[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-ko-dongsa-wa-hyeongyongsa-ui-seosul":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a07863-d802-7493-b118-bc32fc44783b":276,"exercise-list-path-ko-none":299},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":273,"readyImages":275},"01a07863-d802-7493-b118-bc32fc44783b","동사와 형용사의 서술 기능","dongsa-wa-hyeongyongsa-ui-seosul","한국어 문장에서 동사와 형용사가 서술어가 되는 방법을 익힙니다. 가다와 먹다처럼 행동을 나타내는 동사, 크다와 좋다처럼 상태와 성질을 나타내는 형용사를 구별하고, 명사 뒤에 별도의 말을 더하지 않고 문장을 완성하는 특징과 두 종류의 쓰임을 비교합니다.","한국어 문장은 보통 마지막에 중요한 말을 놓습니다. 행동을 나타내는 **동사**와 상태나 성질을 나타내는 **형용사**는 문장 끝에서 서술어가 될 수 있습니다.\n\n두 종류의 뜻과 문장 모양을 비교하며 짧은 문장을 만들어 봅시다.\n\n## 1. 동사는 행동을 말해요\n\n동사는 사람이나 사물이 무엇을 하는지 나타냅니다.\n\n| 기본형 | 공손한 형태 | 행동의 예 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 가다 | **가요** | 학교에 가요. |\n| 먹다 | **먹어요** | 빵을 먹어요. |\n| 읽다 | **읽어요** | 책을 읽어요. |\n| 자다 | **자요** | 아기가 자요. |\n\n동사가 있는 기본 문장은 다음 순서로 만들 수 있습니다.\n\n- **누가 + 가요**: 민수가 가요.\n- **누가 + 무엇을 + 먹어요**: 수지가 사과를 먹어요.\n- **누가 + 어디에서 + 공부해요**: 학생이 도서관에서 공부해요.\n\n:::example\n**유나가 커피를 마셔요.**\n\n**유나가**는 행동을 하는 사람이고, **커피를**은 행동의 대상이며, **마셔요**는 행동을 말하는 동사 서술어입니다.\n:::\n\n## 2. 형용사는 상태와 성질을 말해요\n\n한국어 형용사는 사람이나 사물이 어떠한지 나타냅니다. 형용사도 문장 끝에서 바로 서술어가 됩니다.\n\n| 기본형 | 공손한 형태 | 상태의 예 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 크다 | **커요** | 방이 커요. |\n| 작다 | **작아요** | 가방이 작아요. |\n| 좋다 | **좋아요** | 날씨가 좋아요. |\n| 춥다 | **추워요** | 오늘은 추워요. |\n\n:::note\n한국어에서는 형용사 뒤에 별도의 *이다*를 붙이지 않습니다. **방이 커요**만으로 크다는 상태를 완전하게 말할 수 있습니다.\n:::\n\n## 3. 행동인지 상태인지 확인하기\n\n같은 문장 자리에도 동사와 형용사가 올 수 있습니다. 뜻을 보고 어떤 종류인지 판단하세요.\n\n| 묻는 내용 | 동사 문장 | 형용사 문장 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 무엇을 해요? | 민수가 **달려요**. | — |\n| 어때요? | — | 길이 **길어요**. |\n| 지금 무엇을 해요? | 아이가 **웃어요**. | — |\n| 상태가 어때요? | — | 아이가 **피곤해요**. |\n\n1. 움직임이나 행동을 말하면 동사를 고릅니다.\n2. 크기, 느낌, 상태, 성질을 말하면 형용사를 고릅니다.\n3. 고른 용언을 문장 마지막에 놓습니다.\n4. 대화에서는 **-아요\u002F어요** 형태로 공손하게 말합니다.\n\n:::tip\n기본형에 “무엇을 하다?”라는 질문이 잘 맞으면 동사일 가능성이 큽니다. “어떠하다?”라는 질문이 잘 맞으면 형용사일 가능성이 큽니다.\n:::\n\n## 4. 두 서술어로 대답하기\n\n동사와 형용사는 질문에 대답할 때도 문장의 중심이 됩니다.\n\n:::example\n**가:** 지금 뭐 해요?\n\n**나:** 책을 **읽어요**.\n\n**가:** 책이 어때요?\n\n**나:** 아주 **재미있어요**.\n:::\n\n- **뭐 해요?**에는 주로 동사로 대답합니다.\n- **어때요?**에는 주로 형용사로 대답합니다.\n- 동사는 행동, 형용사는 상태를 완성해 줍니다.\n\n:::warning\n✗ 날씨가 **추워예요**.\n\n✓ 날씨가 **추워요**.\n\n형용사 **춥다**가 이미 서술어이므로 뒤에 **예요**를 더하지 않습니다.\n:::\n\n## 5. 문장 끝 확인하기\n\n| 확인할 것 | 동사 | 형용사 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 나타내는 뜻 | 행동이나 움직임 | 상태나 성질 |\n| 기본형 | 가다, 먹다 | 크다, 좋다 |\n| 공손한 서술 | 가요, 먹어요 | 커요, 좋아요 |\n| 자주 묻는 질문 | 뭐 해요? | 어때요? |\n\n문장을 만들 때 **행동인지 상태인지** 먼저 생각하세요. 알맞은 동사나 형용사를 골라 문장 끝에 놓으면 기본 서술문이 완성됩니다.","ko","A1",27,[13],{"id":14,"name":15,"level":10,"language":9,"isCompleted":16,"completionPercentage":17,"totalExercises":18,"completedExercises":17},"01a09c0b-5844-709a-9116-6ccdb96e374f","용언과 기본 활용",false,0,18,"2026-09-06T20:23:24+00:00","2026-10-11T12:53:37+00:00",[22],{"id":23,"title":24,"vocabularyListWords":25,"isPublished":39},"01a07865-2b74-70db-9699-72abc6744a59","기본 동사와 형용사",[26,42,55,69,82,95,108,122,135,147,159,171,182,193,204,215,228,240,250,262],{"id":27,"vocabularyWord":28,"displayOrder":40},"01a07865-2b74-7153-9699-72abc7308d07",{"id":29,"word":30,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":32,"partsOfSpeech":33,"audio":39,"audioUrl":41},"01a07864-2271-7f3e-88c7-603ebc142616","가다",10,"tts_139dac018d2807c3_ko-KR.mp3",[34],{"id":35,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":37,"exampleSentences":38,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b5-7906-a1b1-56fdea275f9d","VERB","어떤 곳을 향해 이동하다.","저는 매일 아침 학교에 가요.",true,1,"\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_139dac018d2807c3_ko-KR.mp3",{"id":43,"vocabularyWord":44,"displayOrder":54},"01a07865-2b74-719b-9699-72abc7e60c85",{"id":45,"word":46,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":47,"partsOfSpeech":48,"audio":39,"audioUrl":53},"01a07864-2296-7390-b8a6-163e21b5b241","먹다","tts_01eb3322b7dba388_ko-KR.mp3",[49],{"id":50,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":51,"exampleSentences":52,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b9-704e-8749-6fc5de58f044","음식이나 약을 입에 넣어 삼키다.","저는 아침에 빵을 먹어요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_01eb3322b7dba388_ko-KR.mp3",2,{"id":56,"vocabularyWord":57,"displayOrder":68},"01a07865-2b74-71df-9699-72abc7fa7400",{"id":58,"word":59,"frequency":60,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":61,"partsOfSpeech":62,"audio":39,"audioUrl":67},"01a07864-2280-7320-a716-4c1ca2b9fc18","읽다",9,"tts_62263be792768fb7_ko-KR.mp3",[63],{"id":64,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":65,"exampleSentences":66,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b6-7d42-b5cd-01edf893c021","글이나 책에 적힌 내용을 보다.","저는 저녁마다 책을 읽어요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_62263be792768fb7_ko-KR.mp3",3,{"id":70,"vocabularyWord":71,"displayOrder":81},"01a07865-2b74-721b-9699-72abc8cddbb9",{"id":72,"word":73,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":74,"partsOfSpeech":75,"audio":39,"audioUrl":80},"01a07864-2285-72f7-a8e1-f7226ddb06bd","자다","tts_c468b260657dc839_ko-KR.mp3",[76],{"id":77,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":78,"exampleSentences":79,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b7-74de-a971-30ad3950b5f3","눈을 감고 잠을 이루다.","아기는 밤 아홉 시에 자요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_c468b260657dc839_ko-KR.mp3",4,{"id":83,"vocabularyWord":84,"displayOrder":94},"01a07865-2b74-726f-9699-72abc9866b6d",{"id":85,"word":86,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":87,"partsOfSpeech":88,"audio":39,"audioUrl":93},"01a07864-229e-78af-add7-76fa4182d149","오다","tts_6053d346ffb8f581_ko-KR.mp3",[89],{"id":90,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":91,"exampleSentences":92,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b9-7e32-8749-6fc5e3729f5d","말하는 사람이 있는 곳이나 어떤 기준점으로 이동하다.","친구가 오늘 우리 집에 와요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_6053d346ffb8f581_ko-KR.mp3",5,{"id":96,"vocabularyWord":97,"displayOrder":107},"01a07865-2b74-72af-9699-72abca3a47d0",{"id":98,"word":99,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":100,"partsOfSpeech":101,"audio":39,"audioUrl":106},"01a07864-2294-7c27-bf06-9b8e07bfd8a2","마시다","tts_598ba055f59aa195_ko-KR.mp3",[102],{"id":103,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":104,"exampleSentences":105,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b8-7da4-b04a-d6983c7d9288","물이나 음료를 입으로 삼키다.","아침마다 물을 한 잔 마셔요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_598ba055f59aa195_ko-KR.mp3",6,{"id":109,"vocabularyWord":110,"displayOrder":121},"01a07865-2b74-72ef-9699-72abcad93d78",{"id":111,"word":112,"frequency":60,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":113,"partsOfSpeech":114,"audio":39,"audioUrl":120},"01a07864-2290-7746-8aa2-36a1a9faeaca","크다","tts_452ea75d67313e5b_ko-KR.mp3",[115],{"id":116,"partOfSpeech":117,"definition":118,"exampleSentences":119,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b8-76e0-b04a-d6983a6b72ad","ADJECTIVE","크기나 규모가 보통보다 많거나 넓다.","우리 집 거실은 아주 커요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_452ea75d67313e5b_ko-KR.mp3",7,{"id":123,"vocabularyWord":124,"displayOrder":134},"01a07865-2b74-732b-9699-72abcbad94a6",{"id":125,"word":126,"frequency":60,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":127,"partsOfSpeech":128,"audio":39,"audioUrl":133},"01a07864-2285-7f9f-a8e1-f7226e663b6f","작다","tts_66655b0f8ac748fa_ko-KR.mp3",[129],{"id":130,"partOfSpeech":117,"definition":131,"exampleSentences":132,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b7-762a-a971-30ad39d1d36d","크기나 규모가 보통보다 적거나 좁다.","이 가방은 작아서 가벼워요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_66655b0f8ac748fa_ko-KR.mp3",8,{"id":136,"vocabularyWord":137,"displayOrder":60},"01a07865-2b74-736b-9699-72abcc6f53d8",{"id":138,"word":139,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":140,"partsOfSpeech":141,"audio":39,"audioUrl":146},"01a07864-228d-781e-92a6-4711a3f6b5a6","좋다","tts_3bdd51757a73ba6d_ko-KR.mp3",[142],{"id":143,"partOfSpeech":117,"definition":144,"exampleSentences":145,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b8-7244-b04a-d6983842a1c3","마음에 들거나 상태가 만족스럽다.","오늘 날씨가 좋아서 산책하고 싶어요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_3bdd51757a73ba6d_ko-KR.mp3",{"id":148,"vocabularyWord":149,"displayOrder":31},"01a07865-2b74-73ab-9699-72abcc91f5e0",{"id":150,"word":151,"frequency":134,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":152,"partsOfSpeech":153,"audio":39,"audioUrl":158},"01a07864-2209-7a4d-8da5-69ed7797c598","춥다","tts_f0924e78bb3718ab_ko-KR.mp3",[154],{"id":155,"partOfSpeech":117,"definition":156,"exampleSentences":157,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-221d-77a0-beea-06c055caadc2","날씨나 공기의 온도가 낮아서 차갑게 느껴지다.","오늘은 바람이 불어서 추워요.","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_f0924e78bb3718ab_ko-KR.mp3",{"id":160,"vocabularyWord":161,"displayOrder":170},"01a07865-2b74-73eb-9699-72abcd69b0d3",{"id":162,"word":163,"frequency":134,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":164,"partsOfSpeech":165,"audio":39,"audioUrl":169},"01a07864-21c7-70a5-8221-94aede30ec29","달리다","tts_1fd7f1b0d3d068a9_ko-KR.mp3",[166],{"id":167,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":168,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-2214-70f8-9833-20a20538dfe3","","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_1fd7f1b0d3d068a9_ko-KR.mp3",11,{"id":172,"vocabularyWord":173,"displayOrder":181},"01a07865-2b74-7427-9699-72abcdbb1dbb",{"id":174,"word":175,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":176,"partsOfSpeech":177,"audio":39,"audioUrl":180},"01a07864-21c1-7513-a105-af70ccb0ea81","길다","tts_ee589f4c679d116f_ko-KR.mp3",[178],{"id":179,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":168,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-2213-72b4-9481-396543d09ddc","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_ee589f4c679d116f_ko-KR.mp3",12,{"id":183,"vocabularyWord":184,"displayOrder":192},"01a07865-2b74-7467-9699-72abce0e33f9",{"id":185,"word":186,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":187,"partsOfSpeech":188,"audio":39,"audioUrl":191},"01a07864-21ec-7996-a7bd-44903146f506","웃다","tts_b3a559e3edc212a1_ko-KR.mp3",[189],{"id":190,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":168,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-2219-7560-9a17-9bab2df7cb0f","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_b3a559e3edc212a1_ko-KR.mp3",13,{"id":194,"vocabularyWord":195,"displayOrder":203},"01a07865-2b74-74bf-9699-72abce7dda84",{"id":196,"word":197,"frequency":134,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":198,"partsOfSpeech":199,"audio":39,"audioUrl":202},"01a07864-21fe-7097-8894-48400c977b53","피곤하다","tts_3d585e4eb33a4da6_ko-KR.mp3",[200],{"id":201,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":168,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-221b-7c2f-bf05-203901b5a2bd","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_3d585e4eb33a4da6_ko-KR.mp3",14,{"id":205,"vocabularyWord":206,"displayOrder":214},"01a07865-2b74-74eb-9699-72abcf151a34",{"id":207,"word":208,"frequency":134,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":209,"partsOfSpeech":210,"audio":39,"audioUrl":213},"01a07864-21f3-794f-8b02-3c7eab20d8fc","재미있다","tts_f0a642ff0a61e585_ko-KR.mp3",[211],{"id":212,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":168,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-221a-7527-82c9-548e45a3aff3","\u002Fuploads\u002Faudio\u002Ftts_f0a642ff0a61e585_ko-KR.mp3",15,{"id":216,"vocabularyWord":217,"displayOrder":227},"01a07865-2b74-750b-9699-72abcfe3ec39",{"id":218,"word":219,"frequency":31,"level":10,"language":9,"audioFilePath":220,"partsOfSpeech":221,"audio":39,"audioUrl":226},"01a07864-2275-7f28-86bc-f0e70501519c","공부하다","tts_920e25f8535fa501_ko-KR.mp3",[222],{"id":223,"partOfSpeech":36,"definition":224,"exampleSentences":225,"isPrimary":39,"meaningOrder":40},"01a07864-22b5-7ec6-a1b1-56fdecd955a2","지식이나 기술을 배우기 위해 읽고 연습하다.","시험이 있어서 저녁마다 도서관에서 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