981,987,993,999,1005,1011,1017,1023,1029,1035,1041,1047,1053,1061],{"id":929,"vocabularyWord":930,"displayOrder":11},"01a1366b-06d0-74ca-a370-ae4b3ad5fe06",{"id":931,"word":932,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":933,"audio":919},"01a1366a-de94-7da8-bf6e-99588de52584","ruka",[],{"id":935,"vocabularyWord":936,"displayOrder":16},"01a1366b-06d0-7506-a370-ae4b3b71ca9c",{"id":937,"word":938,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":939,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dcb7-7189-819d-4ad4b8433be2","knjiga",[],{"id":941,"vocabularyWord":942,"displayOrder":21},"01a1366b-06d0-752a-a370-ae4b3bf78e65",{"id":943,"word":944,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":945,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dd70-789f-a5d9-6784876e596e","noga",[],{"id":947,"vocabularyWord":948,"displayOrder":26},"01a1366b-06d0-754a-a370-ae4b3cd4593e",{"id":949,"word":950,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":951,"audio":919},"01a1366a-df80-75f2-b4ce-fb3343546768","učenik",[],{"id":953,"vocabularyWord":954,"displayOrder":31},"01a1366b-06d0-756a-a370-ae4b3d6a26ac",{"id":955,"word":956,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":957,"audio":919},"01a1366a-ddc6-783d-bb8d-2ff6b92e2de8","orah",[],{"id":959,"vocabularyWord":960,"displayOrder":36},"01a1366b-06d0-7586-a370-ae4b3de80cb4",{"id":961,"word":962,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":963,"audio":919},"01a1366a-e061-769b-96f9-2be57cc25688","svrha",[964],{"id":965,"partOfSpeech":966,"definition":967,"isPrimary":968,"meaningOrder":11},"01a1366a-e092-7eb9-9da4-effba524411d","NOUN","",true,{"id":970,"vocabularyWord":971,"displayOrder":41},"01a1366b-06d0-75b6-a370-ae4b3e85a649",{"id":972,"word":973,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":974,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dca5-7948-ae2e-687e4f774eb8","junak",[],{"id":976,"vocabularyWord":977,"displayOrder":46},"01a1366b-06d0-75d6-a370-ae4b3f6387d2",{"id":978,"word":979,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":980,"audio":919},"01a1366a-df95-74dc-9f0a-bf14bcf38404","vojnik",[],{"id":982,"vocabularyWord":983,"displayOrder":51},"01a1366b-06d0-75f6-a370-ae4b3f8e962e",{"id":984,"word":985,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":986,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dc1a-795c-a096-b421e6b94659","drug",[],{"id":988,"vocabularyWord":989,"displayOrder":56},"01a1366b-06d0-7612-a370-ae4b405ef314",{"id":990,"word":991,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":992,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dc1e-7b47-b6f3-db042c3e8b9b","duh",[],{"id":994,"vocabularyWord":995,"displayOrder":61},"01a1366b-06d0-762e-a370-ae4b412b536b",{"id":996,"word":997,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":998,"audio":919},"01a1366a-df04-74ad-b9fe-dfd11dba8433","stric",[],{"id":1000,"vocabularyWord":1001,"displayOrder":66},"01a1366b-06d0-764a-a370-ae4b41729c6d",{"id":1002,"word":1003,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1004,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dcb6-7166-95b6-6df96568094a","knez",[],{"id":1006,"vocabularyWord":1007,"displayOrder":71},"01a1366b-06d0-7666-a370-ae4b420a3315",{"id":1008,"word":1009,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1010,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dde5-785a-9b60-b399cc364905","peći",[],{"id":1012,"vocabularyWord":1013,"displayOrder":76},"01a1366b-06d0-7682-a370-ae4b426e74d8",{"id":1014,"word":1015,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1016,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dd46-7049-a9fe-a65bf6d5bf2f","moći",[],{"id":1018,"vocabularyWord":1019,"displayOrder":81},"01a1366b-06d0-769e-a370-ae4b431d2fe5",{"id":1020,"word":1021,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1022,"audio":919},"01a1366a-de8e-7092-a6df-c30514a062e2","reći",[],{"id":1024,"vocabularyWord":1025,"displayOrder":86},"01a1366b-06d0-76ba-a370-ae4b43de710d",{"id":1026,"word":1027,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1028,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dcd3-7a9e-8542-00128e44b9d6","leći",[],{"id":1030,"vocabularyWord":1031,"displayOrder":91},"01a1366b-06d0-76d6-a370-ae4b44d598cb",{"id":1032,"word":1033,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1034,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dbd8-769b-8757-075586e22ba4","baka",[],{"id":1036,"vocabularyWord":1037,"displayOrder":96},"01a1366b-06d0-76f2-a370-ae4b45692131",{"id":1038,"word":1039,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1040,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dd29-756a-8f1f-aa45a39aabfb","majka",[],{"id":1042,"vocabularyWord":1043,"displayOrder":101},"01a1366b-06d0-770e-a370-ae4b45f49815",{"id":1044,"word":1045,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1046,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dc0c-72d1-8713-2e5fdf347694","djevojka",[],{"id":1048,"vocabularyWord":1049,"displayOrder":106},"01a1366b-06d0-772a-a370-ae4b46bff3b3",{"id":1050,"word":1051,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1052,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dcbe-7148-9594-656f2beaecf7","kolega",[],{"id":1054,"vocabularyWord":1055,"displayOrder":111},"01a1366b-06d0-7746-a370-ae4b47797a70",{"id":1056,"word":1057,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1058,"audio":919},"01a1366a-dfc4-79d1-9ee0-091486c8b561","liga",[1059],{"id":1060,"partOfSpeech":966,"definition":967,"isPrimary":968,"meaningOrder":11},"01a1366a-dfdf-70e4-ab6b-2f7deba60aa5",{"id":1062,"vocabularyWord":1063,"displayOrder":116},"01a1366b-06d0-7762-a370-ae4b481acde0",{"id":1064,"word":1065,"language":9,"partsOfSpeech":1066,"audio":919},"01a1366a-e073-7019-ad2e-287281126342","zaliha",[1067],{"id":1068,"partOfSpeech":966,"definition":967,"isPrimary":968,"meaningOrder":11},"01a1366a-e094-76c5-8275-7b2a0da71719",{"name":918,"slug":1070,"language":9},"glasovne-promjene-zapis-b2",[],{"id":917,"name":918,"slug":1070,"language":9,"level":573,"introduction":1073,"lessonCount":21,"totalExercises":56,"objectives":1074,"prerequisites":1077,"lessons":1079},"Promijenjeni suglasnik može nastati različitim postupcima. Od sklonidbenih i glagolskih oblika prijeđi na jotaciju, zatim na dodir susjednih suglasnika: provjeri uzrok promjene i razlikuj ono što čuješ od onoga što pišeš.",[1075,1076],"Razlikovati sibilarizaciju, palatalizaciju i jotaciju prema obliku riječi.","Prepoznati jednačenje suglasnika te sačuvati pravopisne iznimke.",[1078],"Poznavanje padeža, prezenta, imperativa, komparativa i trpnoga pridjeva.",[1080,1098,1114],{"id":570,"contentId":1081,"slug":572,"title":571,"level":573,"summary":1082,"order":11,"exercises":1083},"pg_e8d271a2-1a04-4e66-b8f9-93897e381ca6","Poveži promjene k, g i h s padežom i glagolskim oblikom te prepoznaj iznimke.",[1084,1088,1091,1095],{"id":1085,"title":1086,"order":920,"type":1087},"01a1366a-d050-7c5a-b7ee-fd2bb8fb4056","Imenice: promjena suglasnika i iznimke","word_select",{"id":1089,"title":1090,"order":11,"type":1087},"01a1366a-d06f-7bab-9721-565fb82081fe","Obraćanje, prezent i imperativ",{"id":1092,"title":1093,"order":16,"type":1094},"01a1366a-d08e-7642-b545-61543a62d55a","Složi rečenice s glasovnim promjenama","sentence_builder",{"id":1096,"title":1097,"order":21,"type":1094},"01a1366a-d09f-714c-ae24-4c8aca3a8522","Složi obraćanja i glagolske rečenice",{"id":581,"contentId":1099,"slug":583,"title":582,"level":573,"summary":1100,"order":16,"exercises":1101},"pg_8bfd4f48-d6f3-4f60-b12e-62d1529f30b1","Razlikuj jotaciju u prezentu, trpnom pridjevu i komparativu od sličnih rezultata palatalizacije.",[1102,1105,1108,1111],{"id":1103,"title":1104,"order":920,"type":1087},"01a1366a-b6da-78a0-bd65-84f7fa0ae979","Jotacija u prezentu i trpnim oblicima",{"id":1106,"title":1107,"order":11,"type":1087},"01a1366a-b6f2-7265-92aa-d3a13ce8d80f","Komparativi i granice jotacije",{"id":1109,"title":1110,"order":16,"type":1094},"01a1366a-b70c-70a5-982a-546ff0e06363","Jotacija u radnjama i opisima stanja",{"id":1112,"title":1113,"order":21,"type":1094},"01a1366a-b71f-70f6-8b42-05e5a88c70c3","Komparativi u izborima i usporedbama",{"id":576,"contentId":1115,"slug":578,"title":577,"level":573,"summary":1116,"order":21,"exercises":1117},"pg_1202f5df-0b25-41fc-91cf-e1056cbc762d","Usporedi prilagodbu po zvučnosti i mjestu tvorbe s pravopisnim iznimkama i granicom riječi.",[1118,1121],{"id":1119,"title":1120,"order":920,"type":1087},"01a1366a-b662-7bc6-a9a8-7533b48edf92","Zvučnost i mjesto tvorbe",{"id":1122,"title":1123,"order":11,"type":1087},"01a1366a-b67a-734f-81fa-56dd049676dc","Kada zapis ne prati izgovor",[1125,1131,1135,1139],{"@id":1126,"@type":1127,"id":1085,"grammarPage":1128,"title":1086,"instructions":1129,"displayOrder":920,"type":1087,"questionCount":81,"blankCount":121,"isCompleted":919,"ogImageUrl":1130},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-d050-7c5a-b7ee-fd2bb8fb4056","GrammarExercise","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a1366a-a3d7-776d-ac02-477f1d4b1c1c","Odaberi pravilne standardne oblike imenica. Pazi na padež, broj i riječi u kojima promjena izostaje.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_eae32101-8e83-445f-ac4d-1d678e2c3514_hero.webp?v=1791914332",{"@id":1132,"@type":1127,"id":1089,"grammarPage":1128,"title":1090,"instructions":1133,"displayOrder":11,"type":1087,"questionCount":81,"blankCount":126,"isCompleted":919,"ogImageUrl":1134},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-d06f-7bab-9721-565fb82081fe","Odaberi standardne oblike. U obraćanju upotrijebi vokativ, a u glagolskim zadatcima oblik zadan kontekstom.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_2ad869b9-c0af-4c1a-8eab-e5a636514793_hero.webp?v=1791914332",{"@id":1136,"@type":1127,"id":1092,"grammarPage":1128,"title":1093,"instructions":1137,"displayOrder":16,"type":1094,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":66,"isCompleted":919,"ogImageUrl":1138},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-d08e-7642-b545-61543a62d55a","Složi rečenicu od ponuđenih riječi. Svaka rečenica ima jednu suvišnu riječ. Pazi na oblik imenice ili glagola, veliko slovo i interpunkciju.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_32e3ebad-1dc7-4e35-a0cb-7858e4629664_hero.webp?v=1791914332",{"@id":1140,"@type":1127,"id":1096,"grammarPage":1128,"title":1097,"instructions":1141,"displayOrder":21,"type":1094,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":66,"isCompleted":919,"ogImageUrl":1142},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a1366a-d09f-714c-ae24-4c8aca3a8522","Složi rečenicu od ponuđenih riječi. Svaka rečenica ima jednu suvišnu riječ. Pazi na vokativ, glagolski oblik, veliko slovo i interpunkciju.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_bb9f0daa-4a55-4959-984d-fc4a4cddda9c_hero.webp?v=1791914332",{"id":1085,"grammarPage":1128,"title":1086,"instructions":1129,"seoTitle":1144,"seoDescription":1145,"displayOrder":920,"type":1087,"questions":1146,"ogImageUrl":1130},"Sibilarizacija imenica: oblici i iznimke","Vježbajte sibilarizaciju imenica odabirom oblika u rečenicama o obitelji, školi, sportu i svakodnevici te razlikujte promijenjene osnove od iznimaka.",[1147],{"id":1148,"sentenceTemplate":1149,"displayOrder":920,"explanation":1150,"exampleSentence":1151,"blanks":1152},"01a1366a-d050-7e72-b7ee-fd2bbbbad039","Nakon dugog hodanja osjetila je bol u desnoj __1__.","Prijedlog u uz mjesto boli traži lokativ. Lokativ jednine imenice noga glasi nozi: g prelazi u z, a ne u ž.","Ozljeda se na nozi više ne vidi.",[1153],{"id":1154,"blankNumber":11,"options":1155},"01a1366a-d050-7e26-b7ee-fd2bbb4257f7",[1156,1159,1162],{"id":1157,"optionText":1158,"isCorrect":919,"displayOrder":920},"01a1366a-d050-7d96-b7ee-fd2bb9a01c20","nogi",{"id":1160,"optionText":1161,"isCorrect":968,"displayOrder":11},"01a1366a-d050-7dda-b7ee-fd2bb9ff1307","nozi",{"id":1163,"optionText":1164,"isCorrect":919,"displayOrder":16},"01a1366a-d050-7e02-b7ee-fd2bbaf7640f","noži",{"html":1166,"toc":1167},"\u003Cp>U oblicima iste riječi suglasnici se mogu mijenjati: \u003Cstrong>ruka – ruci\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>junak – junače\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Naučit ćeš razlikovati sibilarizaciju i palatalizaciju, povezati ih s gramatičkim oblicima i prepoznati česte slučajeve u kojima promjene nema.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"dvije-promjene-razliiti-rezultati\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>Dvije promjene, različiti rezultati\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Sibilarizacija\u003C\u002Fem> je promjena suglasnika \u003Cstrong>k, g, h u c, z, s\u003C\u002Fstrong> ispred \u003Cstrong>i\u003C\u002Fstrong> u određenim oblicima riječi. \u003Cem>Palatalizacijom\u003C\u002Fem> se \u003Cstrong>k, g, h\u003C\u002Fstrong> mijenjaju u \u003Cstrong>č, ž, š\u003C\u002Fstrong>, najčešće ispred \u003Cstrong>e\u003C\u002Fstrong>, a u nekim oblicima i ispred \u003Cstrong>i\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Palatalizacija obuhvaća i promjene \u003Cstrong>c → č\u003C\u002Fstrong> te \u003Cstrong>z → ž\u003C\u002Fstrong> u vokativu: \u003Cstrong>stric – striče\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>knez – kneže\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Sljedeća tablica uspoređuje promjene polaznih suglasnika \u003Cstrong>k, g, h\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>Polazni suglasnik\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Sibilarizacija\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Palatalizacija\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>k\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>ruka – ru\u003Cstrong>c\u003C\u002Fstrong>i\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>junak – juna\u003Cstrong>č\u003C\u002Fstrong>e\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>g\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>knjiga – knji\u003Cstrong>z\u003C\u002Fstrong>i\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>drug – dru\u003Cstrong>ž\u003C\u002Fstrong>e\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>h\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>svrha – svr\u003Cstrong>s\u003C\u002Fstrong>i\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>duh – du\u003Cstrong>š\u003C\u002Fstrong>e\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>Nemoj promjenu određivati samo prema samoglasniku koji slijedi. Važni su i riječ i njezin gramatički oblik.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>Ispred \u003Cstrong>e\u003C\u002Fstrong> ili \u003Cstrong>i\u003C\u002Fstrong> promjena nije automatska: \u003Cstrong>ruke\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>knjige\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>baki\u003C\u002Fstrong> i \u003Cstrong>kolegi\u003C\u002Fstrong> pravilni su oblici bez tih promjena.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"sibilarizacija-u-sklonidbi-imenica\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>Sibilarizacija u sklonidbi imenica\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Sibilarizaciju često susrećeš u dativu i lokativu jednine imenica ženskoga roda te u određenim množinskim oblicima imenica muškoga roda.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>Gramatički oblik\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Polazna riječ\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Oblik sa sibilarizacijom\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>Dativ i lokativ jednine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>ruka\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>ruci\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>Dativ i lokativ jednine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>knjiga\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>knjizi\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>Dativ i lokativ jednine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>noga\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>nozi\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>Nominativ množine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>učenik\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>učenici\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>Dativ, lokativ i instrumental množine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>učenik\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>učenicima\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>Nominativ množine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>orah\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>orasi\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>Dativ, lokativ i instrumental množine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>orah\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>orasima\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>Na lijevoj \u003Cstrong>ruci\u003C\u002Fstrong> nosi sat. — lokativ jednine\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>U ovoj \u003Cstrong>knjizi\u003C\u002Fstrong> nema slika. — lokativ jednine\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Učenici\u003C\u002Fstrong> čekaju ispred škole. — nominativ množine\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Razgovaramo o \u003Cstrong>učenicima\u003C\u002Fstrong> koji sudjeluju u projektu. — lokativ množine\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>Promjena ne zahvaća sve oblike iste imenice: \u003Cstrong>učenik – učenika – učeniku – učenici – učenicima\u003C\u002Fstrong>. U oblicima \u003Cstrong>učenika\u003C\u002Fstrong> i \u003Cstrong>učeniku\u003C\u002Fstrong> ostaje \u003Cstrong>k\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"palatalizacija-u-vokativu-i-glasovne-promjene-u-glagolskim-oblicima\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>Palatalizacija u vokativu i glasovne promjene u glagolskim oblicima\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>U vokativu jednine mnogih imenica muškoga roda ispred nastavka \u003Cstrong>-e\u003C\u002Fstrong> dolazi do palatalizacije.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>Nominativ jednine\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Vokativ jednine\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>junak\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>junače\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>vojnik\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>vojniče\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>drug\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>druže\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>duh\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>duše\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>U vokativu se pojavljuju i promjene \u003Cstrong>c → č\u003C\u002Fstrong> te \u003Cstrong>z → ž\u003C\u002Fstrong>: \u003Cstrong>stric – striče\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>knez – kneže\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Vojniče\u003C\u002Fstrong>, priđi!\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Dragi \u003Cstrong>striče\u003C\u002Fstrong>, hvala ti na pomoći.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>Vokativ od ostatka rečenice odvajamo zarezom. Ne dobiva, međutim, svaki vokativ nastavak \u003Cstrong>-e\u003C\u002Fstrong>: primjerice, vokativ imenice \u003Cstrong>kolega\u003C\u002Fstrong> glasi \u003Cstrong>kolega\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Palatalizacija se vidi i u nekim glagolskim oblicima. U prezentu glagola \u003Cstrong>peći\u003C\u002Fstrong> usporedi \u003Cstrong>pečem, pečeš, peče\u003C\u002Fstrong> s oblikom \u003Cstrong>peku\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Oblik \u003Cstrong>peku\u003C\u002Fstrong> pokazuje osnovu s \u003Cstrong>k\u003C\u002Fstrong>, dok ispred \u003Cstrong>e\u003C\u002Fstrong> u navedenim oblicima dolazi \u003Cstrong>č\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>U prezentu glagola \u003Cstrong>moći\u003C\u002Fstrong> usporedi \u003Cstrong>mogu\u003C\u002Fstrong> i \u003Cstrong>možeš, može\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Oblik \u003Cstrong>mogu\u003C\u002Fstrong> pokazuje osnovu s \u003Cstrong>g\u003C\u002Fstrong>, dok ispred \u003Cstrong>e\u003C\u002Fstrong> u oblicima \u003Cstrong>možeš\u003C\u002Fstrong> i \u003Cstrong>može\u003C\u002Fstrong> dolazi \u003Cstrong>ž\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch3 id=\"sibilarizacija-u-imperativu\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.1\u003C\u002Fspan>Sibilarizacija u imperativu\u003C\u002Fh3>\n\u003Cp>Sibilarizacija se pojavljuje i u imperativu nekih glagola. Suglasnik osnove možeš prepoznati u trećem licu množine prezenta: \u003Cstrong>peku\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>reku\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>legnu\u003C\u002Fstrong>. U sljedećim imperativima \u003Cstrong>k\u003C\u002Fstrong> prelazi u \u003Cstrong>c\u003C\u002Fstrong>, a \u003Cstrong>g\u003C\u002Fstrong> u \u003Cstrong>z\u003C\u002Fstrong> ispred \u003Cstrong>i\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>Infinitiv\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Imperativ: ti\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Imperativ: mi\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Imperativ: vi\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>peći\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>peci\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>pecimo\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>pecite\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>reći\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>reci\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>recimo\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>recite\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>leći\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>lezi\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>lezimo\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>lezite\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Peci\u003C\u002Fstrong> kruh još deset minuta.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Reci\u003C\u002Fstrong> mi istinu.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Recimo\u003C\u002Fstrong> im što se dogodilo.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Recite\u003C\u002Fstrong> nam svoje mišljenje.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Lezi\u003C\u002Fstrong> malo.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"kada-sibilarizacija-izostaje\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>Kada sibilarizacija izostaje\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Nije dovoljno uočiti završetak \u003Cstrong>-ka\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>-ga\u003C\u002Fstrong> ili \u003Cstrong>-ha\u003C\u002Fstrong> i dodati \u003Cstrong>-i\u003C\u002Fstrong> uz promjenu suglasnika. Neke riječi zadržavaju polazni suglasnik.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>Nominativ jednine\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Dativ i lokativ jednine\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>baka\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>baki\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>kolega\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>kolegi\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>liga\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>ligi\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>zaliha\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>zalihi\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>Luka\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>Luki\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>Olga\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>Olgi\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>Poslala sam poruku \u003Cstrong>baki\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Predao sam dokumente \u003Cstrong>kolegi\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Klub igra u prvoj \u003Cstrong>ligi\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Javit ću se \u003Cstrong>Luki\u003C\u002Fstrong> nakon sastanka.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>Ni skup suglasnika ispred završnoga \u003Cstrong>-a\u003C\u002Fstrong> nije dovoljan razlog da promjenu izostaviš: pravilno je \u003Cstrong>majka – majci\u003C\u002Fstrong> i \u003Cstrong>djevojka – djevojci\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--tip\">\u003Cp>Uz imenicu za koju nisi siguran zapamti i jedan čest oblik: \u003Cstrong>baka – baki\u003C\u002Fstrong>, ali \u003Cstrong>majka – majci\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Za nepoznatu riječ provjeri rječnički navedene oblike umjesto da pravilo primijeniš mehanički.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"razlikuj-oblike-iste-rijei\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>Razlikuj oblike iste riječi\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Ista riječ može pokazivati obje promjene, ali u različitim oblicima.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>Oblik imenice junak\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Uporaba\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Promjena\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>junak\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>nominativ jednine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>nema promjene\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>junaka\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>genitiv jednine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>nema promjene\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>junače\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>vokativ jednine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>palatalizacija: \u003Cstrong>k → č\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>junaci\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>nominativ množine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>sibilarizacija: \u003Cstrong>k → c\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>junacima\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>dativ, lokativ i instrumental množine\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>sibilarizacija: \u003Cstrong>k → c\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>Za nominativ množine imenice \u003Cstrong>junak\u003C\u002Fstrong> upotrijebi \u003Cstrong>junaci\u003C\u002Fstrong>, ne \u003Cstrong>junači\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Za obraćanje jednome junaku upotrijebi \u003Cstrong>junače\u003C\u002Fstrong>, ne \u003Cstrong>junace\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Razlika između \u003Cstrong>c\u003C\u002Fstrong> i \u003Cstrong>č\u003C\u002Fstrong> ovdje pokazuje dvije različite glasovne promjene.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"kako-odabrati-pravilan-oblik\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>Kako odabrati pravilan oblik\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>Odredi koji ti gramatički oblik treba: primjerice, lokativ jednine, nominativ množine ili vokativ.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Pogledaj suglasnik u osnovi: \u003Cstrong>k\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>g\u003C\u002Fstrong> ili \u003Cstrong>h\u003C\u002Fstrong>; u vokativu obrati pozornost i na \u003Cstrong>c\u003C\u002Fstrong> i \u003Cstrong>z\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Poveži promjenu s poznatim obrascem: \u003Cstrong>knjiga – knjizi\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>učenik – učenici\u003C\u002Fstrong>, \u003Cstrong>junak – junače\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Provjeri pripada li riječ čestim iznimkama, poput \u003Cstrong>baki\u003C\u002Fstrong> ili \u003Cstrong>kolegi\u003C\u002Fstrong>.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Cp>Za brzo prisjećanje: \u003Cstrong>sibilarizacija daje c, z, s\u003C\u002Fstrong>, a \u003Cstrong>palatalizacija daje č, ž, š\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Samo slovo koje slijedi nije dovoljno: uvijek provjeri i gramatički oblik i konkretnu riječ.\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[1168,1172,1176,1180,1184,1188,1192],{"id":1169,"text":1170,"depth":16,"number":1171},"dvije-promjene-razliiti-rezultati","Dvije promjene, različiti rezultati","1",{"id":1173,"text":1174,"depth":16,"number":1175},"sibilarizacija-u-sklonidbi-imenica","Sibilarizacija u sklonidbi imenica","2",{"id":1177,"text":1178,"depth":16,"number":1179},"palatalizacija-u-vokativu-i-glasovne-promjene-u-glagolskim-oblicima","Palatalizacija u vokativu i glasovne promjene u glagolskim oblicima","3",{"id":1181,"text":1182,"depth":21,"number":1183},"sibilarizacija-u-imperativu","Sibilarizacija u imperativu","3.1",{"id":1185,"text":1186,"depth":16,"number":1187},"kada-sibilarizacija-izostaje","Kada sibilarizacija izostaje","4",{"id":1189,"text":1190,"depth":16,"number":1191},"razlikuj-oblike-iste-rijei","Razlikuj oblike iste riječi","5",{"id":1193,"text":1194,"depth":16,"number":1195},"kako-odabrati-pravilan-oblik","Kako odabrati pravilan oblik","6"]