[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-ko-bieup-bulgyuchik-hwaryong":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a07863-d6fa-7009-9ea0-21e78868dfb2":238,"exercise-list-path-ko-none":267},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":235,"readyImages":237},"01a07863-d6fa-7009-9ea0-21e78868dfb2","'ㅂ' 불규칙 활용","bieup-bulgyuchik-hwaryong","어간이 'ㅂ'으로 끝나는 일부 용언이 모음으로 시작하는 어미 앞에서 '우'나 '오'로 바뀌는 원리를 배워요. 춥다→추워요, 돕다→도와요의 활용 과정과 자음 어미 앞에서 'ㅂ'이 유지되는 형태를 비교하고, 입다처럼 규칙적으로 활용하는 주요 예외도 정확하게 구별해요.","어간이 **ㅂ** 받침으로 끝나는 일부 동사와 형용사는 모음으로 시작하는 어미 앞에서 **ㅂ**이 사라지고 **우** 또는 **오**로 바뀌어요. 이것을 **ㅂ 불규칙 활용**이라고 해요.\n\n이 글을 읽고 나면 다음을 할 수 있어요.\n\n- **춥다 → 추워요**의 변화 과정을 설명해요.\n- **돕다 → 도와요**처럼 특별히 *오*로 바뀌는 말을 알아요.\n- **입다 → 입어요**처럼 규칙적으로 활용하는 말을 구별해요.\n\n## 1. 대부분 ㅂ이 우로 바뀌어요\n\n**-아\u002F어요**처럼 모음으로 시작하는 어미가 붙으면, 대부분의 ㅂ 불규칙 용언은 **ㅂ → 우**로 바뀐 뒤 모음이 줄어들어요.\n\n| 기본형 | 변화 과정 | 해요체 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 춥다 | 춥- → 추우- + -어요 | **추워요** |\n| 덥다 | 덥- → 더우- + -어요 | **더워요** |\n| 어렵다 | 어렵- → 어려우- + -어요 | **어려워요** |\n| 귀엽다 | 귀엽- → 귀여우- + -어요 | **귀여워요** |\n\n:::example\n- 오늘은 날씨가 **추워요**.\n- 여름에는 아주 **더워요**.\n- 이 문제는 조금 **어려워요**.\n- 강아지가 정말 **귀여워요**.\n:::\n\n## 2. 돕다와 곱다는 와요가 돼요\n\n**돕다**와 **곱다**는 **-아\u002F어요** 앞에서 **ㅂ**이 *오*로 바뀌어 **와요**가 됩니다.\n\n| 기본형 | 변화 | 결과 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 돕다 | 돕- + -아요 | **도와요** |\n| 곱다 | 곱- + -아요 | **고와요** |\n\n:::tip\n대부분은 **-워요**, **돕다**와 **곱다**는 **-와요**라고 묶어서 기억하세요.\n:::\n\n## 3. 자음 어미 앞에서는 ㅂ을 유지해요\n\n**-고, -지만, -습니다**처럼 자음으로 시작하는 어미가 붙으면 **ㅂ**이 그대로 남아요.\n\n:::example\n- 날씨가 **춥고** 바람이 불어요.\n- 어렵**지만** 재미있어요.\n- 도와주셔서 **고맙습니다**.\n:::\n\n| 모음 어미 앞 | 자음 어미 앞 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 춥다 → **추워요** | 춥다 → **춥고** |\n| 어렵다 → **어려워요** | 어렵다 → **어렵지만** |\n| 고맙다 → **고마워요** | 고맙다 → **고맙습니다** |\n\n## 4. 과거형도 같은 변화를 해요\n\n해요체를 만든 뒤 과거의 **-ㅆ어요**가 붙는다고 생각하면 쉬워요.\n\n1. 춥다의 **ㅂ**을 **우**로 바꿔요: *추우-*.\n2. **-었어요**를 붙이고 줄여요: **추웠어요**.\n3. 문맥에 맞는 과거 표현을 더해요: *어제는 추웠어요*.\n\n- 어제 날씨가 **더웠어요**.\n- 그 시험은 **어려웠어요**.\n- 친구가 이사를 **도왔어요**.\n\n## 5. 모든 ㅂ 받침이 불규칙은 아니에요\n\n**입다, 잡다, 씹다, 좁다**는 **ㅂ**을 유지하며 규칙적으로 활용해요.\n\n| 기본형 | 올바른 활용 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 입다 | **입어요** |\n| 잡다 | **잡아요** |\n| 씹다 | **씹어요** |\n| 좁다 | **좁아요** |\n\n:::warning\nㅂ 받침만 보고 모두 **-워요**로 바꾸지 마세요. *입워요*가 아니라 **입어요**, *잡와요*가 아니라 **잡아요**예요.\n:::\n\n## 6. 한눈에 정리해요\n\n- 대부분의 ㅂ 불규칙: **ㅂ → 우** → 추워요, 어려워요\n- 특별한 두 말: **돕다 → 도와요**, **곱다 → 고와요**\n- 자음 어미 앞: ㅂ 유지 → 춥고, 어렵지만\n- 규칙 활용: 입어요, 잡아요, 씹어요, 좁아요\n\n먼저 기본형이 ㅂ 불규칙인지 확인하고, 다음 어미가 모음으로 시작하는지 보세요. 두 조건이 맞으면 **ㅂ**을 **우**나 **오**로 바꾸면 됩니다.","ko","A2",46,[13],{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},"01a09c0b-585a-7cfa-8ca4-d2e07eeb4624","기본 불규칙 활용",false,0,10,"2026-09-06T20:23:24+00:00","2026-10-11T12:53:37+00:00",[22],{"id":23,"title":24,"vocabularyListWords":25,"isPublished":40},"01a07865-2aa9-7522-8a30-57b79989066e","ㅂ 불규칙 용언과 규칙 용언",[26,43,57,70,83,96,107,120,132,144,156,167,178,190,201,212,224],{"id":27,"vocabularyWord":28,"displayOrder":41},"01a07865-2aa9-7586-8a30-57b79a2dd45f",{"id":29,"word":30,"frequency":31,"level":32,"language":9,"audioFilePath":33,"partsOfSpeech":34,"audio":40,"audioUrl":42},"01a07864-2209-7a4d-8da5-69ed7797c598","춥다",8,"A1","tts_f0924e78bb3718ab_ko-KR.mp3",[35],{"id":36,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":38,"exampleSentences":39,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-221d-77a0-beea-06c055caadc2","ADJECTIVE","날씨나 공기의 온도가 낮아서 차갑게 느껴지다.","오늘은 바람이 불어서 추워요.",true,1,"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_f0924e78bb3718ab_ko-KR.mp3",{"id":44,"vocabularyWord":45,"displayOrder":56},"01a07865-2aa9-75be-8a30-57b79aca631c",{"id":46,"word":47,"frequency":48,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":49,"partsOfSpeech":50,"audio":40,"audioUrl":55},"01a07864-23c3-7d43-a416-98ecca740ec9","덥다",9,"tts_6947a4c88c3830cf_ko-KR.mp3",[51],{"id":52,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":53,"exampleSentences":54,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-23e7-774a-b488-6f1a51ff951d","기온이 높아 몸이 뜨겁게 느껴지다.","오늘은 날씨가 더워서 창문을 열었어요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_6947a4c88c3830cf_ko-KR.mp3",2,{"id":58,"vocabularyWord":59,"displayOrder":69},"01a07865-2aa9-75e2-8a30-57b79bb0d73e",{"id":60,"word":61,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":62,"partsOfSpeech":63,"audio":40,"audioUrl":68},"01a07864-23c8-78e6-a532-0fa092230cd9","어렵다","tts_ba0d72bc71fb038b_ko-KR.mp3",[64],{"id":65,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":66,"exampleSentences":67,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-23e7-7e1a-b488-6f1a54b42666","이해하거나 해내기가 쉽지 않다.","이 문법 문제는 조금 어려워요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_ba0d72bc71fb038b_ko-KR.mp3",3,{"id":71,"vocabularyWord":72,"displayOrder":82},"01a07865-2aa9-7602-8a30-57b79c40dbe4",{"id":73,"word":74,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":75,"partsOfSpeech":76,"audio":40,"audioUrl":81},"01a07864-2434-7071-8aca-043e1f2b6830","쉽다","tts_6863dfec12236b55_ko-KR.mp3",[77],{"id":78,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":79,"exampleSentences":80,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-2472-77b4-82d6-0a28211967c5","이해하거나 해내는 데 힘이 많이 들지 않다.","이 앱은 사용 방법이 쉬워요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_6863dfec12236b55_ko-KR.mp3",4,{"id":84,"vocabularyWord":85,"displayOrder":95},"01a07865-2aa9-7622-8a30-57b79c61e04b",{"id":86,"word":87,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":88,"partsOfSpeech":89,"audio":40,"audioUrl":94},"01a07864-2352-701b-b3dc-2f9139019608","귀엽다","tts_ed49542b6ddd4fb5_ko-KR.mp3",[90],{"id":91,"partOfSpeech":92,"definition":93,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-235d-7690-94b7-1b465a09f007","VERB","","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_ed49542b6ddd4fb5_ko-KR.mp3",5,{"id":97,"vocabularyWord":98,"displayOrder":106},"01a07865-2aa9-7642-8a30-57b79d2300ab",{"id":99,"word":100,"frequency":18,"level":32,"language":9,"audioFilePath":101,"partsOfSpeech":102,"audio":40,"audioUrl":105},"01a07864-2351-7389-9db9-2d8eaed144dc","고맙다","tts_67f38c2d64789a1e_ko-KR.mp3",[103],{"id":104,"partOfSpeech":92,"definition":93,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-235d-756c-94b7-1b4659c0e8a7","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_67f38c2d64789a1e_ko-KR.mp3",6,{"id":108,"vocabularyWord":109,"displayOrder":119},"01a07865-2aa9-7662-8a30-57b79e13c45b",{"id":110,"word":111,"frequency":48,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":112,"partsOfSpeech":113,"audio":40,"audioUrl":118},"01a07864-23c7-70c6-a743-862423c16a89","돕다","tts_b77cd40db6973368_ko-KR.mp3",[114],{"id":115,"partOfSpeech":92,"definition":116,"exampleSentences":117,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-23e7-7be2-b488-6f1a543fc69a","다른 사람이 일을 잘할 수 있도록 힘을 보태다.","친구가 이사할 때 짐 옮기는 일을 도왔어요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_b77cd40db6973368_ko-KR.mp3",7,{"id":121,"vocabularyWord":122,"displayOrder":31},"01a07865-2aa9-767e-8a30-57b79f0c601e",{"id":123,"word":124,"frequency":106,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":125,"partsOfSpeech":126,"audio":40,"audioUrl":131},"01a07864-23ce-7cfd-afad-fdce82802f1d","곱다","tts_84b3f08d9c4c3c7b_ko-KR.mp3",[127],{"id":128,"partOfSpeech":37,"definition":129,"exampleSentences":130,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-23e8-77a3-a7b1-1cdb391cc000","모양이나 빛깔이 부드럽고 아름답다.","저녁 하늘의 색이 참 고와요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_84b3f08d9c4c3c7b_ko-KR.mp3",{"id":133,"vocabularyWord":134,"displayOrder":48},"01a07865-2aa9-769a-8a30-57b79f1147ea",{"id":135,"word":136,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":137,"partsOfSpeech":138,"audio":40,"audioUrl":143},"01a07864-23d5-7210-aa86-3922d45c1f95","입다","tts_2e6053e19cde4588_ko-KR.mp3",[139],{"id":140,"partOfSpeech":92,"definition":141,"exampleSentences":142,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-23e9-7104-aaaf-bbe0ba96c420","옷을 몸에 걸치거나 끼다.","추워서 두꺼운 외투를 입었어요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_2e6053e19cde4588_ko-KR.mp3",{"id":145,"vocabularyWord":146,"displayOrder":18},"01a07865-2aa9-76ba-8a30-57b79f28453e",{"id":147,"word":148,"frequency":48,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":149,"partsOfSpeech":150,"audio":40,"audioUrl":155},"01a07864-23d6-78c2-a33e-eec0ed23b49d","잡다","tts_18bfa7bdcfd1dfec_ko-KR.mp3",[151],{"id":152,"partOfSpeech":92,"definition":153,"exampleSentences":154,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-23e9-734c-aaaf-bbe0bad1bc20","손으로 물건을 쥐거나 놓치지 않게 붙들다.","버스가 움직일 때 손잡이를 꼭 잡으세요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_18bfa7bdcfd1dfec_ko-KR.mp3",{"id":157,"vocabularyWord":158,"displayOrder":166},"01a07865-2aa9-76d6-8a30-57b79f294c3b",{"id":159,"word":160,"frequency":31,"level":32,"language":9,"audioFilePath":161,"partsOfSpeech":162,"audio":40,"audioUrl":165},"01a07864-23a5-7bab-b4b7-aa0d2da57769","씹다","tts_02ab07321a89dcbe_ko-KR.mp3",[163],{"id":164,"partOfSpeech":92,"definition":93,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-23e4-78d0-9895-60767642cb08","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_02ab07321a89dcbe_ko-KR.mp3",11,{"id":168,"vocabularyWord":169,"displayOrder":177},"01a07865-2aa9-76fe-8a30-57b79fd467f7",{"id":170,"word":171,"frequency":31,"level":32,"language":9,"audioFilePath":172,"partsOfSpeech":173,"audio":40,"audioUrl":176},"01a07864-23af-755a-96d0-bc51e1854c77","좁다","tts_0637e779a90b082b_ko-KR.mp3",[174],{"id":175,"partOfSpeech":92,"definition":93,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-23e5-7849-9e8a-9c4def1dcd0d","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_0637e779a90b082b_ko-KR.mp3",12,{"id":179,"vocabularyWord":180,"displayOrder":189},"01a07865-2aa9-771a-8a30-57b79fe043c8",{"id":181,"word":182,"frequency":18,"level":32,"language":9,"audioFilePath":183,"partsOfSpeech":184,"audio":40,"audioUrl":188},"01a07864-23ce-72d5-afad-fdce81be8d8d","고","tts_b461f7c6355b3fcb_ko-KR.mp3",[185],{"id":186,"partOfSpeech":187,"definition":93,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-23e8-7683-a7b1-1cdb384687e1","PARTICLE","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_b461f7c6355b3fcb_ko-KR.mp3",13,{"id":191,"vocabularyWord":192,"displayOrder":200},"01a07865-2aa9-7736-8a30-57b7a00ab0d9",{"id":193,"word":194,"frequency":18,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":195,"partsOfSpeech":196,"audio":40,"audioUrl":199},"01a07864-21f9-7739-a60e-aaae27bd54fc","지만","tts_2606d2fe3d277003_ko-KR.mp3",[197],{"id":198,"partOfSpeech":187,"definition":93,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-221b-717b-bf05-2038fed24b98","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_2606d2fe3d277003_ko-KR.mp3",14,{"id":202,"vocabularyWord":203,"displayOrder":211},"01a07865-2aa9-7752-8a30-57b7a00b0622",{"id":204,"word":205,"frequency":18,"level":32,"language":9,"audioFilePath":206,"partsOfSpeech":207,"audio":40,"audioUrl":210},"01a07864-244b-7e7c-97ec-9c80ec92243f","습니다","tts_c30dbcfe4e8245d1_ko-KR.mp3",[208],{"id":209,"partOfSpeech":187,"definition":93,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-2475-7055-b0d0-2073f7d69f29","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_c30dbcfe4e8245d1_ko-KR.mp3",15,{"id":213,"vocabularyWord":214,"displayOrder":223},"01a07865-2aa9-776e-8a30-57b7a026deb1",{"id":215,"word":216,"frequency":18,"level":32,"language":9,"audioFilePath":217,"partsOfSpeech":218,"audio":40,"audioUrl":222},"01a07864-21df-707e-9ff2-04c0bfe7a812","아요\u002F어요","tts_6cfb26a8473b5686_ko-KR.mp3",[219],{"id":220,"partOfSpeech":221,"definition":93,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-2217-7819-a609-828f52f90e4d","PHRASE","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_6cfb26a8473b5686_ko-KR.mp3",16,{"id":225,"vocabularyWord":226,"displayOrder":234},"01a07865-2aa9-778a-8a30-57b7a06e3fbd",{"id":227,"word":228,"frequency":18,"level":32,"language":9,"audioFilePath":229,"partsOfSpeech":230,"audio":40,"audioUrl":233},"01a07864-2313-7af9-852b-1caa7eee9526","았어요\u002F었어요","tts_1187cda63edd6ba5_ko-KR.mp3",[231],{"id":232,"partOfSpeech":221,"definition":93,"isPrimary":40,"meaningOrder":41},"01a07864-2357-75f4-bb1d-8b8c75fc47cd","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_1187cda63edd6ba5_ko-KR.mp3",17,{"name":15,"slug":236,"language":9},"basic-irregular-conjugation-a2",[],[239,248,254,261],{"@id":240,"@type":241,"id":242,"grammarPage":243,"title":244,"instructions":245,"displayOrder":17,"type":246,"questionCount":189,"blankCount":189,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":247},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a07863-e11e-7eb7-b7db-0c4ffb5803df","GrammarExercise","01a07863-e11e-7eb7-b7db-0c4ffb5803df","\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_pages\u002F01a07863-d6fa-7009-9ea0-21e78868dfb2","Present forms with 우 and 오","Use the base form and context to choose the correct present-tense form.","word_select","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_a385bc11-f976-41ba-82a7-5a3372745483_hero.webp?v=1788726206",{"@id":249,"@type":241,"id":250,"grammarPage":243,"title":251,"instructions":252,"displayOrder":41,"type":246,"questionCount":189,"blankCount":200,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":253},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a07863-e136-7247-98d1-120c28f35283","01a07863-e136-7247-98d1-120c28f35283","Keeping ㅂ and forming the past tense","Use the ending and time expression to choose the correct form.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_cd6339b2-8f11-4b50-86ca-9bf9ab886a5d_hero.webp?v=1788726206",{"@id":255,"@type":241,"id":256,"grammarPage":243,"title":257,"instructions":258,"displayOrder":56,"type":259,"questionCount":82,"blankCount":17,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":260},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a0e1ac-76d4-74ff-afa2-9454f382bc2d","01a0e1ac-76d4-74ff-afa2-9454f382bc2d","Choosing the right ㅂ conjugation pattern","Tap each tile, then tap its column. Use the conjugation requested in each prompt.","word_sort","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_a9857de0-2761-4a61-8d45-8aa85dedcb19_hero.webp?v=1790492571",{"@id":262,"@type":241,"id":263,"grammarPage":243,"title":264,"instructions":265,"displayOrder":69,"type":259,"questionCount":82,"blankCount":17,"isCompleted":16,"ogImageUrl":266},"\u002Fapi\u002Fgrammar_exercises\u002F01a0e1ac-76da-7819-8105-54558379b068","01a0e1ac-76da-7819-8105-54558379b068","Deciding when the stem keeps ㅂ","Tap each base-form-and-ending tile, then tap the column describing the resulting stem.","\u002Fuploads\u002Fimages\u002Fgpimg_c014f12c-2980-47a1-9376-2bed4adbdad1_hero.webp?v=1790492571",null]