[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-sv-preteritum-av-vanliga-oregelbundna-verb":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a0e1ac-c7b1-7582-a021-bc958bbc7c45":193,"exercise-list-path-sv-none":234},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":190,"readyImages":192},"01a0e1ac-c7b1-7582-a021-bc958bbc7c45","Preteritum av vanliga oregelbundna verb","preteritum-av-vanliga-oregelbundna-verb","Lär dig preteritum av vanliga oregelbundna verb som var, hade, gick och fick. Se formerna i tabeller och använd dem för att berätta om det som hände förut.","## 1. Berätta om det som hände förut\n\nMed **preteritum** berättar du om det som hände förut, till exempel i går eller förra veckan. Många vanliga verb har oregelbundna former: **är → var**, **går → gick**. Här får du lära dig formerna och använda dem i korta meningar om dåtid.\n\n:::example\nI dag **är** jag hemma. I går **var** jag på jobbet.\n\nI dag **går** jag till skolan. I går **gick** jag till skolan.\n:::\n\n## 2. Lär dig formerna tillsammans\n\nDu kan inte bilda de här verbens preteritum genom att bara lägga till **-de** eller **-te**. Lär dig därför varje form tillsammans med verbet. Infinitiv är formen som du kan använda efter *att*, till exempel *att vara*.\n\n| Infinitiv | Presens – nu | Preteritum – förut |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| vara | är | **var** |\n| ha | har | **hade** |\n| gå | går | **gick** |\n| komma | kommer | **kom** |\n| få | får | **fick** |\n| göra | gör | **gjorde** |\n| säga | säger | **sa \u002F sade** |\n| se | ser | **såg** |\n| ta | tar | **tog** |\n| ge | ger | **gav** |\n\n:::example\nJag **hade** ont i huvudet i går.\n\nBussen **kom** klockan åtta.\n\nVi **fick** ett brev från skolan.\n\nVad **gjorde** du i lördags?\n\nHon **sa** att maten var god.\n:::\n\n:::note\n**Sa** och **sade** är båda korrekta former i skrift. I tal använder vi oftast **sa**. Du kan använda båda när du skriver.\n:::\n\n## 3. Fler vanliga former\n\nI många verb ändras vokalen, till exempel **dricker → drack**. Lägg märke till förändringen, men lär dig hela formen: alla verb ändras inte på samma sätt.\n\n| Infinitiv | Presens – nu | Preteritum – förut |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| äta | äter | **åt** |\n| dricka | dricker | **drack** |\n| sova | sover | **sov** |\n| skriva | skriver | **skrev** |\n| sitta | sitter | **satt** |\n| ligga | ligger | **låg** |\n| stå | står | **stod** |\n| bli | blir | **blev** |\n\n:::example\nTill frukost **åt** jag en smörgås och **drack** te.\n\nBarnet **sov** hela natten.\n\nVi **satt** i köket och **skrev** en lista.\n\nNycklarna **låg** på bordet.\n\nAmir **stod** vid dörren.\n\nJag **blev** glad när du ringde.\n:::\n\n:::tip\nÖva med korta par: **äter – åt**, **sover – sov**, **ser – såg**. Skriv sedan en egen mening med varje preteritumform.\n:::\n\n## 4. Samma form för alla personer\n\nPreteritumformen ändras inte med personen. Du använder samma form med **jag**, **du**, **han**, **hon**, **vi**, **ni** och **de**.\n\n- Jag **gick** hem.\n- Hon **gick** hem.\n- Vi **gick** hem.\n- De **gick** hem.\n\nDu kan börja en mening med personen eller med ett tidsuttryck. När tidsuttrycket står först kommer verbet före personen.\n\n| Börja med personen | Börja med tiden |\n| --- | --- |\n| Jag **såg** en film i går. | I går **såg** jag en film. |\n| Vi **åt** fisk i fredags. | I fredags **åt** vi fisk. |\n\nI en fråga utan frågeord står verbet först. I en vanlig påståendemening står **inte** efter verbet.\n\n:::example\n**Såg** du filmen i går?\n\nNej, jag **såg inte** filmen. Jag **var** på jobbet.\n:::\n\n## 5. Undvik vanliga fel\n\nAnvänd den särskilda preteritumformen. Lägg inte till en regelbunden ändelse på verbet.\n\n:::warning\n✗ Jag *gådde* hem i går.\n\n✓ Jag **gick** hem i går.\n\n✗ Vi *görde* maten tillsammans.\n\n✓ Vi **gjorde** maten tillsammans.\n\n✗ Hon *drickte* te till frukost.\n\n✓ Hon **drack** te till frukost.\n:::\n\nNågra former ser nästan likadana ut. Kontrollera stavningen: **kommer → kom** har ett **m** i preteritum, men **sitter → satt** har två **t**.\n\n## 6. Kom ihåg formerna i en mening\n\nNär du vill berätta om något som hände förut:\n\n1. Välj verbet du behöver, till exempel **gå**.\n2. Använd preteritumformen: **gick**.\n3. Sätt formen i en mening: I går **gick** jag hem tidigt.\n\nKom ihåg: **är → var**, **har → hade**, **går → gick** och **gör → gjorde**. Formen är densamma för alla personer. 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