[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-ja-o-go-ni-naru-to-sonkeigo":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a09a7b-ec16-7458-894c-afeafec3081f":255,"exercise-list-path-ja-none":271},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":252,"readyImages":254},"01a09a7b-ec16-7458-894c-afeafec3081f","お・ごになると尊敬語","o-go-ni-naru-to-sonkeigo","「お・ごになる」を使い、相手や話題の人物の動作を高める生産的な尊敬語を学びます。「お読みになる」「ご利用になる」の作り方、和語に「お」、漢語に「ご」が多い傾向を確認します。特別な尊敬動詞を優先する場合や、短い動詞・慣用で使いにくい形、話し手自身には用いない視点を整理し、場面に合う敬意を表せるようになります。","**お・ごになる**は、相手や話題の人物の動作を高める尊敬語（そんけいご）です。話し手自身ではなく、敬意を向ける人を主語にします。\n\n## 生産的な基本形\n\n和語の動詞は**お＋連用形（れんようけい）＋になる**、漢語のサ変動詞（さへんどうし）は**ご＋名詞部分＋になる**が基本です。\n\n| 普通の形 | 尊敬語 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 読む | お読みになる |\n| 待つ | お待ちになる |\n| 帰る | お帰りになる |\n| 利用する | ご利用になる |\n| 説明する | ご説明になる |\n\n「ご説明なさる」も一般的です。漢語では**ご利用になる／ご利用なさる**のように、二つの形が使われることがあります。\n\n:::example\n- 部長はこの資料を**お読みになりました**。\n- 先生は何時に**お帰りになりますか**。\n- お客様は会議室を**ご利用になります**。\n:::\n\n## 関連する尊敬表現\n\n**お＋連用形＋です**は、相手の状態や動作を丁寧に言う形です。たとえば、**部長はロビーでお待ちです**、**先生はもうお帰りです**と言います。\n\n動作が続いていることは、**〜ていらっしゃる**や**お〜になっている**で表せます。**先生は今、資料を読んでいらっしゃいます**、**先生は今、資料をお読みになっています**のように言います。\n\n依頼では、**お＋連用形＋ください**を使います。**こちらの資料をお読みください**は相手への依頼であり、相手の動作を述べる**お読みになる**とは文の働きが違います。\n\n## 誰の動作を高めるか\n\n- 敬意を向ける相手の動作に使います。\n- 相手側の家族や担当者の動作にも使えます。\n- 自分や自分側の人の動作には使いません。\n\n社外の相手に自社の人について言うときも、自社側を高めません。×**部長は今お帰りになりました**ではなく、○**部長は帰りました**、または ○**部長は席を外しております**と言います。敬語は、話し手と聞き手の社会的な関係で決まります。\n\n:::warning\n自分の報告として**私はお読みになりました**とは言いません。自分の動作を低める謙譲語（けんじょうご）とは視点が反対です。\n:::\n\n## 「お」と「ご」は傾向で選ぶ\n\n| 接頭辞（せっとうじ） | 多い語種 | 例 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| お | 和語 | お待ちになる、お使いになる |\n| ご | 漢語 | ご確認になる、ご出席になる |\n\n:::note\nこれは絶対的な規則ではありません。慣用（かんよう）として定着した形や例外があるため、実際の表現を辞書で確認します。\n:::\n\n## 特別な尊敬動詞を優先する\n\nよく使う動詞には、独自の尊敬形があります。\n\n| 普通の動詞 | よく使う尊敬語 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 行く・来る・いる | いらっしゃる |\n| 言う | おっしゃる |\n| 見る | ご覧（らん）になる |\n| 食べる・飲む | 召し上がる |\n| する | なさる |\n\n:::tip\n特別な形が定着している動詞では、それを優先すると自然です。たとえば「見る」は**お見になる**より**ご覧になる**が一般的です。\n:::\n\n## 使える形を見極める\n\n連用形が一拍の**見る・寝る・着る・いる・する**や、慣用的に別の尊敬語を使う動詞には、この型が合わないことがあります。\n\n| 動詞 | 避ける形 | 自然な尊敬語 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 見る | お見になる | ご覧になる |\n| 寝る | お寝になる | お休みになる |\n| 着る | お着になる | お召しになる |\n| いる | おいになる | いらっしゃる |\n| する | おしになる | なさる |\n\n## 選び方の手順\n\n1. 敬意を向ける人の動作か確認します。\n2. 特別な尊敬動詞が定着しているか調べます。\n3. 生産的な型を使うなら、語ごとの「お・ご」を確認します。\n4. 最後の「なる」を文の時制に合わせます。\n\n| 判断 | 選ぶ形 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 一般の和語動詞 | **お＋連用形＋になる** |\n| 一般の漢語サ変動詞 | **ご＋名詞部分＋になる** |\n| 特別形が定着した動詞 | **いらっしゃる・おっしゃる**など |\n\n## 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