[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-topic-hubs-ja":3,"grammar-pages-ja":4,"grammar-page-ja-kiwamarinai-kiwamaru-to-kyokutan-na-hyouka":1237,"grammar-lesson-path-ja-kiwamarinai-kiwamaru-to-kyokutan-na-hyouka-none":1445,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a09a7b-ea80-7f49-a05f-ee4b16fd6ff0":1446,"grammar-quick-check-01a09a7b-ea80-7f49-a05f-ee4b16fd6ff0":1469,"grammar-lesson-body-01a09a7b-ea80-7f49-a05f-ee4b16fd6ff0-2pwsp9l2d":1490},[],[5,12,17,22,27,32,37,42,47,52,57,62,67,72,77,82,87,92,97,102,107,112,117,122,127,132,137,142,147,152,157,162,167,172,177,182,187,192,197,202,207,213,218,223,228,233,238,243,248,253,258,263,268,273,278,283,288,293,298,303,308,313,318,323,328,333,338,343,348,353,358,363,368,373,378,383,388,393,398,403,408,413,418,423,428,433,438,443,448,454,459,464,469,474,479,484,489,494,499,504,509,514,519,524,529,534,539,544,549,554,559,564,569,574,579,584,589,594,599,604,609,614,619,624,629,634,639,644,649,654,659,664,669,674,679,685,690,695,700,705,710,715,720,725,730,735,740,745,750,755,760,765,770,775,780,785,790,795,800,805,810,815,820,825,830,835,840,845,850,855,860,865,870,875,880,885,890,895,901,906,911,916,921,926,931,936,941,946,951,956,961,966,971,976,981,986,991,996,1001,1006,1011,1016,1021,1026,1031,1036,1041,1046,1051,1056,1061,1066,1071,1076,1081,1086,1092,1097,1102,1107,1112,1117,1122,1127,1132,1137,1142,1147,1152,1157,1162,1167,1172,1177,1182,1187,1192,1197,1202,1207,1212,1217,1222,1227,1232],{"id":6,"title":7,"slug":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11},"01a09a7b-ebea-73a5-98cd-d764c2d68b4d","日本語の音・拍・アクセントの基本","nihongo-no-oto-haku-akusento-no-kihon","ja","A1",1,{"id":13,"title":14,"slug":15,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7b-e987-765a-9729-e71c53ba7597","ひらがなの母音","hiragana-no-boin",2,{"id":18,"title":19,"slug":20,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":21},"01a09a7b-e991-7b5f-acd3-0466a298ab4c","ひらがなのか行からな行","hiragana-no-kagyou-kara-nagyou",3,{"id":23,"title":24,"slug":25,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":26},"01a09a7b-e98c-7b70-82b0-80407268f966","ひらがなのは行からわ行","hiragana-no-hagyou-kara-wagyou",4,{"id":28,"title":29,"slug":30,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":31},"01a09a7b-e909-7a6e-8084-047104d5d612","濁音と半濁音","dakuon-to-handakuon",5,{"id":33,"title":34,"slug":35,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":36},"01a09a7b-ee18-7865-9b81-baae9dac7c26","拗音と小さいゃ・ゅ・ょ","youon-to-chiisai-ya-yu-yo",6,{"id":38,"title":39,"slug":40,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":41},"01a09a7b-e903-7711-8610-bf500d18a20a","長音の聞き分け","chouon-no-kikiwake",7,{"id":43,"title":44,"slug":45,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":46},"01a09a7b-ec8c-7275-9caa-a484bc6a8ff6","促音と小さいっ","sokuon-to-chiisai-tsu",8,{"id":48,"title":49,"slug":50,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":51},"01a09a7b-ea59-7995-b472-1cbe3471eb45","カタカナの基本","katakana-no-kihon",9,{"id":53,"title":54,"slug":55,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":56},"01a09a7b-ea54-7a52-aab8-8663008e24b9","カタカナの長音と外来語","katakana-no-chouon-to-gairaigo",10,{"id":58,"title":59,"slug":60,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":61},"01a09a7b-e8f6-7676-866c-f3dfece512bd","文末のです","bunmatsu-no-desu",11,{"id":63,"title":64,"slug":65,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":66},"01a09a7b-eae8-7642-a74c-0313c8c3db27","名詞文の肯定","meishibun-no-koutei",12,{"id":68,"title":69,"slug":70,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":71},"01a09a7b-eadc-7029-872b-75ea7dba9410","名詞文の否定","meishibun-no-hitei",13,{"id":73,"title":74,"slug":75,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":76},"01a09a7b-ea01-7c0d-90e4-399fab272801","助詞はと主題","joshi-wa-to-shudai",14,{"id":78,"title":79,"slug":80,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":81},"01a09a7b-e9e1-7f8b-a6f7-06823f15f2af","助詞もと追加","joshi-mo-to-tsuika",15,{"id":83,"title":84,"slug":85,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":86},"01a09a7b-e9f2-7506-a15d-594761ea401d","助詞のと所属","joshi-no-to-shozoku",16,{"id":88,"title":89,"slug":90,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":91},"01a09a7b-ea91-73ee-b8cf-1046a2d3e07e","これ・それ・あれ","kore-sore-are",17,{"id":93,"title":94,"slug":95,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":96},"01a09a7b-ea8b-7b17-8b9a-cf19a627027c","この・その・あの","kono-sono-ano",18,{"id":98,"title":99,"slug":100,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":101},"01a09a7b-ea86-72fb-bb60-61f46ea4159e","ここ・そこ・あそこ","koko-soko-asoko",19,{"id":103,"title":104,"slug":105,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":106},"01a09a7b-e963-7704-afee-5de15cf7d8f3","疑問の助詞か","gimon-no-joshi-ka",20,{"id":108,"title":109,"slug":110,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":111},"01a09a7b-eb63-78cd-8abe-322ea60b3582","何・誰・どこ・いつ","nani-dare-doko-itsu",21,{"id":113,"title":114,"slug":115,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":116},"01a09a7b-ecaf-72ee-9ded-07750d394841","数字とゼロから百","suuji-to-zero-kara-hyaku",22,{"id":118,"title":119,"slug":120,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":121},"01a09a7b-e9d6-76b8-bffa-4c599f56f8db","時刻と時・分の数え方","jikoku-to-ji-fun-no-kazoekata",23,{"id":123,"title":124,"slug":125,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":126},"01a09a7b-ee13-7634-9348-e18379e2c7e8","曜日と日付","youbi-to-hizuke",24,{"id":128,"title":129,"slug":130,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":131},"01a09a7b-ea7c-76a4-81c0-26b25f78961f","基本の助数詞つ","kihon-no-josuushi-tsu",25,{"id":133,"title":134,"slug":135,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":136},"01a09a7b-ebf6-7d14-9f0c-2a21d648280b","人数と年齢の数え方","ninzuu-to-nenrei-no-kazoekata",26,{"id":138,"title":139,"slug":140,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":141},"01a09a7b-e9f7-76e1-97cd-3891b420435d","助詞をと目的語","joshi-o-to-mokutekigo",27,{"id":143,"title":144,"slug":145,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":146},"01a09a7b-e9ed-7144-8d8f-0b2c2d00558d","助詞にと時点","joshi-ni-to-jiten",28,{"id":148,"title":149,"slug":150,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":151},"01a09a7b-e9e8-7030-9b17-00dceeb8c294","助詞に・へと移動先","joshi-ni-e-to-idousaki",29,{"id":153,"title":154,"slug":155,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":156},"01a09a7b-e9dc-7290-a34f-7e769f8f62ec","助詞でと動作の場所","joshi-de-to-dousa-no-basho",30,{"id":158,"title":159,"slug":160,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":161},"01a09a7b-e9fc-7aa5-9b1e-abc349b0f433","助詞とと名詞の並列","joshi-to-to-meishi-no-heiretsu",31,{"id":163,"title":164,"slug":165,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":166},"01a09a7b-e934-7087-8442-5333d37b486b","動詞の辞書形とます形","doushi-no-jisho-kei-to-masu-kei",32,{"id":168,"title":169,"slug":170,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":171},"01a09a7b-e939-7bad-bea2-712401a3bd17","動詞の三つのグループ","doushi-no-mittsu-no-guruupu",33,{"id":173,"title":174,"slug":175,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":176},"01a09a7b-eaca-739a-9419-98668221bdc9","ますとません","masu-to-masen",34,{"id":178,"title":179,"slug":180,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":181},"01a09a7b-e8c6-7f04-ac80-f339a869d5aa","ありますといます","arimasu-to-imasu",35,{"id":183,"title":184,"slug":185,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":186},"01a09a7b-e9ad-7214-bbe7-8f1526eb4510","い形容詞の基本","i-keiyoushi-no-kihon",36,{"id":188,"title":189,"slug":190,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":191},"01a09a7b-eb24-7301-bd93-d1ab87af7674","な形容詞の基本","na-keiyoushi-no-kihon",37,{"id":193,"title":194,"slug":195,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":196},"01a09a7b-ea69-75e7-bdd8-0ce5c0368fac","形容詞の否定","keiyoushi-no-hitei",38,{"id":198,"title":199,"slug":200,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":201},"01a09a7b-eac4-772d-aa09-2ad58baba238","ましょうとましょうか","mashou-to-mashou-ka",39,{"id":203,"title":204,"slug":205,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":206},"01a09a7b-ed10-7ab0-ac37-8cd08e3b86ca","テ形の作り方","te-kei-no-tsukurikata",40,{"id":208,"title":209,"slug":210,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":212},"01a09a7b-eabe-77aa-bd23-367751a447ff","ましたとませんでした","mashita-to-masen-deshita","A2",41,{"id":214,"title":215,"slug":216,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":217},"01a09a7b-eae1-7a88-ade7-432a4ba47ead","名詞文の過去","meishibun-no-kako",42,{"id":219,"title":220,"slug":221,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":222},"01a09a7b-ea6e-700f-89b0-4ccd29720575","形容詞の過去","keiyoushi-no-kako",43,{"id":224,"title":225,"slug":226,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":227},"01a09a7b-ed0c-7207-a7ed-5880623d34b2","テ形で動作をつなぐ","te-kei-de-dousa-o-tsunagu",44,{"id":229,"title":230,"slug":231,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":232},"01a09a7b-ed15-7670-b8eb-752a4a35889f","テくださいと依頼","te-kudasai-to-irai",45,{"id":234,"title":235,"slug":236,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":237},"01a09a7b-ed29-7593-87a2-f44cf27bc61e","テもいいと許可","te-mo-ii-to-kyoka",46,{"id":239,"title":240,"slug":241,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":242},"01a09a7b-ed44-72b9-af55-6675a10aacaf","テはいけませんと禁止","te-wa-ikemasen-to-kinshi",47,{"id":244,"title":245,"slug":246,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":247},"01a09a7b-ed01-7440-ad70-351dd1eca10e","テいると進行中の動作","te-iru-to-shinkouchuu-no-dousa",48,{"id":249,"title":250,"slug":251,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":252},"01a09a7b-ecfc-711d-9b3b-24fdd92671a0","テいると結果の状態","te-iru-to-kekka-no-joutai",49,{"id":254,"title":255,"slug":256,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":257},"01a09a7b-ec4f-706e-8884-c9660baa86de","連用形に行く・来る・帰る","renyou-kei-ni-iku-kuru-kaeru",50,{"id":259,"title":260,"slug":261,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":262},"01a09a7b-ea4f-7b78-a355-e5998c4c65e2","からとまでの範囲","kara-to-made-no-hani",51,{"id":264,"title":265,"slug":266,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":267},"01a09a7b-ea41-71be-a60f-1827524a7e1d","「から」で理由を言う","kara-de-riyuu-o-iu",52,{"id":269,"title":270,"slug":271,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":272},"01a09a7b-ec0a-77c1-b318-efe76e36929c","「ので」で穏やかに理由を言う","node-de-odayaka-ni-riyuu-o-iu",53,{"id":274,"title":275,"slug":276,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":277},"01a09a7b-e957-76b5-a34c-bd627ebab9b4","「が」で対比を示す","ga-de-taihi-o-shimesu",54,{"id":279,"title":280,"slug":281,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":282},"01a09a7b-ea5f-78ec-bd88-89f447cd6fa9","けどとけれども","kedo-to-keredomo",55,{"id":284,"title":285,"slug":286,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":287},"01a09a7b-edf9-70d2-8acc-2dee635a1218","やとなどの不完全な列挙","ya-to-nado-no-fukanzen-na-rekkyo",56,{"id":289,"title":290,"slug":291,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":292},"01a09a7b-ed67-73e1-90d7-09bc68e3c95d","と言いますと基本の引用","to-iimasu-to-kihon-no-inyou",57,{"id":294,"title":295,"slug":296,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":297},"01a09a7b-ead6-739d-a278-e3751007d095","名詞を修飾する短い文","meishi-o-shuushoku-suru-mijikai-bun",58,{"id":299,"title":300,"slug":301,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":302},"01a09a7b-ebfc-7f72-a326-82bab1293cfe","「の」で動作を名詞にする","no-de-dousa-o-meishi-ni-suru",59,{"id":304,"title":305,"slug":306,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":307},"01a09a7b-ecba-7167-9f20-388a9e078a28","タ形の作り方と普通形の四つの形","ta-kei-no-tsukurikata-to-futsuu-kei-no-yottsu-no-katachi",60,{"id":309,"title":310,"slug":311,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":312},"01a09a7b-e951-78ea-b726-bb735b5aaf18","普通体と丁寧体の入り口","futsuutai-to-teineitai-no-iriguchi",61,{"id":314,"title":315,"slug":316,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":317},"01a09a7b-eb3d-7de4-b20a-f18cfca78117","ナイ形の作り方","nai-kei-no-tsukurikata",62,{"id":319,"title":320,"slug":321,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":322},"01a09a7b-eb5e-7494-8b42-5298dde5a6fe","なくてと否定の接続","nakute-to-hitei-no-setsuzoku",63,{"id":324,"title":325,"slug":326,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":327},"01a09a7b-eb4a-7143-9f00-1230a2c50d11","ないでと付帯状況","naide-to-futai-joukyou",64,{"id":329,"title":330,"slug":331,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":332},"01a09a7b-eb4f-72aa-805b-dbb6848b1104","なければなりませんと義務","nakereba-narimasen-to-gimu",65,{"id":334,"title":335,"slug":336,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":337},"01a09a7b-eb59-714a-9aa1-33b7dc6663c6","なくてもいいと不要","nakute-mo-ii-to-fuyou",66,{"id":339,"title":340,"slug":341,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":342},"01a09a7b-ecc6-76a1-9d60-3b87a7829013","タイ形と希望","tai-kei-to-kibou",67,{"id":344,"title":345,"slug":346,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":347},"01a09a7b-e99c-7123-85dd-903aa787bede","ほしいと望ましいもの","hoshii-to-nozomashii-mono",68,{"id":349,"title":350,"slug":351,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":352},"01a09a7b-edab-7a30-84b2-63f5591ee4a7","つもりと予定","tsumori-to-yotei",69,{"id":354,"title":355,"slug":356,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":357},"01a09a7b-eaa1-7ee3-91d6-739dcb2b0c64","「ことができる」で能力を表す","koto-ga-dekiru-to-nouryoku",70,{"id":359,"title":360,"slug":361,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":362},"01a09a7b-ea36-756e-be9b-0014eab4f6c5","可能形の基本","kanou-kei-no-kihon",71,{"id":364,"title":365,"slug":366,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":367},"01a09a7b-eab2-7d3f-896a-7bb942e5d347","前にと後で","mae-ni-to-ato-de",72,{"id":369,"title":370,"slug":371,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":372},"01a09a7b-ed96-7268-b617-aa3a42f4efcd","「時」で場面を表す","toki-de-bamen-o-arawasu",73,{"id":374,"title":375,"slug":376,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":377},"01a09a7b-e8ba-7627-855c-a350c4c112a6","間と間に","aida-to-aida-ni",74,{"id":379,"title":380,"slug":381,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":382},"01a09a7b-eb0c-7640-a391-181c3800ae99","もうとまだ","mou-to-mada",75,{"id":384,"title":385,"slug":386,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":387},"01a09a7b-ee03-7d09-9395-2580c5767119","「より」と「ほうが」で比べる","yori-to-hou-ga-de-kuraberu",76,{"id":389,"title":390,"slug":391,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":392},"01a09a7b-e9b2-7add-a2c7-acbd3a9bc809","一番と最上級","ichiban-to-saijoukyuu",77,{"id":394,"title":395,"slug":396,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":397},"01a09a7b-e996-7d55-8d01-f44628d977a7","本・枚・個の数え方","hon-mai-ko-no-kazoekata",78,{"id":399,"title":400,"slug":401,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":402},"01a09a7b-e981-7f82-bf9c-8fddbe959307","匹・台・階の数え方","hiki-dai-kai-no-kazoekata",79,{"id":404,"title":405,"slug":406,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":407},"01a09a7b-ea1e-76c1-b1e9-de5a03228901","回数・頻度・程度","kaisuu-hindo-teido",80,{"id":409,"title":410,"slug":411,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":412},"01a09a7b-e9cf-764e-afb5-a941806211ff","自動詞と他動詞の入り口","jidoushi-to-tadoushi-no-iriguchi",81,{"id":414,"title":415,"slug":416,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":417},"01a09a7b-e8c0-7b3b-9c6d-2313b4d4d5b4","開く・開ける型の対応","aku-akeru-gata-no-taiou",82,{"id":419,"title":420,"slug":421,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":422},"01a09a7b-e8b4-72f3-9634-fb72b32d2b63","あげるとくれる","ageru-to-kureru",83,{"id":424,"title":425,"slug":426,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":427},"01a09a7b-eb06-7660-a2e6-8852122cf769","もらうと受け取り","morau-to-uketori",84,{"id":429,"title":430,"slug":431,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":432},"01a09a7b-ea0c-7c86-ac3a-9c4664c2e135","授受表現の視点","juju-hyougen-no-shiten",85,{"id":434,"title":435,"slug":436,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":437},"01a09a7b-ecd9-7291-95ff-d804057fc3fa","たらと基本の条件","tara-to-kihon-no-jouken",86,{"id":439,"title":440,"slug":441,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":442},"01a09a7b-ed83-78f5-b085-1215aba18787","とと自然な結果","to-to-shizen-na-kekka",87,{"id":444,"title":445,"slug":446,"language":9,"level":211,"displayOrder":447},"01a09a7b-eb79-7a0f-8833-1ac49de5eebf","「なる」で変化を表す","naru-de-henka-o-arawasu",88,{"id":449,"title":450,"slug":451,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":453},"01a09a7b-e944-7c0d-81b1-81ec4e3faf6a","普通形の体系を整理する","futsuu-kei-no-taikei-o-seiri-suru","B1",89,{"id":455,"title":456,"slug":457,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":458},"01a09a7b-e94b-707a-9c58-09b0bcecb4cf","普通体の会話と縮約","futsuutai-no-kaiwa-to-shukuyaku",90,{"id":460,"title":461,"slug":462,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":463},"01a09a7b-edda-78df-ba6c-c67c1e303219","はとがの情報構造","wa-to-ga-no-jouhou-kouzou",91,{"id":465,"title":466,"slug":467,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":468},"01a09a7b-eca9-722a-90cf-9dabbf7f7f0c","好き・分かる・可能と助詞が","suki-wakaru-kanou-to-joshi-ga",92,{"id":470,"title":471,"slug":472,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":473},"01a09a7b-ebcf-7069-b3f3-2a2d13ef515b","にとでの場所表現","ni-to-de-no-basho-hyougen",93,{"id":475,"title":476,"slug":477,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":478},"01a09a7b-eb83-7649-8a3b-b6496812a0e7","に・へ・までの方向と到達点","ni-e-made-no-houkou-to-toutatsuten",94,{"id":480,"title":481,"slug":482,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":483},"01a09a7b-ea45-7d8b-be7a-d9cce0f4f378","から・ので・ための理由の差","kara-node-tame-no-riyuu-no-sa",95,{"id":485,"title":486,"slug":487,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":488},"01a09a7b-eccc-75ae-84c0-6f92737df043","ためにとようにの目的","tame-ni-to-you-ni-no-mokuteki",96,{"id":490,"title":491,"slug":492,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":493},"01a09a7b-eb6e-72fa-9fd7-371b047dd76f","ならと前提に基づく判断","nara-to-zentei-ni-motozuku-handan",97,{"id":495,"title":496,"slug":497,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":498},"01a09a7b-e8cc-7a76-ac9b-d386e1493691","ば形の作り方と一般条件","ba-kei-no-tsukurikata-to-ippan-jouken",98,{"id":500,"title":501,"slug":502,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":503},"01a09a7b-ecd2-7b16-877f-171fe02a0e1e","たらの時間順序と発見","tara-no-jikan-junjo-to-hakken",99,{"id":505,"title":506,"slug":507,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":508},"01a09a7b-ed5b-7ca2-8978-8d12ec37443f","と・ば・たら・ならの使い分け","to-ba-tara-nara-no-tsukaiwake",100,{"id":510,"title":511,"slug":512,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":513},"01a09a7b-ed2e-7c27-b7a7-7b667429b935","てもととしてもの譲歩","te-mo-to-toshite-mo-no-jouho",101,{"id":515,"title":516,"slug":517,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":518},"01a09a7b-e9c9-798d-bd35-5f497bd0b021","自動詞・他動詞の対を整理する","jidoushi-tadoushi-no-tsui-o-seiri-suru",102,{"id":520,"title":521,"slug":522,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":523},"01a09a7b-ece4-7aee-b80f-5f276163cdfe","テあると意図的な準備","te-aru-to-itoteki-na-junbi",103,{"id":525,"title":526,"slug":527,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":528},"01a09a7b-ed06-7eee-8091-3067d0f6a538","テいるとテあるの視点","te-iru-to-te-aru-no-shiten",104,{"id":530,"title":531,"slug":532,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":533},"01a09a7b-ed39-71ef-8bf3-f5c5076d8cef","テおくと事前の準備","te-oku-to-jizen-no-junbi",105,{"id":535,"title":536,"slug":537,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":538},"01a09a7b-ed3e-7138-9f04-6079bf188c7e","テしまうと完了・後悔","te-shimau-to-kanryou-koukai",106,{"id":540,"title":541,"slug":542,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":543},"01a09a7b-ed24-72d0-97f0-acb10051a8a7","テみると試行","te-miru-to-shikou",107,{"id":545,"title":546,"slug":547,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":548},"01a09a7b-ed1e-7bc8-bf85-23e46346156d","テくると話し手への変化","te-kuru-to-hanashite-e-no-henka",108,{"id":550,"title":551,"slug":552,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":553},"01a09a7b-eceb-7942-8ee6-c64b061d4023","テいくと未来への変化","te-iku-to-mirai-e-no-henka",109,{"id":555,"title":556,"slug":557,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":558},"01a09a7b-e96f-7a34-8492-0817ee2c368a","始める・終わる・続ける","hajimeru-owaru-tsuzukeru",110,{"id":560,"title":561,"slug":562,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":563},"01a09a7b-ed9b-7871-9a4d-5ce392c46491","ところだと動作の段階","tokoro-da-to-dousa-no-dankai",111,{"id":565,"title":566,"slug":567,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":568},"01a09a7b-ecb4-74d8-96df-1e3e5bc183d4","たばかりと直後","ta-bakari-to-chokugo",112,{"id":570,"title":571,"slug":572,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":573},"01a09a7b-edce-71ea-8120-96d54a46f86e","受身形の作り方","ukemi-kei-no-tsukurikata",113,{"id":575,"title":576,"slug":577,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":578},"01a09a7b-e8fc-75ea-8b0a-674c6f5c9cbf","直接受身と動作主","chokusetsu-ukemi-to-dousashu",114,{"id":580,"title":581,"slug":582,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":583},"01a09a7b-ea3c-720b-9b42-bed0a4bfa157","間接受身と迷惑の気持ち","kansetsu-ukemi-to-meiwaku-no-kimochi",115,{"id":585,"title":586,"slug":587,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":588},"01a09a7b-ec6f-7e1e-93fa-0efbc9770ca5","使役形の作り方","shieki-kei-no-tsukurikata",116,{"id":590,"title":591,"slug":592,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":593},"01a09a7b-ec75-7b8a-b441-6e3e274b618e","使役の許可と強制","shieki-no-kyoka-to-kyousei",117,{"id":595,"title":596,"slug":597,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":598},"01a09a7b-ecde-793f-82f2-e0c73c0a3589","テあげると行為の授与","te-ageru-to-koui-no-juyo",118,{"id":600,"title":601,"slug":602,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":603},"01a09a7b-ed1a-71b8-b765-9f14c7b19bd9","テくれると恩恵","te-kureru-to-onkei",119,{"id":605,"title":606,"slug":607,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":608},"01a09a7b-ed34-74e2-82b9-92f46c337273","テもらうと依頼の視点","te-morau-to-irai-no-shiten",120,{"id":610,"title":611,"slug":612,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":613},"01a09a7b-ec44-72cd-82fd-0f04b2a129a5","連体修飾節と時制","rentaishuushokusetsu-to-jisei",121,{"id":615,"title":616,"slug":617,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":618},"01a09a7b-ec49-7b57-8f53-b92afcdb6165","連体修飾節と助詞の空所","rentaishuushokusetsu-to-joshi-no-kuusho",122,{"id":620,"title":621,"slug":622,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":623},"01a09a7b-ec03-72dc-92a8-c1ea34094bee","のとことの名詞化","no-to-koto-no-meishika",123,{"id":625,"title":626,"slug":627,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":628},"01a09a7b-ed7d-76df-a1bf-9a7da2efe72f","と思う・と言うと引用節","to-omou-to-iu-to-inyousetsu",124,{"id":630,"title":631,"slug":632,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":633},"01a09a7b-edbc-71d5-9a8b-dafc6d81bad2","ってと会話の引用・主題","tte-to-kaiwa-no-inyou-shudai",125,{"id":635,"title":636,"slug":637,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":638},"01a09a7b-ec9e-7841-928e-c4dedb67d77f","そうだと外見の判断","sou-da-to-gaiken-no-handan",126,{"id":640,"title":641,"slug":642,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":643},"01a09a7b-ec98-7559-ade6-b1f9b346d909","そうだと伝聞","sou-da-to-denbun",127,{"id":645,"title":646,"slug":647,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":648},"01a09a7b-ee09-7145-92ff-105d579dfd87","ようだ・みたいだと比況","you-da-mitai-da-to-hikyou",128,{"id":650,"title":651,"slug":652,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":653},"01a09a7b-ec3e-7e95-b153-ea4811609bbe","らしいと根拠のある推定","rashii-to-konkyo-no-aru-suitei",129,{"id":655,"title":656,"slug":657,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":658},"01a09a7b-e975-7d53-a271-2e62ec1e1adb","はずだと当然の予測","hazu-da-to-touzen-no-yosoku",130,{"id":660,"title":661,"slug":662,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":663},"01a09a7b-ea24-76f7-ab7e-e95db61b4398","かもしれないとだろう","kamo-shirenai-to-darou",131,{"id":665,"title":666,"slug":667,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":668},"01a09a7b-ead0-74f9-b8b2-9c7b9fb11ca3","命令形と禁止形","meirei-kei-to-kinshi-kei",132,{"id":670,"title":671,"slug":672,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":673},"01a09a7b-e9c3-7c68-bb83-42418169e48b","意向形の作り方","ikou-kei-no-tsukurikata",133,{"id":675,"title":676,"slug":677,"language":9,"level":452,"displayOrder":678},"01a09a7b-ee0e-73e0-9362-d20863bd622f","ようと思う・つもりの意志","you-to-omou-tsumori-no-ishi",134,{"id":680,"title":681,"slug":682,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":684},"01a09a7b-ea64-78fd-b58f-06e462674b15","敬語の全体像とお・ご","keigo-no-zentaizou-to-o-go","B2",135,{"id":686,"title":687,"slug":688,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":689},"01a09a7b-ed4a-745d-b38d-f30342e46428","丁寧語と美化語","teineigo-to-bikago",136,{"id":691,"title":692,"slug":693,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":694},"01a09a7b-ec91-78bf-84ec-c53454da411d","尊敬語の特別な動詞","sonkeigo-no-tokubetsu-na-doushi",137,{"id":696,"title":697,"slug":698,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":699},"01a09a7b-ec16-7458-894c-afeafec3081f","お・ごになると尊敬語","o-go-ni-naru-to-sonkeigo",138,{"id":701,"title":702,"slug":703,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":704},"01a09a7b-ea72-7972-8fe7-2f13c5a21013","謙譲語の特別な動詞","kenjougo-no-tokubetsu-na-doushi",139,{"id":706,"title":707,"slug":708,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":709},"01a09a7b-ec1c-7a3b-8835-263b1c6244eb","お・ごすると謙譲語","o-go-suru-to-kenjougo",140,{"id":711,"title":712,"slug":713,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":714},"01a09a7b-ea12-7703-a689-2fa4c86e4f4d","授受表現と敬語の視点","juju-hyougen-to-keigo-no-shiten",141,{"id":716,"title":717,"slug":718,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":719},"01a09a7b-eaac-7b09-9fda-0bea399f5187","くださる・いただくと丁寧な依頼","kudasaru-itadaku-to-teinei-na-irai",142,{"id":721,"title":722,"slug":723,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":724},"01a09a7b-edd4-7497-a55a-e19f8effa221","受身形と尊敬表現の区別","ukemi-kei-to-sonkei-hyougen-no-kubetsu",143,{"id":726,"title":727,"slug":728,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":729},"01a09a7b-ec7b-7263-8104-8021da51ac46","使役受身形の作り方","shieki-ukemi-kei-no-tsukurikata",144,{"id":731,"title":732,"slug":733,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":734},"01a09a7b-ec59-7a65-a77d-1978e216a43d","させていただくと許可の配慮","sasete-itadaku-to-kyoka-no-hairyo",145,{"id":736,"title":737,"slug":738,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":739},"01a09a7b-ebe3-7b80-b6a0-ce33ce607b6b","によってと無生物主語の受身","ni-yotte-to-museibutsu-shugo-no-ukemi",146,{"id":741,"title":742,"slug":743,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":744},"01a09a7b-e91b-7be1-af5e-1016281af938","出来事を表す自動詞的な文","dekigoto-o-arawasu-jidoushi-teki-na-bun",147,{"id":746,"title":747,"slug":748,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":749},"01a09a7b-ecf6-78d2-92a9-8c7c1f91cfa4","テいるの習慣・反復・状態","te-iru-no-shuukan-hanpuku-joutai",148,{"id":751,"title":752,"slug":753,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":754},"01a09a7b-edb1-7bf4-bc84-44dba7c37990","つつあると進行する変化","tsutsu-aru-to-shinkou-suru-henka",149,{"id":756,"title":757,"slug":758,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":759},"01a09a7b-e8d8-7407-9fc8-4e34b8f9c50d","ばかりだ・一方だと変化の方向","bakari-da-ippou-da-to-henka-no-houkou",150,{"id":761,"title":762,"slug":763,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":764},"01a09a7b-eda0-7d2f-89d9-693098097232","ところだったと実現しなかった直前","tokoro-datta-to-jitsugen-shinakatta-chokuzen",151,{"id":766,"title":767,"slug":768,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":769},"01a09a7b-ea06-7bf1-891a-38d3a6df39ad","条件表現と意志文の制約","jouken-hyougen-to-ishibun-no-seiyaku",152,{"id":771,"title":772,"slug":773,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":774},"01a09a7b-e8d2-783f-947e-4a2baaf42126","ばよかったと後悔","ba-yokatta-to-koukai",153,{"id":776,"title":777,"slug":778,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":779},"01a09a7b-eb69-7096-ae6e-b3931a89c515","ならとたらで助言する","nara-to-tara-de-jogen-suru",154,{"id":781,"title":782,"slug":783,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":784},"01a09a7b-eafa-7dfd-ac7f-c9add6c797e7","ものならと実現しにくい仮定","mono-nara-to-jitsugen-shinikui-katei",155,{"id":786,"title":787,"slug":788,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":789},"01a09a7b-ede0-7c87-82d2-f34d4b6a764a","わけだと進んだ理解","wake-da-to-susunda-rikai",156,{"id":791,"title":792,"slug":793,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":794},"01a09a7b-ede6-7d56-bf9e-c2f562cd039e","わけがないと強い否定","wake-ga-nai-to-tsuyoi-hitei",157,{"id":796,"title":797,"slug":798,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":799},"01a09a7b-eded-710d-b2ad-86bc287ecdf7","わけにはいかないと社会的制約","wake-ni-wa-ikanai-to-shakaiteki-seiyaku",158,{"id":801,"title":802,"slug":803,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":804},"01a09a7b-e8e3-7f1b-b068-4eee257e3c4b","べきだと判断・義務","beki-da-to-handan-gimu",159,{"id":806,"title":807,"slug":808,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":809},"01a09a7b-eb7e-7842-8927-e4295eb5e964","に違いないと強い確信","ni-chigainai-to-tsuyoi-kakushin",160,{"id":811,"title":812,"slug":813,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":814},"01a09a7b-e97c-70a5-ae38-a524f65b64d2","はず・ようだ・らしいの根拠","hazu-you-da-rashii-no-konkyo",161,{"id":816,"title":817,"slug":818,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":819},"01a09a7b-eaa7-733d-8259-a26f26a8f873","ことにするとことになる","koto-ni-suru-to-koto-ni-naru",162,{"id":821,"title":822,"slug":823,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":824},"01a09a7b-ea9c-73cb-a0dc-f9422fedf1a6","ことだと忠告","koto-da-to-chuukoku",163,{"id":826,"title":827,"slug":828,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":829},"01a09a7b-eaf4-7441-b1c6-197ca5df1769","ものだと常識・回想","mono-da-to-joushiki-kaisou",164,{"id":831,"title":832,"slug":833,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":834},"01a09a7b-ed71-7ed8-a5d5-a77758131345","というで名前と内容を結ぶ","to-iu-de-namae-to-naiyou-o-musubu",165,{"id":836,"title":837,"slug":838,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":839},"01a09a7b-ed77-7807-8044-53fb718ccfee","ということだと伝聞の要約","to-iu-koto-da-to-denbun-no-youyaku",166,{"id":841,"title":842,"slug":843,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":844},"01a09a7b-ed90-75af-87f1-32ef34efa0c2","とか・なんてと引用への距離","toka-nante-to-inyou-e-no-kyori",167,{"id":846,"title":847,"slug":848,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":849},"01a09a7b-ec10-73e0-96b0-9afdd378a047","のにと予想に反する結果","noni-to-yosoku-ni-hansuru-kekka",168,{"id":851,"title":852,"slug":853,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":854},"01a09a7b-eb37-7620-b0c8-547b78374055","ながらと同時進行・逆接","nagara-to-douji-shinkou-gyakusetsu",169,{"id":856,"title":857,"slug":858,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":859},"01a09a7b-eb00-7e73-8007-32ba0b4f119f","もののと限定付きの逆接","monono-to-genteitsuki-no-gyakusetsu",170,{"id":861,"title":862,"slug":863,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":864},"01a09a7b-eb9c-79b3-a972-f1aaadf41eba","にもかかわらずと強い逆接","ni-mo-kakawarazu-to-tsuyoi-gyakusetsu",171,{"id":866,"title":867,"slug":868,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":869},"01a09a7b-edc1-76f6-b84b-5194ea35404d","うえでと行為の前提","ue-de-to-koui-no-zentei",172,{"id":871,"title":872,"slug":873,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":874},"01a09a7b-edfe-7872-a579-6fc087cbfeae","よ・ね・なの共有情報","yo-ne-na-no-kyouyuu-jouhou",173,{"id":876,"title":877,"slug":878,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":879},"01a09a7b-eda6-7192-a614-3053f45fd550","取り立てのはと対比","toritate-no-wa-to-taihi",174,{"id":881,"title":882,"slug":883,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":884},"01a09a7b-ec80-7750-8b5a-469cfe592004","主語の省略と文脈による復元","shugo-no-shouryaku-to-bunmyaku-ni-yoru-fukugen",175,{"id":886,"title":887,"slug":888,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":889},"01a09a7b-e915-797f-a6a6-4a609501e678","である体の基本","de-aru-tai-no-kihon",176,{"id":891,"title":892,"slug":893,"language":9,"level":683,"displayOrder":894},"01a09a7b-eba6-7eba-9a96-05bff03a5c7c","においてと改まった場所・分野","ni-oite-to-aratamatta-basho-bunya",177,{"id":896,"title":897,"slug":898,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":900},"01a09a7b-eb92-764a-aa20-52b3ecf933a4","に関してと論題の設定","ni-kanshite-to-rondai-no-settei","C1",178,{"id":902,"title":903,"slug":904,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":905},"01a09a7b-ebc8-77c9-a7f8-5ec95305d326","に対してと対象・対比","ni-taishite-to-taishou-taihi",179,{"id":907,"title":908,"slug":909,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":910},"01a09a7b-ec2d-7d06-9f8f-fa56c27c3ff2","をめぐってと複数の立場","o-megutte-to-fukusuu-no-tachiba",180,{"id":912,"title":913,"slug":914,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":915},"01a09a7b-eba1-7d50-9f84-c879b9f585ab","に基づいてと根拠","ni-motozuite-to-konkyo",181,{"id":917,"title":918,"slug":919,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":920},"01a09a7b-ebd5-7b21-9e0c-725e5988e0ff","に伴ってと連動する変化","ni-tomonatte-to-rendou-suru-henka",182,{"id":922,"title":923,"slug":924,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":925},"01a09a7b-ebdc-7773-8b64-508eeb6fda7e","につれて・に従ってと段階的な変化","ni-tsurete-ni-shitagatte-to-dankaiteki-na-henka",183,{"id":927,"title":928,"slug":929,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":930},"01a09a7b-ebac-7c98-8592-cbe52702eb8c","に応じてと対応する変化","ni-oujite-to-taiou-suru-henka",184,{"id":932,"title":933,"slug":934,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":935},"01a09a7b-ea18-7636-a876-0a04a0209700","限りと条件の範囲","kagiri-to-jouken-no-hani",185,{"id":937,"title":938,"slug":939,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":940},"01a09a7b-eb8d-75e6-a9f8-7581fe6b0a5d","に限らずと範囲の拡張","ni-kagirazu-to-hani-no-kakuchou",186,{"id":942,"title":943,"slug":944,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":945},"01a09a7b-eb88-77a1-b316-f0b5a6b823fd","にほかならないと本質の断定","ni-hoka-naranai-to-honshitsu-no-dantei",187,{"id":947,"title":948,"slug":949,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":950},"01a09a7b-ebbc-7d61-9b51-ae9249b2eb16","にすぎないと範囲の限定","ni-suginai-to-hani-no-gentei",188,{"id":952,"title":953,"slug":954,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":955},"01a09a7b-eb97-77cd-ad6c-a2bef416054b","に越したことはないと最善の判断","ni-koshita-koto-wa-nai-to-saizen-no-handan",189,{"id":957,"title":958,"slug":959,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":960},"01a09a7b-ee1e-7294-8d3f-65273d4e82b5","ざるを得ないと避けられない選択","zaru-o-enai-to-sakerarenai-sentaku",190,{"id":962,"title":963,"slug":964,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":965},"01a09a7b-eb43-7dae-8ad9-dddb25c62212","ないわけにはいかないと強い責任","nai-wake-ni-wa-ikanai-to-tsuyoi-sekinin",191,{"id":967,"title":968,"slug":969,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":970},"01a09a7b-ea2a-756b-9cbc-e16a1b3cfc3d","かねないと否定的な可能性","kanenai-to-hiteiteki-na-kanousei",192,{"id":972,"title":973,"slug":974,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":975},"01a09a7b-ea30-7464-ac85-db73f9f32004","かねると改まった不可能","kaneru-to-aratamatta-fukanou",193,{"id":977,"title":978,"slug":979,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":980},"01a09a7b-ec39-74dd-9226-ec6e07e10f5a","おそれがあると懸念","osore-ga-aru-to-kenen",194,{"id":982,"title":983,"slug":984,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":985},"01a09a7b-ed89-7b6c-8a72-e18e7ec13b95","とはいえと認めた上での反論","to-wa-ie-to-mitometa-ue-de-no-hanron",195,{"id":987,"title":988,"slug":989,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":990},"01a09a7b-ed6c-767c-b5f0-1fcd0895224b","といってもと程度の修正","to-ittemo-to-teido-no-shuusei",196,{"id":992,"title":993,"slug":994,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":995},"01a09a7b-ea4a-7c49-b09d-b56e6f5c59b3","からといってと結論の否定","kara-to-itte-to-ketsuron-no-hitei",197,{"id":997,"title":998,"slug":999,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1000},"01a09a7b-e927-7d98-8685-d9c778536ac8","どころかと予想を超える追加","dokoroka-to-yosoku-o-koeru-tsuika",198,{"id":1002,"title":1003,"slug":1004,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1005},"01a09a7b-e922-7012-b286-eb3e0d3cd690","どころではないと不可能な状況","dokoro-de-wa-nai-to-fukanou-na-joukyou",199,{"id":1007,"title":1008,"slug":1009,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1010},"01a09a7b-e8dd-7e88-a893-27e931a791fb","ばかりかと重ねる追加","bakarika-to-kasaneru-tsuika",200,{"id":1012,"title":1013,"slug":1014,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1015},"01a09a7b-edc7-74d5-a0c7-6dc9db4daddd","うえにと同方向の添加","ue-ni-to-douhoukou-no-tenka",201,{"id":1017,"title":1018,"slug":1019,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1020},"01a09a7b-eca3-7f2a-b04b-6b11caba5f56","末にと長い過程の結果","sue-ni-to-nagai-katei-no-kekka",202,{"id":1022,"title":1023,"slug":1024,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1025},"01a09a7b-e8a6-73b9-ad81-b0ca8192e3c4","あげくと望ましくない結果","ageku-to-nozomashikunai-kekka",203,{"id":1027,"title":1028,"slug":1029,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1030},"01a09a7b-ec6a-74b5-8cb4-5d9450976383","次第と直後の実行","shidai-to-chokugo-no-jikkou",204,{"id":1032,"title":1033,"slug":1034,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1035},"01a09a7b-ec64-76d5-8e93-aa0be67b3b2b","次第でと決定条件","shidai-de-to-kettei-jouken",205,{"id":1037,"title":1038,"slug":1039,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1040},"01a09a7b-ebb2-773e-a72c-2c85a2abe122","に先立ってと公式な前後関係","ni-sakidatte-to-koushiki-na-zengo-kankei",206,{"id":1042,"title":1043,"slug":1044,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1045},"01a09a7b-ec22-78d8-a8d3-3d949cf30a52","を皮切りにと展開の起点","o-kawakiri-ni-to-tenkai-no-kiten",207,{"id":1047,"title":1048,"slug":1049,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1050},"01a09a7b-ecf1-76e8-bf89-b4c03d12b70e","て以来と継続する期間","te-irai-to-keizoku-suru-kikan",208,{"id":1052,"title":1053,"slug":1054,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1055},"01a09a7b-edb7-7230-bf34-cf7e24c6c80d","つつと書き言葉の同時・逆接","tsutsu-to-kakikotoba-no-douji-gyakusetsu",209,{"id":1057,"title":1058,"slug":1059,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1060},"01a09a7b-eb31-719d-94d3-17e249d8dc79","ながらもと認容的な逆接","nagara-mo-to-ninyouteki-na-gyakusetsu",210,{"id":1062,"title":1063,"slug":1064,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1065},"01a09a7b-ec54-72f7-a382-f6fda8062bc4","論証を組み立てる接続表現","ronshou-o-kumipateru-setsuzoku-hyougen",211,{"id":1067,"title":1068,"slug":1069,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1070},"01a09a7b-eaed-7f25-b6b1-6a364efc5d87","名詞止めと省略の文体効果","meishidome-to-shouryaku-no-buntai-kouka",212,{"id":1072,"title":1073,"slug":1074,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1075},"01a09a7b-ebf0-7472-9510-e7bcf3dfe3d0","二重敬語と過剰敬語","nijuu-keigo-to-kajou-keigo",213,{"id":1077,"title":1078,"slug":1079,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1080},"01a09a7b-ec5e-7d60-816d-540015dcb7af","接客・職場の待遇表現","sekkyaku-shokuba-no-taiguu-hyougen",214,{"id":1082,"title":1083,"slug":1084,"language":9,"level":899,"displayOrder":1085},"01a09a7b-eb2a-7873-a932-80506b1c18d5","長い連体修飾と読点の使い方","nagai-rentaishuushoku-to-touten-no-tsukaikata",215,{"id":1087,"title":1088,"slug":1089,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1091},"01a09a7b-ee23-7727-a84a-444fbdb88dc8","ず・ぬと文語的な否定","zu-nu-to-bungoteki-na-hitei","C2",216,{"id":1093,"title":1094,"slug":1095,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1096},"01a09a7b-e8e9-7eb3-ba30-820b6875d559","べく・べからずと当為・禁止","beku-bekarazu-to-toui-kinshi",217,{"id":1098,"title":1099,"slug":1100,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1101},"01a09a7b-eab8-7876-a781-04f42391b00e","まじと文語の打消推量","maji-to-bungo-no-uchikeshi-suiryou",218,{"id":1103,"title":1104,"slug":1105,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1106},"01a09a7b-e969-776f-aa92-74adf0c9317e","ごとしと文語の比況","gotoshi-to-bungo-no-hikyou",219,{"id":1108,"title":1109,"slug":1110,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1111},"01a09a7b-eb73-7817-80fb-b9a33f48e18e","なりと文語の断定・伝聞","nari-to-bungo-no-dantei-denbun",220,{"id":1113,"title":1114,"slug":1115,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1116},"01a09a7b-e9a7-75ae-9c14-5f4ca679ad8c","標準語と地域変種の文法的な距離","hyoujungo-to-chiiki-henshu-no-bunpouteki-na-kyori",221,{"id":1118,"title":1119,"slug":1120,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1121},"01a09a7b-eb11-7c76-8e78-bdceebb76905","む・んと文語的な意志・推量","mu-n-to-bungoteki-na-ishi-suiryou",222,{"id":1123,"title":1124,"slug":1125,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1126},"01a09a7b-ea77-73e1-b066-a5c0193f9497","けりと物語の回想・気づき","keri-to-monogatari-no-kaisou-kizuki",223,{"id":1128,"title":1129,"slug":1130,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1131},"01a09a7b-ea96-7be6-a4a4-9cc5b79f1801","こそすれと強い対比","koso-sure-to-tsuyoi-taihi",224,{"id":1133,"title":1134,"slug":1135,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1136},"01a09a7b-e9b8-74f0-9463-b90cf1bbdc9c","いかんでと結果を左右する条件","ikan-de-to-kekka-o-sayuu-suru-jouken",225,{"id":1138,"title":1139,"slug":1140,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1141},"01a09a7b-e9be-716b-be46-f25981ad90ec","いかんによらずと条件の排除","ikan-ni-yorazu-to-jouken-no-haijo",226,{"id":1143,"title":1144,"slug":1145,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1146},"01a09a7b-eb1d-7beb-8c90-3bc8de5314c0","んがためと強い目的","n-ga-tame-to-tsuyoi-mokuteki",227,{"id":1148,"title":1149,"slug":1150,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1151},"01a09a7b-eb17-794c-83d7-2054014b9a20","んばかりと目に見える程度","n-bakari-to-me-ni-mieru-teido",228,{"id":1153,"title":1154,"slug":1155,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1156},"01a09a7b-ec86-72ec-8eac-e9952446b1a0","そばからと繰り返す直後","sobakara-to-kurikaesu-chokugo",229,{"id":1158,"title":1159,"slug":1160,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1161},"01a09a7b-e95d-772d-b5df-9b3dbecef888","が早いかとほぼ同時の動作","ga-hayai-ka-to-hobo-douji-no-dousa",230,{"id":1163,"title":1164,"slug":1165,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1166},"01a09a7b-e92e-70b0-ae9a-9237fc52c336","動詞辞書形なりと突発的な連続","doushi-jisho-kei-nari-to-toppatsuteki-na-renzoku",231,{"id":1168,"title":1169,"slug":1170,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1171},"01a09a7b-edf3-7487-b4cd-803726a86988","や否やと即時の展開","ya-ina-ya-to-sokuji-no-tenkai",232,{"id":1173,"title":1174,"slug":1175,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1176},"01a09a7b-ed61-77ff-9be4-8b6e3c2f90ab","とばかりにと身ぶりの描写","to-bakari-ni-to-miburi-no-byousha",233,{"id":1178,"title":1179,"slug":1180,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1181},"01a09a7b-ecc0-730d-8906-8b00b522819b","たところでと結果が変わらない仮定","ta-tokoro-de-to-kekka-ga-kawaranai-katei",234,{"id":1183,"title":1184,"slug":1185,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1186},"01a09a7b-e90f-76a1-aad3-db2f62810b4d","であれと例示を超える条件","de-are-to-reiji-o-koeru-jouken",235,{"id":1188,"title":1189,"slug":1190,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1191},"01a09a7b-ebb7-7992-8713-aa129d1a1e39","にせよ・にしろと複数の仮定","ni-seyo-ni-shiro-to-fukusuu-no-katei",236,{"id":1193,"title":1194,"slug":1195,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1196},"01a09a7b-ed56-70ab-b13a-5aa70401279e","とあってと特別な事情","to-atte-to-tokubetsu-na-jijou",237,{"id":1198,"title":1199,"slug":1200,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1201},"01a09a7b-ed4f-7f72-a3c0-702a69d8efb0","とあればと特別な前提","to-areba-to-tokubetsu-na-zentei",238,{"id":1203,"title":1204,"slug":1205,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1206},"01a09a7b-eb54-7172-83b8-212e0660b39b","なくしてと不可欠な条件","naku-shite-to-fukaketsu-na-jouken",239,{"id":1208,"title":1209,"slug":1210,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1211},"01a09a7b-ec33-76d7-820c-b54371c3b0aa","をもってと期限・手段の宣言","o-motte-to-kigen-shudan-no-sengen",240,{"id":1213,"title":1214,"slug":1215,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1216},"01a09a7b-ec27-7f99-bac3-4733b30f267a","を禁じ得ないと抑えられない感情","o-kinji-enai-to-osaerarenai-kanjou",241,{"id":1218,"title":1219,"slug":1220,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1221},"01a09a7b-ebc2-7a26-a6a8-811ef87212d3","に堪えないと感情の極み","ni-taenai-to-kanjou-no-kiwami",242,{"id":1223,"title":1224,"slug":1225,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1226},"01a09a7b-ea80-7f49-a05f-ee4b16fd6ff0","極まりない・極まると極端な評価","kiwamarinai-kiwamaru-to-kyokutan-na-hyouka",243,{"id":1228,"title":1229,"slug":1230,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1231},"01a09a7b-e8ef-7e0f-87a6-e0b7637d3dba","文中の時制と視点の移動","bunchuu-no-jisei-to-shiten-no-idou",244,{"id":1233,"title":1234,"slug":1235,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1236},"01a09a7b-e9a1-7bd2-a6d1-a5a5d3080392","法令・論文・報道における文体の選択","hourei-ronbun-houdou-ni-okeru-buntai-no-sentaku",245,{"id":1223,"title":1224,"slug":1225,"seoDescription":1238,"content":1239,"language":9,"level":1090,"displayOrder":1226,"grammarTopics":1240,"createdAt":1246,"updatedAt":1247,"vocabularyLists":1248,"readyImages":1444},"「極まりない／極まる」で、危険、失礼、不愉快、残念などの評価が極端な程度に達していると強く述べます。形式上の肯定・否定が同じ強意になる仕組み、ナ形容詞的な評価語への接続、述語・連体修飾の傾向を整理します。否定評価に偏る語彙制約と限られた肯定例を確認し、「非常に」「この上なく」「感極まる」と使い分けます。","**極まりない**と**極まる**は、ある性質や評価が極限（きょくげん）に達していると強く述べる、硬い書き言葉です。「ない」の有無にかかわらず、どちらも程度の高さを表します。このページでは硬い書き言葉の例を扱うため、例文は常体（じょうたい）で統一します。ただし、付けられる語や自然な文型には強い傾向があります。\n\n## 二つの形が同じ強意を表す\n\n**極まりない**は「この上ない」、**極まる**は「極限に達する」に近く、いずれも「非常に」という意味を強くします。形式だけを見て、前者を否定、後者を肯定と解釈してはいけません。\n\n**極まりない**は、文語（ぶんご）の「極まりなし（この上ない）」から慣用化（かんようか）した形です。そのため、形の上で「極まる＋ない」に見えても、否定の意味にはなりません。\n\n:::example\n根拠を示さずに結論だけを押し付けるとは、**無責任極まりない**態度だ。\n\n乗客の安全を無視した、**危険極まる**運行だった。\n:::\n\n| 形 | 典型的な働き | 例 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 評価語＋極まりない | 評価が極端であると述べる | その説明は曖昧極まりない。 |\n| 評価語＋極まる＋名詞 | 極端な性質を持つ名詞を修飾する | 失礼極まる発言 |\n| 評価語＋極まる | 評価が極端であると述べる | あの対応は不愉快極まる。 |\n\n## 評価を含む語に接続する\n\n前には、ナ形容詞（けいようし）的に働く語や、話し手の評価を表す名詞がよく来ます。通常の「な」や「だ」は挟みません。ナ形容詞的な評価語は語幹に直接付き（**危険な** → **危険極まる**）、和語のイ形容詞には通常付きません。中心になるのは漢語系の評価語です。\n\n| 評価の方向 | よく見られる語 | 例 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 行為への非難 | 失礼、無責任、不謹慎 | 無責任極まりない判断だ。 |\n| 不快・危険 | 不愉快、危険、物騒 | 危険極まる行為だ。 |\n| 残念・遺憾 | 残念、遺憾 | この結果は遺憾極まりない。 |\n| 程度の高い価値 | 贅沢 | 贅沢極まる空間だった。 |\n\n:::note\n「静かだ」から「静か極まりない」を自由に作る、という文法ではありません。「失礼極まりない」「危険極まる」のように、実際に定着した評価語との組み合わせを一まとまりとして身に付ける必要があります。\n:::\n\n## 否定評価が中心だが肯定だけを排除しない\n\nこの表現は、非難、不快、危険、残念などの否定的評価と特によく結び付きます。そのため、相手や対象を強く断じる響きが生まれやすい表現です。一方で、「贅沢極まる」のように、文脈と語の結び付きが確立していれば肯定的な評価にも使われます。\n\n- 失礼極まりない対応：礼を欠く程度が甚だしいという非難\n- 不愉快極まりない発言：不快さの程度が極端だという評価\n- 贅沢極まるひととき：非常に豪華で満ち足りているという評価\n- この上なく感動的な光景：強い感動をもたらすという自然な言い換え\n\n:::warning\n肯定的な意味なら何でも使えるわけではありません。「親切極まりない」「便利極まる」などは、特別な修辞的文脈がなければ不自然に響きます。自然さが確かでない場合は「この上なく親切だ」「非常に便利だ」と表現します。\n:::\n\n## 述語と連体修飾の傾向をつかむ\n\n**極まりない**は文末の述語（じゅつご）として使われやすく、**極まる**は後ろの名詞を修飾する形でよく現れます。ただし、これは絶対的な規則ではなく、実際には「不愉快極まる」のような述語用法もあります。\n\n:::example\n事情を確認せずに処分を決めるのは、**性急極まりない**。\n\n証拠を隠すという、**卑劣極まる**行為が明らかになった。\n:::\n\n| 文中での位置 | 自然な形 | 語調 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 文末で評価を断定する | 不合理極まりない | 強く硬い断定 |\n| 名詞の前で性質を示す | 危険極まる計画 | 報道・評論的 |\n| 名詞の前で「極まりない」を使う | 無礼極まりない態度 | 強い非難 |\n\n「極まりない」もそのまま名詞を修飾できます。「極まるだけが連体形（れんたいけい）」と覚えるのではなく、よく使われるまとまりと文体上の傾向を観察します。\n\n## 生産性の限界と不自然な形を知る\n\n意味上「程度が高い」と言えても、一般のイ形容詞や中立的な名詞にそのまま付けることはできません。評価性と慣用性（かんようせい）の両方が必要です。\n\n| 避けたい形 | 問題 | 自然な言い換え |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 美しい極まりない | イ形容詞に機械的に接続している | この上なく美しい |\n| 大きい極まる建物 | 中立的な程度を強めているだけ | 極めて大きい建物 |\n| 机極まりない | 評価を表さない名詞である | 文意に応じて別の表現を選ぶ |\n| 親切極まる人 | 組み合わせが一般的ではない | この上なく親切な人 |\n\n:::tip\n「非常に」に置き換えて意味が通るだけでは十分ではありません。元の語自体が強い評価を持ち、さらに「極まりない／極まる」との連語が自然かどうかを確認してください。\n:::\n\n## 同じ最高程度を表す形と動詞本来の用法\n\n**感極まる**は「感情が最高潮に達する」という一つの動詞表現であり、評価語に「極まる」を付けるこの文型とは構造が異なります。また、**極めて**や**非常に**は、より広い語を中立的に修飾できます。\n\n| 表現 | 働き | 例 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 評価語＋極まりない | 評価を極端に強める | 不誠実極まりない回答だ。 |\n| 評価語＋極まる | 評価を極端に強める | 無礼極まる態度だ。 |\n| 感極まる | 感情が最高潮に達する | 受賞者は感極まって言葉を失った。 |\n| 極めて／非常に | 程度を広く、比較的中立に示す | 極めて重要な資料だ。 |\n| この上なく | 最高程度を表し、肯定語にも使いやすい | この上なく幸せだ。 |\n| 〜の極み | 名詞で強い評価を述べる硬い形 | それは無礼の極みだ。 |\n| イ形容詞＋限りだ | 話し手の感慨を強く述べる改まった形 | 心強い限りだ。 |\n| 〜の至りだ | 名詞で強い評価を述べる硬い形 | この受賞は光栄の至りだ。 |\n| 〜この上ない | 名詞を修飾して最高程度を表す | この上ない喜びを感じた。 |\n\n「〜の極み」は無礼・贅沢のような評価名詞と結び付きやすく、「〜の至りだ」は光栄のような名詞を用いる硬い形です。**〜限りだ**は**心強い限りだ**のようにイ形容詞に付いて、話し手の感慨を述べます。**この上ない**は肯定的な名詞にも使いやすく、**極まりない／極まる**ほど特定の連語に限られません。\n\nまた、**極まる**には評価の強調ではない、本来の動詞用法もあります。\n\n| 表現 | 意味 | 例 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 進退窮まる | 進むことも退くこともできなくなる | 資金が尽き、会社は進退窮まった。 |\n| 事ここに極まる | 事態が最後の段階に達する | 交渉が決裂し、事ここに極まった。 |\n\nこれらは「危険極まる」のような評価語＋極まるではなく、慣用的な動詞表現として意味を覚えます。\n\n同じ「きわまる」でも、**進退窮まる**では**窮まる**と書き、見出しの**極まる**とは漢字が異なります。\n\n## 強さと文体を管理する\n\n使用するときは、次の点を順に確認します。\n\n1. 前の語が明確な評価を表しているかを見ます。\n2. その語との組み合わせが実際に定着しているかを確かめます。\n3. 強い断定や非難が場面にふさわしいかを考えます。\n4. 述語にするか名詞を修飾するかに応じて、自然なまとまりを選びます。\n5. 中立的に程度を示すだけなら「非常に」「極めて」に替えます。\n\n:::note\n評論、報道、論説、改まった演説では、評価を鮮明にする効果があります。日常会話で多用すると芝居がかった印象になり、対人評価では攻撃性も強くなります。強調の大きさだけでなく、相手との関係と文章全体の調子も考えて選びます。\n:::",[1241],{"id":1242,"name":1243,"level":1090,"language":9,"isCompleted":1244,"completionPercentage":1245,"totalExercises":21,"completedExercises":1245},"01a09a7b-e80f-7828-927b-1c2233ca21ed","極まりない・極まるの極端評価",false,0,"2026-09-13T11:16:47+00:00","2026-10-11T12:53:35+00:00",[1249],{"id":1250,"title":1251,"vocabularyListWords":1252,"isPublished":1263},"01a09a7c-775d-7028-84fb-e420d8aef3ac","極まりない・極まると極端な評価の語彙",[1253,1265,1276,1284,1295,1305,1313,1321,1329,1337,1347,1357,1368,1376,1384,1392,1400,1408,1418,1426,1434],{"id":1254,"vocabularyWord":1255,"displayOrder":11},"01a09a7c-775d-7088-84fb-e420d8c4a223",{"id":1256,"word":1257,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1258,"partsOfSpeech":1259,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1264},"01a09a7c-335f-7763-b788-0f5817ff9a64","極まりない","tts_991a2cea7e125243_ja-JP.mp3",[1260],{"id":1261,"partOfSpeech":1262,"isPrimary":1263,"meaningOrder":11},"01a09a7c-339d-78c7-92dd-a35ce54b71c3","ADJECTIVE",true,"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_991a2cea7e125243_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1266,"vocabularyWord":1267,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-775d-70b8-84fb-e420d936cbe1",{"id":1268,"word":1269,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1270,"partsOfSpeech":1271,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1275},"01a09a7c-341c-7dd8-9d35-0759ae6831b3","極まる","tts_00c8ff75930ce480_ja-JP.mp3",[1272],{"id":1273,"partOfSpeech":1274,"isPrimary":1263,"meaningOrder":11},"01a09a7c-3430-7357-a028-e98f0330841f","VERB","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_00c8ff75930ce480_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1277,"vocabularyWord":1278,"displayOrder":21},"01a09a7c-775d-70dc-84fb-e420d96fc0cb",{"id":1279,"word":1280,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1281,"partsOfSpeech":1282,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1283},"01a09a7c-3496-7d07-b9dd-f132bf3b49fd","感極まる","tts_4b93c4e4a748b709_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_4b93c4e4a748b709_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1285,"vocabularyWord":1286,"displayOrder":26},"01a09a7c-775d-70fc-84fb-e420d9936d7e",{"id":1287,"word":1288,"frequency":16,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1289,"partsOfSpeech":1290,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1294},"01a09a7c-3370-7e90-896e-05bac75f0ad9","無責任極まりない","tts_214c71fc5349ceb4_ja-JP.mp3",[1291],{"id":1292,"partOfSpeech":1293,"isPrimary":1263,"meaningOrder":11},"01a09a7c-339f-7b44-bfa7-4a858b7794c3","PHRASE","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_214c71fc5349ceb4_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1296,"vocabularyWord":1297,"displayOrder":31},"01a09a7c-775d-7118-84fb-e420da1b7099",{"id":1298,"word":1299,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1300,"partsOfSpeech":1301,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1304},"01a09a7c-32e5-759c-abc9-402df0db8501","危険極まる","tts_d767453e88e4d3f3_ja-JP.mp3",[1302],{"id":1303,"partOfSpeech":1293,"isPrimary":1263,"meaningOrder":11},"01a09a7c-32fa-7d8e-8098-d7664c753f27","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_d767453e88e4d3f3_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1306,"vocabularyWord":1307,"displayOrder":36},"01a09a7c-775d-7134-84fb-e420dae5f288",{"id":1308,"word":1309,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1310,"partsOfSpeech":1311,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1312},"01a09a7c-34a5-7599-9ad3-a75c156e83e1","贅沢極まる","tts_8c1f1530f5b02e79_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_8c1f1530f5b02e79_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1314,"vocabularyWord":1315,"displayOrder":41},"01a09a7c-775d-7154-84fb-e420db58af09",{"id":1316,"word":1317,"frequency":16,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1318,"partsOfSpeech":1319,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1320},"01a09a7c-3487-7eb7-af82-a74e1c0d4096","失礼極まりない","tts_c094c69fb380e439_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_c094c69fb380e439_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1322,"vocabularyWord":1323,"displayOrder":46},"01a09a7c-775d-7170-84fb-e420dc54ce87",{"id":1324,"word":1325,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1326,"partsOfSpeech":1327,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1328},"01a09a7c-349d-7573-b598-74cdef52d725","不愉快極まりない","tts_47b8b225ee5b5cd3_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_47b8b225ee5b5cd3_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1330,"vocabularyWord":1331,"displayOrder":51},"01a09a7c-775d-718c-84fb-e420dd1dc7ca",{"id":1332,"word":1333,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1334,"partsOfSpeech":1335,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1336},"01a09a7c-34b8-7732-a3f6-9ddf5275fd48","遺憾極まりない","tts_00bcacda3bc51690_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_00bcacda3bc51690_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1338,"vocabularyWord":1339,"displayOrder":56},"01a09a7c-775d-71ac-84fb-e420ddfbb600",{"id":1340,"word":1341,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1342,"partsOfSpeech":1343,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1346},"01a09a7c-3362-77cb-b5f6-a2ed7484f708","性急極まりない","tts_d78d25d786ab6876_ja-JP.mp3",[1344],{"id":1345,"partOfSpeech":1293,"isPrimary":1263,"meaningOrder":11},"01a09a7c-339d-7ea7-92dd-a35ce71e250d","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_d78d25d786ab6876_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1348,"vocabularyWord":1349,"displayOrder":61},"01a09a7c-775d-71c8-84fb-e420de94fac4",{"id":1350,"word":1351,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1352,"partsOfSpeech":1353,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1356},"01a09a7c-32c1-7cd6-9afe-add7c9e717dd","卑劣極まる","tts_988451d3e68aea6f_ja-JP.mp3",[1354],{"id":1355,"partOfSpeech":1293,"isPrimary":1263,"meaningOrder":11},"01a09a7c-32f5-7942-90e7-f72e9eaf7992","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_988451d3e68aea6f_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1358,"vocabularyWord":1359,"displayOrder":66},"01a09a7c-775d-71e4-84fb-e420df916372",{"id":1360,"word":1361,"frequency":36,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1362,"partsOfSpeech":1363,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1367},"01a09a7c-2ef0-7ac2-82b3-e8342ca3bd9f","極めて","tts_e7b5656cbb680b01_ja-JP.mp3",[1364],{"id":1365,"partOfSpeech":1366,"isPrimary":1263,"meaningOrder":11},"01a09a7c-2f1a-72e2-b3ba-28540d0d3f07","ADVERB","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_e7b5656cbb680b01_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1369,"vocabularyWord":1370,"displayOrder":71},"01a09a7c-775d-7200-84fb-e420e069edd9",{"id":1371,"word":1372,"frequency":46,"level":211,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1373,"partsOfSpeech":1374,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1375},"01a09a7c-34aa-727e-bd2a-d3ad4c1ce131","非常に","tts_4a986f3f10f00fb8_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_4a986f3f10f00fb8_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1377,"vocabularyWord":1378,"displayOrder":76},"01a09a7c-775d-721c-84fb-e420e13f7092",{"id":1379,"word":1380,"frequency":16,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1381,"partsOfSpeech":1382,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1383},"01a09a7c-348e-7416-93de-3ce6dd9a4a86","この上なく","tts_6b4d9cade506fc81_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_6b4d9cade506fc81_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1385,"vocabularyWord":1386,"displayOrder":81},"01a09a7c-775d-7238-84fb-e420e19df1c2",{"id":1387,"word":1388,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1389,"partsOfSpeech":1390,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1391},"01a09a7c-348a-74a1-8da1-927f023e75db","の極み","tts_0fbcaf1d55be112c_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_0fbcaf1d55be112c_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1393,"vocabularyWord":1394,"displayOrder":86},"01a09a7c-775d-7258-84fb-e420e2610c77",{"id":1395,"word":1396,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1397,"partsOfSpeech":1398,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1399},"01a09a7c-3490-7d35-a1ff-9285cc20c68b","限りだ","tts_d48ebaf577121b8b_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_d48ebaf577121b8b_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1401,"vocabularyWord":1402,"displayOrder":91},"01a09a7c-775d-7270-84fb-e420e2e0f679",{"id":1403,"word":1404,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1405,"partsOfSpeech":1406,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1407},"01a09a7c-3488-7c34-9464-c4fb2bc02421","の至りだ","tts_f25acac8c0ed7f82_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_f25acac8c0ed7f82_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1409,"vocabularyWord":1410,"displayOrder":96},"01a09a7c-775d-728c-84fb-e420e3885f5d",{"id":1411,"word":1412,"frequency":16,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1413,"partsOfSpeech":1414,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1417},"01a09a7c-3423-7c60-8b2a-2b7a3201e67d","この上ない","tts_0fb7bc69a6a3691d_ja-JP.mp3",[1415],{"id":1416,"partOfSpeech":1293,"isPrimary":1263,"meaningOrder":11},"01a09a7c-3430-7dcb-a028-e98f088c7536","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_0fb7bc69a6a3691d_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1419,"vocabularyWord":1420,"displayOrder":101},"01a09a7c-775d-72b8-84fb-e420e3d45690",{"id":1421,"word":1422,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1423,"partsOfSpeech":1424,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1425},"01a09a7c-3492-773d-b976-4ffbda6c0b97","進退窮まる","tts_6eef6ef319075b94_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_6eef6ef319075b94_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1427,"vocabularyWord":1428,"displayOrder":106},"01a09a7c-775d-72d4-84fb-e420e44d8975",{"id":1429,"word":1430,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1431,"partsOfSpeech":1432,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1433},"01a09a7c-34b6-7c4b-a30f-dadf3286a62e","事ここに極まる","tts_736c2a58383a310d_ja-JP.mp3",[],"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_736c2a58383a310d_ja-JP.mp3",{"id":1435,"vocabularyWord":1436,"displayOrder":111},"01a09a7c-775d-72ec-84fb-e420e492e1a5",{"id":1437,"word":1438,"frequency":11,"level":899,"language":9,"audioFilePath":1439,"partsOfSpeech":1440,"audio":1263,"audioUrl":1443},"01a09a7c-3423-711c-8b2a-2b7a3165d3ae","窮まる","tts_ab5d9f90f01b8bf2_ja-JP.mp3",[1441],{"id":1442,"partOfSpeech":1274,"isPrimary":1263,"meaningOrder":11},"01a09a7c-3430-7cb3-a028-e98f07e255bd","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_ab5d9f90f01b8bf2_ja-JP.mp3",[],null,[1447,1456,1462],{"@id":1448,"@type":1449,"id":1450,"grammarPage":1451,"title":1452,"instructions":1453,"displayOrder":1245,"type":1454,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":66,"isCompleted":1244,"ogImageUrl":1455},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a09a7c-00f4-75c0-a0b0-e96a8e1b763d","GrammarExercise","01a09a7c-00f4-75c0-a0b0-e96a8e1b763d","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a09a7b-ea80-7f49-a05f-ee4b16fd6ff0","形と文中での働き","「極まりない」と「極まる」の意味、接続、述語・連体修飾での使い方に注意して、最も適切な答えを選びましょう。","word_select","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_2fddbee0-e80a-43be-bd85-28da0a9b9978_hero.webp?v=1789298213",{"@id":1457,"@type":1449,"id":1458,"grammarPage":1451,"title":1459,"instructions":1460,"displayOrder":11,"type":1454,"questionCount":66,"blankCount":66,"isCompleted":1244,"ogImageUrl":1461},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a09a7c-010b-7c16-ad68-01b92352b9cf","01a09a7c-010b-7c16-ad68-01b92352b9cf","語彙の制限と文体","評価の方向、語との結び付き、類似表現との違い、場面に応じた強さを考えて、適切な表現を選びましょう。","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_8e694f10-be50-41b0-92cc-ccc0f557c483_hero.webp?v=1789298213",{"@id":1463,"@type":1449,"id":1464,"grammarPage":1451,"title":1465,"instructions":1466,"displayOrder":16,"type":1467,"questionCount":56,"blankCount":56,"isCompleted":1244,"ogImageUrl":1468},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a09a7c-0122-7f63-a39d-a040e80aab1a","01a09a7c-0122-7f63-a39d-a040e80aab1a","極端な評価の文を組み立てる","タイルを正しい順番に並べ、定着した評価表現と、それが修飾・叙述する部分を正しく結びましょう。使わないタイルもあります。","sentence_builder","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_277798d8-b4a0-49fe-9764-bb0cc4d1668c_hero.webp?v=1789298213",{"id":1450,"grammarPage":1451,"title":1452,"instructions":1453,"seoTitle":1470,"seoDescription":1471,"displayOrder":1245,"type":1454,"questions":1472,"ogImageUrl":1455},"極まりない・極まる：接続と文中での働きを選ぶ","無責任極まりない、不誠実極まりない行為のように、極まりないと極まるの意味と接続を確かめる選択問題です。社説や社内通知の改まった文を読み、述語として使う場合と名詞を修飾する場合の形を選びます。な形容詞の語幹に直接付く規則をしっかり押さえ、硬い書き言葉での極端な否定的評価を正確に表せるようにします。",[1473],{"id":1474,"sentenceTemplate":1475,"displayOrder":1245,"explanation":1476,"exampleSentence":1477,"blanks":1478},"01a09a7c-00f4-78d4-a0b0-e96a8f199245","社説は、安全点検を打ち切る方針について「無責任__1__」と厳しく批判した。","「極まりない」は評価語に直接付き、この上なく程度が甚だしいことを表します。「極まらない」という動詞の否定形とは区別します。","事故の原因を調べずに運転を再開するとは、無責任極まりない。",[1479],{"id":1480,"blankNumber":11,"options":1481},"01a09a7c-00f4-7854-a0b0-e96a8e723455",[1482,1485,1487],{"id":1483,"optionText":1484,"isCorrect":1244,"displayOrder":1245},"01a09a7c-00f4-7760-a0b0-e96a8e1bd049","極まりなく",{"id":1486,"optionText":1257,"isCorrect":1263,"displayOrder":11},"01a09a7c-00f4-77c8-a0b0-e96a8e1c3855",{"id":1488,"optionText":1489,"isCorrect":1244,"displayOrder":16},"01a09a7c-00f4-7810-a0b0-e96a8e66f348","極まりなさ",{"html":1491,"toc":1492},"\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>極まりない\u003C\u002Fstrong>と\u003Cstrong>極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>は、ある性質や評価が極限（きょくげん）に達していると強く述べる、硬い書き言葉です。「ない」の有無にかかわらず、どちらも程度の高さを表します。このページでは硬い書き言葉の例を扱うため、例文は常体（じょうたい）で統一します。ただし、付けられる語や自然な文型には強い傾向があります。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>二つの形が同じ強意を表す\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>極まりない\u003C\u002Fstrong>は「この上ない」、\u003Cstrong>極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>は「極限に達する」に近く、いずれも「非常に」という意味を強くします。形式だけを見て、前者を否定、後者を肯定と解釈してはいけません。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>極まりない\u003C\u002Fstrong>は、文語（ぶんご）の「極まりなし（この上ない）」から慣用化（かんようか）した形です。そのため、形の上で「極まる＋ない」に見えても、否定の意味にはなりません。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>根拠を示さずに結論だけを押し付けるとは、\u003Cstrong>無責任極まりない\u003C\u002Fstrong>態度だ。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>乗客の安全を無視した、\u003Cstrong>危険極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>運行だった。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>形\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>典型的な働き\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>評価語＋極まりない\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>評価が極端であると述べる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>その説明は曖昧極まりない。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>評価語＋極まる＋名詞\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>極端な性質を持つ名詞を修飾する\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>失礼極まる発言\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>評価語＋極まる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>評価が極端であると述べる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>あの対応は不愉快極まる。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>評価を含む語に接続する\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>前には、ナ形容詞（けいようし）的に働く語や、話し手の評価を表す名詞がよく来ます。通常の「な」や「だ」は挟みません。ナ形容詞的な評価語は語幹に直接付き（\u003Cstrong>危険な\u003C\u002Fstrong> → \u003Cstrong>危険極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>）、和語のイ形容詞には通常付きません。中心になるのは漢語系の評価語です。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>評価の方向\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>よく見られる語\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>行為への非難\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>失礼、無責任、不謹慎\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>無責任極まりない判断だ。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>不快・危険\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>不愉快、危険、物騒\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>危険極まる行為だ。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>残念・遺憾\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>残念、遺憾\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>この結果は遺憾極まりない。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>程度の高い価値\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>贅沢\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>贅沢極まる空間だった。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>「静かだ」から「静か極まりない」を自由に作る、という文法ではありません。「失礼極まりない」「危険極まる」のように、実際に定着した評価語との組み合わせを一まとまりとして身に付ける必要があります。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>否定評価が中心だが肯定だけを排除しない\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>この表現は、非難、不快、危険、残念などの否定的評価と特によく結び付きます。そのため、相手や対象を強く断じる響きが生まれやすい表現です。一方で、「贅沢極まる」のように、文脈と語の結び付きが確立していれば肯定的な評価にも使われます。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>失礼極まりない対応：礼を欠く程度が甚だしいという非難\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>不愉快極まりない発言：不快さの程度が極端だという評価\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>贅沢極まるひととき：非常に豪華で満ち足りているという評価\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>この上なく感動的な光景：強い感動をもたらすという自然な言い換え\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>肯定的な意味なら何でも使えるわけではありません。「親切極まりない」「便利極まる」などは、特別な修辞的文脈がなければ不自然に響きます。自然さが確かでない場合は「この上なく親切だ」「非常に便利だ」と表現します。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>述語と連体修飾の傾向をつかむ\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>極まりない\u003C\u002Fstrong>は文末の述語（じゅつご）として使われやすく、\u003Cstrong>極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>は後ろの名詞を修飾する形でよく現れます。ただし、これは絶対的な規則ではなく、実際には「不愉快極まる」のような述語用法もあります。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>事情を確認せずに処分を決めるのは、\u003Cstrong>性急極まりない\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>証拠を隠すという、\u003Cstrong>卑劣極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>行為が明らかになった。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>文中での位置\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>自然な形\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>語調\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>文末で評価を断定する\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>不合理極まりない\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>強く硬い断定\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>名詞の前で性質を示す\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>危険極まる計画\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>報道・評論的\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>名詞の前で「極まりない」を使う\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>無礼極まりない態度\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>強い非難\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>「極まりない」もそのまま名詞を修飾できます。「極まるだけが連体形（れんたいけい）」と覚えるのではなく、よく使われるまとまりと文体上の傾向を観察します。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>生産性の限界と不自然な形を知る\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>意味上「程度が高い」と言えても、一般のイ形容詞や中立的な名詞にそのまま付けることはできません。評価性と慣用性（かんようせい）の両方が必要です。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>避けたい形\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>問題\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>自然な言い換え\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>美しい極まりない\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>イ形容詞に機械的に接続している\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>この上なく美しい\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>大きい極まる建物\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>中立的な程度を強めているだけ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>極めて大きい建物\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>机極まりない\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>評価を表さない名詞である\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>文意に応じて別の表現を選ぶ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>親切極まる人\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>組み合わせが一般的ではない\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>この上なく親切な人\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--tip\">\u003Cp>「非常に」に置き換えて意味が通るだけでは十分ではありません。元の語自体が強い評価を持ち、さらに「極まりない／極まる」との連語が自然かどうかを確認してください。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-6\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>同じ最高程度を表す形と動詞本来の用法\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>感極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>は「感情が最高潮に達する」という一つの動詞表現であり、評価語に「極まる」を付けるこの文型とは構造が異なります。また、\u003Cstrong>極めて\u003C\u002Fstrong>や\u003Cstrong>非常に\u003C\u002Fstrong>は、より広い語を中立的に修飾できます。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>表現\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>働き\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>評価語＋極まりない\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>評価を極端に強める\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>不誠実極まりない回答だ。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>評価語＋極まる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>評価を極端に強める\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>無礼極まる態度だ。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>感極まる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>感情が最高潮に達する\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>受賞者は感極まって言葉を失った。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>極めて／非常に\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>程度を広く、比較的中立に示す\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>極めて重要な資料だ。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>この上なく\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>最高程度を表し、肯定語にも使いやすい\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>この上なく幸せだ。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>〜の極み\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>名詞で強い評価を述べる硬い形\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>それは無礼の極みだ。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>イ形容詞＋限りだ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>話し手の感慨を強く述べる改まった形\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>心強い限りだ。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>〜の至りだ\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>名詞で強い評価を述べる硬い形\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>この受賞は光栄の至りだ。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>〜この上ない\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>名詞を修飾して最高程度を表す\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>この上ない喜びを感じた。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>「〜の極み」は無礼・贅沢のような評価名詞と結び付きやすく、「〜の至りだ」は光栄のような名詞を用いる硬い形です。\u003Cstrong>〜限りだ\u003C\u002Fstrong>は\u003Cstrong>心強い限りだ\u003C\u002Fstrong>のようにイ形容詞に付いて、話し手の感慨を述べます。\u003Cstrong>この上ない\u003C\u002Fstrong>は肯定的な名詞にも使いやすく、\u003Cstrong>極まりない／極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>ほど特定の連語に限られません。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>また、\u003Cstrong>極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>には評価の強調ではない、本来の動詞用法もあります。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>表現\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>意味\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>進退窮まる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>進むことも退くこともできなくなる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>資金が尽き、会社は進退窮まった。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>事ここに極まる\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>事態が最後の段階に達する\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>交渉が決裂し、事ここに極まった。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>これらは「危険極まる」のような評価語＋極まるではなく、慣用的な動詞表現として意味を覚えます。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>同じ「きわまる」でも、\u003Cstrong>進退窮まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>では\u003Cstrong>窮まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>と書き、見出しの\u003Cstrong>極まる\u003C\u002Fstrong>とは漢字が異なります。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-7\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">7.\u003C\u002Fspan>強さと文体を管理する\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>使用するときは、次の点を順に確認します。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>前の語が明確な評価を表しているかを見ます。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>その語との組み合わせが実際に定着しているかを確かめます。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>強い断定や非難が場面にふさわしいかを考えます。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>述語にするか名詞を修飾するかに応じて、自然なまとまりを選びます。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>中立的に程度を示すだけなら「非常に」「極めて」に替えます。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>評論、報道、論説、改まった演説では、評価を鮮明にする効果があります。日常会話で多用すると芝居がかった印象になり、対人評価では攻撃性も強くなります。強調の大きさだけでなく、相手との関係と文章全体の調子も考えて選びます。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n",[1493,1497,1501,1505,1509,1513,1517],{"id":1494,"text":1495,"depth":16,"number":1496},"section","二つの形が同じ強意を表す","1",{"id":1498,"text":1499,"depth":16,"number":1500},"section-2","評価を含む語に接続する","2",{"id":1502,"text":1503,"depth":16,"number":1504},"section-3","否定評価が中心だが肯定だけを排除しない","3",{"id":1506,"text":1507,"depth":16,"number":1508},"section-4","述語と連体修飾の傾向をつかむ","4",{"id":1510,"text":1511,"depth":16,"number":1512},"section-5","生産性の限界と不自然な形を知る","5",{"id":1514,"text":1515,"depth":16,"number":1516},"section-6","同じ最高程度を表す形と動詞本来の用法","6",{"id":1518,"text":1519,"depth":16,"number":1520},"section-7","強さと文体を管理する","7"]