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例示を超える条件","de-are-to-reiji-o-koeru-jouken",235,{"id":1188,"title":1189,"slug":1190,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1191},"01a09a7b-ebb7-7992-8713-aa129d1a1e39","にせよ・にしろと複数の仮定","ni-seyo-ni-shiro-to-fukusuu-no-katei",236,{"id":1193,"title":1194,"slug":1195,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1196},"01a09a7b-ed56-70ab-b13a-5aa70401279e","とあってと特別な事情","to-atte-to-tokubetsu-na-jijou",237,{"id":1198,"title":1199,"slug":1200,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1201},"01a09a7b-ed4f-7f72-a3c0-702a69d8efb0","とあればと特別な前提","to-areba-to-tokubetsu-na-zentei",238,{"id":1203,"title":1204,"slug":1205,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1206},"01a09a7b-eb54-7172-83b8-212e0660b39b","なくしてと不可欠な条件","naku-shite-to-fukaketsu-na-jouken",239,{"id":1208,"title":1209,"slug":1210,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1211},"01a09a7b-ec33-76d7-820c-b54371c3b0aa","をもってと期限・手段の宣言","o-motte-to-kigen-shudan-no-sengen",240,{"id":1213,"title":1214,"slug":1215,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1216},"01a09a7b-ec27-7f99-bac3-4733b30f267a","を禁じ得ないと抑えられない感情","o-kinji-enai-to-osaerarenai-kanjou",241,{"id":1218,"title":1219,"slug":1220,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1221},"01a09a7b-ebc2-7a26-a6a8-811ef87212d3","に堪えないと感情の極み","ni-taenai-to-kanjou-no-kiwami",242,{"id":1223,"title":1224,"slug":1225,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1226},"01a09a7b-ea80-7f49-a05f-ee4b16fd6ff0","極まりない・極まると極端な評価","kiwamarinai-kiwamaru-to-kyokutan-na-hyouka",243,{"id":1228,"title":1229,"slug":1230,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1231},"01a09a7b-e8ef-7e0f-87a6-e0b7637d3dba","文中の時制と視点の移動","bunchuu-no-jisei-to-shiten-no-idou",244,{"id":1233,"title":1234,"slug":1235,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1236},"01a09a7b-e9a1-7bd2-a6d1-a5a5d3080392","法令・論文・報道における文体の選択","hourei-ronbun-houdou-ni-okeru-buntai-no-sentaku",245,{"id":495,"title":496,"slug":497,"seoDescription":1238,"content":1239,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":498,"grammarTopics":1240,"createdAt":1246,"updatedAt":1247,"vocabularyLists":1248,"primaryTopicHub":1249,"readyImages":1251},"条件の「ば」を作る規則と、一般的・論理的な条件を表す使い方を学びます。一・二・三グループの動詞、い形容詞の「ければ」、名詞・な形容詞の「ならば／であれば」、否定の「なければ」を表で整理します。状態条件と行動条件を区別し、後ろに依頼や意志を置ける場合にも注意して、助言や判断を正確に伝えられるようになります。","**ば** は、ある条件（じょうけん）が成立（せいりつ）すれば、その結果（けっか）が成り立つことを示します。一般的（いっぱんてき）な関係や、判断（はんだん）のための条件を述べるときに便利です。\n\nここでは、動詞（どうし）だけでなく、形容詞（けいようし）と名詞（めいし）の条件形も一つの体系（たいけい）として整理します。\n\n## 1. 「ば」が表す条件\n\n「ば」は、時間の順番よりも、前の条件と後ろの結果の論理的（ろんりてき）なつながりに注目（ちゅうもく）します。\n\n| 使い方 | 例（れい） | 関係 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 一般的な結果 | 気温（きおん）が零度（れいど）以下になれば、水（みず）は凍（こお）ります。 | 条件がそろうと結果が起こる |\n| 方法（ほうほう） | このボタンを押（お）せば、画面（がめん）が戻（もど）ります。 | 行動が結果を生む |\n| 判断の条件 | 料金（りょうきん）が安（やす）ければ、参加（さんか）します。 | 状態を見て決める |\n\n:::example\n**毎日（まいにち）少しずつ練習（れんしゅう）すれば、速（はや）く読（よ）めるようになります。**\n\n練習することを、能力（のうりょく）が変化するための条件として示しています。\n:::\n\n## 2. 動詞の「ば形」を作る\n\n一グループは、辞書形（じしょけい）の最後の音をエ段（だん）に替（か）えて **ば** を付けます。二グループは最後の「る」を取り、**れば** を付けます。\n\n| グループ | 辞書形 | ば形 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 一グループ | 書（か）く | 書け**ば** |\n| 一グループ | 読む | 読め**ば** |\n| 一グループ | 話（はな）す | 話せ**ば** |\n| 一グループ | 買（か）う | 買え**ば** |\n| 二グループ | 食（た）べる | 食べ**れば** |\n| 二グループ | 見（み）る | 見**れば** |\n| 三グループ | する | **すれば** |\n| 三グループ | 来（く）る | **来（く）れば** |\n\n:::tip\n一グループは、可能形（かのうけい）の「書ける」から「る」を取り、**ば** を付けると考えることもできます。\n:::\n\n## 3. 形容詞と名詞の条件形\n\nい形容詞は最後の **い** を取り、**ければ** を付けます。な形容詞と名詞には、**ならば** または改（あらた）まった **であれば** を使います。\n\n| 種類（しゅるい） | もとの形 | 条件形 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| い形容詞 | 高（たか）い | 高**ければ** |\n| い形容詞 | いい | **よければ** |\n| な形容詞 | 静（しず）かだ | 静か**ならば**／静か**であれば** |\n| 名詞 | 会員（かいいん）だ | 会員**ならば**／会員**であれば** |\n\n会話では「ば」を省いた **静かなら・会員なら** も広く使われます。\n\n:::warning\n**静かだれば** や **会員だれば** とは言いません。な形容詞と名詞は、「ならば」か「であれば」の形にします。\n:::\n\n## 4. 否定は「なければ」\n\n否定（ひてい）の **ない** を **なければ** に替えると、否定条件になります。な形容詞と名詞は **でなければ** を使います。\n\n- 行（い）かない → 行か**なければ**\n- 食べない → 食べ**なければ**\n- 高くない → 高く**なければ**\n- 静かではない → 静か**でなければ**\n- 会員ではない → 会員**でなければ**\n\n:::example\n**内容（ないよう）が分からなければ、受付（うけつけ）で聞（き）いてください。**\n\n「分からない」という状態の場合の助言（じょげん）です。\n:::\n\n## 5. 意志（いし）や依頼（いらい）との組み合わせ\n\n「ば」の後ろに意志や依頼を置けるかは、前の条件の性質（せいしつ）に関係します。\n\n| 前の条件 | 後ろの表現 | 自然な例 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 状態・性質 | 意志 | 天気（てんき）がよければ、出（で）かけます。 |\n| 状態の否定 | 依頼 | 必要（ひつよう）がなければ、返（かえ）してください。 |\n| 一回の意図的（いとてき）な行動 | 依頼 | 駅（えき）に着（つ）いたら、電話してください。 |\n\n:::note\n前の部分が、一回だけ行う意図的な動作の場合、「ば＋依頼・命令（めいれい）・意志」は不自然になりやすいです。**駅に着けば電話してください** より、時間順序を示す **駅に着いたら電話してください** が自然です。\n:::\n\n## 6. 形と意味を確認する\n\n1. 動詞なら、グループに合う「ば形」を作ります。\n2. い形容詞なら「ければ」、名詞・な形容詞なら「ならば／であれば」を使います。\n3. 否定なら「なければ／でなければ」を選（えら）びます。\n4. 一般的な関係や論理条件を表したいか確認します。\n5. 後ろが依頼や意志なら、前が状態か意図的な行動かも見ます。\n\n| 伝えたいこと | 基本の形 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 動作が条件 | **動詞のば形** |\n| 性質が条件 | **い形容詞＋ければ** |\n| 身分や状態が条件 | **名詞・な形容詞＋ならば** |\n| 条件が成立しない場合 | **なければ／でなければ** |",[1241],{"id":1242,"name":1243,"level":452,"language":9,"isCompleted":1244,"completionPercentage":1245,"totalExercises":71,"completedExercises":1245},"01a09c0e-9769-7868-8e65-e543f02fbb76","と・ば・たら・ならの条件",false,0,"2026-09-13T11:16:46+00:00","2026-10-11T12:53:35+00:00",[],{"name":1243,"slug":1250,"language":9},"nara-to-zentei-ni-motozuku-handan-b1",[],{"id":1242,"name":1243,"slug":1250,"language":9,"level":452,"introduction":1253,"lessonCount":26,"totalExercises":71,"objectives":1254,"prerequisites":1258,"lessons":1260},"この学習パスでは「ならと前提に基づく判断」から「と・ば・たら・ならの使い分け」へ進み、と・ば・たら・ならの条件を段階的に学びます。各課の形・意味・使い分けを結び付け、実際の文脈で選べる力を養います。",[1255,1256,1257],"「ならと前提に基づく判断」の形と働きを理解し、文脈に合わせて使える。","「ば形の作り方と一般条件」の形と働きを理解し、文脈に合わせて使える。","「たらの時間順序と発見」の形と働きを理解し、文脈に合わせて使える。",[1259],"A2までの基本活用と助詞を使って、短い複文を理解できる。",[1261,1276,1293,1306],{"id":490,"contentId":1262,"slug":492,"title":491,"level":452,"summary":1263,"order":11,"exercises":1264},"pg_b23781e3-6616-4637-8fce-db910a9cf833","ならは、会話に出た情報や、仮に置いた状況を前提にして、判断、助言、提案などを続ける条件表現です。 単に「もし」という意味を加えるのではなく、「その話なら」「本当にそうするなら」と、前の情報を受けて答える働きがあります。",[1265,1269,1272],{"id":1266,"title":1267,"order":1245,"type":1268},"01a09a7c-0ac2-7557-afb6-61935fcd304a","前提を受ける「なら」","word_select",{"id":1270,"title":1271,"order":11,"type":1268},"01a09a7c-0adf-7cab-b3f2-5f5b0684415a","事前の助言と話題の限定",{"id":1273,"title":1274,"order":16,"type":1275},"01a09a7c-0afc-7b63-b235-f66b3a5ca772","前提から判断を組み立てよう","sentence_builder",{"id":495,"contentId":1277,"slug":497,"title":496,"level":452,"summary":1278,"order":16,"exercises":1279},"pg_ef26deac-b9f6-4802-9237-00da5fbcdb44","ば は、ある条件が成立すれば、その結果が成り立つことを示します。一般的な関係や、判断のための条件を述べるときに便利です。",[1280,1283,1286,1289],{"id":1281,"title":1282,"order":1245,"type":1268},"01a09a7b-ef90-78d0-bb03-538d3a5846a2","ば形の作り方",{"id":1284,"title":1285,"order":11,"type":1268},"01a09a7b-efa8-73eb-a0df-fb90a72ab528","論理条件と否定条件",{"id":1287,"title":1288,"order":16,"type":1275},"01a09a7b-efbd-72be-8383-fdee8d65da3c","ば条件の文を組み立てる",{"id":1290,"title":1291,"order":21,"type":1292},"01a09a7b-efd1-7584-8793-3af376d8e1e8","ば形と条件を分類する","word_sort",{"id":500,"contentId":1294,"slug":502,"title":501,"level":452,"summary":1295,"order":21,"exercises":1296},"pg_9a034c01-8f0f-4712-87ce-983360007bd4","たら は、条件だけでなく、「一つの出来事が起きた後で、次のことが起きる」という時間順序をはっきり示します。 過去の経験を話すときには、行動した後で気づいたことや、予想外の状態を伝える働きもあります。",[1297,1300,1303],{"id":1298,"title":1299,"order":1245,"type":1268},"01a09a7c-17f0-719a-af3f-a384cb4f5200","完了後の行動と発見",{"id":1301,"title":1302,"order":11,"type":1268},"01a09a7c-1808-737a-b432-378e8b90f42a","「ていたら」と「と」との違い",{"id":1304,"title":1305,"order":16,"type":1275},"01a09a7c-181f-73cf-ae2a-4849e38f6a7a","「たら」で時間の流れを組み立てる",{"id":505,"contentId":1307,"slug":507,"title":506,"level":452,"summary":1308,"order":26,"exercises":1309},"pg_bfe133ab-d0b8-41b7-afe9-b634c879f412","と・ば・たら・なら は、どれも条件を表せますが、同じ意味ではありません。結果が自動的か、条件を論理的に見るか、時間順序があるか、会話の前提を受けるかが違います。",[1310,1313,1316],{"id":1311,"title":1312,"order":1245,"type":1268},"01a09a7c-1d59-7985-a706-a7307500a5aa","四つの条件の焦点",{"id":1314,"title":1315,"order":11,"type":1268},"01a09a7c-1d74-72c7-b17b-17f1ca7b21ef","時間と相手への働きかけ",{"id":1317,"title":1318,"order":16,"type":1275},"01a09a7c-1d92-728b-886e-3f926e8259ac","条件と結果を組み立てる",[1320,1326,1330,1334],{"@id":1321,"@type":1322,"id":1281,"grammarPage":1323,"title":1282,"instructions":1324,"displayOrder":1245,"type":1268,"questionCount":71,"blankCount":71,"isCompleted":1244,"ogImageUrl":1325},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a09a7b-ef90-78d0-bb03-538d3a5846a2","GrammarExercise","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a09a7b-e8cc-7a76-ac9b-d386e1493691","ことばの種類と活用の規則を確認して、正しい条件形を選んでください。","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_1456240b-8ff4-42dd-9e09-791e0b220c98_hero.webp?v=1789298208",{"@id":1327,"@type":1322,"id":1284,"grammarPage":1323,"title":1285,"instructions":1328,"displayOrder":11,"type":1268,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":66,"isCompleted":1244,"ogImageUrl":1329},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a09a7b-efa8-73eb-a0df-fb90a72ab528","条件と結果の関係や、後ろの依頼・意志との相性を考えて答えてください。","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_4a1fdf24-29ad-42f3-8544-44a5b96229d9_hero.webp?v=1789298208",{"@id":1331,"@type":1322,"id":1287,"grammarPage":1323,"title":1288,"instructions":1332,"displayOrder":16,"type":1275,"questionCount":56,"blankCount":56,"isCompleted":1244,"ogImageUrl":1333},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a09a7b-efbd-72be-8383-fdee8d65da3c","タイルを正しい順番に並べ、「ば」の条件文や、依頼で「たら」を使う文を完成させましょう。使わないタイルもあります。","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_c0767581-8375-405c-a1cd-9b4121635c60_hero.webp?v=1789298208",{"@id":1335,"@type":1322,"id":1290,"grammarPage":1323,"title":1291,"instructions":1336,"displayOrder":21,"type":1292,"questionCount":26,"blankCount":1245,"isCompleted":1244,"ogImageUrl":1337},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a09a7b-efd1-7584-8793-3af376d8e1e8","タイルをタップし、作り方や条件の種類に合う列へ入れてください。","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_3b7d5213-d2cd-45d2-82f8-53911bc1f5c7_hero.webp?v=1789298208",{"id":1281,"grammarPage":1323,"title":1282,"instructions":1324,"seoTitle":1339,"seoDescription":1340,"displayOrder":1245,"type":1268,"questions":1341,"ogImageUrl":1325},"ば形の作り方を活用ごとに確かめる","動詞、形容詞、名詞から条件の「ば」形を作る規則を、ことばの種類ごとに確認します。正しい条件形を選択肢から選んで空欄を埋める形式です。「書けば」「読めば」のような一グループの動詞を中心に、申し込みの完了や機械の使い方の理解など手順を表す文で、語尾の活用の変わり方を確実に身につけます。",[1342],{"id":1343,"sentenceTemplate":1344,"displayOrder":1245,"explanation":1345,"exampleSentence":1346,"blanks":1347},"01a09a7b-ef90-7ad0-bb03-538d3cb41ea4","名前を書くと申し込みが完了する、という条件を表します。「書く」は __1__。","一グループの「書く」は、最後の音をエ段に替えて「書けば」とします。","例：名前を書けば、申し込みが完了します。",[1348],{"id":1349,"blankNumber":11,"options":1350},"01a09a7b-ef90-7a84-bb03-538d3bd8951a",[1351,1355,1358],{"id":1352,"optionText":1353,"isCorrect":1354,"displayOrder":1245},"01a09a7b-ef90-79f4-bb03-538d3b03219a","書けば",true,{"id":1356,"optionText":1357,"isCorrect":1244,"displayOrder":11},"01a09a7b-ef90-7a34-bb03-538d3b785f04","書くれば",{"id":1359,"optionText":1360,"isCorrect":1244,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7b-ef90-7a60-bb03-538d3b8bd010","書きば",{"html":1362,"toc":1363},"\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>ば\u003C\u002Fstrong> は、ある条件（じょうけん）が成立（せいりつ）すれば、その結果（けっか）が成り立つことを示します。一般的（いっぱんてき）な関係や、判断（はんだん）のための条件を述べるときに便利です。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>ここでは、動詞（どうし）だけでなく、形容詞（けいようし）と名詞（めいし）の条件形も一つの体系（たいけい）として整理します。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>「ば」が表す条件\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>「ば」は、時間の順番よりも、前の条件と後ろの結果の論理的（ろんりてき）なつながりに注目（ちゅうもく）します。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>使い方\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例（れい）\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>関係\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>一般的な結果\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>気温（きおん）が零度（れいど）以下になれば、水（みず）は凍（こお）ります。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>条件がそろうと結果が起こる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>方法（ほうほう）\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>このボタンを押（お）せば、画面（がめん）が戻（もど）ります。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>行動が結果を生む\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>判断の条件\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>料金（りょうきん）が安（やす）ければ、参加（さんか）します。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>状態を見て決める\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>毎日（まいにち）少しずつ練習（れんしゅう）すれば、速（はや）く読（よ）めるようになります。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>練習することを、能力（のうりょく）が変化するための条件として示しています。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>動詞の「ば形」を作る\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>一グループは、辞書形（じしょけい）の最後の音をエ段（だん）に替（か）えて \u003Cstrong>ば\u003C\u002Fstrong> を付けます。二グループは最後の「る」を取り、\u003Cstrong>れば\u003C\u002Fstrong> を付けます。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>グループ\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>辞書形\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>ば形\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>一グループ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>書（か）く\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>書け\u003Cstrong>ば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>一グループ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>読む\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>読め\u003Cstrong>ば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>一グループ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>話（はな）す\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>話せ\u003Cstrong>ば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>一グループ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>買（か）う\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>買え\u003Cstrong>ば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>二グループ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>食（た）べる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>食べ\u003Cstrong>れば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>二グループ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>見（み）る\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>見\u003Cstrong>れば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>三グループ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>する\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>すれば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>三グループ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>来（く）る\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>来（く）れば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--tip\">\u003Cp>一グループは、可能形（かのうけい）の「書ける」から「る」を取り、\u003Cstrong>ば\u003C\u002Fstrong> を付けると考えることもできます。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>形容詞と名詞の条件形\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>い形容詞は最後の \u003Cstrong>い\u003C\u002Fstrong> を取り、\u003Cstrong>ければ\u003C\u002Fstrong> を付けます。な形容詞と名詞には、\u003Cstrong>ならば\u003C\u002Fstrong> または改（あらた）まった \u003Cstrong>であれば\u003C\u002Fstrong> を使います。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>種類（しゅるい）\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>もとの形\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>条件形\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>い形容詞\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>高（たか）い\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>高\u003Cstrong>ければ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>い形容詞\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>いい\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>よければ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>な形容詞\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>静（しず）かだ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>静か\u003Cstrong>ならば\u003C\u002Fstrong>／静か\u003Cstrong>であれば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>名詞\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>会員（かいいん）だ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>会員\u003Cstrong>ならば\u003C\u002Fstrong>／会員\u003Cstrong>であれば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>会話では「ば」を省いた \u003Cstrong>静かなら・会員なら\u003C\u002Fstrong> も広く使われます。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>静かだれば\u003C\u002Fstrong> や \u003Cstrong>会員だれば\u003C\u002Fstrong> とは言いません。な形容詞と名詞は、「ならば」か「であれば」の形にします。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>否定は「なければ」\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>否定（ひてい）の \u003Cstrong>ない\u003C\u002Fstrong> を \u003Cstrong>なければ\u003C\u002Fstrong> に替えると、否定条件になります。な形容詞と名詞は \u003Cstrong>でなければ\u003C\u002Fstrong> を使います。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>行（い）かない → 行か\u003Cstrong>なければ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>食べない → 食べ\u003Cstrong>なければ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>高くない → 高く\u003Cstrong>なければ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>静かではない → 静か\u003Cstrong>でなければ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>会員ではない → 会員\u003Cstrong>でなければ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>内容（ないよう）が分からなければ、受付（うけつけ）で聞（き）いてください。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>「分からない」という状態の場合の助言（じょげん）です。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>意志（いし）や依頼（いらい）との組み合わせ\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>「ば」の後ろに意志や依頼を置けるかは、前の条件の性質（せいしつ）に関係します。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>前の条件\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>後ろの表現\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>自然な例\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>状態・性質\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>意志\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>天気（てんき）がよければ、出（で）かけます。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>状態の否定\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>依頼\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>必要（ひつよう）がなければ、返（かえ）してください。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>一回の意図的（いとてき）な行動\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>依頼\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>駅（えき）に着（つ）いたら、電話してください。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>前の部分が、一回だけ行う意図的な動作の場合、「ば＋依頼・命令（めいれい）・意志」は不自然になりやすいです。\u003Cstrong>駅に着けば電話してください\u003C\u002Fstrong> より、時間順序を示す \u003Cstrong>駅に着いたら電話してください\u003C\u002Fstrong> が自然です。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-6\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>形と意味を確認する\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>動詞なら、グループに合う「ば形」を作ります。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>い形容詞なら「ければ」、名詞・な形容詞なら「ならば／であれば」を使います。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>否定なら「なければ／でなければ」を選（えら）びます。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>一般的な関係や論理条件を表したいか確認します。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>後ろが依頼や意志なら、前が状態か意図的な行動かも見ます。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>伝えたいこと\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>基本の形\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>動作が条件\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>動詞のば形\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>性質が条件\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>い形容詞＋ければ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>身分や状態が条件\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>名詞・な形容詞＋ならば\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>条件が成立しない場合\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>なければ／でなければ\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n",[1364,1368,1372,1376,1380,1384],{"id":1365,"text":1366,"depth":16,"number":1367},"section","「ば」が表す条件","1",{"id":1369,"text":1370,"depth":16,"number":1371},"section-2","動詞の「ば形」を作る","2",{"id":1373,"text":1374,"depth":16,"number":1375},"section-3","形容詞と名詞の条件形","3",{"id":1377,"text":1378,"depth":16,"number":1379},"section-4","否定は「なければ」","4",{"id":1381,"text":1382,"depth":16,"number":1383},"section-5","意志（いし）や依頼（いらい）との組み合わせ","5",{"id":1385,"text":1386,"depth":16,"number":1387},"section-6","形と意味を確認する","6"]