[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-tr-kibar-rica-ve-izin-isteme":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a0e1ad-4e91-7292-934c-8f7267169999":304,"exercise-list-path-tr-none":334},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":301,"readyImages":303},"01a0e1ad-4e91-7292-934c-8f7267169999","Kibar rica ve izin isteme","kibar-rica-ve-izin-isteme","Türkçede kibar rica ve izin istemek için -abilir misin, -abilir misiniz ve -abilir miyim kalıplarını, soru ekinin yazımını ve kısa cevapları öğren.","Birinden yardım isterken **Açar mısın?** veya **Açabilir misin?** diyebilirsin. Kendin bir şey yapmak için izin isterken **Açabilir miyim?** dersin. Bu kalıplarla kibarca rica edebilir, izin isteyebilir ve kısa cevaplar verebilirsin.\n\n## 1. Rica mı, izin mi?\n\n**Rica ederken** bir işi başka birinden yapmasını istersin. **İzin isterken** işi sen yapmak istersin.\n\n| Amaç | Örnek | İşi kim yapacak? |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Rica | Pencereyi **açabilir misin?** | Konuştuğun kişi |\n| İzin isteme | Pencereyi **açabilir miyim?** | Sen |\n\n:::example\nOda çok sıcak. Arkadaşın pencerenin yanında:\n\n— Pencereyi **açabilir misin?**\n— Tabii.\n\nOtobüstesin. Pencereyi açmak istiyorsun. Yanındaki kişiye soruyorsun:\n\n— Pencereyi **açabilir miyim?**\n— Tabii, açabilirsin.\n:::\n\n## 2. Kibar rica kalıpları\n\nTanıdığın bir kişiye **-abilir misin \u002F -ebilir misin** ile rica edebilirsin. Tanımadığın bir kişiye veya birden fazla kişiye **-abilir misiniz \u002F -ebilir misiniz** kullanabilirsin.\n\n| Kime söylüyorsun? | Örnek |\n| --- | --- |\n| Arkadaşına | Bana yardım **edebilir misin?** |\n| Tanımadığın birine | Bana yardım **edebilir misiniz?** |\n| Birkaç arkadaşına | Biraz sessiz **olabilir misiniz?** |\n\n**Lütfen**, ricayı daha kibar yapmaya yardımcı olur. Cümlenin başında veya sonunda kullanılabilir.\n\n- **Lütfen** kapıyı kapatabilir misin?\n- Biraz yavaş konuşabilir misiniz, **lütfen**?\n\n:::note\n**Kapıyı kapatır mısın?** da doğal bir ricadır. **Kapıyı kapatabilir misin?** genellikle daha yumuşak bir ricadır. Kibar konuşmak için ses tonun da önemlidir.\n:::\n\n## 3. Kalıpların yapısı\n\nFiilden **-mak \u002F -mek** ekini çıkar. Kalan bölümün son ünlüsüne göre **-abilir** veya **-ebilir** kullan.\n\n| Son ünlü | Ek | Örnek |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| a, ı, o, u | **-abilir** | açmak → açabilir; konuşmak → konuşabilir |\n| e, i, ö, ü | **-ebilir** | gelmek → gelebilir; görmek → görebilir |\n\nFiilin bu bölümü ünlüyle bitiyorsa araya **y** girer: **-yabilir \u002F -yebilir**.\n\n- aramak → ara + yabilir → **arayabilir**\n- beklemek → bekle + yebilir → **bekleyebilir**\n\nSonra amacına uygun soru biçimini ekle:\n\n| Amaç | Yapı | Örnek |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Bir kişiden rica | Fiil + -abilir\u002F-ebilir + **misin** | Bekleyebilir misin? |\n| Kibar veya çoğul rica | Fiil + -abilir\u002F-ebilir + **misiniz** | Bekleyebilir misiniz? |\n| Kendin için izin | Fiil + -abilir\u002F-ebilir + **miyim** | Bekleyebilir miyim? |\n| Kendin ve başkaları için izin | Fiil + -abilir\u002F-ebilir + **miyiz** | Bekleyebilir miyiz? |\n\n:::tip\nBu kalıplarda soru eki **mi** olur; çünkü önceki bölümün son ünlüsü **i**'dir. Fiilden ayrı yaz: **alabilir misin**, **gelebilir miyim**. Kişi bölümü soru ekine bitişir.\n:::\n\n## 4. Günlük hayatta izin isteme\n\n**-abilir miyim \u002F -ebilir miyim** ile kendin için izin iste. Bir grup adına izin isterken **-abilir miyiz \u002F -ebilir miyiz** kullan.\n\n:::example\n**Sınıfta:**\n— Bir soru **sorabilir miyim?**\n— Tabii, sorabilirsin.\n\n**Bir arkadaşının evinde:**\n— Telefonunu **kullanabilir miyim?**\n— Tabii, kullanabilirsin.\n\n**Müzede, arkadaşlarınla birlikte:**\n— Burada fotoğraf **çekebilir miyiz?**\n— Üzgünüm, burada fotoğraf çekmek yasak.\n:::\n\n**-abilir \u002F -ebilir** her zaman rica veya izin anlamı taşımaz. **Yüzebilir misin?** sorusu, bir kişinin yüzme becerisini de sorabilir. Anlamı konuşmanın konusu belirler.\n\n## 5. Kabul etme ve geri çevirme\n\nCevabın kısa olabilir. Olumsuz cevap verirken kısa bir neden söylemek daha kibar olur.\n\n| Durum | Soru | Cevap |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Ricayı kabul etme | Çantamı tutabilir misin? | Tabii. \u002F Elbette. |\n| Ricayı geri çevirme | Beni istasyona götürebilir misin? | Üzgünüm, şu an arabam yok. |\n| İzin verme | Buraya oturabilir miyim? | Tabii, oturabilirsin. \u002F Buyur. |\n| İzin vermeme | Buraya oturabilir miyim? | Üzgünüm, bu yer dolu. |\n\n## 6. Karıştırma: misin ve miyim\n\n:::warning\n**Kalemini alabilir misin?** bir ricadır: Karşındaki kişiden kendi kalemini almasını istersin.\n\n**Kalemini alabilir miyim?** bir izin sorusudur: Onun kalemini sen almak istersin.\n\nİki cümle de doğrudur, ama anlamları farklıdır.\n:::\n\nKonuşmadan önce şu üç noktayı kontrol et:\n\n1. İşi başka biri yapacaksa **misin \u002F misiniz** kullan.\n2. İşi sen yapacaksan **miyim**, grubunla yapacaksan **miyiz** kullan.\n3. 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