[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-page-zh-suiran-danshi":3,"grammar-exercises-by-page-01a0e1ad-b742-7afb-8f29-cf386294aa0b":140,"exercise-list-path-zh-none":164},{"id":4,"title":5,"slug":6,"seoDescription":7,"content":8,"language":9,"level":10,"displayOrder":11,"grammarTopics":12,"createdAt":19,"updatedAt":20,"vocabularyLists":21,"primaryTopicHub":137,"readyImages":139},"01a0e1ad-b742-7afb-8f29-cf386294aa0b","“虽然……但是……”","suiran-danshi","学习虽然……但是……的用法，先承认一个事实，再说明实际情况与通常预想不同。了解这个句式如何表达转折，说明困难没有改变结果，以及如何在评价人或事物时先说一方面，再突出另一方面。在承认前一个事实之后，理解前后两部分的关系，把表达重点放在后半句，更清楚地说明事实与预期之间的差别，表达有对比的看法。","说到一件事，我们有时先承认一个事实，再说实际情况与通常的预想不同。**“虽然……但是……”**就能表达这种关系。学会这个句式，你可以说明困难没有改变结果，也可以在评价中先说一方面，再突出另一方面。\n\n## 1. 先承认事实，再说重点\n\n**虽然**引出先承认的情况，**但是**引出与它有转折关系的情况。句子的重点通常在后半句。\n\n:::example\n今天**虽然**下着雨，**但是**我们还是按计划出发了。\n\n下雨可能让人改变计划，可是我们没有改变计划。这里重点说的是“我们还是按计划出发了”。\n:::\n\n这种转折不一定是直接相反的两件事，也可以是结果与通常的预想不同。\n\n- 说明困难没有阻止行动：虽然工作很忙，但是她每天都运动。\n- 说明实际情况与预想不同：虽然他学中文的时间不长，但是说得很流利。\n- 评价事物的不同方面：虽然这家饭店有点贵，但是菜很好吃。\n\n## 2. 基本结构与主语位置\n\n基本结构是：**虽然＋前一个情况，但是＋后一个情况**。两个分句之间通常用逗号。\n\n| 主语情况 | 常见结构 | 例句 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 两个分句的主语相同 | 主语＋虽然……，但是…… | 这件衣服虽然有点旧，但是穿着很舒服。 |\n| 两个分句的主语相同 | 虽然＋主语……，但是…… | 虽然这件衣服有点旧，但是穿着很舒服。 |\n| 两个分句的主语不同 | 虽然＋主语一……，但是＋主语二…… | 虽然外面很冷，但是屋里很暖和。 |\n\n主语相同时，后半句通常不必重复主语。主语不同时，把“虽然”放在第一个主语前面，是清楚、常用的安排。\n\n:::tip\n先找出“谁怎么样”。如果前后说的是同一个人或事物，可以不重复主语；如果换了人或事物，要把后半句的主语说清楚。\n:::\n\n## 3. 前后顺序影响表达重点\n\n同样两个情况，顺序不同，强调的内容也会不同。\n\n:::example\n**情况一：朋友担心房租太贵，你想说明这套房子的优点。**\n\n这套房子**虽然**租金高，**但是**离公司很近。\n\n**情况二：朋友觉得上班方便，准备租房，你想提醒他注意费用。**\n\n这套房子**虽然**离公司很近，**但是**租金高。\n:::\n\n第一句突出“离公司近”，第二句突出“租金高”。两句都正确，但不能认为它们表达的重点完全一样。\n\n## 4. 常见的变化\n\n**但是**可以换成**但**或**可是**。“但”更简洁，“可是”常用于口语。\n\n| 表达方式 | 例句 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 虽然……但是…… | 虽然路有点远，但是坐地铁很方便。 |\n| 虽然……但…… | 虽然路有点远，但坐地铁很方便。 |\n| 虽然……可是…… | 虽然路有点远，可是坐地铁很方便。 |\n\n后半句还常用**还是、仍然、却**，进一步说明实际情况与前面的情况形成转折。\n\n:::example\n- 虽然已经很晚了，但是他**还在**工作。\n- 虽然练习了很多次，但是我**还是**有点紧张。\n- 虽然外面很冷，屋里**却**很暖和。\n:::\n\n:::note\n“虽然”和“但是”不一定每次都同时出现。例如，“虽然很累，他还是把工作做完了”很自然；“他很累，但是他把工作做完了”也正确。学习这个句式时，先把两部分都写出来，更容易看清关系。\n:::\n\n## 5. 避免关系不合适\n\n“虽然……但是……”不能随便连接两个事实。前后要有可以理解的转折关系。\n\n:::warning\n如果想表达“下雨导致比赛取消”，应说：\n\n✓ **因为**下雨了，**所以**比赛取消了。\n\n如果想表达“下雨没有改变比赛安排”，可以说：\n\n✓ **虽然**下雨了，**但是**比赛照常进行。\n\n不要把这两种关系写成“虽然下雨了，所以比赛取消了”。这里需要选择合适的一组关联词。\n:::\n\n另外，“虽然”引出的情况通常是说话人承认的事实，不是单纯提出一个还没有确定的条件。\n\n- 已经知道下雨了：**虽然**下雨了，但是我们还是要出门。\n- 还不知道会不会下雨：**如果**下雨，我们就不出门了。\n\n## 6. 说写前的检查\n\n1. **先承认什么？** 把这个情况放在“虽然”后面。\n2. **转折在哪里？** 后半句应与前半句形成对比，或与通常的预想不同。\n3. **重点是什么？** 把想突出的内容放在“但是”后面。\n4. **主语清楚吗？** 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