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先说东西，再说方位\n\n这里的“上、下、里、外”叫**方位词**。说位置时，把方位词放在名词后面。\n\n**名词＋上／下／里／外**\n\n- 桌子＋上 → **桌子上**\n- 椅子＋下 → **椅子下**\n- 书包＋里 → **书包里**\n- 教室＋外 → **教室外**\n\n:::warning\n这里的名词和方位词之间不用“的”。\n\n✓ 书在**桌子上**。\n\n✗ 书在桌子的上。\n:::\n\n:::warning\n说人在某个国家或城市时，名字后面不加“里”。\n\n✓ 我在**中国**。我在**北京**。\n\n✗ 我在中国里。我在北京里。\n\n“学校、家”等词本身就能表示地点，可以直接放在“在”后面：**我在学校。妈妈在家。**\n:::\n\n## 3. 用“在”说位置\n\n说一个人或一样东西在哪里，可以用：\n\n**人或东西＋在＋名词＋方位词**\n\n:::example\n书**在桌子上**。\n\n猫**在椅子下面**。\n\n钥匙**在书包里**。\n\n学生**在教室外面**。\n:::\n\n说人或东西不在某个地方，用**不在**。\n\n:::example\n钥匙**不在书包里**。\n:::\n\n想知道位置，可以问“**在哪里？**”。\n\n:::example\n甲：我的书**在哪里**？\n\n乙：你的书**在桌子上**。\n\n甲：钥匙**在哪里**？\n\n乙：**在书包里**。\n:::\n\n回答时，大家知道说的是什么，就可以直接说“在书包里”。\n\n:::tip\n说东西的位置，用“在”，不用“是”。\n\n✓ 我的书**在**桌子上。\n\n✗ 我的书是桌子上。\n:::\n\n## 4. 也可以加“面”\n\n说这些位置时，“上、下、里、外”后面也可以加**面**。\n\n| 简短的说法 | 加“面”的说法 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 桌子**上** | 桌子**上面** |\n| 椅子**下** | 椅子**下面** |\n| 书包**里** | 书包**里面** |\n| 教室**外** | 教室**外面** 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