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|\n| 見（み）る | 拝見（はいけん）する | 相手の物を見る |\n| 聞（き）く・尋（たず）ねる | 伺う | 相手から聞く、質問（しつもん）する |\n| 食（た）べる・飲（の）む・もらう | いただく | 相手から受ける |\n| 知（し）る・思（おも）う | 存じる・存じ上げる | 事柄を知る、人物を知る |\n| する | いたす | 自分側の行為を丁重に述べる |\n| あげる | 差（さ）し上げる | 相手に物を渡す |\n| 会（あ）う | お目（め）にかかる | 敬意を向ける人に会う |\n\n## 行為の向きを確認する\n\n:::example\n- 明日（あした）、先生（せんせい）の研究室（けんきゅうしつ）へ**伺います**。\n- お名前（なまえ）は以前（いぜん）から**存（ぞん）じております**。\n- 先日（せんじつ）、部長（ぶちょう）に**お目にかかりました**。\n- 送（おく）っていただいた資料（しりょう）を**拝見しました**。\n:::\n\n行為者（こういしゃ）は自分または自分側です。相手の動作を謙譲語にしてはいけません。\n\n事柄や名前を知っているときは**存じております**、人物そのものを知っているときは**存じ上げております**を使います。\n\n:::warning\n先生の動作について**先生が参りました**と言うと、先生を低める形になります。先生の動作なら**先生がいらっしゃいました**などの尊敬語（そんけいご）を使（つか）います。\n:::\n\n## 複数の形を使い分ける\n\n同じ普通動詞でも、行為の向きや丁重さで形が変わります。\n\n| 形 | 焦点（しょうてん） | 例 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 伺う | 敬意を向ける相手先へ行く | 午後（ごご）、御社（おんしゃ）へ伺います。 |\n| 参る | 自分の移動を丁重に述べる | 私（わたし）が会場（かいじょう）へ参ります。 |\n| 申す | 自分の発言や名前を丁重に述べる | 山田（やまだ）と申します。 |\n| 申し上げる | 相手に内容（ないよう）を述べる | 心（こころ）からお礼（れい）を申し上げます。 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