[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-tr-fiil-koku-ve-mastar-bicimi":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a0e1ad-4d2e-7213-b612-5b2350a10893":183,"exercise-list-path-tr-none":212},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":180,"readyImages":182},"01a0e1ad-4d2e-7213-b612-5b2350a10893","Fiil kökü ve mastar biçimi","fiil-koku-ve-mastar-bicimi","Fiil kökünü ve -mak, -mek mastar eklerini tanı; son ünlüye göre doğru eki seç, temel fiillerin sözlük biçimlerini ve kısa cümlelerde kullanımını öğren.","## 1. Fiilin adı: mastar\n\n**Gelmek, okumak, yazmak** birer fiildir. Fiilleri sözlükte genellikle bu biçimde bulursun. Bu biçimin adı **mastar**dır. Mastar, bir işin veya hareketin adını söyler; kişi ve zaman belirtmez.\n\nBu sayfada fiil kökünü tanıyabilir, **-mak** ve **-mek** arasında seçim yapabilir ve temel fiillerin mastar biçimini yazabilirsin.\n\n:::example\n- **Okumak** güzel.\n- **Yüzmek** istiyorum.\n- **Yürümek** istiyorum.\n\nBu cümlelerde **okumak, yüzmek, yürümek** mastar biçimleridir.\n:::\n\n## 2. Fiil kökü ve mastar eki\n\nFiilin ek almamış en küçük anlamlı parçasına **fiil kökü** denir. Örneğin **yaz-**, bir fiil köküdür. **-mak** mastar ekidir:\n\n**yaz- + -mak → yazmak**\n\nBu basit fiillerde mastar ekini çıkar ve kökü bul:\n\n| Mastar biçimi | Mastar eki | Fiil kökü |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| almak | -mak | **al-** |\n| bakmak | -mak | **bak-** |\n| gelmek | -mek | **gel-** |\n| okumak | -mak | **oku-** |\n| yürümek | -mek | **yürü-** |\n\n:::note\nKökleri burada **al-**, **gel-** gibi kısa çizgiyle gösteriyoruz. Kısa çizgi, açıklama içindir. Normal yazıda mastara çizgi koyma: **almak**, **gelmek**.\n\nHer fiilde mastar ekini çıkarmak kökü bulmak için yeterli değildir. Örneğin **temizlemek** fiilinde **temizle-**, ek almış bir biçimdir; buna *gövde* denir. Burada basit fiil kökleriyle çalışıyoruz.\n:::\n\n## 3. Son ünlüye göre -mak veya -mek\n\nMastar ekinin iki biçimi vardır: **-mak** ve **-mek**. Seçim için kökteki **son ünlüye** bak. Ünlüler şunlardır: **a, e, ı, i, o, ö, u, ü**.\n\n- Son ünlü **a, ı, o, u** ise **-mak** kullan.\n- Son ünlü **e, i, ö, ü** ise **-mek** kullan.\n\n| Son ünlü | Fiil kökü | Mastar biçimi |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| a | yap- | yap**mak** |\n| ı | kır- | kır**mak** |\n| o | koş- | koş**mak** |\n| u | bul- | bul**mak** |\n| e | gel- | gel**mek** |\n| i | iç- | iç**mek** |\n| ö | gör- | gör**mek** |\n| ü | gül- | gül**mek** |\n\n:::tip\nKökte birden fazla ünlü varsa **son ünlüyü** kontrol et: **yürü-** → son ünlü **ü** → **yürümek**.\n:::\n\n## 4. Mastarı doğru yaz\n\nMastar ekini köke **bitişik** yaz. Bu örneklerde kökün son harfini değiştirme veya çıkarma.\n\n:::example\n- **oku- + -mak → okumak**\n- **ye- + -mek → yemek**\n- **de- + -mek → demek**\n:::\n\n:::warning\n✗ gelmak → ✓ **gelmek**: Son ünlü **e**, bu yüzden ek **-mek**.\n\n✗ okumek → ✓ **okumak**: Son ünlü **u**, bu yüzden ek **-mak**.\n\n✗ yaz mak → ✓ **yazmak**: Ek bitişik yazılır.\n:::\n\n## 5. Kısa kontrol\n\nBir fiil kökünden mastar yapmak için:\n\n1. Kökün son ünlüsünü bul.\n2. **-mak** veya **-mek** seç.\n3. Eki köke bitişik yaz.\n\n**bak- → bakmak**, **gel- → gelmek**.\n\nMastar, fiilin adıdır. 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