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1. 动作和结果有什么不同\n\n“找”说的是动作；“找到”说明有了结果：现在知道东西在哪里了。\n\n:::example\n我找了钥匙，但是没**找到**。\n\n“找了”说明做过这个动作，“没找到”说明没有想要的结果。\n\n我**找到**钥匙了！在桌子下面。\n\n“找到”说明这次有了结果。\n:::\n\n同样，“听了”不一定是“听见了”，“吃了”也不一定是“吃完了”。\n\n## 2. 四个补语的基本意思\n\n| 补语 | 基本意思 | 常用搭配 | 例句 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **完** | 动作完成，没有剩下 | 吃完、看完、写完 | 我看完了这本书。 |\n| **好** | 做完了，而且可以用了，或准备好了 | 做好、准备好、写好 | 我准备好了明天上课要用的东西。 |\n| **到** | 得到想要的结果 | 找到、买到、收到 | 我买到了明天的火车票。 |\n| **见** | 眼睛看到了，或耳朵听到了 | 看见、听见 | 我听见了你的声音。 |\n\n这些补语要和合适的动词一起用，不能随便换。\n\n- 说书已经全部看过，用**看完**。\n- 说饭已经可以吃了，用**做好**。\n- 说要买的票已经买了，用**买到**。\n- 说声音进了耳朵，用**听见**。\n\n## 3. 补语、宾语和了的位置\n\n基本结构是：**主语＋动词＋结果补语＋宾语**。宾语是动作说到的人或东西，例如“这本书”“火车票”。\n\n表示已经有了结果时，常用下面两种形式：\n\n| 形式 | 例句 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 主语＋动词＋结果补语＋了＋宾语 | 我**看完了这本书**。 |\n| 主语＋动词＋结果补语＋宾语＋了 | 我**看完这本书了**。 |\n\n这两个例句都可以说明书已经看完。第二句也常用来告诉别人现在的情况。\n\n前面已经说清楚是什么东西时，可以不说宾语。\n\n:::example\n甲：饭做好了吗？\n\n乙：**做好了**，来吃吧。\n:::\n\n:::warning\n动词和结果补语要放在一起，中间不加“得”，也不放“了”。\n\n✓ 我**写完了**作业。\n\n✗ 我写了完作业。\n\n✓ 我**听见了**你的声音。\n\n✗ 我听得见了你的声音。（这里要说的是刚才听到了声音。）\n:::\n\n结果补语不一定都带“了”。请别人先完成一件事时，也可以说：\n\n:::example\n请先**吃完**早饭，再出门。\n:::\n\n## 4. 完和好、到和见怎么选\n\n**完**主要说明“全部完成”；**好**还常常说明“已经准备好了，可以用了”。\n\n:::example\n我**写完**了这封信。\n\n重点是：信已经全部写完，不用再接着写。\n\n我**写好**了这封信，现在可以寄了。\n\n重点是：信已经准备好了。\n:::\n\n两个句子有时说的是同一件事，只是重点不同。“写好”不一定表示字写得很漂亮。\n\n**到**可以和很多动词搭配，如“找到、买到、收到”。**见**常用在“看见、听见”里。\n\n:::example\n我在门口**看见**了小王。\n\n我在门口**看到**了小王。\n\n这两个句子的意思基本一样。\n:::\n\n:::note\n“听见”和“听到”也常常都可以用，例如“我听见了铃声”和“我听到了铃声”。不要把“到”和“见”看成完全不同的两种结果。\n:::\n\n## 5. 没有结果怎么说，怎样提问\n\n说一个结果还没有发生，用**没／没有＋动词＋结果补语**。表示动作完成的“了”要去掉。\n\n| 肯定 | 否定 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 我看完了这本书。 | 我还**没看完**这本书。 |\n| 饭做好了。 | 饭还**没做好**。 |\n| 我找到了钥匙。 | 我**没有找到**钥匙。 |\n| 我听见了铃声。 | 我**没听见**铃声。 |\n\n“没找到”不等于“没找”：可能已经找过，只是没有找到。“没听见”也不等于没有认真听。\n\n问结果有没有发生，可以用**……了吗？**或**……了没有？**\n\n:::example\n甲：你找到钥匙**了吗**？\n\n乙：找到了。／还没找到。\n\n甲：你看完这本书**了没有**？\n\n乙：看完了。／还没看完。\n:::\n\n## 6. 用之前检查三件事\n\n1. **想说什么结果？** 全部完成用“完”；做好、准备好用“好”；得到结果常用“到”；看到或听到常用“见”。\n2. **位置对不对？** 动词和补语放在一起，宾语放在后面，如“买到票”。\n3. **结果发生了吗？** 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id=\"section\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1.\u003C\u002Fspan>动作和结果有什么不同\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>“找”说的是动作；“找到”说明有了结果：现在知道东西在哪里了。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>我找了钥匙，但是没\u003Cstrong>找到\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>“找了”说明做过这个动作，“没找到”说明没有想要的结果。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>我\u003Cstrong>找到\u003C\u002Fstrong>钥匙了！在桌子下面。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>“找到”说明这次有了结果。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>同样，“听了”不一定是“听见了”，“吃了”也不一定是“吃完了”。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-2\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2.\u003C\u002Fspan>四个补语的基本意思\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>补语\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>基本意思\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>常用搭配\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例句\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>完\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>动作完成，没有剩下\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>吃完、看完、写完\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我看完了这本书。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>好\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>做完了，而且可以用了，或准备好了\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>做好、准备好、写好\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我准备好了明天上课要用的东西。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>到\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>得到想要的结果\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>找到、买到、收到\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我买到了明天的火车票。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong>见\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>眼睛看到了，或耳朵听到了\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>看见、听见\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我听见了你的声音。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>这些补语要和合适的动词一起用，不能随便换。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>说书已经全部看过，用\u003Cstrong>看完\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>说饭已经可以吃了，用\u003Cstrong>做好\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>说要买的票已经买了，用\u003Cstrong>买到\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>说声音进了耳朵，用\u003Cstrong>听见\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-3\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3.\u003C\u002Fspan>补语、宾语和了的位置\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>基本结构是：\u003Cstrong>主语＋动词＋结果补语＋宾语\u003C\u002Fstrong>。宾语是动作说到的人或东西，例如“这本书”“火车票”。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>表示已经有了结果时，常用下面两种形式：\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>形式\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>例句\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>主语＋动词＋结果补语＋了＋宾语\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我\u003Cstrong>看完了这本书\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>主语＋动词＋结果补语＋宾语＋了\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我\u003Cstrong>看完这本书了\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>这两个例句都可以说明书已经看完。第二句也常用来告诉别人现在的情况。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>前面已经说清楚是什么东西时，可以不说宾语。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>甲：饭做好了吗？\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>乙：\u003Cstrong>做好了\u003C\u002Fstrong>，来吃吧。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--warning\">\u003Cp>动词和结果补语要放在一起，中间不加“得”，也不放“了”。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>✓ 我\u003Cstrong>写完了\u003C\u002Fstrong>作业。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>✗ 我写了完作业。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>✓ 我\u003Cstrong>听见了\u003C\u002Fstrong>你的声音。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>✗ 我听得见了你的声音。（这里要说的是刚才听到了声音。）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>结果补语不一定都带“了”。请别人先完成一件事时，也可以说：\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>请先\u003Cstrong>吃完\u003C\u002Fstrong>早饭，再出门。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-4\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4.\u003C\u002Fspan>完和好、到和见怎么选\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>完\u003C\u002Fstrong>主要说明“全部完成”；\u003Cstrong>好\u003C\u002Fstrong>还常常说明“已经准备好了，可以用了”。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>我\u003Cstrong>写完\u003C\u002Fstrong>了这封信。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>重点是：信已经全部写完，不用再接着写。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>我\u003Cstrong>写好\u003C\u002Fstrong>了这封信，现在可以寄了。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>重点是：信已经准备好了。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>两个句子有时说的是同一件事，只是重点不同。“写好”不一定表示字写得很漂亮。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>到\u003C\u002Fstrong>可以和很多动词搭配，如“找到、买到、收到”。\u003Cstrong>见\u003C\u002Fstrong>常用在“看见、听见”里。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>我在门口\u003Cstrong>看见\u003C\u002Fstrong>了小王。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>我在门口\u003Cstrong>看到\u003C\u002Fstrong>了小王。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>这两个句子的意思基本一样。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--note\">\u003Cp>“听见”和“听到”也常常都可以用，例如“我听见了铃声”和“我听到了铃声”。不要把“到”和“见”看成完全不同的两种结果。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-5\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5.\u003C\u002Fspan>没有结果怎么说，怎样提问\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>说一个结果还没有发生，用\u003Cstrong>没／没有＋动词＋结果补语\u003C\u002Fstrong>。表示动作完成的“了”要去掉。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>肯定\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>否定\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>我看完了这本书。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我还\u003Cstrong>没看完\u003C\u002Fstrong>这本书。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>饭做好了。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>饭还\u003Cstrong>没做好\u003C\u002Fstrong>。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>我找到了钥匙。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我\u003Cstrong>没有找到\u003C\u002Fstrong>钥匙。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>我听见了铃声。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>我\u003Cstrong>没听见\u003C\u002Fstrong>铃声。\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>“没找到”不等于“没找”：可能已经找过，只是没有找到。“没听见”也不等于没有认真听。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>问结果有没有发生，可以用**……了吗？\u003Cstrong>或\u003C\u002Fstrong>……了没有？**\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"grammar-callout grammar-callout--example\">\u003Cp>甲：你找到钥匙\u003Cstrong>了吗\u003C\u002Fstrong>？\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>乙：找到了。／还没找到。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>甲：你看完这本书\u003Cstrong>了没有\u003C\u002Fstrong>？\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>乙：看完了。／还没看完。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"section-6\">\u003Cspan class=\"section-number\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6.\u003C\u002Fspan>用之前检查三件事\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>想说什么结果？\u003C\u002Fstrong> 全部完成用“完”；做好、准备好用“好”；得到结果常用“到”；看到或听到常用“见”。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>位置对不对？\u003C\u002Fstrong> 动词和补语放在一起，宾语放在后面，如“买到票”。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>结果发生了吗？\u003C\u002Fstrong> 已经发生可以说“买到票了”；没有发生说“没买到票”。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Cp>记住这四组：\u003Cstrong>吃完早饭、做好晚饭、找到钥匙、听见铃声\u003C\u002Fstrong>。先记常用搭配，再放进自己的句子里。\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[1521,1525,1529,1533,1537,1541],{"id":1522,"text":1523,"depth":16,"number":1524},"section","动作和结果有什么不同","1",{"id":1526,"text":1527,"depth":16,"number":1528},"section-2","四个补语的基本意思","2",{"id":1530,"text":1531,"depth":16,"number":1532},"section-3","补语、宾语和了的位置","3",{"id":1534,"text":1535,"depth":16,"number":1536},"section-4","完和好、到和见怎么选","4",{"id":1538,"text":1539,"depth":16,"number":1540},"section-5","没有结果怎么说，怎样提问","5",{"id":1542,"text":1543,"depth":16,"number":1544},"section-6","用之前检查三件事","6"]